PFDN1

Summary

PFDN1 (prefoldin subunit 1, HGNC:8866) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 5q31.3, encoding Prefoldin subunit 1 (O60925). Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 72.2% of cell lines).

This gene encodes a member of the prefoldin beta subunit family. The encoded protein is one of six subunits of prefoldin, a molecular chaperone complex that binds and stabilizes newly synthesized polypeptides, thereby allowing them to fold correctly. The complex, consisting of two alpha and four beta subunits, forms a double beta barrel assembly with six protruding coiled-coils.

Source: NCBI Gene 5201 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 5
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 18 total
• Druggable target: yes
• Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 72.2% of screened cell lines
• MANE Select transcript: NM_002622

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:8866
Approved symbol	PFDN1
Name	prefoldin subunit 1
Location	5q31.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	PFD1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000113068
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	604897
Entrez	5201

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 5 protein_coding, 2 retained_intron, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000261813, ENST00000507185, ENST00000510217, ENST00000512707, ENST00000512925, ENST00000514611, ENST00000524074, ENST00000893784, ENST00000934220

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_002622 NM_002622

CCDS: CCDS4222

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000261813 — 4 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001254110	140245035	140246057
ENSE00002021425	140303041	140303101
ENSE00003586707	140281449	140281533
ENSE00003685183	140300416	140300582

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 294 present calls, max score 97.88.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 71.9297 / max 1373.9073, expressed in 1815 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
63785	71.9297	1815

Top tissues by expression

302 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	97.88	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	96.89	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	96.70	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	96.68	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	96.63	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	96.47	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	96.35	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	96.33	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	96.31	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	96.27	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	96.15	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	95.97	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	95.92	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	95.89	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	95.83	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	95.82	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	95.63	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	95.53	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	95.52	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	95.47	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	95.46	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	95.45	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	95.37	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	95.36	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	95.25	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	95.14	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	95.10	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	94.94	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	94.91	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	94.91	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	12.90

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

43 targeting PFDN1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4283	100.00	66.42	2097
HSA-MIR-4803	99.98	71.99	3117
HSA-MIR-302C-5P	99.97	72.56	3642
HSA-MIR-6888-3P	99.97	65.95	1170
HSA-MIR-1-3P	99.93	72.35	1914
HSA-MIR-206	99.93	72.50	1893
HSA-MIR-450B-5P	99.92	71.48	3175
HSA-MIR-613	99.91	71.50	1710
HSA-MIR-4492	99.87	68.25	3611
HSA-MIR-4728-5P	99.85	69.39	4718
HSA-MIR-6785-5P	99.82	68.68	4428
HSA-MIR-149-3P	99.72	68.22	3963
HSA-MIR-6883-5P	99.69	68.05	3785
HSA-MIR-6892-3P	99.68	66.40	1178
HSA-MIR-3202	99.66	67.70	2737
HSA-MIR-6134	99.63	65.68	1537
HSA-MIR-4663	99.62	65.33	957
HSA-MIR-4516	99.61	67.78	3390
HSA-MIR-1207-5P	99.49	69.11	2983
HSA-MIR-5584-5P	99.49	68.22	2814
HSA-MIR-4498	99.47	67.42	2360
HSA-MIR-3182	99.40	68.15	2454
HSA-MIR-7515	99.31	68.22	1795
HSA-MIR-4505	99.27	67.81	2678
HSA-MIR-4685-5P	99.25	65.99	1563
HSA-MIR-6837-5P	99.25	65.47	1632
HSA-MIR-7974	99.24	65.48	1137
HSA-MIR-5787	99.22	67.86	2628
HSA-MIR-4763-3P	99.10	67.83	2649
HSA-MIR-939-3P	98.97	65.07	2347

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 72.2% of screened cell lines.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 5)

• antagonistic actions of PhLP3 and prefoldin serve to modulate CCT activity and play a key role in establishing a functional cytoskeleton in vivo (PMID:16415341)
• Studied PFDN1 as prognosis indicator for colorectal cancer and investigated the functions of PFDN1 in colorectal cancer. (PMID:26553318)
• High PFDN1 expression is associated with lung cancer progression. (PMID:27694898)
• Genome-wide significant (GWS) associations in single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based tests (P < 5 x 10(-8)) were identified for SNPs in PFDN1/HBEGF, USP6NL/ECHDC3, and BZRAP1-AS1. (PMID:28183528)
• Prefoldin and prefoldin-like complex subunits as predictive biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy. (PMID:35217267)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	pfdn1	ENSDARG00000014536
mus_musculus	Pfdn1	ENSMUSG00000024346
rattus_norvegicus	Pfdn1	ENSRNOG00000018653
drosophila_melanogaster	Pfdn1	FBGN0031776
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00007443

Protein

Protein identifiers

Prefoldin subunit 1 — O60925 (reviewed: O60925)

All UniProt accessions (3): D6RGG5, E5RGS4, O60925

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins.

Subunit / interactions. Heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha type and four PFD-beta type subunits.

Similarity. Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_002613* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002777	PFD_beta-like	Family
IPR009053	Prefoldin	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF01920

UniProt features (5 total): sequence conflict 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, modified residue 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

6 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
7WU7	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.85
6NR8	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	7.8
6NRD	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	8.2
6NRC	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	8.3
6NR9	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	8.5
6NRB	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	8.7

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-O60925-F1	93.33	0.86

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 2

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-389957	Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC

MSigDB gene sets: 121 (showing top): TGCGCANK_UNKNOWN, GGGTGGRR_PAX4_03, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELLULAR_COMPONENT_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_PROTEIN_MATURATION, GOBP_PROTEIN_STABILIZATION, GOBP_PROTEIN_FOLDING, GARY_CD5_TARGETS_DN, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_STABILITY, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, PEART_HDAC_PROLIFERATION_CLUSTER_DN, MORF_PML, MORF_IKBKG, TGGAAA_NFAT_Q4_01, chr5q31, BLALOCK_ALZHEIMERS_DISEASE_DN

GO Biological Process (2): protein folding (GO:0006457), negative regulation of amyloid fibril formation (GO:1905907)

GO Molecular Function (4): amyloid-beta binding (GO:0001540), protein folding chaperone (GO:0044183), obsolete unfolded protein binding (GO:0051082), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (3): cytoplasm (GO:0005737), prefoldin complex (GO:0016272), protein-containing complex (GO:0032991)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Cooperation of Prefoldin and TriC/CCT in actin and tubulin folding	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular process	1
protein maturation	1
negative regulation of protein metabolic process	1
negative regulation of supramolecular fiber organization	1
regulation of amyloid fibril formation	1
amyloid fibril formation	1
peptide binding	1
molecular_function	1
protein folding	1
binding	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
protein-containing complex	1
cellular_component	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1834 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
PFDN1	VBP1	P61758	993
PFDN1	PFDN4	Q9NQP4	986
PFDN1	PFDN2	Q9UHV9	986
PFDN1	PFDN5	Q99471	980
PFDN1	PFDN6	O15212	962
PFDN1	ACTBL2	Q562R1	786
PFDN1	TCP1	P17987	716
PFDN1	PFN1	P07737	635
PFDN1	CCT3	P49368	607
PFDN1	UXT	Q9UBK9	572
PFDN1	YEATS4	O95619	538
PFDN1	URI1	O94763	536
PFDN1	TBCA	O75347	517
PFDN1	HBEGF	Q99075	477
PFDN1	ACTB	P02570	473

IntAct

136 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
PRKAG3	PRKAB2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.800
GIT1	PFDN1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.750
PFDN2	PFDN1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.740
PFDN1	PFDN2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.740
PFDN4	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
VBP1	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
MAPK7	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
CCT2	PPP6C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
PFDN1	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
GNB1	GNG7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
DCAF12L2	CETN3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
DCAF7	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.570
PFDN1	DMAP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
IMMT	PFDN1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.550
GNB2	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
DCAF5	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
KLHDC2	PFDN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
HDAC1	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SKIC8	PFDN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CCT6A	TXNDC9	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ELSPBP1	PFDN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PFDN1	ARHGAP32	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530

BioGRID (273): PFDN1 (Co-fractionation), PFDN2 (Co-fractionation), PFDN5 (Co-fractionation), PFDN6 (Co-fractionation), VBP1 (Co-fractionation), PFDN1 (Proximity Label-MS), PFDN1 (Proximity Label-MS), PFDN1 (Proximity Label-MS), PFDN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PFDN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PFDN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PFDN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PFDN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PFDN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PFDN1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1A4P5, A7Y521, B0BN18, D3ZKU7, E2R766, F1LMZ8, F1LSG8, O00231, O08522, O55102, O60925, O70591, O75347, O88544, O94826, P48427, P48428, P80585, P97834, Q13098, Q2KI42, Q2NKW0, Q2TBU3, Q32L19, Q3SZ60, Q3SZA0, Q3SZE2, Q3T075, Q4R5E6, Q4SPU8, Q5D016, Q5RAM7, Q5RBL6, Q5ZKV9, Q5ZL19, Q61187, Q6I9Y2, Q6IRE4, Q6NRT5, Q6PEC1

Diamond homologs: O60925, Q17827, Q3SZE2, Q4SPU8, Q5D016, Q5RAM7, Q61SU8, Q94AF7, Q9CWM4, O14334, P46988, Q54JS0

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PFDN1	“form complex”	“Prefoldin co-chaperone”	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 136 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC	11	45.6×	1e-13
Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC	9	40.1×	2e-10
Cooperation of Prefoldin and TriC/CCT in actin and tubulin folding	9	38.6×	2e-10
Chaperonin-mediated protein folding	9	28.5×	3e-09
Activation of AMPK downstream of NMDARs	7	28.1×	3e-07
Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding	8	25.3×	7e-08
Protein folding	9	24.6×	9e-09
Selective autophagy	7	20.5×	3e-06

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	5	31.1×	1e-04
mitotic spindle organization	5	11.5×	7e-03
mitotic cell cycle	8	9.1×	4e-04
protein folding	10	8.8×	7e-05
microtubule cytoskeleton organization	8	8.2×	7e-04
protein stabilization	11	6.2×	3e-04

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

18 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	9
Likely benign	1
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

655 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
5:140246053:TTCTG:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140246055:CTG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140246058:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140281442:AACTT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140281443:ACTT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140281444:CTTAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140281445:TTACT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140281446:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140281447:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
5:140281447:ACT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140281447:ACTT:A	donor_gain	1.0000
5:140281448:C:A	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140281448:C:CA	donor_gain	1.0000
5:140281448:CT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:140281448:CTT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:140281448:CTTC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:140281448:CTTCT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:140281450:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
5:140281529:TAAAC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140281530:AAAC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140281531:AAC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140281533:CC:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
5:140281533:CCTA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140281534:C:CA	acceptor_loss	1.0000
5:140281534:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140281536:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:140300410:ACTT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140300412:TTAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140300413:TACAT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
5:140300414:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

810 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
5:140246021:C:G	A108P	1.000
5:140281530:A:C	F68L	1.000
5:140281530:A:T	F68L	1.000
5:140281532:A:G	F68L	1.000
5:140246005:C:G	R113P	0.999
5:140281531:A:G	F68S	0.999
5:140300422:C:T	G65E	0.999
5:140300506:A:G	L37P	0.999
5:140300569:A:G	L16P	0.999
5:140300577:G:C	F13L	0.999
5:140300577:G:T	F13L	0.999
5:140300578:A:G	F13S	0.999
5:140300579:A:G	F13L	0.999
5:140303048:A:G	L9P	0.999
5:140245996:A:G	L116P	0.998
5:140245999:A:G	M115T	0.998
5:140246008:A:C	I112S	0.998
5:140246008:A:T	I112N	0.998
5:140246041:A:G	L101P	0.998
5:140281453:A:G	L94P	0.998
5:140281495:A:G	L80P	0.998
5:140300418:T:A	R66S	0.998
5:140300418:T:G	R66S	0.998
5:140300419:C:G	R66T	0.998
5:140300422:C:A	G65V	0.998
5:140300423:C:G	G65R	0.998
5:140300423:C:T	G65R	0.998
5:140300435:A:C	Y61D	0.998
5:140300479:A:G	L46P	0.998
5:140300486:C:G	A44P	0.998

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000058291 (5:140278453 C>G), RS1000184013 (5:140272324 T>A,C), RS1000299545 (5:140278760 G>C), RS1000323924 (5:140265286 G>A), RS1000360692 (5:140254152 A>C), RS1000376549 (5:140264960 A>C), RS1000449686 (5:140268674 TACTC>T), RS1000450364 (5:140302551 C>A), RS1000572815 (5:140273381 G>A), RS1000639290 (5:140272147 G>A), RS1000692913 (5:140266981 A>C), RS1000790080 (5:140281353 T>A,C), RS1000846859 (5:140274308 CAT>C), RS1000869100 (5:140251603 C>T), RS1000935433 (5:140259695 A>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:604897 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

5 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002817_7	Alzheimer’s disease in APOE e4- carriers	3.000000e-07
GCST004246_1	Alzheimer’s disease	7.000000e-09
GCST006268_511	Reaction time	2.000000e-09
GCST008103_180	Bipolar disorder	9.000000e-06
GCST008115_56	Bipolar I disorder	8.000000e-07

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0008393	reaction time measurement
EFO:0009963	bipolar I disorder

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL6067021 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

2 potent at pChembl≥5 of 2 total, top 2 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
6.78	Kd	165.4	nM	CHEMBL5653589
6.49	ED50	326.7	nM	CHEMBL5653589

PubChem BioAssay actives

1 with measured affinity, of 2 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide	2148979: Binding affinity to human PFDN1 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	kd	0.1654	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

25 total (human), top 25 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation, increases methylation	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
alpha-pinene	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
bisphenol A	increases expression	1
sodium arsenite	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
manganese chloride	increases abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
methacrylaldehyde	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
cylindrospermopsin	increases expression	1
CGP 52608	increases reaction, affects binding	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
ICG 001	decreases expression	1
quinocetone	decreases expression	1
LDN 193189	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
Sunitinib	decreases expression	1
Acetaminophen	affects response to substance	1
Acrolein	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
Air Pollutants	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases oxidation	1
Arsenic	increases abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Diuron	decreases expression	1
Ivermectin	decreases expression	1
Manganese	decreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment	1
Ozone	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
Cadmium Chloride	increases expression	1
Volatile Organic Compounds	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation	1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL5652021	Binding	Binding affinity to human PFDN1 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	NVP-BHG712: Effects of Regioisomers on the Affinity and Selectivity toward the EPHrin Family. — ChemMedChem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.