PBX4

Summary

PBX4 (PBX homeobox 4, HGNC:13403) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19p13.11, encoding Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 4 (Q9BYU1).

This gene encodes a member of the pre-B cell leukemia transcription factor family. These proteins are homeobox proteins that play critical roles in embryonic development and cellular differentiation both as Hox cofactors and through Hox-independent pathways. The encoded protein contains a homeobox DNA-binding domain, but specific functions of the protein have not been determined. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 80714 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 35
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 76 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_025245

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:13403
Approved symbol	PBX4
Name	PBX homeobox 4
Location	19p13.11
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000105717
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	608127
Entrez	80714

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 7 — 3 protein_coding, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay, 2 retained_intron

ENST00000251203, ENST00000557978, ENST00000558222, ENST00000558276, ENST00000559735, ENST00000885656, ENST00000885657

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_025245 NM_025245

CCDS: CCDS12406

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000251203 — 8 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000866051	19570586	19570833
ENSE00002546624	19618511	19618687
ENSE00003311260	19561713	19562117
ENSE00003500625	19599292	19599365
ENSE00003537845	19564933	19565089
ENSE00003542895	19569449	19569584
ENSE00003551509	19563509	19563615
ENSE00003684675	19570109	19570299

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 174 present calls, max score 94.38.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 4.0003 / max 121.2479, expressed in 948 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
180154	3.7870	937
180153	0.2133	93

Top tissues by expression

252 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	94.38	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	94.31	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	93.43	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	85.05	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	84.85	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	81.40	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	81.31	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	80.13	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	78.78	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	78.29	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	78.29	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	78.07	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	78.04	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	77.66	gold quality
embryo	UBERON:0000922	77.58	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	77.58	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	77.37	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	77.20	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	76.14	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	76.11	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	74.69	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	74.50	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	74.50	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	73.91	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	73.70	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	73.60	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	73.49	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	73.48	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	73.23	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	72.86	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	5.43

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

3 targets.

Target	Regulation
FGF8	Unknown
LPAR1
PGK2

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

19 targeting PBX4, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-4282	99.99	75.36	6408
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-7162-3P	99.89	68.16	1682
HSA-MIR-12119	99.87	68.35	1653
HSA-MIR-12132	99.47	68.90	1341
HSA-MIR-4795-5P	99.11	66.90	876
HSA-MIR-3124-3P	98.87	68.95	2123
HSA-MIR-6889-3P	98.84	67.35	1198
HSA-MIR-3074-5P	98.82	66.56	1414
HSA-MIR-6878-5P	98.49	67.91	2142
HSA-MIR-4773	98.35	67.30	1710
HSA-MIR-1233-5P	98.19	66.71	1201
HSA-MIR-6778-5P	98.19	66.59	1239
HSA-MIR-4303	98.01	68.13	2304
HSA-MIR-6788-5P	97.80	66.41	1532
HSA-MIR-30C-1-3P	97.80	66.36	1499
HSA-MIR-30C-2-3P	97.80	66.45	1499
HSA-MIR-548AD-3P	94.39	66.04	350

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• up-regulation of PREP1 and PBX genes could be implicated in the modulation of the cellular response to chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis. (PMID:22185299)
• Sex (male)-specific association of rs16996148 SNP in the NCAN/CILP2/PBX4 and serum lipid levels is observed both the Mulao and Han ethnic groups. (PMID:22208664)
• Identifying the Potential Roles of PBX4 in Human Cancers Based on Integrative Analysis. (PMID:35740947)

Cross-species orthologs

10 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	pbx2	ENSDARG00000019717
mus_musculus	Pbx4	ENSMUSG00000031860
rattus_norvegicus	Pbx4	ENSRNOG00000010736
drosophila_melanogaster	exd	FBGN0000611
drosophila_melanogaster	hth	FBGN0001235
drosophila_melanogaster	vis	FBGN0033748
drosophila_melanogaster	achi	FBGN0033749
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000443
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00006796
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00017690

Paralogs (13): MEIS3 (ENSG00000105419), TGIF2 (ENSG00000118707), MEIS2 (ENSG00000134138), MEIS1 (ENSG00000143995), TGIF2LX (ENSG00000153779), PKNOX1 (ENSG00000160199), PKNOX2 (ENSG00000165495), PBX3 (ENSG00000167081), TGIF2LY (ENSG00000176679), TGIF1 (ENSG00000177426), PBX1 (ENSG00000185630), MEIS3P2 (ENSG00000188013), PBX2 (ENSG00000204304)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 4 — Q9BYU1 (reviewed: Q9BYU1)

Alternative names: Homeobox protein PBX4

All UniProt accessions (2): Q9BYU1, H0YL59

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Subcellular location. Nucleus.

Similarity. Belongs to the TALE/PBX homeobox family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_079521* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001356	HD	Domain
IPR005542	PBX_PBC_dom	Domain
IPR008422	KN_HD	Domain
IPR009057	Homeodomain-like_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR050224	TALE_homeobox	Family

Pfam: PF03792, PF05920

UniProt features (11 total): region of interest 3, sequence variant 3, chain 1, domain 1, sequence conflict 1, DNA-binding region 1, compositionally biased region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9BYU1-F1	74.29	0.38

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 83 (showing top): MODULE_511, GOBP_NEUROGENESIS, TGACCTY_ERR1_Q2, GOBP_ANIMAL_ORGAN_MORPHOGENESIS, GOBP_HEAD_DEVELOPMENT, AFFAR_YY1_TARGETS_UP, GOBP_EMBRYO_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_SENSORY_ORGAN_DEVELOPMENT, RGAGGAARY_PU1_Q6, GOBP_EMBRYONIC_ORGAN_DEVELOPMENT, GOCC_SEX_CHROMOSOME, GOCC_XY_BODY, chr19p13, GOMF_SEQUENCE_SPECIFIC_DNA_BINDING, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_TRANSCRIPTION_BY_RNA_POLYMERASE_II

GO Biological Process (8): eye development (GO:0001654), brain development (GO:0007420), animal organ morphogenesis (GO:0009887), positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893), embryonic organ development (GO:0048568), neuron development (GO:0048666), regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355), regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357)

GO Molecular Function (5): DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981), sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565), DNA binding (GO:0003677), DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (3): chromatin (GO:0000785), XY body (GO:0001741), nucleus (GO:0005634)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
animal organ development	3
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	3
DNA-templated transcription	2
sensory organ development	1
visual system development	1
central nervous system development	1
head development	1
anatomical structure morphogenesis	1
positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process	1
embryo development	1
neuron differentiation	1
cell development	1
regulation of gene expression	1
regulation of RNA biosynthetic process	1
transcription by RNA polymerase II	1
chromatin	1
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	1
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	1
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	1
DNA binding	1
nucleic acid binding	1
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	1
transcription regulator activity	1
binding	1
chromosome	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
sex chromosome	1
condensed chromatin of inactivated sex chromosome	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

666 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
PBX4	CILP2	Q8IUL8	823
PBX4	MEIS3	Q99687	822
PBX4	HOXA10	P31260	566
PBX4	NCAN	O14594	543
PBX4	HDAC1	Q13547	517
PBX4	PSRC1	Q6PGN9	513
PBX4	GALNT2	Q10471	507
PBX4	MMAB	Q96EY8	507
PBX4	CELSR2	Q9HCU4	471
PBX4	MVB12A	Q96EY5	449
PBX4	TRIB1	Q96RU8	447
PBX4	ZNF619	Q8N2I2	420
PBX4	YJEFN3	A6XGL0	418
PBX4	ETNK2	Q9NVF9	418
PBX4	SORT1	Q99523	415

IntAct

258 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
PBX4	IPO13	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.830
PBX4	TFIP11	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.830
IPO13	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.830
TFIP11	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.830
PKNOX1	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
PKNOX2	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
USP20	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
HOXC8	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
KDM1A	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
MEIS2	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PBX4	SERTAD1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PPL	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
HOXB2	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PBX4	PICK1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
MBD3	PBX4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PBX4	C14orf119	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PBX4	CCM2L	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560

BioGRID (91): PBX4 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Affinity Capture-MS), PBX4 (Affinity Capture-MS), PBX4 (Affinity Capture-MS), PBX4 (Affinity Capture-MS), PBX4 (Affinity Capture-MS), TFIP11 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Two-hybrid), PBX4 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1W2PQ72, A7J1T0, A7J1T2, A7MBB4, A8MZ59, D3ZXW3, M0R5D6, O36371, O43283, O43310, O73622, O95073, P03177, P10242, P21705, P46200, Q0P4H6, Q1HKZ5, Q1HVD1, Q1LVK9, Q22811, Q2NKQ1, Q3KSQ2, Q3UPF5, Q535K8, Q562B4, Q567C6, Q5R8X7, Q5ZI27, Q6DGX3, Q6INH1, Q6J1H4, Q6PEE2, Q6ZTZ1, Q71M44, Q7SXL7, Q80T85, Q8BFX3, Q8BIL2, Q8BKE5

Diamond homologs: A1YER0, A2D5H2, A6NDR6, A8K0S8, A8WL06, B3DM47, B4F6V6, O00470, O04134, O04135, O14770, O17894, O22299, O35317, O35984, O42406, O46339, O65034, O73916, O80416, O93307, O95343, O95475, P10842, P24345, P40424, P40425, P40426, P40427, P41778, P41779, P41817, P46608, P46609, P46639, P46640, P48731, P53147, P56661, P56662

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PBX4	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	FGF8	“transcriptional regulation”

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 69 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
anterior/posterior pattern specification	5	15.6×	7e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

76 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	61
Likely benign	3
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1802 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
19:19563504:CTCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
19:19563506:CACC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
19:19563508:C:CG	donor_loss	1.0000
19:19569375:C:A	donor_gain	1.0000
19:19570097:ACAGG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
19:19570098:CAGGC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
19:19570831:CCA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:19570832:CAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:19570834:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:19618526:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
19:19563507:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9900
19:19563508:C:CC	donor_gain	0.9900
19:19564926:CACT:C	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19564927:ACTC:A	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19564929:TCACC:T	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19564930:CA:C	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19564931:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9900
19:19564932:C:A	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19564932:C:CC	donor_gain	0.9900
19:19564983:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
19:19565086:AGACC:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:19565088:ACC:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:19565090:C:CA	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:19565091:T:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:19569374:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
19:19569443:CGTCA:C	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19569444:GTCA:G	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19569445:TCA:T	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19569446:CACCT:C	donor_loss	0.9900
19:19569447:A:T	donor_loss	0.9900

AlphaMissense

2444 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
19:19565066:T:A	K264N	0.996
19:19565066:T:G	K264N	0.996
19:19565075:A:C	F261L	0.994
19:19565075:A:T	F261L	0.994
19:19565077:A:G	F261L	0.994
19:19565063:T:A	R265S	0.992
19:19565063:T:G	R265S	0.992
19:19569477:G:T	A247D	0.992
19:19569488:T:A	K243N	0.992
19:19569488:T:G	K243N	0.992
19:19570274:A:T	V156D	0.992
19:19565067:T:A	K264I	0.991
19:19570265:A:G	L159P	0.991
19:19565080:A:G	W260R	0.990
19:19565080:A:T	W260R	0.990
19:19565088:A:T	V257D	0.990
19:19569530:A:C	F229L	0.989
19:19569530:A:T	F229L	0.989
19:19569532:A:G	F229L	0.989
19:19565078:C:A	W260C	0.988
19:19565078:C:G	W260C	0.988
19:19569531:A:G	F229S	0.988
19:19570285:G:C	F152L	0.988
19:19570285:G:T	F152L	0.988
19:19570287:A:G	F152L	0.988
19:19565061:A:G	I266T	0.985
19:19565076:A:G	F261S	0.984
19:19599302:C:A	K61N	0.984
19:19599302:C:G	K61N	0.984
19:19565064:C:G	R265T	0.983

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000021089 (19:19607306 G>A), RS1000048719 (19:19568208 C>A,T), RS1000065171 (19:19563993 T>A,C), RS1000146440 (19:19589452 C>A), RS1000251754 (19:19577871 TAAAAAA>T,TAAAAA,TAAAAAAA), RS1000275029 (19:19577059 C>T), RS1000283786 (19:19618851 T>C), RS1000384065 (19:19594656 C>T), RS1000410067 (19:19602453 T>C), RS1000518247 (19:19589280 T>C), RS1000545573 (19:19573752 T>C), RS1000563203 (19:19609297 C>A), RS1000626781 (19:19605661 G>A), RS1000685853 (19:19599667 A>G,T), RS1000738750 (19:19619172 G>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:608127 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

35 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000134_2	LDL cholesterol	3.000000e-08
GCST000138_9	Triglycerides	4.000000e-09
GCST000286_11	Triglycerides	4.000000e-11
GCST000287_4	LDL cholesterol	2.000000e-08
GCST000758_7	Triglycerides	2.000000e-29
GCST000759_15	LDL cholesterol	7.000000e-22
GCST000760_8	Cholesterol, total	3.000000e-38
GCST001762_394	Obesity-related traits	4.000000e-06
GCST002149_11	Schizophrenia	3.000000e-09
GCST002539_89	Schizophrenia	4.000000e-10
GCST003486_3	Response to fenofibrate (LDL cholesterol levels)	2.000000e-08
GCST003657_1	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptom score	1.000000e-07
GCST004625_213	Monocyte count	2.000000e-09
GCST004632_22	Lymphocyte percentage of white cells	9.000000e-10
GCST004764_1	LDL cholesterol change in response to fenofibrate in statin-treated type 2 diabetes	9.000000e-08
GCST004765_31	Total cholesterol change in response to fenofibrate in statin-treated type 2 diabetes	6.000000e-07
GCST004864_18	Perceived unattractiveness to mosquitoes	3.000000e-06
GCST006614_114	Total cholesterol levels	6.000000e-12
GCST006803_88	Schizophrenia	7.000000e-12
GCST007096_62	Pulse pressure	1.000000e-09
GCST007658_7	Triglyceride levels (parental genotype effect)	8.000000e-06
GCST007660_1	Triglyceride levels in response to fenofibrate treatment (parental genotype effect)	3.000000e-06
GCST007660_2	Triglyceride levels in response to fenofibrate treatment (parental genotype effect)	7.000000e-06
GCST007660_3	Triglyceride levels in response to fenofibrate treatment (parental genotype effect)	9.000000e-07
GCST008103_10	Bipolar disorder	1.000000e-09
GCST008115_2	Bipolar I disorder	3.000000e-09
GCST008116_4	Bipolar II disorder	4.000000e-06
GCST009240_416	Serum metabolite levels (CMS)	4.000000e-09
GCST009242_384	Serum metabolite levels	9.000000e-10
GCST010002_52	Refractive error	4.000000e-29

EFO canonical traits (16, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004611	low density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement
EFO:0004530	triglyceride measurement
EFO:0004574	total cholesterol measurement
EFO:0007804	LDL cholesterol change measurement
EFO:0007860	ADHD symptom measurement
EFO:0005091	monocyte count
EFO:0007993	lymphocyte percentage of leukocytes
EFO:0007806	total cholesterol change measurement
EFO:0008380	perceived unattractiveness to mosquitos measurement
EFO:0005763	pulse pressure measurement
EFO:0005939	parental genotype effect measurement
EFO:0009963	bipolar I disorder
EFO:0009964	bipolar II disorder
EFO:0004346	neuroimaging measurement
EFO:0004842	eosinophil count
EFO:0007991	eosinophil percentage of leukocytes

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

22 total (human), top 22 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
propionaldehyde	increases expression	1
pirinixic acid	affects binding, decreases expression, increases activity	1
bisphenol A	decreases methylation	1
titanium dioxide	increases methylation	1
butyraldehyde	increases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects response to substance, increases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
theaflavin-3,3’-digallate	affects expression	1
Temozolomide	increases expression	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases methylation	1
Hydrogen Peroxide	affects expression	1
Lipopolysaccharides	increases expression, affects response to substance	1
Methyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	1
8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate	increases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	increases methylation	1
Antirheumatic Agents	decreases expression	1
Acrylamide	increases expression	1
Particulate Matter	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.