OST4

Summary

OST4 (oligosaccharyltransferase complex subunit 4, non-catalytic, HGNC:32483) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2p23.3, encoding Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide–protein glycosyltransferase subunit 4 (P0C6T2). Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypep…. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 29.4% of cell lines).

Involved in protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine. Part of oligosaccharyltransferase complex A and oligosaccharyltransferase complex B.

Source: NCBI Gene 100128731 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 7
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 3 total
• Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 29.4% of screened cell lines
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001134693

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:32483
Approved symbol	OST4
Name	oligosaccharyltransferase complex subunit 4, non-catalytic
Location	2p23.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000228474
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	618932
Entrez	100128731

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 9 protein_coding

ENST00000429985, ENST00000447619, ENST00000456793, ENST00000889858, ENST00000889859, ENST00000889860, ENST00000929679, ENST00000929680, ENST00000929681

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_001134693 NM_001134693

CCDS: CCDS58703

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000456793 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001661721	27071601	27071654
ENSE00001730742	27071326	27071463
ENSE00001792541	27070472	27070721

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 253 present calls, max score 99.74.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 669.7161 / max 4300.2705, expressed in 1828 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
27439	669.7161	1828

Top tissues by expression

256 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	99.74	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	99.72	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	99.49	gold quality
upper arm skin	UBERON:0004263	99.46	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	99.43	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	99.43	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	99.43	gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atrium	UBERON:0003379	99.40	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	99.40	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	99.39	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	99.39	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	99.39	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	99.37	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	99.36	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	99.36	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	99.35	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	99.35	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	99.34	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	99.34	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	99.34	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	99.34	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	99.33	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	99.33	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	99.32	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	99.31	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	99.30	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	99.29	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	99.29	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	99.29	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	99.29	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 20 experiment(s), a significant marker in 12.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-149689	yes	8525.57
E-MTAB-10432	yes	6786.99
E-HCAD-4	yes	73.40
E-HCAD-5	yes	31.63
E-MTAB-9221	yes	25.64
E-CURD-122	yes	22.63
E-MTAB-8410	yes	22.38
E-MTAB-6701	yes	18.52
E-HCAD-10	yes	16.80
E-MTAB-8142	yes	13.12
E-HCAD-1	yes	8.78
E-GEOD-124858	no	1113.47
E-MTAB-10596	no	1008.76
E-MTAB-4850	no	638.22
E-MTAB-7051	no	598.76

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

42 targeting OST4, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P	100.00	69.33	1837
HSA-MIR-4668-3P	100.00	68.74	2635
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-3148	99.97	75.06	6478
HSA-MIR-12119	99.87	68.35	1653
HSA-MIR-4728-5P	99.85	69.39	4718
HSA-MIR-6785-5P	99.82	68.68	4428
HSA-MIR-3913-5P	99.78	67.26	968
HSA-MIR-149-3P	99.72	68.22	3963
HSA-MIR-6883-5P	99.69	68.05	3785
HSA-MIR-12124	99.68	69.17	2700
HSA-MIR-567	99.63	68.57	1219
HSA-MIR-3616-5P	99.55	67.02	989
HSA-MIR-573	99.55	67.44	955
HSA-MIR-3122	99.50	66.33	821
HSA-MIR-1275	99.47	67.90	2749
HSA-MIR-3915	99.45	68.49	1905
HSA-MIR-6513-5P	99.43	67.81	1071
HSA-MIR-297	99.40	69.58	1418
HSA-MIR-7109-5P	99.18	66.13	1057
HSA-MIR-3196	98.96	63.91	326
HSA-MIR-3154	98.94	66.55	1455
HSA-MIR-887-5P	98.82	65.90	1347
HSA-MIR-3149	98.77	67.13	1639
HSA-MIR-6887-5P	98.56	68.49	1295
HSA-MIR-5187-5P	98.54	67.94	952
HSA-MIR-6795-5P	98.52	68.51	1277
HSA-MIR-3180	98.46	64.68	348
HSA-MIR-3180-3P	98.46	64.68	348
HSA-MIR-6816-5P	98.46	64.35	364

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 29.4% of screened cell lines.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• This study determined the solution structure of human Ost4 in solvent system using NMR spectroscopy. (PMID:21609714)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	ost4	ENSDARG00000096118
mus_musculus	Ost4	ENSMUSG00000038803
rattus_norvegicus	Ost4	ENSRNOG00000074074

Protein

Protein identifiers

Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide–protein glycosyltransferase subunit 4 — P0C6T2 (reviewed: P0C6T2)

All UniProt accessions (1): P0C6T2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity. Specifically involved in maintaining stability of STT3A-containing OST complexes.

Subunit / interactions. Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. OST exists in two different complex forms which contain common core subunits RPN1, RPN2, OST48, OST4, DAD1 and TMEM258, either STT3A or STT3B as catalytic subunits, and form-specific accessory subunits. STT3A complex assembly occurs through the formation of 3 subcomplexes. Subcomplex 1 contains RPN1 and TMEM258, subcomplex 2 contains the STT3A-specific subunits STT3A, DC2/OSTC, and KCP2 as well as the core subunit OST4, and subcomplex 3 contains RPN2, DAD1, and OST48. The STT3A complex can form stable complexes with the Sec61 complex or with both the Sec61 and TRAP complexes.

Subcellular location. Endoplasmic reticulum. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Pathway. Protein modification; protein glycosylation.

Similarity. Belongs to the OST4 family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_001128165* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR018943	Oligosaccaryltransferase	Family
IPR036330	Ost4p_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR051307	OST4	Family

Pfam: PF10215

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 2.4.99.18 — dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycotransferase (BRENDA: 84 organisms, 135 substrates, 28 inhibitors, 38 Km, 0 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

29 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 15. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
TYR-ASN-LEU-THR-SER-VAL	0.05–0.6	3
ACETYL-ASN-ALA-THR	0.08–0.143	2
ALA-LEU-GLN-ASN-ALA-THR-ARG	0.3–0.358	2
ASN-ALA-THR	0.56–2.09	2
DIPHENYL-ALA-LEU-GLU-ASN-ALA-THR-ARG-NH2	0.072–0.23	2
TYR-GLN-SER-ASN-SER-THR-MET	0.08–0.127	2
AC-ASN-ALA-THR-NH2	2	1
AC-ASN-LEU-THR-NH2	1	1
ACETYL-ASN-LYS-THR	0.278	1
ACETYL-DFNAT-(4-NITROPHENYLALANINE)-NH2	0.0009	1
ACETYL-DFNVT-(4-NITROPHENYLALANINE)-NH2	0.0012	1
ACETYL-DQNAT-(4-NITROPHENYLALANINE)-NH2	0.0008	1
ACETYL-DVNAS-(4-NITROPHENYLALANINE)-NH2	0.003	1
ACETYL-DVNAT-(4-NITROPHENYLALANINE)-NH2	0.0011	1
ACETYL-DVNVT-(4-NITROPHENYLALANINE)-NH2	0.0014	1

UniProt features (6 total): topological domain 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, mutagenesis site 1, helix 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

7 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
9N9J	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.2
6S7O	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.5
6S7T	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.5
8PN9	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.61
9YGY	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	4.1
8B6L	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	7.6
2LAT	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P0C6T2-F1	89.55	0.74

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (1):

Position	Phenotype
23	decreases interaction with stt3a, stt3b and rpn1.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

5 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-446203	Asparagine N-linked glycosylation
R-HSA-9694548	Maturation of spike protein
R-HSA-9768727	Regulation of CDH1 posttranslational processing and trafficking to plasma membrane
R-HSA-9918432	Maturation of DENV proteins
R-HSA-9931295	PD-L1(CD274) glycosylation and translocation to plasma membrane

MSigDB gene sets: 124 (showing top): REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_PROTEIN_N_LINKED_GLYCOSYLATION, JOHANSSON_GLIOMAGENESIS_BY_PDGFB_UP, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, REACTOME_ADHERENS_JUNCTIONS_INTERACTIONS, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_GLYCOPROTEIN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, OSMAN_BLADDER_CANCER_DN, GOCC_TRANSFERASE_COMPLEX, REACTOME_REGULATION_OF_T_CELL_ACTIVATION_BY_CD28_FAMILY, GOCC_MEMBRANE_PROTEIN_COMPLEX, GOCC_NUCLEAR_OUTER_MEMBRANE_ENDOPLASMIC_RETICULUM_MEMBRANE_NETWORK, GOCC_ORGANELLE_SUBCOMPARTMENT, REACTOME_CO_INHIBITION_BY_PD_1, REACTOME_CELL_JUNCTION_ORGANIZATION

GO Biological Process (3): protein N-linked glycosylation (GO:0006487), obsolete protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine (GO:0018279), obsolete protein glycosylation (GO:0006486)

GO Molecular Function (1): protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (6): endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789), oligosaccharyltransferase complex (GO:0008250), oligosaccharyltransferase complex A (GO:0160226), oligosaccharyltransferase complex B (GO:0160227), endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-5 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Post-translational protein modification	1
Translation of Structural Proteins	1
Regulation of CDH1 Expression and Function	1
Dengue Virus Genome Translation and Replication	1
Regulation of PD-L1(CD274) Post-translational modification	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
oligosaccharyltransferase complex	2
glycoprotein biosynthetic process	1
binding	1
organelle membrane	1
nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network	1
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment	1
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	1
membrane protein complex	1
endoplasmic reticulum protein-containing complex	1
transferase complex	1
cytoplasm	1
endomembrane system	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1060 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
OST4	DAD1	P46966	995
OST4	RPN2	P04844	993
OST4	RPN1	P04843	992
OST4	DDOST	P39656	991
OST4	STT3A	P46977	982
OST4	STT3B	Q8TCJ2	970
OST4	TMEM258	P61165	904
OST4	TUSC3	Q13454	858
OST4	OSTC	Q9NRP0	820
OST4	MAGT1	Q9H0U3	754
OST4	KRTCAP2	Q8N6L1	726
OST4	SSR3	Q9UNL2	565
OST4	ALG5	Q9Y673	494
OST4	PSMD8	P48556	484
OST4	ALG13	Q9NP73	455

IntAct

10 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
UBQLN1	OST4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
MSGN1	OST4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
OST4	UBQLN1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
DAD1	RPN1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.530
OST4	ATL3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MSGN1	OST4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (111): OST4 (PCA), OST4 (Positive Genetic), OST4 (Two-hybrid), OST4 (Two-hybrid), OST4 (Affinity Capture-RNA), LIN54 (Affinity Capture-MS), SUPT6H (Affinity Capture-MS), GIGYF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NFXL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RIF1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZC3H13 (Affinity Capture-MS), RBM26 (Affinity Capture-MS), RNF10 (Affinity Capture-MS), KRTCAP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), PACRGL (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1Z7U3, B0BLS0, B1WNA1, B2ITV2, B2J4U1, B3MFK1, B3N7H1, B4GHS8, B4HSS0, B4J877, B4KQ08, B4MDV2, B4MJN5, B4P417, B4QH87, B5E1E8, P0C179, P0C427, P0C428, P0C6T2, P0CU66, P27387, P41608, P58246, P69674, P69675, Q06FP1, Q06RA5, Q0ZIZ2, Q14FD0, Q2JQR6, Q3M5W2, Q49KX1, Q4VZI7, Q6ENE7, Q6EYH5, Q6EYJ1, Q6EYJ9, Q7HIW5, Q7J193

Diamond homologs: A1Z7U3, B0BLS0, B3MFK1, B3N7H1, B4GHS8, B4HSS0, B4J877, B4KQ08, B4MDV2, B4MJN5, B4P417, B4QH87, B5E1E8, C7J0R5, C7J4U3, P0C6T2, P0CU66, Q54V54, Q8L986, Q99LX8, Q9LHK3, Q9SF57

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
OST4	“form complex”	“OST-A complex”	binding
OST4	“form complex”	“OST-B complex”	binding

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

3 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	2
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

174 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
2:27071320:CGTTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
2:27071321:GTTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
2:27071322:TTAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:27071323:TACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:27071325:C:CG	donor_loss	1.0000
2:27071349:T:A	donor_gain	1.0000
2:27071353:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
2:27071360:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
2:27070720:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9700
2:27070721:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9700
2:27071464:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9700
2:27070722:CT:C	acceptor_loss	0.9400
2:27070723:T:G	acceptor_loss	0.9400
2:27071592:G:A	donor_gain	0.9400
2:27071324:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9300
2:27071325:C:CC	donor_gain	0.9300
2:27071459:TCATC:T	acceptor_gain	0.9300
2:27071460:CATC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9300
2:27071460:CATCC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9300
2:27070722:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9200
2:27071462:TCC:T	acceptor_loss	0.9200
2:27071463:CCTG:C	acceptor_loss	0.9200
2:27071464:C:T	acceptor_loss	0.9200
2:27071465:T:G	acceptor_loss	0.9200
2:27070719:ACC:A	acceptor_gain	0.9100
2:27070720:CCC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9100
2:27071466:G:C	acceptor_loss	0.9100
2:27071595:TCTGA:T	donor_loss	0.9100
2:27071596:CTGAC:C	donor_loss	0.9100
2:27071597:TGACC:T	donor_loss	0.9100

AlphaMissense

238 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
2:27071420:C:G	G15R	0.993
2:27071443:A:T	L7H	0.990
2:27071443:A:G	L7P	0.983
2:27071395:A:T	V23D	0.980
2:27071419:C:A	G15V	0.978
2:27071419:C:T	G15D	0.977
2:27071410:A:T	L18H	0.976
2:27071431:G:T	A11D	0.976
2:27071401:A:T	L21H	0.975
2:27071420:C:A	G15C	0.973
2:27071387:G:C	H26D	0.972
2:27071452:T:A	D4V	0.965
2:27071398:A:T	V22D	0.964
2:27071401:A:C	L21R	0.962
2:27071458:A:T	I2N	0.962
2:27071410:A:C	L18R	0.960
2:27071390:A:C	Y25D	0.958
2:27071407:A:G	F19S	0.958
2:27071422:A:C	L14R	0.958
2:27071443:A:C	L7R	0.958
2:27071384:A:C	Y27D	0.954
2:27071378:C:G	A29P	0.953
2:27071420:C:T	G15S	0.953
2:27071392:A:G	L24P	0.951
2:27071453:C:G	D4H	0.950
2:27071385:G:C	H26Q	0.948
2:27071385:G:T	H26Q	0.948
2:27071410:A:G	L18P	0.947
2:27071427:G:C	N12K	0.947
2:27071427:G:T	N12K	0.947

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000267952 (2:27072428 G>C), RS1000791296 (2:27070469 A>G), RS1000822366 (2:27070677 G>C), RS1001155224 (2:27070943 A>C,G), RS1001257327 (2:27071817 T>C), RS1001708483 (2:27071634 C>A,G,T), RS1002379907 (2:27070894 G>C), RS1002410300 (2:27073561 G>A), RS1003827326 (2:27072509 G>A), RS1004199389 (2:27072186 T>A), RS1004717756 (2:27071616 C>G,T), RS1004826033 (2:27071788 G>T), RS1005692566 (2:27072562 C>A,G), RS1005998659 (2:27071086 G>A,C), RS1006029500 (2:27071359 T>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:618932 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

7 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST010697_14	Cortical surface area (min-P)	2.000000e-09
GCST010698_75	Subcortical volume (min-P)	2.000000e-13
GCST010699_41	Brain morphology (min-P)	2.000000e-08
GCST010700_38	Cortical thickness (MOSTest)	3.000000e-08
GCST010701_56	Cortical surface area (MOSTest)	4.000000e-16
GCST010702_20	Subcortical volume (MOSTest)	2.000000e-64
GCST010703_76	Brain morphology (MOSTest)	1.000000e-16

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004346	neuroimaging measurement
EFO:0004840	cortical thickness

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

21 total (human), top 21 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	decreases expression, affects expression	2
Smoke	decreases expression, increases abundance	2
aristolochic acid I	decreases expression	1
bisphenol F	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
lead acetate	increases expression	1
arsenite	affects binding, increases reaction	1
isobutyl alcohol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
chloropicrin	increases expression	1
pyrimidifen	increases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Cisplatin	increases expression	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Doxorubicin	affects expression	1
Gasoline	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Indomethacin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Rotenone	increases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	increases expression	1
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Aflatoxin B1	increases expression	1
Particulate Matter	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.