PECR

Summary

PECR (peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase, HGNC:18281) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2q35, encoding Peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (Q9BY49). Participates in chain elongation of fatty acids.

Enables signaling receptor binding activity and trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity. Involved in phytol metabolic process. Located in peroxisome.

Source: NCBI Gene 55825 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): neurodevelopmental disorder (Limited, GenCC)
• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 63 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_018441

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:18281
Approved symbol	PECR
Name	peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase
Location	2q35
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	HSA250303, TERP, SDR29C1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000115425
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	605843
Entrez	55825

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 10 — 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 3 protein_coding, 2 retained_intron, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000265322, ENST00000442122, ENST00000461330, ENST00000464722, ENST00000464737, ENST00000474093, ENST00000487318, ENST00000497889, ENST00000896257, ENST00000912895

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_018441 NM_018441

CCDS: CCDS33375

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000265322 — 8 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001696405	216038388	216039360
ENSE00001904119	216081618	216081809
ENSE00003464222	216051449	216051545
ENSE00003472690	216058895	216058976
ENSE00003539617	216043904	216044015
ENSE00003634143	216049263	216049373
ENSE00003662718	216066385	216066518
ENSE00003682321	216065312	216065477

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 264 present calls, max score 98.72.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 12.1048 / max 298.3611, expressed in 1715 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
33763	7.6447	1685
33762	4.3947	937
33764	0.0654	28

Top tissues by expression

283 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
renal medulla	UBERON:0000362	98.72	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	98.65	gold quality
nipple	UBERON:0002030	97.35	gold quality
ventral tegmental area	UBERON:0002691	96.90	gold quality
cardia of stomach	UBERON:0001162	96.83	gold quality
synovial joint	UBERON:0002217	96.83	gold quality
trigeminal ganglion	UBERON:0001675	96.71	gold quality
subthalamic nucleus	UBERON:0001906	96.65	gold quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	96.58	gold quality
dorsal root ganglion	UBERON:0000044	96.45	gold quality
superior surface of tongue	UBERON:0007371	96.45	gold quality
pylorus	UBERON:0001166	96.39	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	96.37	silver quality
superior vestibular nucleus	UBERON:0007227	96.37	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	96.29	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	96.14	gold quality
inferior vagus X ganglion	UBERON:0005363	96.05	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	96.04	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	95.98	gold quality
saphenous vein	UBERON:0007318	95.63	gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamus	UBERON:0002736	95.50	gold quality
vena cava	UBERON:0004087	95.48	gold quality
pharyngeal mucosa	UBERON:0000355	95.36	gold quality
jejunum	UBERON:0002115	95.35	gold quality
urethra	UBERON:0000057	95.05	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	94.96	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	94.92	gold quality
body of tongue	UBERON:0011876	94.78	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	94.77	gold quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	94.52	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	4.87

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AR, ESR1, POU1F1

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

73 targeting PECR, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-LET-7A-3P	100.00	74.03	3932
HSA-LET-7B-3P	100.00	74.08	3913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P	100.00	74.02	3928
HSA-MIR-98-3P	100.00	74.08	3907
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-12136	99.98	72.81	5713
HSA-MIR-4715-3P	99.98	66.03	670
HSA-MIR-8068	99.98	73.85	2376
HSA-MIR-568	99.98	69.86	2084
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-6778-3P	99.96	67.29	2693
HSA-MIR-559	99.95	72.28	3609
HSA-MIR-548AB	99.95	71.31	3488
HSA-MIR-3910	99.95	71.13	2227
HSA-MIR-548A-5P	99.94	71.27	3482
HSA-MIR-548AD-5P	99.94	71.23	3502
HSA-MIR-548AE-5P	99.94	71.23	3502
HSA-MIR-548AK	99.94	71.24	3488
HSA-MIR-548AM-5P	99.94	71.24	3488
HSA-MIR-548AP-5P	99.94	71.14	3489
HSA-MIR-548AQ-5P	99.94	71.34	3426
HSA-MIR-548AR-5P	99.94	71.28	3515
HSA-MIR-548AS-5P	99.94	71.22	3482
HSA-MIR-548AU-5P	99.94	71.24	3488
HSA-MIR-548AY-5P	99.94	71.23	3502
HSA-MIR-548B-5P	99.94	71.23	3502
HSA-MIR-548BB-5P	99.94	71.27	3509
HSA-MIR-548C-5P	99.94	71.24	3488
HSA-MIR-548D-5P	99.94	71.23	3502

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• Human trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (TER) is responsible for the reduction of phytenoyl-CoA to phytanoyl-CoA in peroxisomes. (PMID:16546181)
• Biochemical studies and structural analysis suggest that pDCRs can catalyze the shortening of six-carbon-long substrates in vitro. (PMID:22745130)
• Trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase limits Ca(2+) accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum by inhibiting the Ca(2+) pump SERCA2b. (PMID:33482198)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	pecr	ENSDARG00000055976
mus_musculus	Pecr	ENSMUSG00000026189
rattus_norvegicus	Pecr	ENSRNOG00000055295

Protein

Protein identifiers

Peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase — Q9BY49 (reviewed: Q9BY49)

Alternative names: 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase-related protein, HPDHase, Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 29C member 1, pVI-ARL

All UniProt accessions (2): Q9BY49, B4DJS2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Participates in chain elongation of fatty acids. Catalyzes the reduction of trans-2-enoyl-CoAs of varying chain lengths from 6:1 to 16:1, having maximum activity with 10:1 CoA. Has no 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase activity.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with PEX5, probably required to target it into peroxisomes.

Subcellular location. Peroxisome.

Induction. Not induced by IR.

Pathway. Lipid metabolism; fatty acid biosynthesis.

Similarity. Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9BY49-1	1	yes
Q9BY49-2	2

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_060911* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002347	SDR_fam	Family
IPR036291	NAD(P)-bd_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR052388	Peroxisomal_t2-enoyl-CoA_red	Family

Pfam: PF13561

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 1.3.1.38 — trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (NADPH) (BRENDA: 11 organisms, 27 substrates, 18 inhibitors, 16 Km, 2 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

10 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 10. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
NADPH	0.0049–0.106	4
TRANS-2-DECENOYL-COA	0.0071–0.018	3
2-DODECENOYL-COA	0.0043–0.0054	2
NADH	0.0152–0.0352	2
TRANS-2-CROTONYL-COA	0.072	1
TRANS-2-DODECENOYL-COA	0.0037	1
TRANS-2-HEXENOYL-COA	0.048	1
TRANS-2-OCTENOYL-COA	0.011	1
TRANS-PHYTENOYL-COA	0.018	1
(4E)-DEC-4-ENOYL-COA	—	0

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 6 shown:

• a (2E)-enoyl-CoA + NADPH + H(+) = a 2,3-saturated acyl-CoA + NADP(+) (RHEA:33763)
• (2E)-octenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H(+) = octanoyl-CoA + NADP(+) (RHEA:44952)
• (2E)-hexenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H(+) = hexanoyl-CoA + NADP(+) (RHEA:44956)
• (2E)-decenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H(+) = decanoyl-CoA + NADP(+) (RHEA:44960)
• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H(+) = dodecanoyl-CoA + NADP(+) (RHEA:44964)
• (2E)-tetradecenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H(+) = tetradecanoyl-CoA + NADP(+) (RHEA:44968)

UniProt features (40 total): helix 16, strand 7, sequence conflict 4, modified residue 3, turn 2, sequence variant 2, chain 1, short sequence motif 1, mutagenesis site 1, active site 1, binding site 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
1YXM	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9BY49-F1	94.24	0.85

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 179 (proton acceptor)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (1): 23–47

Post-translational modifications (3): 32, 49, 179

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (1):

Position	Phenotype
303	abolishes localization to peroxisomes.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

2 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-389599	Alpha-oxidation of phytanate
R-HSA-9033241	Peroxisomal protein import

MSigDB gene sets: 158 (showing top): GOMF_OXIDOREDUCTASE_ACTIVITY_ACTING_ON_THE_CH_CH_GROUP_OF_DONORS, GOBP_MONOCARBOXYLIC_ACID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GGGTGGRR_PAX4_03, KEGG_BIOSYNTHESIS_OF_UNSATURATED_FATTY_ACIDS, GOBP_ORGANIC_ACID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_SMALL_MOLECULE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, SHETH_LIVER_CANCER_VS_TXNIP_LOSS_PAM4, GOBP_FATTY_ACID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_MONOCARBOXYLIC_ACID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_LIPID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_ORGANIC_ACID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_LIPID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOCC_MICROBODY_MEMBRANE, GOMF_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_BINDING, MODULE_207

GO Biological Process (4): fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:0006633), phytol metabolic process (GO:0033306), lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629), fatty acid metabolic process (GO:0006631)

GO Molecular Function (3): signaling receptor binding (GO:0005102), trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity (GO:0019166), oxidoreductase activity (GO:0016491)

GO Cellular Component (5): mitochondrion (GO:0005739), peroxisome (GO:0005777), peroxisomal membrane (GO:0005778), cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Peroxisomal lipid metabolism	1
Protein localization	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cytoplasm	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
fatty acid metabolic process	1
lipid biosynthetic process	1
monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process	1
diterpenoid metabolic process	1
primary alcohol metabolic process	1
fatty alcohol metabolic process	1
primary metabolic process	1
lipid metabolic process	1
monocarboxylic acid metabolic process	1
protein binding	1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor	1
catalytic activity	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
microbody	1
peroxisome	1
microbody membrane	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

3589 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
PECR	ACAA1	P09110	594
PECR	EHHADH	Q08426	574
PECR	ACOX2	Q99424	560
PECR	PKNOX2	Q96KN3	536
PECR	TMEM69	Q5SWH9	521
PECR	CCDC137	Q6PK04	507
PECR	CLEC19A	Q6UXS0	502
PECR	ACOX3	O15254	493
PECR	ZC3H10	Q96K80	471
PECR	CBLN3	Q6UW01	460
PECR	XIRP2	A4UGR9	451
PECR	PEX7	O00628	447
PECR	ECI2	O75521	415
PECR	PLTP	P55058	413
PECR	LAMB4	A4D0S4	412

IntAct

38 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
GRAP2	STAMBP	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.810
TRIB1	DET1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
PECR	LCN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
TRIB1	UBE2E1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
HENMT1	SNX2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
POMGNT2	PECR	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
HENMT1	RAD51C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
POMGNT2	EIF4E2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
UBE2E3	RCBTB2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
N	RBM47	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PEX5	AGPS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	POLRMT	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	SUPT5H	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	GTPBP10	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	GTPBP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RNF181	CHEK1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RAP2A	CHEK1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (40): ACTA2 (Affinity Capture-MS), ACY1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LCN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), UBA5 (Affinity Capture-MS), PECR (Affinity Capture-MS), HNRNPF (Affinity Capture-MS), PECR (Affinity Capture-MS), PECR (Affinity Capture-MS), PECR (Affinity Capture-MS), LCN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), UBA5 (Affinity Capture-MS), ACY1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PECR (Affinity Capture-MS), PEX5 (Affinity Capture-Western), PECR (Proximity Label-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A023I4F1, A0A084B9Z1, A0A084R1K2, A0A097ZPE8, A0A0S2CGD3, A0A142I726, A0A144Y7G4, A0A162J3X8, A0A1B2CTA9, A0A1J0HSK7, A0A1L9WLE6, A0A443HJZ3, A0A455LLX2, A0A4P8DJW5, A0A8J9S3B0, A3F5F0, B6H062, B8M9K8, D7PI11, G0RH19, G0RNA2, G4N292, G9N4A1, G9N4A2, G9N4A6, L0E2Z4, L0E4F8, L7WRR9, M2Y1A3, M2YJK1, P32573, P9WEF8, Q00674, Q5AR48, Q5RCH8, Q6NV34, Q7SHI1, Q7Z9I3, Q7Z9I4, Q93761

Diamond homologs: A0A023I4F1, A0A078IS66, A0A078ISJ6, A0A0C6DRT7, A0A0U5CNP2, A0A1B7YCL6, A0A1V0QS34, A0A2H3CNT9, A0A2H3CZZ2, A0A2H3D905, A0A4P8W851, A0A823A767, A2RVM0, A6QP05, B2X050, B6H062, B8A5W4, C8V3Y7, C8VI80, D4AK45, D7UQ42, D7UTD0, F4JJR8, O34717, O48741, O66148, O74959, O80333, P0AFP4, P0AFP5, P21218, P35320, P39577, P46331, P59837, Q01289, Q03326, Q0UK52, Q17QU7, Q17QW3

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

63 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	54
Likely benign	0
Benign	3

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

2106 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
2:215996440:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996461:TATCA:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996462:ATCA:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996463:TCA:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996463:TCAC:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:215996464:CA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996464:CAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996466:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996466:C:CG	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:215996467:T:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:215996469:T:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996469:T:TC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996471:G:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996473:A:AC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:215996473:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:216043900:TCAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:216043901:CA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
2:216043902:A:AG	donor_loss	1.0000
2:216044016:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:216044016:C:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:216049258:CTTAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
2:216049259:TTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:216049260:TACCT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:216049261:ACCT:A	donor_gain	1.0000
2:216049262:CCTC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:216049264:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
2:216049373:CCTG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:216049376:G:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:216049376:G:GC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:216049379:T:TC	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

1959 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
2:216065400:A:C	F112L	0.997
2:216065400:A:T	F112L	0.997
2:216065402:A:G	F112L	0.997
2:216051456:A:T	V199D	0.995
2:216058933:A:C	N156K	0.994
2:216058933:A:T	N156K	0.994
2:216058937:A:T	V155D	0.994
2:216065418:G:C	N106K	0.994
2:216065418:G:T	N106K	0.994
2:216066398:C:G	R82P	0.994
2:216051461:A:C	N197K	0.993
2:216051461:A:T	N197K	0.993
2:216065366:A:G	W124R	0.993
2:216065366:A:T	W124R	0.993
2:216049282:C:G	R232P	0.992
2:216051510:A:G	L181P	0.992
2:216081674:A:T	V23D	0.992
2:216051487:A:G	W189R	0.991
2:216051487:A:T	W189R	0.991
2:216065341:A:G	L132P	0.991
2:216081629:A:G	L38P	0.991
2:216081666:C:A	G26W	0.991
2:216051468:C:G	R195P	0.990
2:216044002:A:T	V243D	0.988
2:216066495:G:T	R50S	0.987
2:216081650:C:T	G31E	0.987
2:216049276:C:T	G234D	0.986
2:216051458:A:C	C198W	0.986
2:216081668:C:T	G25D	0.986
2:216065321:A:G	C139R	0.985

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000016210 (2:216037689 C>A,T), RS1000047597 (2:216036222 C>T), RS1000060809 (2:216060430 G>A), RS1000201554 (2:216053809 C>G,T), RS1000365963 (2:216047934 T>C,G), RS1000378204 (2:216053982 A>T), RS1000397457 (2:216036512 GGAGA>G,GGA), RS1000433361 (2:216060243 C>A,T), RS1000610392 (2:216036136 C>T), RS1000645213 (2:216077180 G>A), RS1000660778 (2:216047371 C>G), RS1000671144 (2:216029448 G>A), RS1000764124 (2:216029713 G>A), RS1000800654 (2:216047648 T>C,G), RS1000810811 (2:216064796 C>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:605843 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
neurodevelopmental disorder	Limited	Autosomal recessive

Mondo (1): neurodevelopmental disorder (MONDO:0700092)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000432_2	Alcohol dependence	1.000000e-08

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D065886	Neurodevelopmental Disorders	F03.625

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

53 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	affects expression, decreases expression, decreases methylation	3
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases expression, increases methylation	3
Benzo(a)pyrene	decreases expression	3
Cyclosporine	decreases expression, increases expression	3
Aflatoxin B1	affects expression, decreases expression, decreases methylation	3
Nickel	decreases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	2
Valproic Acid	increases expression	2
dicrotophos	decreases expression	1
methyleugenol	decreases expression	1
ochratoxin A	decreases expression	1
benzo(e)pyrene	decreases methylation	1
periodate-oxidized adenosine	affects expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
hexanoyl-coenzyme A	affects binding, affects cotreatment	1
decanoyl-coenzyme A	affects binding, affects cotreatment	1
lauroyl-coenzyme A	affects binding, affects cotreatment	1
bicalutamide	increases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
K 7174	decreases expression	1
GW 4064	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
GW 7647	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
bisphenol B	increases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
bisphenol S	increases expression	1
NSC 689534	affects binding, increases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
bisphenol AF	increases expression	1
Vorinostat	increases expression	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

202 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT04586348	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Prenatal Iodine Supplementation and Early Childhood Neurodevelopment
NCT04873115	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Sialanar Plus orAl rehabiLitation Against Placebo Plus Oral Rehabilitation for chIldren and Adolescents With seVere Sialorrhoea and Neurodisabilties,
NCT02559102	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Dexmedetomidine Sedation Versus General Anaesthesia for Inguinal Hernia Surgery in Infants
NCT02757079	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Study of the Efficacy and Safety of NPC-15 for Sleep Disorders of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders
NCT06915480	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Reducing Missed Appointments
NCT07377032	PHASE3	RECRUITING	TAP-GRIN: Interventional Study on Patients With GRIN-related Neurodevelopmental Disorders
NCT02909959	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Sulforaphane for the Treatment of Young Men With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT06081348	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Sertraline vs. Placebo in the Treatment of Anxiety in Children and AdoLescents With NeurodevelopMental Disorders
NCT06352372	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy of tPBM for Epileptiform Activity in Autism
NCT00503191	PHASE1	COMPLETED	NeuroModulation Technique Treatment of Autism
NCT04475848	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study to Investigate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Food Effect of RO6953958 in Healthy Participants
NCT06300398	PHASE1	COMPLETED	IAMA-6 Oral Dose Study in Healthy Adults
NCT01783041	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Effect of Early L-Carnitine Supplementation on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants
NCT05767385	PHASE2/PHASE3	RECRUITING	Fetal Cerebrovascular Autoregulation in Congenital Heart Disease and Association With Neonatal Neurobehavior
NCT05675098	EARLY_PHASE1	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Central Nervous System Stimulants and Physical Function in Children With Cerebral Palsy
NCT00783783	Not specified	COMPLETED	CYP2D6 Pharmacogenetics in Risperidone-Treated Children
NCT01778504	Not specified	RECRUITING	Studying Childhood-onset Behavioral, Psychiatric, and Developmental Disorders
NCT01850784	Not specified	UNKNOWN	High Energy Formula Feeding in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease
NCT01922791	Not specified	COMPLETED	Nutrition and Pregnancy Intervention Study
NCT01942525	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Influence of Intrauterine Growth Restriction on Amplitude-integrated EEG in Preterm Infants
NCT02003170	Not specified	COMPLETED	Etiology and Early Diagnosis of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
NCT02118649	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Enhancing Behavior and Brain Response to Visual Targets Using a Computer Game
NCT02557191	Not specified	TERMINATED	Biomarkers, Neurodevelopment and Preterm Infants
NCT02690675	Not specified	COMPLETED	Iron Supplement Effect on Child Development
NCT02694003	Not specified	COMPLETED	Better Nights, Better Days for Children With Neurodevelopment Disorders
NCT02792894	Not specified	COMPLETED	Family Networks (FaNs) for Children With Developmental Disorders and Delays
NCT02871674	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Good Night Project: Behavioural Sleep Interventions for Children With ADHD: A Randomised Controlled Trial
NCT02887157	Not specified	COMPLETED	Analyzing Retinal Microanatomy in ROP
NCT02898298	Not specified	COMPLETED	Positive Emotion Regulation Training in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults With and Without Developmental Disorder
NCT02912780	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Introduction of Microsystems in a Level 3 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
NCT03023293	Not specified	COMPLETED	n-3 PUFAs, Irisin and Maternal Glucose Metabolism From Pregnancy to Postpartum
NCT03023644	Not specified	COMPLETED	Improving Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Congenital Heart Disease: An Intervention Study
NCT03032991	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Early Biomarkers of Neurodevelopment in Offspring of Diabetic Mothers
NCT03088189	Not specified	TERMINATED	Effect of Parental Peri-conceptional Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Infant Neurocognitive Development in Offspring
NCT03096028	Not specified	COMPLETED	Developmental Origins of Mental Health Disorders
NCT03148782	Not specified	COMPLETED	Brain Plasticity Underlying Acquisition of New Organizational Skills in Children-R61 Phase
NCT03172104	Not specified	COMPLETED	Neurobehavioural Development of Infants Born <30 Weeks Gestational Age Between Birth and Five Years of Age
NCT03222375	Not specified	RECRUITING	SQUED™ Series 28.1 Home-use and Treatment of Autowave Reverberator of Autism
NCT03229928	Not specified	COMPLETED	Clinical Testing of a Real-Time Behavior Measurement Tool: Measuring Outcomes for CHAnge
NCT03232489	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Study for the Evaluation of the Feasibility of Applying Advanced MRI Scanning in Pediatric Clinical Practice