PAUPAR

Summary

PAUPAR (PAX6 upstream antisense RNA, HGNC:49670) is a long non-coding RNA gene on chromosome 11p13.

This gene is thought to produce a functional long non-coding RNA. Knockdown of this transcript results in genome-wide changes in gene expression, particularly of cell cyle genes, indicating a role in regulating differentiation. This transcript may bind to the promoter region of target genes and may also interact with the transcription factor Pax6 (paired box 6).

Source: NCBI Gene 103157000 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (lncRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:49670
Approved symbol	PAUPAR
Name	PAX6 upstream antisense RNA
Location	11p13
Locus type	RNA, long non-coding
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000281880
Ensembl biotype	lncRNA
Entrez	103157000
RNAcentral	URS0000732D2A — lncRNA, 2754 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 18 — 18 lncRNA

ENST00000506388, ENST00000530146, ENST00000630360, ENST00000642237, ENST00000642549, ENST00000642614, ENST00000642818, ENST00000643436, ENST00000643671, ENST00000643826, ENST00000643931, ENST00000644607, ENST00000645824, ENST00000645848, ENST00000645942, ENST00000646221, ENST00000646959, ENST00000647350

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000506388 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00002021715	31885294	31885374
ENSE00002067491	31816566	31816639
ENSE00002079640	31885541	31887043

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 114 present calls, max score 84.41.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.1292 / max 18.0315, expressed in 50 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
113605	0.0961	48
113604	0.0728	27
206240	0.0564	23

Top tissues by expression

114 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	84.41	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	75.47	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	70.82	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	70.79	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	70.78	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	70.76	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	69.93	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	68.29	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	63.91	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	59.31	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	59.19	silver quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	54.72	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	54.49	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	54.46	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	54.31	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	54.29	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	53.91	gold quality
brain	UBERON:0000955	53.77	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	53.20	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	53.14	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	52.75	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	52.50	silver quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	52.09	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	51.92	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	51.46	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	51.31	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	51.27	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	50.88	silver quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	50.63	gold quality
cortex of kidney	UBERON:0001225	50.62	silver quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	5.57

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• PAUPAR modulates HES1 expression by inhibiting histone H3K4 methylation. (PMID:27214741)
• PAUPAR and PAX6 sequentially regulate human embryonic stem cell cortical differentiation. (PMID:33544864)
• PAX6 upstream antisense RNA (PAUPAR) inhibits colorectal cancer progression through modulation of the microRNA (miR)-17-5p / zinc finger protein 750 (ZNF750) axis. (PMID:34288812)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.