PI3

Summary

PI3 (peptidase inhibitor 3, HGNC:8947) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 20q13.12, encoding Elafin (P19957). Neutrophil and pancreatic elastase-specific inhibitor of skin.

This gene encodes an elastase-specific inhibitor that functions as an antimicrobial peptide against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and fungal pathogens. The protein contains a WAP-type four-disulfide core (WFDC) domain, and is thus a member of the WFDC domain family. Most WFDC gene members are localized to chromosome 20q12-q13 in two clusters: centromeric and telomeric. This gene belongs to the centromeric cluster. Expression of this gene is upgulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides and cytokines.

Source: NCBI Gene 5266 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 4
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 14 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_002638

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:8947
Approved symbol	PI3
Name	peptidase inhibitor 3
Location	20q13.12
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	ESI, SKALP, ELAFIN, WAP3, WFDC14, cementoin
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000124102
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	182257
Entrez	5266

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 2 protein_coding

ENST00000243924, ENST00000971330

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_002638 NM_002638

CCDS: CCDS13344

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000243924 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000844914	45174902	45175001
ENSE00000844915	45175861	45176136
ENSE00001041476	45176370	45176544

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 193 present calls, max score 99.88.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 25.7605 / max 4179.4159, expressed in 467 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
184776	25.7605	467

Top tissues by expression

291 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	99.88	gold quality
penis	UBERON:0000989	99.63	gold quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	99.50	gold quality
nasal cavity epithelium	UBERON:0005384	99.14	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	99.04	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	98.54	gold quality
gingiva	UBERON:0001828	98.50	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	98.31	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	98.17	gold quality
nasal cavity mucosa	UBERON:0001826	98.10	gold quality
epithelium of esophagus	UBERON:0001976	97.75	gold quality
squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006914	96.81	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	96.69	gold quality
mouth mucosa	UBERON:0003729	96.62	gold quality
oral cavity	UBERON:0000167	96.35	gold quality
pharyngeal mucosa	UBERON:0000355	96.27	gold quality
cervix epithelium	UBERON:0004801	95.23	gold quality
body of tongue	UBERON:0011876	95.22	gold quality
palpebral conjunctiva	UBERON:0001812	95.14	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	93.44	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	93.15	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	93.07	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	92.96	gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynx	UBERON:0001951	92.50	gold quality
periodontal ligament	UBERON:0008266	91.67	gold quality
mucosa of paranasal sinus	UBERON:0005030	91.47	silver quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	90.57	gold quality
tongue	UBERON:0001723	89.98	gold quality
cervix squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006922	89.88	gold quality
saliva-secreting gland	UBERON:0001044	89.15	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	21.37
E-CURD-114	yes	18.23
E-MTAB-10596	no	3950.61

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AP1, CEBPB, CEBPD, CEBPG, CUX1, DDIT3, ELF1, ESR1, FOXA2, GLI2, HIF1A, IRF3, IRF6, JUN, LHX2, MYC, NFE2L2, NKX2-2, PAX6, SP1, SPI1, STAT5A, TFAP2A, TP53, TXK

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

18 targeting PI3, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4747-5P	100.00	67.90	2681
HSA-MIR-5196-5P	100.00	67.98	2761
HSA-MIR-10401-5P	99.99	65.79	948
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P	99.88	66.69	2776
HSA-MIR-1273H-5P	99.77	66.32	2471
HSA-MIR-1255A	99.74	68.09	744
HSA-MIR-1255B-5P	99.74	68.16	741
HSA-MIR-30B-3P	99.70	65.76	2325
HSA-MIR-3689A-3P	99.70	65.73	2306
HSA-MIR-3689B-3P	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-3689C	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-6779-5P	99.70	65.76	2363
HSA-MIR-7106-5P	99.53	67.47	3574
HSA-MIR-3978	99.24	68.39	2201
HSA-MIR-4796-3P	99.08	68.38	1681
HSA-MIR-3691-5P	98.62	65.88	552
HSA-MIR-4793-5P	96.88	65.90	872
HSA-MIR-4680-5P	96.43	67.15	893

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Genetically augmented elafin has the capacity to protect the lung in vivo and in vitro against the injurious effects of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens and whole activated neutrophils. (PMID:11466403)
• Synthesized locally at mucosal sites. Efficiently inhibit target enzymes released into interstitium. Might be important in controlling excessive neutrophil elastase release in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis. (review) (PMID:11667971)
• regulation of the elafin gene is dependent on chromatin structure in keratinocytes (PMID:12542536)
• results indicate that elafin may have a dual function, promoting up-regulation of local lung innate immunity while simultaneously down-regulating potentially unwanted systemic inflammatory responses in the circulation (PMID:12819058)
• elafin regulates proteolytic enzymes during menstruation and contributes to the innate defense against uterine infection (PMID:12970320)
• Serine elastase inhibition (elafin overexpression) appears to suppress inflammation, cardiac dilatation, and dysfunction after myocardial infarct. (PMID:14693682)
• Gene augmentation of human elafin suggests a novel and extended anti-inflammatory role for this human neutrophil elastase inhibitor working as an effector of innate immunity to protect tissues against maladaptive inflammatory responses. (PMID:15034071)
• The differential biological activity of elafin in different conditions suggests a role for this molecule in either LPS detoxification or activation of innate immune responses, depending on the external cellular environment. (PMID:15668324)
• Oxidized elafin poorly inhibits the elastolytic activity of leukocyte elastase and proteinase 3. (PMID:16279952)
• transglutaminase 2-mediated cross-linking of serine protease inhibitors elafin and trappin-2 to neutrophil serine proteinases preserves their inhibitory capacities (PMID:16300411)
• The pleiotropic molecule elafin has significant potential in modulating antigen-presenting cell numbers and activity, and could be beneficial in mucosal protective strategies. (PMID:16424380)
• The promoter sequences of PI3 have a high degree of variability. (PMID:16719916)
• beneficial effects of pre-elafin could be mediated, at least in part, by its ability to increase G-CSF levels in the lung (PMID:16913840)
• Elafin inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-induced production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in monocytes by inhibiting AP-1 and NF-kappaB activation. (PMID:16980310)
• The transglutaminase substrate moiety of elafin plays an important role in anchoring elafin at its proper sites of action during UV-induced aging processes. (PMID:17139263)
• Levels of mRNA and immunostaining of the antiproteases elafin and SLPI were enhanced strongly in inflamed versus noninflamed UC. Elafin and SLPI may be added to the list of defensin-like peptides with diminished induction in CD versus UC. (PMID:17200145)
• full antipeptidase activity of pre-elafin is essential to protect against lung tissue lesions (PMID:17489739)
• This review focuses on recent findings revealing that elafin has many biological functions as diverse as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory functions. (PMID:17964057)
• We report here that pre-elafin inhibits a secreted peptidase to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth in vitro. (PMID:18025118)
• High levels of PI3 is associated with glioblastoma (PMID:18092325)
• Results of a genome-wide expression analysis in blood identify pre-elafin as a biomarker in acute respiratory distress syndrome. (PMID:18203972)
• The five gene transcripts (aldolase B, elafin, MST-1, simNIPhom and SLC6A14) were changed in patients with ulcerative colitis, and were related to the disease activity. (PMID:18700007)
• elafin is cleaved by its cognate enzyme NE present at excessive concentration in CF sputum, an effect which is promoted by P. aeruginosa infection (PMID:18799464)
• The results suggest that decreased expression of elastin and LOX and increased expression of elafin in the cardinal ligaments may contribute to pelvic organ prolapse. (PMID:19087518)
• SLPI and elafin have a role in the innate immune defence of the Fallopian tube in infection and ectopic pregnancy (PMID:19095674)
• The hypothesis that an imbalance between neutrophil elastase (HNE) and its inhibitors in blood is related to the development of ARDS, was tested. (PMID:19197381)
• polymorphisms in PI3 gene are significantly associated with ARDS risk and with circulating PI3 levels (PMID:19251943)
• Overexpression of elafin in epithelial cells attenuated the damage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. (PMID:19420899)
• Elafin is a component of cervicovaginal secretions in pregnancy, and levels are diminished in bacterial vaginosis. (PMID:19723838)
• These results suggest that elafin can maintain airway epithelium integrity by protecting airway epithelial cells and enhancing the anti-inflammatory capability of airway. (PMID:19823954)
• increased production at the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle relative to the proliferative phase (PMID:19824918)
• Elafin has important roles in normal homoeostasis and at sites of inflammation. These roles include antiprotease and antimicrobial activity. (PMID:19906197)
• The synthesis of elafin is a novel effector function of gammadelta T cells which might be important for local immune defence (PMID:19906197)
• Elafin may serve as a determinant of poor survival in serous ovarian carcinomas (PMID:20126474)
• Elafin has a role in graft-versus-host disease of the skin (PMID:20371463)
• ability to modulate the expression of some P.aeruginosa virulence factors (PMID:20932308)
• The endometrium of women with hydrosalpinx has an increased number of neutrophils and lower expression of elafin, an elastase inhibitor and natural antimicrobial molecule. (PMID:21392745)
• these results collectively suggest that, in melanoma cells, Foxa2 expression is silenced and therefore elafin is maintained unexpressed to facilitate cell proliferation in the disease melanoma. (PMID:21466784)
• Studies indicate that Trappin-2/Elafin possessing anti-microbial properties against different classes of pathogens including viruses, fungi and bacteria. (PMID:22634606)
• The N-terminus of elafin is critical for intranuclear localization and anti-HIV-1 activity. (PMID:23300756)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
drosophila_melanogaster	CG5639	FBGN0039527
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00015620

Paralogs (9): SLPI (ENSG00000124107), WFDC3 (ENSG00000124116), WFDC13 (ENSG00000168634), WFDC12 (ENSG00000168703), WFDC5 (ENSG00000175121), WFDC11 (ENSG00000180083), WFDC9 (ENSG00000180205), WFDC10A (ENSG00000180305), WFDC10B (ENSG00000182931)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Elafin — P19957 (reviewed: P19957)

Alternative names: Elastase-specific inhibitor, Peptidase inhibitor 3, Protease inhibitor WAP3, Skin-derived antileukoproteinase, WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 14

All UniProt accessions (1): P19957

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Neutrophil and pancreatic elastase-specific inhibitor of skin. It may prevent elastase-mediated tissue proteolysis. Has been shown to inhibit the alpha-4-beta-2/CHRNA2-CHRNB2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and to produce a weak inhibition on Kv11.1/KCNH2/ERG1 and on the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1).

Subcellular location. Secreted.

Domain organisation. Consists of two domains: the transglutaminase substrate domain (cementoin moiety) and the elastase inhibitor domain. The transglutaminase substrate domain serves as an anchor to localize elafin covalently to specific sites on extracellular matrix proteins.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_002629* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002098	SVP_I	Repeat
IPR008197	WAP_dom	Domain
IPR019541	Trappin_transglut-bd_rpt	Repeat
IPR036645	Elafin-like_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR050514	WAP_four-disulfide_core	Family

Pfam: PF00095, PF10511

UniProt features (21 total): strand 6, disulfide bond 4, sequence variant 2, repeat 2, signal peptide 1, propeptide 1, sequence conflict 1, helix 1, chain 1, domain 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

3 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
1FLE	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
6ATU	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.4
2REL	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P19957-F1	72.19	0.39

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (4): 98–113, 76–105, 83–109, 92–104

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

2 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-6803157	Antimicrobial peptides
R-HSA-6809371	Formation of the cornified envelope

MSigDB gene sets: 149 (showing top): GSE45365_CD8A_DC_VS_CD11B_DC_IFNAR_KO_DN, GSE37336_LY6C_POS_VS_NEG_NAIVE_CD4_TCELL_DN, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, REACTOME_INNATE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_ANTIMICROBIAL_HUMORAL_RESPONSE, GOBP_BEHAVIOR, MCLACHLAN_DENTAL_CARIES_UP, JAEGER_METASTASIS_DN, MODULE_45, ONDER_CDH1_TARGETS_3_DN, BILD_HRAS_ONCOGENIC_SIGNATURE, GOBP_EPIDERMAL_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_DEFENSE_RESPONSE_TO_OTHER_ORGANISM, MODULE_379, SENGUPTA_NASOPHARYNGEAL_CARCINOMA_DN

GO Biological Process (5): copulation (GO:0007620), antibacterial humoral response (GO:0019731), innate immune response (GO:0045087), cornification (GO:0070268), peptide cross-linking (GO:0018149)

GO Molecular Function (4): endopeptidase inhibitor activity (GO:0004866), serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity (GO:0004867), structural constituent of skin epidermis (GO:0030280), peptidase inhibitor activity (GO:0030414)

GO Cellular Component (5): cornified envelope (GO:0001533), extracellular region (GO:0005576), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), cytosol (GO:0005829), extracellular matrix (GO:0031012)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Innate Immune System	1
Keratinization	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	2
mating behavior	1
antimicrobial humoral response	1
defense response to bacterium	1
immune response	1
defense response to symbiont	1
programmed cell death	1
keratinization	1
cornified envelope assembly	1
protein modification process	1
endopeptidase activity	1
peptidase inhibitor activity	1
endopeptidase regulator activity	1
serine-type endopeptidase activity	1
endopeptidase inhibitor activity	1
structural molecule activity	1
enzyme inhibitor activity	1
peptidase activity	1
peptidase regulator activity	1
plasma membrane	1
cytoplasm	1
external encapsulating structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1846 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
PI3	AKT1	P31749	991
PI3	SERPINA4	P29622	864
PI3	WFDC12	Q8WWY7	828
PI3	PIK3CD	O00329	752
PI3	SEMG2	Q02383	735
PI3	SEMG1	P04279	728
PI3	LORICRIN	P23490	707
PI3	IVL	P07476	669
PI3	TNF	P01375	659
PI3	WIPI1	Q5MNZ9	651
PI3	ELN	P15502	632
PI3	ELANE	P08246	623
PI3	NFKB1	P19838	618
PI3	ERBB2	P04626	608
PI3	ATM	Q13315	598

IntAct

6 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CELA1	PI3	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
ATG16L1		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PPP2R2B	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CCR1	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PINK1	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (7): PI3 (Reconstituted Complex), KRT1 (Reconstituted Complex), LOR (Reconstituted Complex), PI3 (Affinity Capture-MS), PI3 (Affinity Capture-MS), PI3 (Affinity Capture-MS), PI3 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A4H238, A4H241, B4DH59, O14763, O14798, O46598, O88799, P0C6Y7, P19467, P19957, P28908, P38565, P97881, Q02496, Q13342, Q14242, Q28983, Q2EG98, Q30KK3, Q4ZJY8, Q4ZJZ1, Q4ZJZ3, Q5FVR0, Q5QGU6, Q5W9T8, Q60401, Q62010, Q62170, Q6AXX0, Q6AXY3, Q6H9L7, Q6P752, Q8BP27, Q8BVC1, Q8N687, Q95152, Q96D42, Q96EQ9, Q9BXX2, Q9BXX3

Diamond homologs: A4K2M5, A4K2M6, A4K2N9, A4K2P0, A4K2P7, A4K2P8, A4K2R4, A4K2R5, A4K2S3, A4K2S4, A4K2T2, A4K2T3, A4K2U0, A4K2U1, A4K2V3, A4K2V4, A4K2W7, A4K2W8, A4K2X5, A4K2X6, A4K2Y3, A4K2Y4, O46655, P03973, P09837, P19957, Q6IE40, Q8TCV5, Q8WWY7, A4K2Q7, A7X4M7, P01173, P16225, P23352, P33005, Q29125, Q29126, Q90369, Q9JHY3, A7X4M1

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

14 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	11
Likely benign	2
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

257 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
20:45174997:GGGAG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
20:45174998:GGAGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
20:45175000:AG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
20:45175002:GTGA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
20:45175003:T:G	donor_loss	1.0000
20:45175859:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
20:45175860:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
20:45174998:GGAG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
20:45174999:GAG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
20:45174999:GAGG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
20:45175002:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9900
20:45175860:GTTC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
20:45176185:GC:G	donor_gain	0.9900
20:45175004:G:GG	donor_loss	0.9800
20:45175857:ACAG:A	acceptor_loss	0.9800
20:45175858:CA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9800
20:45175859:A:AC	acceptor_loss	0.9800
20:45175860:GTT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9800
20:45175860:GTTCC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9800
20:45175946:TC:T	donor_gain	0.9800
20:45176132:GTGAG:G	donor_gain	0.9800
20:45176198:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9800
20:45176133:TGAG:T	donor_loss	0.9700
20:45176134:GAGGT:G	donor_loss	0.9700
20:45176136:GGTG:G	donor_loss	0.9700
20:45176137:GTGA:G	donor_loss	0.9700
20:45176138:T:TC	donor_loss	0.9700
20:45176139:GA:G	donor_loss	0.9700
20:45176198:G:T	donor_gain	0.9700
20:45176368:AGAG:A	acceptor_gain	0.9700

AlphaMissense

756 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
20:45176055:T:A	C92S	0.994
20:45176056:G:C	C92S	0.994
20:45176073:T:A	C98S	0.993
20:45176074:G:C	C98S	0.993
20:45176028:T:A	C83S	0.990
20:45176029:G:C	C83S	0.990
20:45176064:G:C	D95H	0.990
20:45176091:T:A	C104S	0.989
20:45176092:G:C	C104S	0.989
20:45176007:T:A	C76S	0.986
20:45176008:G:C	C76S	0.986
20:45176075:C:G	C98W	0.986
20:45176109:G:T	G110W	0.985
20:45176065:A:T	D95V	0.984
20:45176073:T:C	C98R	0.982
20:45176106:T:A	C109S	0.982
20:45176107:G:C	C109S	0.982
20:45176028:T:C	C83R	0.981
20:45176055:T:C	C92R	0.981
20:45176057:C:G	C92W	0.981
20:45176094:T:A	C105S	0.981
20:45176095:G:C	C105S	0.981
20:45176110:G:T	G110V	0.981
20:45176118:T:A	C113S	0.980
20:45176119:G:C	C113S	0.980
20:45176030:C:G	C83W	0.979
20:45176120:T:G	C113W	0.979
20:45176065:A:C	D95A	0.978
20:45176074:G:A	C98Y	0.978
20:45176093:C:G	C104W	0.977

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000422977 (20:45172932 G>A), RS1000706722 (20:45173660 C>A,G), RS1000843291 (20:45176889 G>A,T), RS1000880259 (20:45173304 T>C), RS1001241371 (20:45175167 GGTGGACTCCAC>G), RS1001348531 (20:45173884 AC>A), RS1002219128 (20:45173108 G>T), RS1002524763 (20:45174220 A>G), RS1002888264 (20:45174828 G>A), RS1003219774 (20:45173445 C>T), RS1003784518 (20:45175466 G>A), RS1004096226 (20:45175762 G>T), RS1005386647 (20:45173872 C>A,T), RS1005683725 (20:45174067 C>T), RS1006834293 (20:45174668 A>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:182257 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

4 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST006585_2620	Blood protein levels	5.000000e-32
GCST008103_143	Bipolar disorder	3.000000e-06
GCST008103_27	Bipolar disorder	3.000000e-08
GCST010725_40	Malaria	1.000000e-06

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

59 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	increases expression	4
Estradiol	affects expression, affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	3
Cadmium Chloride	increases expression, increases abundance	3
Troglitazone	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	2
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases methylation, affects methylation, decreases expression	2
Lipopolysaccharides	decreases reaction, affects response to substance, affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Nickel	increases expression	2
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression	2
Asbestos, Crocidolite	increases expression	2
Particulate Matter	increases expression	2
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
bisphenol A	affects cotreatment, decreases methylation	1
lead acetate	increases expression	1
2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one	increases expression	1
3,4-dichloroaniline	increases expression	1
butyraldehyde	increases expression	1
tobacco tar	increases expression	1
cupric chloride	increases expression	1
hydroquinone	increases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects cotreatment, affects response to substance, increases expression	1
pentanal	increases expression	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	decreases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
abrine	increases expression	1
NSC 689534	affects binding, increases expression	1
Rosuvastatin Calcium	decreases expression	1
Zoledronic Acid	increases expression	1

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 spontaneously immortalized cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_E1JZ	HyCyte HaCaT KO-hPI3	Spontaneously immortalized cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.