POLN

Summary

POLN (DNA polymerase nu, HGNC:18870) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 4p16.3, encoding DNA polymerase nu (Q7Z5Q5). DNA polymerase with very low fidelity that catalyzes considerable misincorporation by inserting dTTP opposite a G template, and dGTP opposite a T template.

This gene encodes a DNA polymerase type-A family member. The encoded protein plays a role in DNA repair and homologous recombination. This gene shares its 5’ exons with some transcripts from overlapping GeneID: 79441, which encodes an augmentin-like protein complex subunit.

Source: NCBI Gene 353497 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 4
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 158 total — 1 pathogenic
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_181808

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:18870
Approved symbol	POLN
Name	DNA polymerase nu
Location	4p16.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000130997
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	610887
Entrez	353497

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 13 — 6 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 4 retained_intron, 3 protein_coding

ENST00000382865, ENST00000503371, ENST00000503601, ENST00000506518, ENST00000508568, ENST00000509623, ENST00000510344, ENST00000511098, ENST00000511777, ENST00000511885, ENST00000514521, ENST00000514858, ENST00000515357

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_181808 NM_181808

CCDS: CCDS3360

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000511885 — 26 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000897203	2080958	2081036
ENSE00001288463	2071918	2072299
ENSE00003471895	2072968	2073029
ENSE00003473151	2131233	2131290
ENSE00003488950	2193204	2193316
ENSE00003494595	2229099	2229243
ENSE00003506470	2081633	2081743
ENSE00003513003	2242051	2242121
ENSE00003534336	2213047	2213126
ENSE00003540612	2207987	2208487
ENSE00003553786	2159155	2159211
ENSE00003567330	2129179	2129256
ENSE00003568696	2156788	2156853
ENSE00003578899	2174691	2174751
ENSE00003601529	2198524	2198717
ENSE00003603469	2075452	2075519
ENSE00003606593	2176266	2176334
ENSE00003612680	2085613	2085744
ENSE00003613523	2173955	2174019
ENSE00003618280	2128113	2128227
ENSE00003629677	2171098	2171181
ENSE00003630966	2170679	2170774
ENSE00003633935	2095851	2095933
ENSE00003663304	2179308	2179465
ENSE00003680492	2241520	2241790
ENSE00003689912	2157858	2157911

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 160 present calls, max score 86.25.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 4.0187 / max 44.9892, expressed in 1482 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
51109	4.0187	1482
51107	2.4718	874
51108	1.5590	922
51106	0.5361	216
51105	0.1876	48

Top tissues by expression

236 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	86.25	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	84.13	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	82.13	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	82.10	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	80.45	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	80.41	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	79.80	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	79.60	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	79.39	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	78.45	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	78.35	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	78.27	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	77.74	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	77.72	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	77.61	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	77.55	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	77.52	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	77.15	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	77.11	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	77.01	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	76.72	gold quality
vena cava	UBERON:0004087	75.23	gold quality
forebrain	UBERON:0001890	75.16	gold quality
brain	UBERON:0000955	75.01	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	74.79	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	74.33	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	73.65	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	73.61	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	73.42	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	73.40	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	4.88

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

5 targeting POLN, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6749-3P	99.00	65.73	1443
HSA-MIR-4717-5P	98.19	67.97	894
HSA-MIR-5699-5P	97.36	67.03	1014
HSA-MIR-1288-3P	96.86	66.95	536
HSA-MIR-3189-3P	96.80	66.34	896

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 25)

• identification as homolog to Mus308 (PMID:12794064)
• pol nu error rates for all 12 single base-base mismatches and for insertion and deletion errors (PMID:17118716)
• The DNA cross-linking agent mitomycin C hypersensitivity of PolN knockdown cells is rescued by overexpression of DNA polymerase-proficient PolN but not by DNA polymerase-deficient PolN. (PMID:19908865)
• The recently discovered polymerase POLN identified here is involved in repair of DNA cross-links. (PMID:19995904)
• Described is a novel translesion DNA synthesis substrate specificity of pol nu, demonstrating that it is able to bypass exceptionally large DNA lesions whose linkages are through the DNA major groove. (PMID:20102227)
• Our finding suggests that polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, POLN and PRKDC, were associated with increased melanoma risk in melanoma families with and without CDKN2A mutations. (PMID:21671477)
• The lower fidelity of POLN compared to that of Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli can be attributed to a much lower catalytic efficiency for correct dNTP incorporation, whereas both enzymes have similar kinetic parameters for G-dTTP misinsertion. (PMID:22008035)
• both yeast and human pol eta synthesize past the 3’-(m)C CPD in a >99% error-free manner, consistent with the highly water-exposed nature of the active site. (PMID:22262850)
• Epstein-Barr virus BPLF1 deubiquitinates PCNA and attenuates polymerase eta recruitment to DNA damage sites (PMID:22623772)
• WRN improves the efficiency and fidelity of hpol eta to promote more effective replication of DNA. (PMID:23045531)
• Pol nu catalyzes both correct and mispair formation with high catalytic efficiency. (PMID:25963146)
• This is the first crystal structure of a DNA polymerase with an incoming rNTP opposite a DNA lesion. (PMID:26740629)
• The Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA)-interacting Protein (PIP) Motif of DNA Polymerase eta Mediates Its Interaction with the C-terminal Domain of Rev1. (PMID:26903512)
• Five x-ray crystal structures of hpol eta ternary complexes were determined, three at the insertion and two at the extension stage. (PMID:27226627)
• The structural data are consistent with the observed tendency of hpol eta to insert both dC and dT opposite the O(6)-MeG lesion with similar efficiencies. (PMID:27694439)
• Data suggest that translesion DNA synthesis mediated by (1) POLI-dependent pathway (2) REV1- and POLN-dependent pathway, or (3) POLtheta-dependent pathway occur in predominantly error-free manner in human cells. (POLI = DNA polymerase iota; REV1 = DNA repair protein-REV1; POLN = DNA polymerase nu; POLtheta = DNA polymerase theta) (PMID:29330301)
• Crystallographic evidence for two-metal-ion catalysis in human pol eta. (PMID:30368948)
• the Poleta-oxaliplatin-GpG structure provides a structural basis for TLS-mediated bypass of the major oxaliplatin-DNA adducts and insights into resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy in humans. (PMID:30709915)
• These results suggest that hpol eta is one of the major reverse transcriptases involved in physiological processes in human cells. (PMID:30842261)
• The roles of polymerases nu and theta in replicative bypass of O (6)- and N (2)-alkyl-2’-deoxyguanosine lesions in human cells. (PMID:32098870)
• Translesion synthesis of the major nitrogen mustard-induced DNA lesion by human DNA polymerase eta. (PMID:33175093)
• Multiple deprotonation paths of the nucleophile 3’-OH in the DNA synthesis reaction. (PMID:34088846)
• DNA polymerases eta and kappa bypass N(2)-guanine-O(6)-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase cross-linked DNA-peptides. (PMID:34461101)
• Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Analysis of the Roles of DNA Polymerases nu and theta in the Replicative Bypass of 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in Human Cells. (PMID:35815634)
• Rare POLN mutations confer risk for familial nasopharyngeal carcinoma through weakened Epstein-Barr virus lytic replication. (PMID:36116213)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	poln	ENSDARG00000103961
mus_musculus	Poln	ENSMUSG00000045102
rattus_norvegicus	Haus3	ENSRNOG00000069005

Protein

Protein identifiers

DNA polymerase nu — Q7Z5Q5 (reviewed: Q7Z5Q5)

All UniProt accessions (2): Q7Z5Q5, H0YA88

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. DNA polymerase with very low fidelity that catalyzes considerable misincorporation by inserting dTTP opposite a G template, and dGTP opposite a T template. Is the least accurate of the DNA polymerase A family (i.e. POLG, POLN and POLQ). Can perform accurate translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) past a 5S-thymine glycol. Can perform efficient strand displacement past a nick or a gap and gives rise to an amount of product similar to that on non-damaged template. Has no exonuclease activity. Error-prone DNA polymerase that preferentially misincorporates dT regardless of template sequence. May play a role in TLS during interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair. May be involved in TLS when genomic replication is blocked by extremely large major groove DNA lesions. May function in the bypass of some DNA-protein and DNA-DNA cross-links. May have a role in cellular tolerance to DNA cross-linking agents. Involved in the repair of DNA cross-links and double-strand break (DSB) resistance. Participates in FANCD2-mediated repair. Forms a complex with HELQ helicase that participates in homologous recombination (HR) repair and is essential for cellular protection against DNA cross-links.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with FANCD2, FANCI, PCNA, RAD51 and HELQ.

Subcellular location. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Highly expressed in testis and heart. Weakly expressed in skeletal muscle.

Activity regulation. Inhibited by ddTTP.

Similarity. Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-A family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q7Z5Q5-1	1	yes
Q7Z5Q5-3	2

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_861524* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001098	DNA-dir_DNA_pol_A_palm_dom	Domain
IPR002298	DNA_polymerase_A	Family
IPR036397	RNaseH_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR040940	DNA_pol_P_Exo	Domain
IPR043502	DNA/RNA_pol_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00476, PF18049

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• DNA(n) + a 2’-deoxyribonucleoside 5’-triphosphate = DNA(n+1) + diphosphate (RHEA:22508)

UniProt features (78 total): helix 31, strand 23, sequence variant 8, turn 5, mutagenesis site 3, region of interest 2, compositionally biased region 2, splice variant 2, chain 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

4 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
4XVK	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.95
4XVI	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.1
4XVM	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.2
4XVL	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.3

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q7Z5Q5-F1	75.70	0.56

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (3):

Position	Phenotype
623	abolishes catalytic activity.
675	reduces polymerase activity. no effect on accuracy.
679	no effect on polymerase activity. increases accuracy by ten-fold.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-6783310	Fanconi Anemia Pathway

MSigDB gene sets: 59 (showing top): GOBP_DNA_DAMAGE_TOLERANCE, KAUFFMANN_DNA_REPAIR_GENES, GOMF_DNA_POLYMERASE_ACTIVITY, GOBP_DNA_DAMAGE_RESPONSE, chr4p16, GOBP_DNA_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_INTERSTRAND_CROSS_LINK_REPAIR, REACTOME_FANCONI_ANEMIA_PATHWAY, REACTOME_DNA_REPAIR, GOBP_RECOMBINATIONAL_REPAIR, BURTON_ADIPOGENESIS_12, GOBP_DNA_REPLICATION, BURTON_ADIPOGENESIS_6, MARSON_BOUND_BY_FOXP3_UNSTIMULATED, MARSON_BOUND_BY_E2F4_UNSTIMULATED

GO Biological Process (9): double-strand break repair via homologous recombination (GO:0000724), DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair (GO:0000731), DNA-templated DNA replication (GO:0006261), double-strand break repair (GO:0006302), translesion synthesis (GO:0019985), interstrand cross-link repair (GO:0036297), DNA replication (GO:0006260), DNA repair (GO:0006281), DNA damage response (GO:0006974)

GO Molecular Function (8): DNA binding (GO:0003677), DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity (GO:0003887), cyclin binding (GO:0030332), nucleic acid binding (GO:0003676), protein binding (GO:0005515), transferase activity (GO:0016740), nucleotidyltransferase activity (GO:0016779), DNA polymerase activity (GO:0034061)

GO Cellular Component (2): nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
DNA Repair	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
DNA repair	3
DNA biosynthetic process	3
DNA metabolic process	2
binding	2
recombinational repair	1
double-strand break repair	1
DNA replication	1
DNA damage tolerance	1
DNA synthesis involved in DNA replication	1
DNA damage response	1
cellular response to stress	1
nucleic acid binding	1
DNA polymerase activity	1
protein binding	1
catalytic activity	1
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups	1
nucleotidyltransferase activity	1
catalytic activity, acting on DNA	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
nuclear lumen	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1577 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
POLN	HELQ	Q8TDG4	989
POLN	POLA1	P09884	933
POLN	POLM	Q9NP87	758
POLN	FANCD2	Q9BXW9	678
POLN	REV3L	O60673	658
POLN	POLG	P54098	655
POLN	POLD1	P28340	642
POLN	REV1	Q9UBZ9	636
POLN	POLL	Q9UGP5	621
POLN	POLE	Q07864	605
POLN	POLK	Q9UBT6	559
POLN	MAD2L2	Q9UI95	540
POLN	FANCM	Q8IYD8	527
POLN	RAD18	Q9NS91	526
POLN	POLQ	O75417	512

IntAct

0 interactions, top by confidence:

BioGRID (44): BRCA1 (Affinity Capture-MS), BARD1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PALB2 (Affinity Capture-MS), BRCA2 (Affinity Capture-MS), BRIP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RBBP8 (Affinity Capture-MS), BRCA1 (Affinity Capture-Western), POLN (Affinity Capture-Western), POLN (Affinity Capture-Western), POLN (Negative Genetic), POLN (Negative Genetic), POLN (Negative Genetic), POLN (Negative Genetic), POLN (Negative Genetic), POLN (Positive Genetic)

ESM2 similar proteins: A4D126, A7MCT6, C3VPR6, D3ZSK5, E1C5V0, E9PYK3, P50747, P58467, Q14CH1, Q1JP61, Q3TYX3, Q497B8, Q5BKC6, Q5F3V0, Q5I0C5, Q5ND52, Q5R5X9, Q5ZIZ2, Q5ZK17, Q6E804, Q6GMV2, Q6GQ33, Q7TQ07, Q7TQC5, Q7YRZ2, Q7Z2E3, Q7Z5Q5, Q80WC9, Q8BK58, Q8BTK5, Q8IYR2, Q8K3Z0, Q8K4H4, Q8N371, Q8NFZ0, Q8R5A0, Q8TBK2, Q920N2, Q96DP5, Q96EN8

Diamond homologs: A0KHE3, A0KZ94, A1JP96, A1RLT6, A1S8B8, A1SYB8, A3D2C6, A3QGM4, A4SQK3, A4Y4Y4, A6WL18, A7MR03, A7MYB8, A8FYJ2, A8GIF8, A8H6V6, A9KTM9, A9R2J1, B0TPG7, B1KQX1, B7LVW5, B8CS65, B8EAT2, C5BHA5, C6DAH2, F4I6M1, O05949, O08307, O32801, O34996, O51498, O52225, O67550, P00582, P0A551, P19821, P30313, P30314, P43741, P46835

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

158 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	113
Likely benign	15
Benign	3

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
57873	GRCh38/hg38 4p16.3(chr4:56878-3870653)x1	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

6509 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
4:2167233:C:CA	donor_gain	1.0000
4:2170678:CCA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
4:2170775:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2170779:A:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171092:CTTTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
4:2171093:TTTAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
4:2171094:TTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
4:2171095:TAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
4:2171096:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
4:2171096:A:C	donor_loss	1.0000
4:2171097:C:CA	donor_loss	1.0000
4:2171097:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
4:2171097:CCT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
4:2171177:CGAGC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171178:GAGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171179:AGC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171180:GC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171181:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171181:CCT:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
4:2171182:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171182:C:CG	acceptor_loss	1.0000
4:2171182:C:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171188:A:AC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2171188:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2174028:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2174035:C:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2198522:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
4:2198523:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
4:2198713:GGGGT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:2198716:GTCT:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

5907 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
4:2095882:C:A	K678N	0.992
4:2095882:C:G	K678N	0.992
4:2156835:A:G	W562R	0.992
4:2156835:A:T	W562R	0.992
4:2128133:A:C	F654L	0.988
4:2128133:A:T	F654L	0.988
4:2128135:A:G	F654L	0.988
4:2072263:A:G	W852R	0.987
4:2072263:A:T	W852R	0.987
4:2128114:A:G	W661R	0.986
4:2128114:A:T	W661R	0.986
4:2075499:T:A	D803V	0.985
4:2075493:A:G	L805P	0.981
4:2171128:A:C	F476L	0.981
4:2171128:A:T	F476L	0.981
4:2171130:A:G	F476L	0.981
4:2081014:C:A	K777N	0.979
4:2081014:C:G	K777N	0.979
4:2171154:C:G	A468P	0.979
4:2171129:A:G	F476S	0.977
4:2075511:G:T	A799D	0.975
4:2075512:C:G	A799P	0.975
4:2179423:A:G	L355P	0.975
4:2193273:A:G	C318R	0.975
4:2081718:T:A	R741S	0.974
4:2081718:T:G	R741S	0.974
4:2095894:T:A	R674S	0.974
4:2095894:T:G	R674S	0.974
4:2073023:A:T	V821D	0.973
4:2075490:A:G	L806P	0.971

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000016383 (4:2149542 C>G), RS1000028922 (4:2189696 A>G), RS1000033942 (4:2091120 C>G), RS1000036190 (4:2154900 T>C), RS1000037462 (4:2175051 T>C,G), RS1000040089 (4:2190233 T>C), RS1000083363 (4:2224509 A>T), RS10000953 (4:2182592 T>A,C), RS1000121252 (4:2172646 C>A,G,T), RS1000123561 (4:2232670 TAC>T), RS1000140004 (4:2074457 C>T), RS1000145629 (4:2080191 G>A,T), RS1000152275 (4:2227038 C>T), RS1000159202 (4:2148844 A>G), RS1000190709 (4:2108164 G>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:610887 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): prostate cancer (MONDO:0008315)

Orphanet (1): Familial prostate cancer (Orphanet:1331)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

4 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001342_6	Alzheimer’s disease	6.000000e-06
GCST006630_59	Diastolic blood pressure	6.000000e-13
GCST007637_34	Diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide	8.000000e-06
GCST008839_598	Height	7.000000e-09

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0006336	diastolic blood pressure
EFO:0009369	diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D011471	Prostatic Neoplasms	C04.588.945.440.770; C12.100.500.260.750; C12.100.500.565.625; C12.200.294.260.750; C12.200.294.565.625; C12.200.758.409.750; C12.900.619.750

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL2010628 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

19 total (human), top 19 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
N6-(2-hydroxy-3-buten-1-yl)-2’-deoxyadenosine	decreases activity	1
bisphenol A	decreases methylation, affects cotreatment	1
diepoxybutane	decreases activity, decreases reaction, affects binding	1
ferrous chloride	decreases expression	1
2’-deoxyadenosine	affects binding, decreases activity, decreases reaction	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	increases expression	1
Fulvestrant	affects cotreatment, decreases methylation	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Silicon Dioxide	decreases expression	1
Smoke	increases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation	1
Antirheumatic Agents	decreases expression	1
Acrylamide	increases expression	1
Particulate Matter	increases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

2 unique, capped per target: 2 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL2013672	Binding	Inhibition of C-terminal-His6-tagged human pol nu expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as inhibition of incorporation of dTTP into poly(dA)/oligo(dT)18 after 60 mins	Pinophilins A and B, inhibitors of mammalian A-, B-, and Y-family DNA polymerases and human cancer cell proliferation. — J Nat Prod

Cellosaurus cell lines

3 cell lines: 3 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_TF09	HAP1 POLN (-) 1	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_TF10	HAP1 POLN (-) 2	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_TF11	HAP1 POLN (-) 3	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00029224	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment With Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Breast Cancer, Multiple Myeloma, and Prostate Cancer With Cancer Related Bone Lesions
NCT00035997	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Open-label Trial on the Effect of I.V. Zoledronic Acid 4 mg on Bone Density in Hormone Sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastasis
NCT00063609	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Loss in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy
NCT00103623	PHASE4	SUSPENDED	The Plenaxis® Experience Study
NCT00106392	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Safety and Efficacy Study of Prograf in the Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction After Radical Prostatectomy
NCT00185029	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	MR-Lymphography and Lymph Node Staging in Prostate Cancer
NCT00199485	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Angelica Sinensis for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Men Undergoing LHRH Therapy for Prostate Cancer
NCT00219219	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Zoledronic Acid in the Prevention of Skeletal-related Events in Hormone Refractory and Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases
NCT00219271	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect Of Zoledronic Acid On Circulating And Bone Marrow-Residing Prostate Cancer Cells In Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
NCT00237146	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study to Evaluate Zoledronic Acid on Quality of Life and Skeletal-related Events as Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Hormone-naïve Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastasis Who Have Undergone Orchiectomy
NCT00242554	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Open-label Phase IV Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases
NCT00280098	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Docetaxel in the Treatment of Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer
NCT00293696	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Casodex/Zoladex Biomarkers in Localised Prostate Cancer
NCT00334139	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Metabolism in Patients With Bone Metastasis and Prostate or Breast Cancer
NCT00375765	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects On Dihydrotestosterone Regulated Gene Expression In Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Or Prostate Cancer
NCT00391690	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Bone Markers as Diagnostic Tools for Early Detection of Bone Metastases in Patients With High Risk Prostate Cancer
NCT00422708	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Local Anesthesia for Prostate Biopsy
NCT00526331	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Arterial Pressure Based Cardiac Output for Goal-Directed Perioperative Therapy
NCT00590213	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Compare the Value of Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Breast Radiotherapy in CASODEX
NCT00629330	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Dissemination of Prostate Cancer Screening to PCP’s in African American Communities
NCT00771966	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Radical Prostatectomy and Perioperative Fluid Therapy
NCT00805701	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study Assessing The Efficacy And Safety Of Avodart (Dutasteride) At Improving Urinary Symptoms In Men With Prostate Cancer Who Are Undergoing Seed Implantation
NCT00859027	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect Of Risedronate On Bone Mass In Older Men Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy For Prostate Cancer
NCT00906269	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Can Hyperbaric Oxygen Improve Erectile Function Following Surgery for Prostate Cancer
NCT00953277	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Nerve Reconstruction Using AVANCE in Subjects Who Undergo Robotic Assisted Prostatectomy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer
NCT00982800	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Does Postoperative Gabapentin Reduce Pain, Opioid Consumption and Anxiety and Have a Positive Effect on Health Related Quality of Life After Radical Prostatectomy?
NCT01083199	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Global Performance Evaluation of the AMS CONTINUUM™ Device
NCT01136226	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluate Recovery of Testosterone for Patients Using Eligard
NCT01161563	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Randomized Crossover Trial to Assess the Tolerability of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Analogue Administration
NCT01230905	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study to Monitor the Effects of Androgen Suppression Treatment on the Heart
NCT01296672	PHASE4	COMPLETED	3 Month Finasteride Challenge Test Can Significantly Improve the Performance of Screening for Prostate Cancer
NCT01365143	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Robotic Versus Open Radical Prostatectomy
NCT01379742	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Comparison of Between ThinSeed™ and OncoSeed™ for Permanent Prostate Brachytherapy
NCT01486563	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Hydroxyethyl Starch and Renal Function After Radical Prostatectomy
NCT01511874	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety Study of ELIGARD 22.5mg With Prostate Cancer
NCT01512472	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Firmagon (Degarelix) Intermittent Therapy
NCT01547416	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia on Diaphragmatic Function
NCT01571544	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Use of Thermal Suits as Preventing Hypothermia During Surgery
NCT01581749	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Evaluation of Truebeam for Low-Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer
NCT01649635	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Cabazitaxel Combined With Prednisone and Prophylaxis of Neutropenia Complications in the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer