PDZD8

gene
On this page

Also known as LYVACbA129M16.2FLJ34427

Summary

PDZD8 (PDZ domain containing 8, HGNC:26974) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 10q25.3-q26.11, encoding PDZ domain-containing protein 8 (Q8NEN9). Molecular tethering protein that connects endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria membranes.

Predicted to enable lipid binding activity and zinc ion binding activity. Involved in several processes, including mitochondrial calcium ion homeostasis; mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum membrane tethering; and regulation of cell morphogenesis. Located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact site.

Source: NCBI Gene 118987 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Gene–disease (curated): intellectual developmental disorder with autism and dysmorphic facies (Strong, GenCC)
  • GWAS associations: 5
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 149 total — 2 pathogenic
  • Phenotypes (HPO): 22
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_173791

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:26974
Approved symbolPDZD8
NamePDZ domain containing 8
Location10q25.3-q26.11
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesLYVAC, bA129M16.2, FLJ34427
Ensembl geneENSG00000165650
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM614235
Entrez118987

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 5 — 3 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 protein_coding

ENST00000334464, ENST00000482496, ENST00000489302, ENST00000489491, ENST00000868795

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_173791 NM_173791

CCDS: CCDS7600

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000334464 — 5 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00001219610117318872117318974
ENSE00001219617117340980117341102
ENSE00001335216117277274117285471
ENSE00001335220117374356117375440
ENSE00003479571117290186117290348

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 284 present calls, max score 99.31.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 18.2944 / max 2781.5895, expressed in 1796 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
11160317.89521796
1116010.151735
1116040.130433
1116020.117138

Top tissues by expression

287 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
spermCL:000001999.31gold quality
male germ cellCL:000001595.01gold quality
corpus epididymisUBERON:000435994.80gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000694.71gold quality
jejunal mucosaUBERON:000039994.50gold quality
buccal mucosa cellCL:000233694.38gold quality
bone marrowUBERON:000237194.00gold quality
pigmented layer of retinaUBERON:000178293.52gold quality
parotid glandUBERON:000183193.22gold quality
caput epididymisUBERON:000435893.17gold quality
right testisUBERON:000453492.80gold quality
bone marrow cellCL:000209292.70gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulataUBERON:000196692.66gold quality
left testisUBERON:000453392.65gold quality
seminal vesicleUBERON:000099892.51gold quality
trabecular bone tissueUBERON:000248392.34gold quality
substantia nigra pars compactaUBERON:000196592.22gold quality
testisUBERON:000047391.81gold quality
endothelial cellCL:000011591.10gold quality
calcaneal tendonUBERON:000370191.03gold quality
choroid plexus epitheliumUBERON:000391190.92gold quality
corpus callosumUBERON:000233690.74gold quality
medial globus pallidusUBERON:000247790.31gold quality
endometriumUBERON:000129590.29gold quality
globus pallidusUBERON:000187590.05gold quality
sural nerveUBERON:001548889.90gold quality
cartilage tissueUBERON:000241889.73gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039789.71gold quality
dorsal root ganglionUBERON:000004489.64gold quality
mucosa of sigmoid colonUBERON:000499389.58gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 8 experiment(s), a significant marker in 6.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-CURD-6yes2719.51
E-GEOD-76312yes1977.56
E-MTAB-7051yes497.08
E-HCAD-6yes154.09
E-CURD-112yes9.00
E-MTAB-6386no176.42
E-HCAD-5no2.17
E-ANND-3no0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

217 targeting PDZD8, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4795-3P100.0074.624024
HSA-MIR-5692A100.0074.406850
HSA-MIR-3613-3P100.0076.367965
HSA-MIR-126-5P100.0072.713180
HSA-MIR-3163100.0077.238605
HSA-MIR-1277-5P100.0073.955056
HSA-MIR-4510100.0066.602050
HSA-MIR-6127100.0066.762188
HSA-MIR-6129100.0066.462080
HSA-MIR-6130100.0066.692012
HSA-MIR-6133100.0066.482064
HSA-MIR-3134100.0066.43777
HSA-MIR-340-5P100.0072.504437
HSA-MIR-3646100.0073.565283
HSA-MIR-548C-3P99.9974.017587
HSA-MIR-371B-5P99.9975.344759
HSA-MIR-428299.9975.366408
HSA-MIR-223-3P99.9970.141140
HSA-MIR-453499.9966.581907
HSA-MIR-103A-3P99.9869.141595
HSA-MIR-10799.9869.141595
HSA-MIR-32-5P99.9875.211964
HSA-MIR-92A-3P99.9875.211960
HSA-MIR-92B-3P99.9875.251955
HSA-MIR-373-5P99.9875.364753
HSA-MIR-616-5P99.9875.584775
HSA-MIR-25-3P99.9874.601817
HSA-MIR-363-3P99.9874.721821
HSA-MIR-367-3P99.9874.831819
HSA-MIR-569699.9872.364487

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 7)

  • A mutant of PDZD8 lacking the coiled-coil domain in its Gag-interacting region failed to bind Gag and promote HIV-1 infection. (PMID:20573829)
  • PDZD8 is a novel moesin-interacting protein that suppresses infection by herpes simplex virus type 1. (PMID:21549406)
  • The PDZD8 coiled-coil domain is sufficient for HIV-1 capsid binding, but other parts of the protein, including the PDZ domain, are apparently required for stabilizing the capsid and supporting HIV-1 infection. (PMID:24554657)
  • PDZD8 is not absolutely necessary for HIV-1 infection. (PMID:25771112)
  • PDZD8 tethers the endoplasmic reticulum to late endosomes and lysosomes via an interaction with Rab7. (PMID:31636202)
  • Protrudin and PDZD8 contribute to neuronal integrity by promoting lipid extraction required for endosome maturation. (PMID:32917905)
  • PDZD8 Disruption Causes Cognitive Impairment in Humans, Mice, and Fruit Flies. (PMID:35227461)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriopdzd8ENSDARG00000088699
mus_musculusPdzd8ENSMUSG00000074746
rattus_norvegicusPdzd8ENSRNOG00000009460
drosophila_melanogasterPdzd8FBGN0030358
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00008274

Protein

Protein identifiers

PDZ domain-containing protein 8Q8NEN9 (reviewed: Q8NEN9)

Alternative names: Sarcoma antigen NY-SAR-84/NY-SAR-104

All UniProt accessions (1): Q8NEN9

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Molecular tethering protein that connects endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria membranes. PDZD8-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria membrane tethering is essential for endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria Ca(2+) transfer. In neurons, involved in the regulation of dendritic Ca(2+) dynamics by regulating mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake in neurons. Plays an indirect role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. May inhibit herpes simplex virus 1 infection at an early stage.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with MSN. (Microbial infection) Interacts with HIV-1 Gag polyprotein p55.

Subcellular location. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Disease relevance. Intellectual developmental disorder with autism and dysmorphic facies (IDDADF) [MIM:620021] An autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability with autistic features, myopathy, and facial dysmorphism. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Domain organisation. The SMP-LTD domain is a barrel-like domain that binds phospholipids.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_776152* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR001478PDZDomain
IPR002219PKC_DAG/PEDomain
IPR031468SMP_LBDDomain
IPR036034PDZ_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR039275PDZD8Family
IPR041489PDZ_6Domain
IPR046349C1-like_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR058801PDZD8_NDomain

Pfam: PF00130, PF17820, PF26547

UniProt features (31 total): sequence conflict 6, modified residue 5, region of interest 4, compositionally biased region 3, sequence variant 3, helix 3, domain 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, turn 1, zinc finger region 1, coiled-coil region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
7F6JX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.1

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q8NEN9-F163.070.18

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (5): 496, 521, 538, 967, 980

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 230 (showing top): MYAATNNNNNNNGGC_UNKNOWN, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_MORPHOGENESIS, GOBP_MEMBRANE_DOCKING, GOBP_MITOCHONDRIAL_CALCIUM_ION_HOMEOSTASIS, WANG_LMO4_TARGETS_DN, MCLACHLAN_DENTAL_CARIES_DN, GAZDA_DIAMOND_BLACKFAN_ANEMIA_PROGENITOR_DN, ATF1_Q6, SCHAEFFER_PROSTATE_DEVELOPMENT_6HR_DN, E4F1_Q6, LASTOWSKA_NEUROBLASTOMA_COPY_NUMBER_DN, GOBP_MONOATOMIC_ION_HOMEOSTASIS, ZHANG_BREAST_CANCER_PROGENITORS_UP, GOBP_LIPID_LOCALIZATION, GOBP_ORGANELLE_LOCALIZATION

GO Biological Process (5): lipid transport (GO:0006869), cytoskeleton organization (GO:0007010), regulation of cell morphogenesis (GO:0022604), mitochondrial calcium ion homeostasis (GO:0051560), obsolete mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum membrane tethering (GO:1990456)

GO Molecular Function (4): zinc ion binding (GO:0008270), lipid binding (GO:0008289), protein binding (GO:0005515), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (5): mitochondrion (GO:0005739), endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789), membrane (GO:0016020), mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact site (GO:0044233), endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
binding2
cytoplasm2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle2
transport1
lipid localization1
organelle organization1
cell morphogenesis1
regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis1
mitochondrion1
intracellular calcium ion homeostasis1
transition metal ion binding1
cation binding1
organelle membrane1
nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network1
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment1
cellular anatomical structure1
organelle membrane contact site1
endomembrane system1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1140 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
PDZD8ZFYVE27Q5T4F4861
PDZD8VAPBO95292690
PDZD8RMDN3Q96TC7668
PDZD8VPS13AQ96RL7643
PDZD8VPS13CQ709C8622
PDZD8BCAP31P51572595
PDZD8PACS2Q86VP3589
PDZD8STARD3Q14849585
PDZD8OSBPL5Q9H0X9583
PDZD8VAPAQ9P0L0561
PDZD8MFN2O95140545
PDZD8ITPR3Q14573540
PDZD8TEX2Q8IWB9530
PDZD8MCUQ8NE86524
PDZD8HSPA9P30036514

IntAct

184 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
CFTRESYT2psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.710
TMEM9BDNAJC13psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
pipBPDZD8psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.600
pipBPDZD8psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)0.600
IGF1RPIK3R2psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.590
INSRPIK3R2psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.570
BTN2A1POTEFpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
FSHRUPK3BL1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
EVA1CUPK3BL1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
ZNRF4UPK3BL1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
KCNS3UPK3BL1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
PCDHB16UPK3BL1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
CNGA3C2CD2Lpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
PCDHB7C2CD2Lpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
TREML2SNX2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
PCDHAC2TMEM223psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
BTNL3FAM171A2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
LRRTM1UPK3BL1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530

BioGRID (520): PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Proximity Label-MS), PDZD8 (Proximity Label-MS), PDZD8 (Proximity Label-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDZD8 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A8M9QN10, B9EJ80, D3YVL2, E9Q0S6, G3X9J0, O08774, O14523, O14924, O15013, O35711, O54960, P97433, Q08AE8, Q08DX0, Q12923, Q13009, Q1LXR6, Q1LYM3, Q3UHC7, Q4KMM3, Q4V8B0, Q5SXA9, Q5VWQ8, Q60610, Q64512, Q6AWC2, Q6DTM3, Q6NXJ0, Q6P730, Q6ZUJ8, Q7T2V3, Q7TNN8, Q80U12, Q80X80, Q8BPQ7, Q8C033, Q8CGE9, Q8IX03, Q8ND30, Q8NEN9

Diamond homologs: B2RTY4, B9EJ80, E7EZG2, Q8C170, Q8NEN9, Q9Z1N3, A1ZA47, A2RUV4, A4D2P6, A5PKA5, A8MUH7, D3YZU1, D3ZFD0, G5EDM4, O14745, O14907, O14910, O15021, O15085, O60307, O60759, O88951, O88952, P70441, Q0P5F3, Q0QWG9, Q15599, Q28619, Q2KIB6, Q32LE7, Q32LM6, Q3SZK8, Q3T0X8, Q3U214, Q3UHD6, Q4R6G4, Q52KW0, Q5EBL8, Q5F425, Q5I0L6

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

AEffectBMechanism
PDZD8“form complex”MSN/PDZD8binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 198 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Potassium Channels87.8×1e-03
R-HSA-42539376.6×9e-03
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport114.8×3e-03
Transport of small molecules193.5×6e-04

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
regulation of intracellular pH517.8×3e-03
transmembrane transport1212.0×4e-07
potassium ion transmembrane transport118.8×3e-05
potassium ion transport77.9×5e-03
monoatomic ion transport87.4×4e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

149 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic2
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance124
Likely benign15
Benign2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (2)

Variant IDHGVSClassification
1703715NM_173791.5(PDZD8):c.2197_2200del (p.Val732_Ser733insTer)Pathogenic
1703716NM_173791.5(PDZD8):c.894C>G (p.Tyr298Ter)Pathogenic

SpliceAI

1317 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
10:117290182:TTA:Tdonor_loss1.0000
10:117290183:TACCT:Tdonor_loss1.0000
10:117290184:A:AGdonor_loss1.0000
10:117290185:CC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
10:117290187:T:TAdonor_gain1.0000
10:117290354:A:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
10:117341001:A:Cdonor_gain1.0000
10:117374352:TCA:Tdonor_loss1.0000
10:117374353:CACC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
10:117285485:T:Cacceptor_gain0.9900
10:117285485:T:TCacceptor_gain0.9900
10:117290184:A:ACdonor_gain0.9900
10:117290184:ACCT:Adonor_gain0.9900
10:117290185:C:CCdonor_gain0.9900
10:117290185:CCT:Cdonor_gain0.9900
10:117290185:CCTC:Cdonor_gain0.9900
10:117290292:C:CCacceptor_gain0.9900
10:117290346:AAC:Aacceptor_loss0.9900
10:117290348:CCTT:Cacceptor_gain0.9900
10:117290349:CTTTG:Cacceptor_loss0.9900
10:117290350:T:Cacceptor_gain0.9900
10:117290351:T:Cacceptor_gain0.9900
10:117290351:T:TCacceptor_gain0.9900
10:117290354:A:ACacceptor_gain0.9900
10:117318854:A:ACdonor_gain0.9900
10:117318855:C:CCdonor_gain0.9900
10:117318871:CCGT:Cdonor_gain0.9900
10:117318919:A:Cdonor_gain0.9900
10:117340973:AACAT:Adonor_loss0.9900
10:117340974:ACAT:Adonor_loss0.9900

AlphaMissense

7499 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
10:117283464:A:GL1090P1.000
10:117283467:A:GL1089P1.000
10:117283473:A:GL1087P1.000
10:117283605:A:GL1043P1.000
10:117283674:C:TG1020D1.000
10:117283686:A:TV1016D1.000
10:117284094:C:GC880S1.000
10:117284095:A:GC880R1.000
10:117284095:A:TC880S1.000
10:117284102:A:CH877Q1.000
10:117284102:A:TH877Q1.000
10:117284104:G:CH877D1.000
10:117284107:A:GC876R1.000
10:117284128:A:GC869R1.000
10:117284136:G:TA866D1.000
10:117284147:C:AW862C1.000
10:117284147:C:GW862C1.000
10:117284149:A:GW862R1.000
10:117284149:A:TW862R1.000
10:117284162:A:CC857W1.000
10:117284163:C:GC857S1.000
10:117284163:C:TC857Y1.000
10:117284164:A:GC857R1.000
10:117284164:A:TC857S1.000
10:117284171:A:CC854W1.000
10:117284172:C:AC854F1.000
10:117284172:C:GC854S1.000
10:117284172:C:TC854Y1.000
10:117284173:A:GC854R1.000
10:117284173:A:TC854S1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000145569 (10:117364212 G>A,C), RS1000157247 (10:117364456 T>C), RS1000163174 (10:117315246 C>G), RS1000177810 (10:117334881 C>A), RS1000180248 (10:117289616 C>T), RS1000235334 (10:117298788 A>C,G), RS1000246357 (10:117281448 G>T), RS1000251533 (10:117348139 C>T), RS1000369591 (10:117296881 A>C), RS1000372655 (10:117306149 G>T), RS1000414101 (10:117312602 T>A), RS1000421142 (10:117289266 T>C), RS1000519157 (10:117291315 G>A), RS1000522064 (10:117375410 G>A,C,T), RS1000531409 (10:117344374 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:614235 | disease phenotypes: MIM:620021

GenCC curated gene-disease

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
intellectual developmental disorder with autism and dysmorphic faciesStrongAutosomal recessive

Mondo (1): intellectual developmental disorder with autism and dysmorphic facies (MONDO:0859281)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

22 total (22 of 22 shown, HPO-id order):

HPOTerm
HP:0000007Autosomal recessive inheritance
HP:0000175Cleft palate
HP:0000194Open mouth
HP:0000218High palate
HP:0000272Malar flattening
HP:0000316Hypertelorism
HP:0000369Low-set ears
HP:0000483Astigmatism
HP:0000545Myopia
HP:0000646Amblyopia
HP:0000722Compulsive behaviors
HP:0000729Autistic behavior
HP:0001249Intellectual disability
HP:0001250Seizure
HP:0001263Global developmental delay
HP:0001488Bilateral ptosis
HP:0001845Overlapping toe
HP:0002650Scoliosis
HP:0003593Infantile onset
HP:0007018Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
HP:0010529Echolalia
HP:0100023Recurrent hand flapping

GWAS associations

5 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST001559_2Early cardiac repolarization6.000000e-06
GCST003992_35Photic sneeze reflex1.000000e-28
GCST005951_66Body mass index4.000000e-08
GCST006940_177Neurociticism2.000000e-09
GCST007576_223Chronotype5.000000e-08

EFO canonical traits (5, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004885early cardiac repolarization measurement
EFO:0007887autosomal dominant compelling helio-ophthalmic outburst syndrome
EFO:0004340body mass index
EFO:0007660neuroticism measurement
EFO:0008328chronotype measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

PharmGKB variants

1 variants.

VariantGenesLevelScore#Clin annotsDrugs
rs14240PDZD8, SLC18A20.000

CTD chemical–gene interactions

33 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyreneaffects methylation, decreases expression3
Estradiolincreases expression2
Tobacco Smoke Pollutionincreases expression2
aristolochic acid Idecreases expression1
GSK-J4increases expression1
FR900359affects phosphorylation1
arseniteaffects binding, decreases reaction1
perfluorooctanoic aciddecreases expression1
aflatoxin B2decreases methylation1
di-n-butylphosphoric acidaffects expression1
perfluorooctane sulfonic aciddecreases expression1
abrinedecreases expression1
bisphenol Saffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Temozolomideincreases expression1
Sunitinibincreases expression1
Air Pollutantsdecreases expression, increases abundance1
Caffeinedecreases phosphorylation1
Dexamethasoneaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Doxorubicindecreases expression1
Formaldehydedecreases expression1
Indomethacinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Ivermectindecreases expression1
Leadaffects expression1
Ribonucleotidesaffects binding1
Tretinoinincreases expression1
Urethaneincreases expression1
Valproic Acidincreases methylation1
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthineaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridiniumincreases expression1
Cyclosporineincreases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.