OLAH

Summary

OLAH (oleoyl-ACP hydrolase, HGNC:25625) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 10p13, encoding S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase, medium chain (Q9NV23). Contributes to the release of free fatty acids from fatty acid synthase (FASN).

Enables fatty acyl-[ACP] hydrolase activity. Involved in medium-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process. Predicted to be located in cytosol.

Source: NCBI Gene 55301 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 3 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001039702

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:25625
Approved symbol	OLAH
Name	oleoyl-ACP hydrolase
Location	10p13
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	TE2, SAST, FLJ11106
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000152463
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	621227
Entrez	55301

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 14 — 12 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000378217, ENST00000378225, ENST00000378228, ENST00000413672, ENST00000428897, ENST00000429028, ENST00000485251, ENST00000493912, ENST00000878259, ENST00000878260, ENST00000948315, ENST00000948316, ENST00000948317, ENST00000948318

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_001039702 NM_001039702, NM_018324

CCDS: CCDS31152, CCDS7106

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000378228 — 8 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000000236	15073087	15073853
ENSE00001005329	15071795	15071877
ENSE00001005333	15065584	15065753
ENSE00001303822	15049635	15049765
ENSE00001476685	15043943	15043986
ENSE00001476781	15047126	15047320
ENSE00003480684	15064403	15064502
ENSE00003566691	15061724	15061862

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 166 present calls, max score 86.96.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 0.7922 / max 97.7200, expressed in 199 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
103995	0.5114	146
103994	0.1433	52
103993	0.0637	26
103996	0.0559	16
103992	0.0148	3
205733	0.0030	1

Top tissues by expression

279 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	86.96	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	86.79	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	86.15	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	84.62	gold quality
male germ cell	CL:0000015	83.08	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	82.18	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	80.59	gold quality
adult organism	UBERON:0007023	79.15	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	75.53	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	74.68	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	74.43	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	72.51	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	70.42	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	70.25	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	69.27	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	68.93	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	68.81	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	68.71	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	68.67	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	68.34	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	67.42	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	66.76	gold quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	66.21	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	66.06	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	64.89	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	64.54	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	64.35	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	64.32	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	64.30	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	64.28	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-9841	yes	1167.88
E-ANND-3	yes	4.43

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

33 targeting OLAH, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-1252-5P	100.00	69.80	2774
HSA-MIR-511-3P	99.99	68.85	1467
HSA-MIR-3148	99.97	75.06	6478
HSA-MIR-5582-3P	99.86	72.48	4221
HSA-MIR-548AR-3P	99.85	71.26	3889
HSA-MIR-548AZ-5P	99.83	69.94	3230
HSA-MIR-548T-5P	99.83	69.91	3220
HSA-MIR-5010-3P	99.83	70.60	2357
HSA-MIR-548AZ-3P	99.82	70.56	3549
HSA-MIR-548BC	99.82	70.61	3524
HSA-MIR-548E-3P	99.82	70.59	3514
HSA-MIR-548F-3P	99.82	70.59	3540
HSA-MIR-4694-3P	99.79	69.53	2640
HSA-MIR-548A-3P	99.76	70.58	3524
HSA-MIR-4645-3P	99.76	69.33	993
HSA-MIR-4428	99.73	66.41	1733
HSA-MIR-4524A-3P	99.72	66.85	2406
HSA-MIR-4699-3P	99.71	70.15	3142
HSA-MIR-3609	99.52	69.89	2587
HSA-MIR-548AH-5P	99.52	69.73	2626
HSA-MIR-4251	99.40	69.19	3363
HSA-MIR-4427	99.34	70.33	1854
HSA-MIR-504-3P	99.30	67.18	1745
HSA-MIR-223-5P	99.24	68.82	1206
HSA-MIR-1253	99.12	67.08	1688
HSA-MIR-936	98.87	70.51	1124
HSA-MIR-412-3P	98.86	66.89	712
HSA-MIR-6754-3P	98.84	66.60	889
HSA-MIR-2355-5P	98.83	65.51	1589
HSA-MIR-7113-3P	98.75	65.71	1120

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	olah	ENSDARG00000058502
mus_musculus	Olah	ENSMUSG00000026645
rattus_norvegicus	Olah	ENSRNOG00000016403

Protein

Protein identifiers

S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase, medium chain — Q9NV23 (reviewed: Q9NV23)

Alternative names: Augmented in rheumatoid arthritis 1, Oleoyl-ACP hydrolase, Thioesterase 2, Thioesterase II, Thioesterase domain-containing protein 1

All UniProt accessions (5): Q9NV23, Q5VUB8, Q5VUB9, Q5VUC0, Q5VUC1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Contributes to the release of free fatty acids from fatty acid synthase (FASN). Has broad substrate specificity, giving rise to a range of free fatty acids with chain lengths between 10 and 16 carbon atoms (C10 - C16).

Subunit / interactions. Interacts (via C-terminus) with FASN.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytosol.

Tissue specificity. Detected both in lactating and non-lactating breast epithelium (at protein level). Isoform 2 is up-regulated in bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Similarity. Belongs to the thioesterase family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9NV23-1	1	yes
Q9NV23-2	2

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001034791, NP_060794 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001031	Thioesterase	Domain
IPR012223	TEII	Family
IPR029058	AB_hydrolase_fold	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00975

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 5 shown:

• (9Z)-octadecenoyl-[ACP] + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + holo-[ACP] + H(+) (RHEA:15057)
• hexadecanoyl-CoA + H2O = hexadecanoate + CoA + H(+) (RHEA:16645)
• dodecanoyl-CoA + H2O = dodecanoate + CoA + H(+) (RHEA:30135)
• decanoyl-CoA + H2O = decanoate + CoA + H(+) (RHEA:40059)
• tetradecanoyl-CoA + H2O = tetradecanoate + CoA + H(+) (RHEA:40119)

UniProt features (22 total): helix 9, strand 8, active site 2, chain 1, modified residue 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
4XJV	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.8

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9NV23-F1	90.38	0.79

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (2): 101; 237

Post-translational modifications (1): 1

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

4 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-75105	Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-556833	Metabolism of lipids
R-HSA-8978868	Fatty acid metabolism

MSigDB gene sets: 61 (showing top): GOBP_MONOCARBOXYLIC_ACID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_ORGANIC_ACID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_SMALL_MOLECULE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, chr10p13, GOBP_FATTY_ACID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_MONOCARBOXYLIC_ACID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_LIPID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_ORGANIC_ACID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_LIPID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, SENESE_HDAC1_TARGETS_UP, ACEVEDO_METHYLATED_IN_LIVER_CANCER_DN, DURCHDEWALD_SKIN_CARCINOGENESIS_UP, GOBP_FATTY_ACID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOMF_THIOLESTER_HYDROLASE_ACTIVITY, GOMF_HYDROLASE_ACTIVITY_ACTING_ON_ESTER_BONDS

GO Biological Process (6): lipid biosynthetic process (GO:0008610), medium-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:0051792), lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629), fatty acid metabolic process (GO:0006631), fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:0006633), biosynthetic process (GO:0009058)

GO Molecular Function (2): fatty acyl-[ACP] hydrolase activity (GO:0016297), hydrolase activity (GO:0016787)

GO Cellular Component (2): cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-3 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Fatty acid metabolism	1
Metabolism	1
Metabolism of lipids	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
lipid metabolic process	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
biosynthetic process	1
fatty acid biosynthetic process	1
medium-chain fatty acid metabolic process	1
primary metabolic process	1
monocarboxylic acid metabolic process	1
fatty acid metabolic process	1
lipid biosynthetic process	1
monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process	1
metabolic process	1
thiolester hydrolase activity	1
catalytic activity	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1813 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
OLAH	ACOT13	Q9NPJ3	453
OLAH	MAP3K8	P41279	434
OLAH	OR5M11	Q96RB7	368
OLAH	TEX30	Q5JUR7	366
OLAH	CNTNAP3	Q9BZ76	365
OLAH	TBC1D3G	Q6DHY5	349
OLAH	FASN	P49327	346
OLAH	FAM135A	Q9P2D6	341
OLAH	AASDH	Q4L235	337
OLAH	ABHD13	Q7L211	335
OLAH	OXSM	Q9NWU1	330
OLAH	LIPM	Q5VYY2	327
OLAH	ABHD16B	Q9H3Z7	324
OLAH	ABHD14A	Q9BUJ0	305
OLAH	SERHL2	Q9H4I8	300

IntAct

0 interactions, top by confidence:

BioGRID (1): OLAH (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0U1RQE8, A0A7H0DN16, A4UHT7, B3LKQ3, B5VSZ6, G5EDL5, O23969, O74427, O82243, P00633, P08635, P0DKC7, P14686, P32363, P34913, P34914, P80299, Q071N0, Q0IIS3, Q0J954, Q14032, Q28CZ9, Q2T9S8, Q2TAP9, Q32LH7, Q5PPS7, Q5XF59, Q5ZJL8, Q63276, Q66I74, Q6DHN0, Q6DJC8, Q6Q2C2, Q767F1, Q7TSV6, Q80XN0, Q8BGG9, Q8IUS5, Q8R197, Q8WU03

Diamond homologs: P00633, P08635, P14686, Q03133, Q70LM8, Q8R197, Q9NV23, Q9ZGI1, P33586, P63461, P9WQD4, P9WQD5, Q9I1H3, B2HIN3, P9WQ62, P9WQ63, Q0D034, Q7TYQ4, Q9Z5K4

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

3 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	2
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1593 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
10:15043983:GCAA:G	donor_gain	1.0000
10:15043984:CAA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
10:15043987:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
10:15049629:CCCTA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:15049630:CCTAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:15049631:CTA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:15049632:TA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:15049633:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:15049634:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:15049766:G:A	donor_loss	1.0000
10:15049767:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
10:15061722:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:15061723:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:15043985:AA:A	donor_gain	0.9900
10:15043988:TGA:T	donor_loss	0.9900
10:15043989:GAG:G	donor_loss	0.9900
10:15043991:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9900
10:15049633:AG:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15049634:GG:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15049634:GGA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15049634:GGAAT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15049763:A:T	donor_gain	0.9900
10:15060740:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15060749:C:CA	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15060749:C:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15061834:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9900
10:15064394:T:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15064401:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15064402:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:15065581:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

1765 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
10:15049735:T:A	W45R	0.985
10:15049735:T:C	W45R	0.985
10:15073089:T:A	W220R	0.983
10:15073089:T:C	W220R	0.983
10:15049737:G:C	W45C	0.981
10:15049737:G:T	W45C	0.981
10:15061862:G:T	S101I	0.977
10:15064485:A:C	S129R	0.977
10:15064487:T:A	S129R	0.977
10:15064487:T:G	S129R	0.977
10:15061847:C:A	A96E	0.973
10:15061856:G:A	G99D	0.973
10:15049688:T:C	L29P	0.971
10:15064431:G:C	A111P	0.971
10:15049695:C:G	C31W	0.970
10:15049693:T:C	C31R	0.969
10:15061749:A:C	R63S	0.969
10:15061749:A:T	R63S	0.969
10:15064476:T:C	F126L	0.969
10:15064478:T:A	F126L	0.969
10:15064478:T:G	F126L	0.969
10:15064420:C:A	A107D	0.966
10:15064477:T:C	F126S	0.965
10:15061843:T:C	F95L	0.963
10:15061845:T:A	F95L	0.963
10:15061845:T:G	F95L	0.963
10:15064408:G:A	G103E	0.962
10:15073091:G:C	W220C	0.962
10:15073091:G:T	W220C	0.962
10:15064441:T:C	L114P	0.961

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000029838 (10:15048992 A>C,G,T), RS1000032771 (10:15038436 C>G,T), RS1000081762 (10:15048677 A>G), RS1000094439 (10:15039406 C>G,T), RS1000133989 (10:15035334 A>C,G), RS1000169350 (10:15064920 G>C,T), RS1000289185 (10:15070820 C>G,T), RS1000292920 (10:15043267 A>G), RS1000320786 (10:15071009 C>T), RS1000413779 (10:15043075 T>A,C), RS1000432992 (10:15048767 T>A), RS1000468170 (10:15038193 T>C), RS1000494454 (10:15042300 C>T), RS1000653831 (10:15072698 G>A), RS1000739207 (10:15034074 C>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:621227 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST003523_14	Coenzyme Q10 levels	2.000000e-06
GCST008359_6	Response to cognitive-behavioural therapy in anxiety disorder	4.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007836	coenzyme Q10 measurement
EFO:0007820	cognitive behavioural therapy

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

33 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Cyclosporine	increases expression	3
Cadmium Chloride	increases expression, decreases expression, increases abundance	3
Cadmium	increases abundance, increases expression	2
Valproic Acid	increases expression, increases methylation	2
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
bisphenol A	decreases expression	1
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate	increases expression	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases expression	1
zinc chromate	increases abundance, increases expression	1
hydroquinone	increases expression	1
chromium hexavalent ion	increases abundance, increases expression	1
CGP 52608	increases reaction, affects binding	1
NSC 689534	increases expression, affects binding	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Calcitriol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Cisplatin	increases expression	1
Copper	affects binding, increases expression	1
Diethylhexyl Phthalate	increases expression	1
Ethyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Methyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Silicon Dioxide	increases expression	1
Smoke	increases expression	1
Testosterone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	increases expression	1
Tretinoin	increases expression	1
Vincristine	increases expression	1
Vitamin E	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.