POLL

Summary

POLL (DNA polymerase lambda, HGNC:9184) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 10q24.32, encoding DNA polymerase lambda (Q9UGP5). DNA polymerase that functions in several pathways of DNA repair.

This gene encodes a DNA polymerase. DNA polymerases catalyze DNA-template-directed extension of the 3’-end of a DNA strand. This particular polymerase, which is a member of the X family of DNA polymerases, likely plays a role in non-homologous end joining and other DNA repair processes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.

Source: NCBI Gene 27343 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 118 total — 1 pathogenic
• Druggable target: yes
• Dosage sensitivity (ClinGen): haploinsufficiency no evidence, triplosensitivity no evidence
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001174084

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:9184
Approved symbol	POLL
Name	DNA polymerase lambda
Location	10q24.32
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000166169
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	606343
Entrez	27343

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 54 — 50 protein_coding, 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000299206, ENST00000339310, ENST00000370162, ENST00000370168, ENST00000370169, ENST00000370172, ENST00000413344, ENST00000415897, ENST00000426919, ENST00000429502, ENST00000430045, ENST00000454524, ENST00000461587, ENST00000463515, ENST00000470140, ENST00000485369, ENST00000628479, ENST00000882355, ENST00000882356, ENST00000882357, ENST00000882358, ENST00000882359, ENST00000882360, ENST00000882361, ENST00000882362, ENST00000882363, ENST00000882364, ENST00000882365, ENST00000882366, ENST00000882367, ENST00000937304, ENST00000937305, ENST00000937306, ENST00000937307, ENST00000937308, ENST00000937309, ENST00000937310, ENST00000937311, ENST00000937312, ENST00000937313, ENST00000937314, ENST00000937315, ENST00000937316, ENST00000937317, ENST00000937318, ENST00000937319, ENST00000937320, ENST00000937321, ENST00000937322, ENST00000942758, ENST00000942759, ENST00000942760, ENST00000942761, ENST00000942762

RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_001174084 NM_001174084, NM_001174085, NM_001308382, NM_013274

CCDS: CCDS7513, CCDS76332

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000370162 — 9 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001424221	101587822	101588257
ENSE00003462420	101582763	101582891
ENSE00003475842	101585316	101585478
ENSE00003503918	101578882	101579817
ENSE00003508364	101583508	101583681
ENSE00003567328	101585862	101586156
ENSE00003626756	101580248	101580416
ENSE00003889827	101584602	101584919
ENSE00003891177	101587246	101587406

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 240 present calls, max score 93.15.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 12.9084 / max 231.5970, expressed in 1791 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
111090	12.7683	1791
111088	0.0727	13
111089	0.0674	19

Top tissues by expression

276 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	93.15	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	93.02	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	91.95	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	91.86	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	90.90	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	90.68	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	90.67	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	90.55	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	90.23	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	90.14	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	90.13	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	90.02	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	89.97	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	89.89	gold quality
tendon of biceps brachii	UBERON:0008188	89.72	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	89.68	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	89.63	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	89.62	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	89.42	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	89.35	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	89.21	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	89.05	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	89.04	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	88.96	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	88.82	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	88.66	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	88.65	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	88.59	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	88.59	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	88.53	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	4.97

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): CREB1, SP1, TP53, VSX2

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

22 targeting POLL, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4500	99.99	72.72	2367
HSA-MIR-548AW	99.99	72.57	3559
HSA-LET-7A-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7B-5P	99.98	72.31	1790
HSA-LET-7C-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7E-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7F-5P	99.98	72.56	1784
HSA-LET-7G-5P	99.98	72.37	1784
HSA-LET-7I-5P	99.98	72.37	1788
HSA-MIR-98-5P	99.98	72.33	1787
HSA-LET-7D-5P	99.96	71.76	1632
HSA-MIR-4458	99.96	71.64	1650
HSA-MIR-6892-3P	99.68	66.40	1178
HSA-MIR-486-3P	99.51	66.82	1901
HSA-MIR-149-5P	99.25	67.16	1315
HSA-MIR-6510-5P	99.14	66.59	1081
HSA-MIR-7977	98.65	66.18	2590
HSA-MIR-4710	98.61	65.96	1048
HSA-MIR-6873-5P	98.45	66.14	1417
HSA-MIR-4456	97.50	64.88	1678
HSA-MIR-3192-5P	96.98	65.76	1926
HSA-MIR-184	94.24	64.40	152

Functional genomics

ClinGen dosage: haploinsufficiency 0 (no evidence), triplosensitivity 0 (no evidence). ClinGen Gene Dosage Map

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• role in DNA repair (PMID:11821417)
• role in dna replication and DNA repair (PMID:11974915)
• complex between PCNA and pol lambda may play an important role in the bypass of abasic sites in human cells (PMID:12368291)
• DNA polymerase lambda has an intrinsic terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase activity that preferentially adds pyrimidines onto 3’OH ends of DNA oligonucleotides and elongates an RNA primer hybridized to a DNA template. (PMID:12683997)
• mammalian Pol lambda has a role in non-homologous end-joining (PMID:12829698)
• Polymerase lambda is the primary gap-filling polymerase for accurate nonhomologous end joining (PMID:14561766)
• pol lambda Phe506Arg/Gly mutants possess very low polymerase and terminal transferase activities as well as greatly reduced abilities for processive DNA synthesis (PMID:14627824)
• fills short-patched DNA gaps in base excision repair pathways and participates in mammalian nonhomologous end-joining pathways to repair double-stranded DNA breaks (PMID:15157109)
• Results link p53 status with POLkappa expression and suggest that loss of p53 function may in part contribute to the observed POLkappa upregulation in human lung cancers. (PMID:15202001)
• A molecular mechanism is suggested for the observed high in vivo rate of frameshift generation by pol lambda and the remarkable ability of pol lambda to promote microhomology pairing between two DNA strands. (PMID:15350147)
• A helix-hairpin-helix domain of DNA polymerase lambda is important for primer binding and/or for proliferating cell nuclear antigen interaction. (PMID:15358682)
• determined that Fyn phosphorylated MAP-2c on tyrosine 67 (PMID:15537631)
• crystal structures of Pol lambda representing three steps in filling a single-nucleotide gap (PMID:15608652)
• Human DNA polymerase kappa, an error-prone enzyme that is up-regulated in lung cancers, induces DNA breaks and stimulates DNA exchanges as well as aneuploidy. (PMID:15665310)
• Results suggest that Pol lambda plays a role in the short-patch base excision repair rather than contributes to the long-patch base excision repair pathway. (PMID:15979954)
• DNA polymerase lambda is phosphorylated in vitro by several cyclin-dependent kinase/cyclin complexes, including Cdk2/cyclin A, in its proline-serine-rich domain. (PMID:16174846)
• DNA polymerase lambda has the ability to create base pair mismatches and human replication protein A can suppress this intrinsic in vitro mutator phenotype. (PMID:16522650)
• DNA polymerase fidelity is controlled not by an accessory protein or a proofreading exonuclease domain but by an internal regulatory domain (PMID:16675458)
• DNA polymerase lambda is unable to differentiate between matched and mismatched termini during the DNA binding step, thus accounting for the relatively high efficiency of mismatch extension. (PMID:16807316)
• Kinetic studies on human DNA polymerase lambda reveal roles of a downstream strand and the 5’-terminal moieties (PMID:17005572)
• The erroneous nucleotide incorporations catalyzed by DNA polymerases lambda and beta as well as the subsequent ligation catalyzed by a DNA ligase during base excision repair are a threat to genomic integrity. (PMID:17321545)
• cloning, expression and tissue distribution in normal liver and hepatoma (PMID:17653665)
• DNA pol lambda active site residue tyrosine 505 determined the nucleotide selectivity opposite 1,2-dihydro-2-oxoadenine during error-free bypass of the 1,2-dihydro-2-oxoadenine lesion. (PMID:17666409)
• capacity of Pol lambda either to insert opposite 8oxoG or to extend correct base pairs containing such a damage could be beneficial for its role in NHEJ (PMID:17686665)
• Pol lambda is stabilized during cell cycle progression in late S and G2 phases, most likely allowing Pol lambda to correctly conduct repair of damaged DNA during and after S phase. (PMID:18688254)
• analysis of human DNA polymerase lambda with Mg2+ and Mn2+ from ab initio quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical studies (PMID:18692600)
• RAGE is under genetic selection in the non-African populations. (PMID:19060005)
• replication protein A and proliferating cell nuclear antigen act as molecular switches to activate the DNA pol lambda- dependent highly efficient and faithful repair of A:8-oxo-G mismatches in human cells and to repress DNA pol beta activity. (PMID:19104052)
• dATP was a preferential substrate for DNA polymerase beta and dGMP was the only substrate for DNA polymerase lambda. (PMID:19120024)
• These experiments suggest that polymerase lambda does not undergo major conformational changes during the catalysis in the solution phase. (PMID:19467241)
• when bound to a 2-nucleotide gap, Pol lambda scrunches the template strand and binds the additional uncopied template base in an extrahelical position within a binding pocket that comprises three conserved amino acids. (PMID:19701199)
• a natural mutator variant of human DNA polymerase lambda promotes chromosomal instability by compromising NHEJ (PMID:19806195)
• observe specific recruitment of MUTYH, DNA pol lambda, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) and DNA ligases I and III from human cell extracts to A:8-oxo-G DNA, but not to undamaged DNA. (PMID:19820168)
• DNA polymerase lambda uses a novel sugar selection mechanism to discriminate against ribonucleotides, whereby the ribose 2’-hydroxyl group was excluded mostly by a backbone segment and slightly by the side chain of Y505. (PMID:19900463)
• Both Pol lambda- and (Pol kappa)-positive staining were associated with shorter survival in glioma patients. (PMID:20164241)
• analysis of the interaction between DNA Polymerase lambda and anticancer nucleoside analogs (PMID:20348107)
• DNA polymerase lambda can bypass a thymine glycol lesion on the template strand of gapped DNA substrates. (PMID:20423048)
• The results demonstrate that loop 1 is not essential for catalytic activity, but it is important for the fidelity of DNA synthesis and the accuracy of non-homologous end joining. (PMID:20435673)
• study found expression of PollambdaR438W sensitizes cells to camptothecin by affecting the homologous recombination pathway, whereas overexpression of pollambdaWT did not impact cell survival; this effect depends entirely on its DNA polymerase activity (PMID:20693240)
• both pol lambda and pol beta interact with the upstream DNA glycosylases for repair of alkylated and oxidized DNA bases (PMID:20805875)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	poll	ENSDARG00000039613
mus_musculus	Poll	ENSMUSG00000025218
rattus_norvegicus	Poll	ENSRNOG00000016748

Paralogs (3): POLB (ENSG00000070501), DNTT (ENSG00000107447), POLM (ENSG00000122678)

Protein

Protein identifiers

DNA polymerase lambda — Q9UGP5 (reviewed: Q9UGP5)

Alternative names: DNA polymerase beta-2, DNA polymerase kappa

All UniProt accessions (11): A8K860, Q9UGP5, Q5JQN9, Q5JQP0, Q5JQP1, Q5JQP2, Q5JQP3, Q5JQP4, Q5JQP7, Q5JQP8, Q9HBN3

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. DNA polymerase that functions in several pathways of DNA repair. Involved in base excision repair (BER) responsible for repair of lesions that give rise to abasic (AP) sites in DNA. Also contributes to DNA double-strand break repair by non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination. Has both template-dependent and template-independent (terminal transferase) DNA polymerase activities. Also has a 5’-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase (dRP lyase) activity.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with PCNA. Interacts with PAXX; promoting POLL recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and stimulation of the end-filling activity of POLL. Interacts with XRCC4; promoting POLL recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and stimulation of the end-filling activity of POLL. Interacts with NHEJ1/XLF; promoting POLL recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and stimulation of the end-filling activity of POLL.

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Chromosome.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in a number of tissues. Abundant in testis.

Similarity. Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-X family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9UGP5-1	1	yes
Q9UGP5-2	2

RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001167555, NP_001167556, NP_001295311, NP_037406 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001357	BRCT_dom	Domain
IPR002008	DNA_pol_X_beta-like	Family
IPR002054	DNA-dir_DNA_pol_X	Domain
IPR010996	HHH_MUS81	Domain
IPR018944	DNA_pol_lambd_fingers_domain	Domain
IPR019843	DNA_pol-X_BS	Binding_site
IPR022312	DNA_pol_X	Family
IPR027421	DNA_pol_lamdba_lyase_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR028207	DNA_pol_B_palm_palm	Domain
IPR029398	PolB_thumb	Domain
IPR036420	BRCT_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR037160	DNA_Pol_thumb_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR043519	NT_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF10391, PF14716, PF14791, PF14792

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 4.2.99.B1 — (BRENDA: organisms, substrates, inhibitors, Km, kcat entries)

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• DNA(n) + a 2’-deoxyribonucleoside 5’-triphosphate = DNA(n+1) + diphosphate (RHEA:22508)

UniProt features (74 total): helix 26, strand 18, binding site 7, region of interest 5, mutagenesis site 5, splice variant 2, sequence variant 2, sequence conflict 2, turn 2, compositionally biased region 2, chain 1, domain 1, active site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

96 structures, top 30 by resolution.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
7M07	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.57
7M49	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.6
9NPU	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.63
7M47	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.65
2BCQ	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.65
7M09	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.65
7M4B	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.66
7M08	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.7
7M4L	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.7
7M4K	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.72
5IIJ	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.72
2BCR	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.75
5III	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.8
7M0D	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.8
7M4D	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.82
7M0A	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.83
7M4A	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.87
7M4G	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.88
7M45	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.89
2PFN	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
4XA5	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
8U0P	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
7M44	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
7M4E	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
7M46	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.92
7M4H	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.92
7M48	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.93
5IIM	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.94
7M4F	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.95
1XSN	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.95

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9UGP5-F1	80.90	0.59

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 312 (schiff-base intermediate with dna)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (7): 386; 417–420; 426–429; 427; 429; 490; 513

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (5):

Position	Phenotype
312	reduces drp lyase activity by over 90%.
427	loss of polymerase activity; when associated with a-429.
429	loss of polymerase activity; when associated with a-427.
505	no effect on polymerase activity. reduces terminal transferase activities.
506	strongly reduces polymerase and terminal transferase activities.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-5693571	Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ)

MSigDB gene sets: 123 (showing top): KAUFFMANN_DNA_REPAIR_GENES, CAGCTG_AP4_Q5, IRF7_01, GOBP_NUCLEOTIDE_EXCISION_REPAIR, GOMF_DNA_POLYMERASE_ACTIVITY, GOBP_IMMUNOGLOBULIN_PRODUCTION, GOBP_DNA_DAMAGE_RESPONSE, GOBP_SOMATIC_DIVERSIFICATION_OF_IMMUNE_RECEPTORS, GOBP_DNA_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, RFX1_02, GOBP_SOMATIC_DIVERSIFICATION_OF_IMMUNE_RECEPTORS_VIA_SOMATIC_MUTATION, REACTOME_DNA_REPAIR, GOBP_RECOMBINATIONAL_REPAIR, GOBP_DNA_REPLICATION, CETS1P54_01

GO Biological Process (10): double-strand break repair via homologous recombination (GO:0000724), DNA replication (GO:0006260), base-excision repair, gap-filling (GO:0006287), nucleotide-excision repair (GO:0006289), double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining (GO:0006303), somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes (GO:0016446), DNA biosynthetic process (GO:0071897), DNA metabolic process (GO:0006259), DNA repair (GO:0006281), DNA damage response (GO:0006974)

GO Molecular Function (9): DNA binding (GO:0003677), DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity (GO:0003887), metal ion binding (GO:0046872), 5’-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity (GO:0051575), protein binding (GO:0005515), transferase activity (GO:0016740), nucleotidyltransferase activity (GO:0016779), lyase activity (GO:0016829), DNA polymerase activity (GO:0034061)

GO Cellular Component (4): nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), site of double-strand break (GO:0035861), chromosome (GO:0005694)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
DNA Double-Strand Break Repair	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
DNA metabolic process	4
double-strand break repair	2
DNA biosynthetic process	2
catalytic activity, acting on DNA	2
catalytic activity	2
recombinational repair	1
base-excision repair	1
DNA repair	1
somatic diversification of immune receptors via somatic mutation	1
somatic diversification of immunoglobulins	1
nucleic acid biosynthetic process	1
nucleic acid metabolic process	1
DNA damage response	1
cellular response to stress	1
nucleic acid binding	1
DNA polymerase activity	1
cation binding	1
carbon-oxygen lyase activity	1
binding	1
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups	1
nucleotidyltransferase activity	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
nuclear lumen	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
site of DNA damage	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1174 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
POLL	REV1	Q9UBZ9	961
POLL	TENT4A	Q5XG87	957
POLL	RAD18	Q9NS91	916
POLL	XRCC4	Q13426	899
POLL	REV3L	O60673	879
POLL	FBXW4	P57775	874
POLL	LIG1	P18858	839
POLL	LBX1	P52954	814
POLL	XRCC6	P12956	805
POLL	SMUG1	Q53HV7	792
POLL	LIG4	P49917	791
POLL	XRCC5	P13010	784
POLL	POLH	Q9Y253	772
POLL	POLI	Q9UNA4	769
POLL	WRN	Q14191	764

IntAct

23 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
POLL	LDOC1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.550
LDOC1	POLL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.550
POLL	BCKDHA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.510
MUTYH	POLL	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
POLL	H2BC13	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
POLL	H2BC21	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
POLL	UBC	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
XRCC1	POLL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
POLL	FAM9B	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
POLL	TFIP11	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
DCUN1D1	RGSL1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
POLL	SULT1C2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
INKA2	CDC42BPA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
POLL	PGK2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
POLL	RPA2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
POLL	BCKDHB	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
POLL	RPA1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
POLL	RPA3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
POLL	SSRP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
POLL	WRN	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
BCKDHA	POLL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
POLL	SUPT16H	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (108): POLL (Two-hybrid), POLL (Two-hybrid), POLL (Two-hybrid), POLL (Two-hybrid), POLL (Two-hybrid), SSX2IP (Two-hybrid), FSD2 (Two-hybrid), KRT40 (Two-hybrid), FAM9B (Two-hybrid), KRTAP10-7 (Two-hybrid), KRTAP10-3 (Two-hybrid), C9orf64 (Affinity Capture-MS), SCGB1D1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SEMG2 (Affinity Capture-MS), SEMG1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A8C2MDK8, A7SLX5, A7YY46, D3ZEY4, D3ZX08, E9QAM5, O59713, O95822, P0C7A1, P48760, P52333, P52824, Q002B5, Q07071, Q14397, Q15477, Q2KI24, Q2M296, Q2NKY8, Q3SYT1, Q3T7C9, Q3U1Y4, Q3URQ7, Q4R380, Q52L34, Q567W6, Q568Y2, Q5I0I8, Q5NCQ5, Q5ZHX9, Q6GPQ5, Q6NZR5, Q6P5E8, Q8BUI3, Q8BX80, Q8C9A2, Q8NFF5, Q8NFI3, Q91X44, Q920F5

Diamond homologs: O57383, P06746, P06766, Q27958, Q4R380, Q5RKI3, Q67VC8, Q6DRD3, Q7T6Y4, Q8K409, Q9FNY4, Q9QXE2, Q9UGP5, P09838, Q9JIW4, Q9NP87, A4PCD4, O02789, O57486, P04053, P06526, P36195, P42118, Q92089, A8N936

SIGNOR signaling

9 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
HUWE1	“down-regulates quantity by destabilization”	POLL	polyubiquitination
ATM	“up-regulates activity”	POLL	phosphorylation
CyclinA2/CDK2	“up-regulates quantity by stabilization”	POLL	phosphorylation
PRKDC	“up-regulates activity”	POLL	phosphorylation
CDK2	“up-regulates quantity by stabilization”	POLL	phosphorylation
CDK2	“up-regulates activity”	POLL	phosphorylation

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 22 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER	5	115.6×	5e-08
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR)	5	50.1×	1e-06
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER	5	47.0×	2e-06
Regulation of TP53 Activity through Phosphorylation	7	43.4×	3e-08
Processing of DNA double-strand break ends	7	42.1×	3e-08
G2/M DNA damage checkpoint	6	38.0×	6e-07
Meiotic recombination	5	34.1×	6e-06

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
mismatch repair	5	162.0×	5e-09
base-excision repair	6	140.4×	2e-10
DNA replication	6	49.6×	5e-08
DNA repair	5	16.0×	1e-04

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

118 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	83
Likely benign	11
Benign	12

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
815374	GRCh37/hg19 10q24.31-24.32(chr10:102925257-103401586)x3	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

1479 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
10:101582761:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101582762:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101582762:CTGT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101582789:C:A	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101582803:T:A	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101582891:CCT:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101582892:C:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101582893:T:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101583522:T:C	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101583546:C:A	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101583586:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101583587:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101584920:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101584921:T:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101584921:T:TC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101585864:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101585865:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101586153:CACT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101580250:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
10:101580412:TGGAC:T	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:101580414:GAC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:101580415:AC:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:101580416:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:101580417:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:101582619:A:C	donor_gain	0.9900
10:101582740:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9900
10:101582741:C:CC	donor_gain	0.9900
10:101582741:CTG:C	donor_gain	0.9900
10:101582741:CTGCT:C	donor_gain	0.9900
10:101582761:ACTGT:A	donor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

3734 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
10:101584636:A:G	L286P	0.997
10:101583527:G:T	A349D	0.996
10:101579640:C:G	R514P	0.995
10:101583519:A:G	W352R	0.995
10:101583519:A:T	W352R	0.995
10:101579622:G:T	A520D	0.994
10:101579663:G:C	F506L	0.994
10:101579663:G:T	F506L	0.994
10:101579665:A:G	F506L	0.994
10:101584636:A:T	L286H	0.994
10:101584615:A:T	V293D	0.993
10:101584668:C:A	R275S	0.993
10:101584668:C:G	R275S	0.993
10:101580415:A:T	V399D	0.992
10:101584714:A:G	L260P	0.992
10:101579463:C:G	R573P	0.991
10:101579638:A:G	S515P	0.991
10:101579719:G:T	R488S	0.991
10:101579721:C:G	R487P	0.991
10:101580352:C:G	R420P	0.991
10:101584669:C:G	R275T	0.991
10:101585932:A:G	W114R	0.991
10:101585932:A:T	W114R	0.991
10:101580324:G:C	D429E	0.990
10:101580324:G:T	D429E	0.990
10:101579631:C:G	R517P	0.989
10:101583528:C:G	A349P	0.989
10:101580319:A:T	L431H	0.988
10:101584734:G:C	N253K	0.988
10:101584734:G:T	N253K	0.988

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000354698 (10:101586782 A>C), RS1000400356 (10:101580204 T>C), RS1000599171 (10:101585794 A>C,T), RS1000630474 (10:101586108 C>T), RS1001012227 (10:101587069 T>C), RS1001187033 (10:101587593 G>T), RS1001607457 (10:101584208 G>A), RS1001638682 (10:101584540 C>T), RS1002722260 (10:101588830 T>C), RS1002752023 (10:101589083 G>A), RS1003005143 (10:101583826 G>A,T), RS1003020413 (10:101582337 C>T), RS1003343671 (10:101582108 C>T), RS1003617617 (10:101580709 G>A), RS1003627014 (10:101581818 T>C,G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:606343 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL5367 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

2 measured of 29 human assays (29 total across all organisms); most potent 2 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

Ligand	Measure	Value
CHEMBL3898463	IC50	6900 nM
CHEMBL3926514	IC50	7400 nM

ChEMBL bioactivities

11 potent at pChembl≥5 of 15 total, top 11 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
5.30	IC50	5000	nM	CHEMBL3978947
5.28	IC50	5200	nM	OBLONGIFOLIN C
5.27	IC50	5400	nM	GUTTIFERONE K
5.25	IC50	5600	nM	CHEMBL3889506
5.24	IC50	5800	nM	CHEMBL3917534
5.24	IC50	5700	nM	CHEMBL3976184
5.21	IC50	6200	nM	CHEMBL3907489
5.16	IC50	6900	nM	CHEMBL3898463
5.16	IC50	7000	nM	CHEMBL1917196
5.13	IC50	7400	nM	CHEMBL3926514
5.06	IC50	8800	nM	CHEMBL3935433

PubChem BioAssay actives

35 with measured affinity, of 211 total; 35 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
(5Z)-5-[[4-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	3.9000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[3-bromo-4-(3-fluoro-4-methylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	4.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[2,4-bis[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]phenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	4.0000	uM
(1R,3E,5S,6S,7R)-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-7-[(2E,6R)-6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,7-dienyl]-6-methyl-1,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	5.0000	uM
(1R,3E,5S,6S,7R)-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-7-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-6-methyl-1,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	5.2000	uM
(1R,3E,5S,6S,7R)-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-6-methyl-1,5,7-tris(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	5.4000	uM
(1R,3E,5S,6S,7R)-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-7-[(2E,5E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,5-dienyl]-6-methyl-1,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	5.6000	uM
(1R,3E,5S,6S,7R)-3-[hydroxy-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-6-methyl-1,5,7-tris(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	5.7000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[3-chloro-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	5.7000	uM
(1R,3E,5S,6S,7R)-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-7-[(2E,6S)-6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,7-dienyl]-6-methyl-1,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	5.8000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	5.9000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(3-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	6.0000	uM
(6E)-6-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-8-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-2,2-dimethyl-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromene-5,7-dione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	6.2000	uM
(1R,3Z,6R,9S,10R,13R)-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-13-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-methyl-1,10-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-oxatricyclo[7.2.2.04,10]tridecane-2,11-dione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	6.9000	uM
(5,8-dioxonaphthalen-1-yl) dodecanoate	627886: Inhibition of His-tagged human DNA polymerase lambda using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 (A/T = 2/1) and dTTP as the DNA template-primer and nucleotide substrate after 60 mins	ic50	7.0000	uM
(1R,3Z,6R,9S,10R,13R)-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-methyl-1,10,13-tris(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-oxatricyclo[7.2.2.04,10]tridecane-2,11-dione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	7.4000	uM
(1R,3E,5S,6S,7S)-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-hydroxymethylidene]-7-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl)-6-methyl-1,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione	1323393: Inhibition of recombinant human His-tagged DNA polymerase lambda assessed as reduction in [3H]dTTP incorporation using poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 as template/primer preincubated for 10 mins followed by template/primer addition measured after 60 mins	ic50	8.8000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl]methylidene]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[(4-cyclohexylsulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[3-fluoro-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[3-bromo-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-[(Z)-(4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl]benzonitrile	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(4-ethylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[3-nitro-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(3-fluoro-4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[3-nitro-4-[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[(4-naphthalen-2-ylsulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[3-fluoro-4-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-(2-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
(5Z)-5-[[4-bromo-5-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylthiophen-2-yl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM
4-hydroxy-5-[1-[4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-3-nitrophenyl]ethenyl]-3H-1,3-thiazole-2-thione	1800107: DNA Pol λ PEX Assay from Article 10.1021/cb4007562: “Expanding the Scope of Human DNA Polymerase ¿ and ß Inhibitors.”	ic50	10.0000	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

27 total (human), top 27 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression, increases methylation	2
Estradiol	decreases expression	2
alpha-pinene	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
honokiol	decreases activity	1
methacrylaldehyde	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
benzo(a)pyrene diolepoxide I	increases expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	increases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
Decitabine	decreases expression, decreases reaction	1
Glyphosate	increases expression	1
Acrolein	increases oxidation, increases abundance, affects cotreatment	1
Air Pollutants	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases oxidation	1
Amiodarone	increases expression	1
Caffeine	increases phosphorylation	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1
Ozone	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
Phthalic Acids	decreases methylation	1
Selenium	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Selenomethionine	affects expression	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Thiram	decreases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	1
Vitamin E	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Aflatoxin B1	decreases expression, increases methylation, decreases reaction	1
Okadaic Acid	decreases expression	1
Acrylamide	decreases expression	1
Volatile Organic Compounds	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation	1

ChEMBL screening assays

21 unique, capped per target: 21 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1023129	Binding	Inhibition of human DNA polymerase lambda at 100 uM	Penicilliols A and B, novel inhibitors specific to mammalian Y-family DNA polymerases. — Bioorg Med Chem

Cellosaurus cell lines

4 cell lines: 4 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_B2BG	Abcam HeLa POLL KO	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_TF03	HAP1 POLL (-) 1	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_TF04	HAP1 POLL (-) 2	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_TF05	HAP1 POLL (-) 3	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.