OLIG2

Summary

OLIG2 (oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2, HGNC:9398) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 21q22.11, encoding Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Q13516). Required for oligodendrocyte and motor neuron specification in the spinal cord, as well as for the development of somatic motor neurons in the hindbrain.

This gene encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor which is expressed in oligodendroglial tumors of the brain. The protein is an essential regulator of ventral neuroectodermal progenitor cell fate. The gene is involved in a chromosomal translocation t(14;21)(q11.2;q22) associated with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Its chromosomal location is within a region of chromosome 21 which has been suggested to play a role in learning deficits associated with Down syndrome.

Source: NCBI Gene 10215 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 6
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 33 total
• Transcription factor: yes — 21 downstream targets (CollecTRI)
• MANE Select transcript: NM_005806

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:9398
Approved symbol	OLIG2
Name	oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2
Location	21q22.11
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	RACK17, OLIGO2, bHLHe19
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000205927
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	606386
Entrez	10215

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 6 — 6 protein_coding

ENST00000333337, ENST00000382357, ENST00000430860, ENST00000877220, ENST00000877221, ENST00000960608

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_005806 NM_005806

CCDS: CCDS13620

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000382357 — 2 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001491833	33026801	33029185
ENSE00001491842	33025935	33026026

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 102 present calls, max score 95.33.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 5.0320 / max 340.5692, expressed in 214 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
188832	5.0320	214

Top tissues by expression

271 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
inferior vagus X ganglion	UBERON:0005363	95.33	gold quality
globus pallidus	UBERON:0001875	93.59	gold quality
medial globus pallidus	UBERON:0002477	93.46	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	92.96	gold quality
ventral tegmental area	UBERON:0002691	92.65	gold quality
subthalamic nucleus	UBERON:0001906	92.64	gold quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	92.57	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	92.43	gold quality
midbrain	UBERON:0001891	92.42	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	91.71	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	91.64	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	91.39	gold quality
superior vestibular nucleus	UBERON:0007227	91.08	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	91.00	gold quality
dorsal plus ventral thalamus	UBERON:0001897	90.84	gold quality
middle frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002702	90.83	gold quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	90.68	gold quality
medulla oblongata	UBERON:0001896	90.58	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	90.50	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	90.30	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	90.15	gold quality
CA1 field of hippocampus	UBERON:0003881	89.87	gold quality
inferior olivary complex	UBERON:0002127	89.71	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	89.11	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	88.65	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	88.43	gold quality
postcentral gyrus	UBERON:0002581	87.98	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	87.94	gold quality
entorhinal cortex	UBERON:0002728	87.69	gold quality
telencephalon	UBERON:0001893	87.52	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-93593	yes	57.32
E-GEOD-84465	yes	26.83
E-ANND-3	no	1.31

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

21 targets.

Target	Regulation
ARHGAP8	Repression
AURKA	Activation
CCNB1	Activation
CDC20	Activation
CDC25C	Activation
CDCA8	Activation
CDKN1B	Activation
CDKN2B
EPHA3	Activation
EPHA5	Activation
GFAP	Repression
LGR5	Unknown
NOTCH1
OLIG1	Activation
OLIG2
PIM1	Activation
RHOA
RNU2-1
SHH
SIGLEC8	Activation
SOX10	Activation

JASPAR motifs

Motif	Name	Family
MA0678.1	OLIG2	Tal-related
MA1997.1	Olig2	Tal-related
MA1997.2	Olig2	Tal-related

JASPAR matrix evidence (PMIDs): PMID:20959288

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): GLI2, NKX6-1, OLIG1, OLIG2, PAX6, PHOX2B, SMAD1, SMAD4, TCF12

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

60 targeting OLIG2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-1252-5P	100.00	69.80	2774
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-656-3P	100.00	72.15	2788
HSA-MIR-12118	100.00	65.88	1270
HSA-MIR-150-5P	99.99	66.69	1976
HSA-MIR-520D-5P	99.98	73.34	4883
HSA-MIR-524-5P	99.98	73.43	4882
HSA-MIR-4482-3P	99.98	72.50	3147
HSA-MIR-3173-3P	99.98	66.49	1217
HSA-MIR-6891-5P	99.98	66.53	1372
HSA-MIR-5696	99.98	72.36	4487
HSA-MIR-4267	99.96	66.53	2368
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-185-3P	99.95	67.01	1743
HSA-MIR-218-5P	99.93	72.22	2103
HSA-MIR-450B-5P	99.92	71.48	3175
HSA-MIR-5682	99.89	72.56	1005
HSA-MIR-3941	99.86	70.54	2735
HSA-MIR-4447	99.85	67.81	2900
HSA-MIR-629-3P	99.85	67.99	1875
HSA-MIR-609	99.82	64.26	505
HSA-MIR-6739-5P	99.80	67.87	2806
HSA-MIR-4713-5P	99.78	67.80	1794
HSA-MIR-6733-5P	99.74	67.94	2759
HSA-MIR-548AU-3P	99.70	68.22	1373
HSA-MIR-4729	99.69	72.18	4233
HSA-MIR-466	99.67	70.85	2863
HSA-MIR-6887-3P	99.66	67.83	1778
HSA-MIR-2113	99.58	71.22	1521
HSA-MIR-3153	99.55	67.59	2337

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Analysis of 180 primary, metastatic, and non-neural human tumors shows OLIG2 is highly expressed in all diffuse gliomas. Immunohistochemistry and microarray analyses demonstrate higher OLIG2 in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas versus glioblastomas. (PMID:15198128)
• Overexpression of OLIG2 was not only found in oligodendroglioma samples and normal neural tissue but also in a wide spectrum of malignant cell lines including leukemia, non-small cell lung carcinoma, melanoma, and breast cancer cell lines. (PMID:16103065)
• Olig1 and Olig2 transcription factors in the human central nervous system are important not only for differentiation of the oligodendrocyte lineage, but they may also have a role in neural cell specification. (PMID:16267213)
• Transcriptional regulation of transgenic Olig2 is involved in segregation of motoneuron precursor neuroblasts in the developing mouse spinal cord. (PMID:16469306)
• A novel function of OLIG2 is to suppress glial tumor cell growth via cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27. (PMID:16554441)
• Findings show a general requirement for Olig2 function in glial cell development and highlight further roles for Olig transcription factors in neural progenitor cells. (PMID:16682644)
• Data provide strong convergent evidence that variation in OLIG2 confers susceptibility to schizophrenia alone and as part of a network of genes implicated in oligodendrocyte function. (PMID:16891421)
• Mutations in OLIG1 and OLIG2 are not likely to be associated with this subgroup of hypomyelinating disorders. (PMID:17171653)
• OLIG2 expression was predominant over ID2 expression in oligodendroglial tumors, while ID2 expression was predominant over OLIG2 expression in astrocytic tumors. (PMID:17431671)
• No significan correlation was found between proliferation index in pilocytic astrocytomas and Olig-2 expression. (PMID:17690840)
• IL-13Ralpha2 and Olig2 have been identified and confirmed to be interesting candidate genes whose differential expression likely plays a role in malignant progression of astrocytomas (PMID:17917751)
• absence of OLIG2 mutation in three PMLD patients presenting with a phenotype characterized by severe hypomyelination and motor neuron dysfunction (PMID:17918228)
• The SNP rs762178 in OLIG2 seems to be a potential candidate in altering risk for schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population. (PMID:17934761)
• OLIG2 suppresses the motile phenotype of glioblastoma cells by activating RhoA. (PMID:17951409)
• We found that genetic polymorphisms in CNP (rs2070106) and OLIG2 (rs1059004 and (PMID:17964117)
• analysis of Olig2 immunohistochemistry in microcystic areas might therefore be useful for the differential diagnosis of pilocytic astrocytoma and diffuse astrocytomas . (PMID:18312545)
• Olig2-immunohistochemistry is useful and potentially more reliable than the epithelial membrane antigen-immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of ependymoma (PMID:18552083)
• Olig2-induced neural stem cell differentiation involves downregulation of Wnt pathway. (PMID:19093005)
• Significant evidence for association of psychotic symptoms within cases was identified for two SNPs, rs762237 and rs2834072. (PMID:19477230)
• transplantation of human neural stem cells genetically modified to express Olig2 transcription factor improved locomotor recovery and enhanced myelination in a rat contusive spinal cord injury model. (PMID:19772605)
• 1p19q whole loss was also significantly associated with Olig2 overexpression, but was never observed in tumors overexpressing p53 protein in oligodendroglial tumors (PMID:20081802)
• suggesting that OLIG2 function in pediatric gliomas is cell lineage dependent (PMID:21193945)
• analysis of conserved and non-conserved functional elements at the Olig1 and Olig2 locus (PMID:21206754)
• Olig2 expression is restricted to isolation and during membrane production of regenerating oligodendrocyte cultures isolated from white matter of medically intractable epilepsy patients. (PMID:21446039)
• The Olig2 can induce desired neuronal lineages from most expressing neural progenitor cells by a mechanism resembling developmental binary cell-fate switching. (PMID:21624811)
• Nogo-A is more useful and specific than Olig-2 in differentiating oligodendrogliomas from other gliomas. (PMID:21835431)
• OLIG2 over-expression inhibits neural progenitor proliferation through changes in potassium channel activity, thereby contributing to the reduced neuronal numbers and brain size in DS. (PMID:22343408)
• We found that the risk allele OLIG2 (A) was associated with reduced white matter integrity in the corona radiata bilaterally (PMID:22505278)
• Olig2-positive cells in glioneuronal tumors, and some of them also exhibited neuronal features (PMID:23025580)
• Report role of OLIG2 immunostaining pattern in diagnosing rare and glioblastoma variants. (PMID:23041832)
• This study review OLIG2 have developmental functions in patterning, neuron subtype specification and the formation of oligodendrocytes and play the role in the postnatal brain during repair processes and in neurological disease states. (PMID:23165259)
• LGR5 expression may be functionally correlated with the neurogenic competence, and be regulated by OLIG2 in stem-like cells in glioblastoma. (PMID:23793848)
• Authors investigated the role of Pten in these two critical cellular compartments in adult and developing brains using methods for activation or suppression of PI3K signaling in glial and neuronal progenitors expressing Olig2. (PMID:24395742)
• Our study suggests that CGT expression is controlled by balanced expression of the negative modulator OLIG2 and positive regulator Nkx2.2, providing new insights into how expression of GalCer is tightly regulated in cell-type- and stage-specific manners. (PMID:24821492)
• High Olig2 expression is associated with oligodendrogliomas. (PMID:25085214)
• OLIG2 is the most specific GSC marker. (PMID:25384509)
• The results demonstrate that the expression of Olig2 in dental pulp stem cells reduces the expression of stem cell markers and induces the development of oligodendrocyte progenitors. (PMID:25966902)
• The present study is the first to verify the associations of SNPs rs762178, rs1059004, and rs9653711 of the OLIG2 gene with OCD in a Chinese Han population. Thus, OLIG2 might serve as a potential target for OCD treatment (PMID:26271930)
• Olig2 was positive in 5 out of 44 ependymomas (11%) and 50 out of 54 (93%) non-ependymal tumors (PMID:26287936)
• Olig2 was expressed in cord blood eosinophils on d 24, when cord blood eosinophils are considered fully differentiated, but no earlier. It was also expressed in human peripheral-blood eosinophils but not neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, or cord blood mast cells. Many genes, including eosinophil surface molecules, were up-regulated along with OLIG2. OLIG2 shRNA or siRNA downregulated SIGLEC-8 mRNA and protein. (PMID:27154355)

Cross-species orthologs

8 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	olig2	ENSDARG00000040946
mus_musculus	Olig2	ENSMUSG00000039830
rattus_norvegicus	Olig2	ENSRNOG00000028658
drosophila_melanogaster	amos	FBGN0003270
drosophila_melanogaster	ato	FBGN0010433
drosophila_melanogaster	tap	FBGN0015550
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00003018
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00003595

Paralogs (15): NEUROG3 (ENSG00000122859), NEUROD4 (ENSG00000123307), BHLHE23 (ENSG00000125533), NEUROD1 (ENSG00000162992), NEUROD6 (ENSG00000164600), ATOH8 (ENSG00000168874), NEUROD2 (ENSG00000171532), ATOH1 (ENSG00000172238), OLIG3 (ENSG00000177468), NEUROG2 (ENSG00000178403), ATOH7 (ENSG00000179774), BHLHA15 (ENSG00000180535), BHLHE22 (ENSG00000180828), NEUROG1 (ENSG00000181965), OLIG1 (ENSG00000184221)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 — Q13516 (reviewed: Q13516)

Alternative names: Class B basic helix-loop-helix protein 1, Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 19, Protein kinase C-binding protein 2, Protein kinase C-binding protein RACK17

All UniProt accessions (2): C9J444, Q13516

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Required for oligodendrocyte and motor neuron specification in the spinal cord, as well as for the development of somatic motor neurons in the hindbrain. Functions together with ZNF488 to promote oligodendrocyte differentiation. Cooperates with OLIG1 to establish the pMN domain of the embryonic neural tube. Antagonist of V2 interneuron and of NKX2-2-induced V3 interneuron development.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with NKX2-2. Interacts with ZNF488.

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Cytoplasm.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in the brain, in oligodendrocytes. Strongly expressed in oligodendrogliomas, while expression is weak to moderate in astrocytomas. Expression in glioblastomas highly variable.

Disease relevance. A chromosomal aberration involving OLIG2 may be a cause of a form of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Translocation t(14;21)(q11.2;q22) with TCRA.

Domain organisation. The bHLH is essential for interaction with NKX2-2.

Induction. By SHH. Also induced by NKX6-1 in the developing spinal cord, but not in the rostral hindbrain.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_005797* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR011598	bHLH_dom	Domain
IPR032658	Olig2_bHLH	Domain
IPR036638	HLH_DNA-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR050359	bHLH_transcription_factors	Family

Pfam: PF00010

UniProt features (8 total): compositionally biased region 3, sequence conflict 2, chain 1, domain 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q13516-F1	61.31	0.23

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 181 (showing top): BROWNE_HCMV_INFECTION_30MIN_DN, GSE45365_CD8A_DC_VS_CD11B_DC_IFNAR_KO_UP, GOBP_SPINAL_CORD_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_NEURON_DIFFERENTIATION, BENPORATH_ES_WITH_H3K27ME3, ASTON_MAJOR_DEPRESSIVE_DISORDER_DN, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_GLIAL_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GAUSSMANN_MLL_AF4_FUSION_TARGETS_A_UP, GOBP_NEUROGENESIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_NERVOUS_SYSTEM_DEVELOPMENT, COLIN_PILOCYTIC_ASTROCYTOMA_VS_GLIOBLASTOMA_UP, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_NERVOUS_SYSTEM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION_IN_SPINAL_CORD, GOBP_FOREBRAIN_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_SPINAL_CORD_MOTOR_NEURON_DIFFERENTIATION

GO Biological Process (18): negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122), sensory organ development (GO:0007423), spinal cord motor neuron differentiation (GO:0021522), spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell fate specification (GO:0021530), thalamus development (GO:0021794), myelination (GO:0042552), negative regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045665), positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944), neuron fate commitment (GO:0048663), positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation (GO:0048714), axon development (GO:0061564), regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355), nervous system development (GO:0007399), spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell differentiation (GO:0021529), oligodendrocyte cell fate specification (GO:0021778), central nervous system neuron differentiation (GO:0021953), neuron differentiation (GO:0030182), oligodendrocyte differentiation (GO:0048709)

GO Molecular Function (9): DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), protein dimerization activity (GO:0046983), E-box binding (GO:0070888), HMG box domain binding (GO:0071837), sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837), DNA binding (GO:0003677), DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (3): chromatin (GO:0000785), nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	3
neuron differentiation	3
transcription by RNA polymerase II	2
cell differentiation in spinal cord	2
oligodendrocyte differentiation	2
central nervous system development	2
protein binding	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	1
animal organ development	1
ventral spinal cord development	1
central nervous system neuron differentiation	1
spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell differentiation	1
oligodendrocyte cell fate specification	1
diencephalon development	1
anatomical structure development	1
axon ensheathment	1
negative regulation of cell differentiation	1
regulation of neuron differentiation	1
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	1
cell fate commitment	1
positive regulation of glial cell differentiation	1
regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation	1
neuron projection development	1
DNA-templated transcription	1
regulation of gene expression	1
regulation of RNA biosynthetic process	1
system development	1
oligodendrocyte cell fate commitment	1
glial cell fate specification	1
cell differentiation	1
generation of neurons	1
glial cell differentiation	1
chromatin	1
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	1
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	1
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	1
protein domain specific binding	1
double-stranded DNA binding	1
sequence-specific DNA binding	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2492 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
OLIG2	ID4	P47928	932
OLIG2	GFAP	P14136	904
OLIG2	CSPG4	Q6UVK1	897
OLIG2	SOX10	P56693	875
OLIG2	PAX6	P26367	868
OLIG2	NKX2-2	O95096	856
OLIG2	ID2	Q02363	855
OLIG2	NES	P48681	837
OLIG2	CNP	P09543	828
OLIG2	MBP	P02686	827
OLIG2	ISL1	P20663	816
OLIG2	NEUROG2	Q9H2A3	813
OLIG2	RBFOX3	A6NFN3	812
OLIG2	PDGFRA	P16234	809
OLIG2	SOX2	P48431	777

IntAct

22 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
TXLNA	OLIG2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
KRTAP12-4	OLIG2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
OLIG2	CUL3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
SMAD4	OLIG2	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
OLIG2	EGFR	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
TXLNA	OLIG2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
KRTAP12-4	OLIG2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	HEY1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	LRRFIP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	MRFAP1L1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	GOLGA3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	EXOC7	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	CKAP5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	NAP1L2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	MCF2L2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
OLIG2	PSMA3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (24): OLIG2 (Phenotypic Suppression), OLIG2 (Affinity Capture-Western), ID4 (Affinity Capture-Western), OLIG2 (Affinity Capture-Western), OLIG2 (Affinity Capture-Western), TCF3 (Affinity Capture-Western), OLIG2 (Two-hybrid), KRTAP12-4 (Two-hybrid), OLIG2 (Affinity Capture-RNA), OLIG2 (Reconstituted Complex), MRFAP1L1 (Two-hybrid), LRRFIP1 (Two-hybrid), NAP1L2 (Two-hybrid), HEY1 (Two-hybrid), CKAP5 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A3KMR8, A7Z017, D3ZNT6, O02754, O42290, O57342, O75444, O77215, O95409, P06601, P10734, P16376, P20264, P23091, P23758, P31361, P32027, P54366, P54841, P54842, P54843, P54844, P56224, Q04649, Q0V9K1, Q13516, Q24255, Q27350, Q2PFS4, Q4U1U2, Q504L8, Q61060, Q62520, Q63262, Q6DE84, Q789F3, Q8CF90, Q8NHW3, Q90370, Q90888

Diamond homologs: A8E5T6, B6VQA1, O09029, O09105, O13125, O13126, O16867, O35437, O42202, O42606, O43680, O45489, O57598, O88940, O96004, O96642, P10627, P13903, P46581, P48985, P48986, P48987, P57100, P57101, P57102, P59101, P61295, P61296, P70447, P70562, P70595, P70660, P70661, P79765, P79766, P79782, P79920, P97832, Q08DI0, Q0V9X5

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
OLIG1	up-regulates	OLIG2
GLI2	“up-regulates quantity”	OLIG2	“transcriptional regulation”

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

33 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	31
Likely benign	1
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

162 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
21:33026025:GA:G	donor_gain	0.9900
21:33026027:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9900
21:33026769:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
21:33026770:T:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
21:33026795:T:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
21:33026796:G:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
21:33026799:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
21:33026800:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
21:33026796:GGAAG:G	acceptor_loss	0.9800
21:33026797:GAAGT:G	acceptor_loss	0.9800
21:33026798:AAG:A	acceptor_loss	0.9800
21:33026799:AG:A	acceptor_loss	0.9800
21:33026800:GTT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9800
21:33026800:GTTT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9800
21:33026182:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9700
21:33026800:GT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9700
21:33026800:GTTTT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9700
21:33026181:C:G	acceptor_gain	0.9600
21:33026257:GCTG:G	donor_gain	0.9500
21:33026183:C:G	acceptor_gain	0.9200
21:33026180:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9100
21:33026805:C:A	acceptor_gain	0.8400
21:33026024:AGA:A	donor_gain	0.8100
21:33026025:GAG:G	donor_gain	0.8100
21:33026326:T:G	donor_gain	0.8100
21:33026023:CAGAG:C	donor_loss	0.8000
21:33026024:AGAGT:A	donor_loss	0.8000
21:33026026:AG:A	donor_loss	0.8000
21:33026028:T:TC	donor_loss	0.8000
21:33026029:AAGT:A	donor_loss	0.8000

AlphaMissense

2070 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
21:33027188:T:C	L109P	1.000
21:33027190:C:A	R110S	1.000
21:33027190:C:G	R110G	1.000
21:33027194:T:C	L111P	1.000
21:33027200:T:A	I113N	1.000
21:33027200:T:C	I113T	1.000
21:33027200:T:G	I113S	1.000
21:33027202:A:C	N114H	1.000
21:33027202:A:G	N114D	1.000
21:33027203:A:T	N114I	1.000
21:33027204:C:A	N114K	1.000
21:33027204:C:G	N114K	1.000
21:33027208:C:A	R116S	1.000
21:33027208:C:G	R116G	1.000
21:33027208:C:T	R116C	1.000
21:33027209:G:C	R116P	1.000
21:33027211:G:A	E117K	1.000
21:33027211:G:C	E117Q	1.000
21:33027212:A:C	E117A	1.000
21:33027212:A:G	E117G	1.000
21:33027212:A:T	E117V	1.000
21:33027213:G:C	E117D	1.000
21:33027213:G:T	E117D	1.000
21:33027214:C:A	R118S	1.000
21:33027214:C:G	R118G	1.000
21:33027214:C:T	R118C	1.000
21:33027215:G:A	R118H	1.000
21:33027215:G:C	R118P	1.000
21:33027220:C:A	R120S	1.000
21:33027220:C:G	R120G	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000244814 (21:33028324 C>A,G), RS1001314209 (21:33028256 G>A,C), RS1001385651 (21:33028060 T>C), RS1001619662 (21:33028637 G>A), RS1002185426 (21:33024428 T>C), RS1002829399 (21:33029441 C>T), RS1003004424 (21:33026925 T>C), RS1003056369 (21:33026597 T>C), RS1003259510 (21:33027237 C>T), RS1004274882 (21:33026092 T>C), RS1005205871 (21:33029678 G>A), RS1005573 (21:33026408 C>G,T), RS1005947968 (21:33024729 C>T), RS1006000367 (21:33024350 C>G), RS1006469889 (21:33028369 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:606386 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

6 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001958_13	Bulimia nervosa	9.000000e-06
GCST008529_5	Tea consumption	2.000000e-12
GCST008832_7	Gastroesophageal reflux disease	3.000000e-08
GCST011124_24	Caffeine consumption from tea	4.000000e-11
GCST90002381_258	Eosinophil count	2.000000e-09
GCST90002382_536	Eosinophil percentage of white cells	4.000000e-10

EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0010091	tea consumption measurement
EFO:0004842	eosinophil count
EFO:0007991	eosinophil percentage of leukocytes

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: other protein — Basic helix-loop-helix (BHLH) TFs

CTD chemical–gene interactions

42 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
lead acetate	increases reaction, increases abundance, increases expression	2
Valproic Acid	affects expression, increases expression	2
methylmercuric chloride	increases expression	1
bisphenol A	decreases expression	1
ascorbate-2-phosphate	affects binding, affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
trichostatin A	increases expression	1
arsenite	increases methylation	1
fenvalerate	decreases expression	1
ochratoxin A	decreases expression	1
4-aminophenylarsenoxide	affects binding, decreases reaction	1
casticin	decreases expression	1
fumonisin B1	decreases expression	1
cotylenin A	increases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Chir 99021	affects binding, affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
bisphenol S	decreases expression	1
XAV939	affects binding, affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	1
LDN 193189	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
MT19c compound	decreases expression	1
Aripiprazole	decreases expression	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Decitabine	affects expression	1
Arsenic Trioxide	affects binding, decreases reaction	1
Vorinostat	decreases expression	1
Glyphosate	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	affects expression, increases abundance	1
Allergens	increases expression	1
Arsenic	increases expression	1
Ascorbic Acid	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects binding	1

Cellosaurus cell lines

6 cell lines: 3 embryonic stem cell, 3 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_A4Z3	SEES3-1V human OLIG2, clone1	Embryonic stem cell	Male
CVCL_A4Z4	SEES3-1V human OLIG2, clone2	Embryonic stem cell	Male
CVCL_A4Z5	SEES3-1V human OLIG2, clone3	Embryonic stem cell	Male
CVCL_B8LT	Abcam HCT 116 OLIG2 KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_B8ZR	Abcam MCF-7 OLIG2 KO	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_B9NZ	Abcam A-549 OLIG2 KO	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.