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PRKCSH

gene
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Also known as VASAP-60GIIBPKCSH80K-HAGE-R2GIIbetaGluIIbeta

Summary

PRKCSH (PRKCSH beta subunit of glucosidase II, HGNC:9411) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19p13.2, encoding Glucosidase 2 subunit beta (P14314). Regulatory subunit of glucosidase II that cleaves sequentially the 2 innermost alpha-1,3-linked glucose residues from the Glc(2)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) oligosaccharide precursor of immature glycoproteins. It is haploinsufficient (ClinGen: sufficient evidence).

This gene encodes the beta-subunit of glucosidase II, an N-linked glycan-processing enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum. The encoded protein is an acidic phosphoprotein known to be a substrate for protein kinase C. Mutations in this gene have been associated with the autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 5589 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Gene–disease (curated): polycystic liver disease 1 (Definitive, ClinGen)
  • GWAS associations: 4
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 528 total — 24 pathogenic, 19 likely-pathogenic (top 6% of genes corpus-wide)
  • GTEx eGene: eQTL in 32 tissues, sQTL in 42 (q < 0.05)
  • Phenotypes (HPO): 26
  • Dosage sensitivity (ClinGen): haploinsufficiency sufficient evidence, triplosensitivity no evidence
  • Constraint (gnomAD): pLI 0.00 (LoF-tolerant), LOEUF 0.70 (unconstrained)
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_001289104

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:9411
Approved symbolPRKCSH
NamePRKCSH beta subunit of glucosidase II
Location19p13.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesVASAP-60, GIIB, PKCSH, 80K-H, AGE-R2, GIIbeta, GluIIbeta
Ensembl geneENSG00000130175
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM177060
Entrez5589

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 53 — 38 protein_coding, 7 retained_intron, 5 nonsense_mediated_decay, 3 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

MANE Select: ENST00000677123

Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported): TSL 1: 3, TSL 2: 6, TSL 3: 2, TSL 4: 4, TSL 5: 5

ENST00000677123, ENST00000585325, ENST00000585540, ENST00000586486, ENST00000587290, ENST00000587327, ENST00000587509, ENST00000588269, ENST00000589126, ENST00000589838, ENST00000589990, ENST00000590098, ENST00000591462, ENST00000591510, ENST00000591946, ENST00000592435, ENST00000592445, ENST00000592741, ENST00000593053, ENST00000593101, ENST00000593104, ENST00000676823, ENST00000852989, ENST00000852990, ENST00000852991, ENST00000852992, ENST00000852993, ENST00000852994, ENST00000852995, ENST00000852996, ENST00000852997, ENST00000852998, ENST00000852999, ENST00000853000, ENST00000853001, ENST00000853002, ENST00000853003, ENST00000853004, ENST00000853005, ENST00000853006, ENST00000853007, ENST00000853008, ENST00000853009, ENST00000916401, ENST00000951514, ENST00000951515, ENST00000951516, ENST00000951517, ENST00001066575, ENST00001066576, ENST00001118627, ENST00001118628, ENST00001123905

RefSeq mRNA: 7 — MANE Select: NM_001289104 NM_001001329, NM_001289102, NM_001289103, NM_001289104, NM_001379608, NM_001379609, NM_002743

CCDS: CCDS32911, CCDS45977, CCDS74286

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000677123 — 18 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000006799021144627211446350
ENSE000006799031144538911445473
ENSE000006799051144238611442515
ENSE000006799081144124011441357
ENSE000008647331145064611450968
ENSE000008647381144822211448291
ENSE000012977441144926611449428
ENSE000034736641144743911447618
ENSE000035445801144891411448988
ENSE000035504131144907611449175
ENSE000035577281143787611437971
ENSE000035856671143806711438124
ENSE000036074991143638911436505
ENSE000036244401143604111436196
ENSE000036383441144769311447789
ENSE000036636381144707411447160
ENSE000036788251144854011448629
ENSE000039098631143563511435706

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 288 present calls, max score 99.33.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 13.6451 / max 217.0966, expressed in 1667 samples.

Highest expression (Bgee): stromal cell of endometrium, type B pancreatic cell, olfactory bulb, ovary, C1 segment of cervical spinal cord.

Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL)

PRKCSH is an eGene in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in 32 tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in 42 (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant’s alternative allele.

showing 20 of 74 significant tissue × QTL associations:

TissueQTLq-valueSlopeLead variant
Cells Cultured fibroblastssqtl1.9e-49+1.7519:11447636:A:G
Thyroidsqtl1.7e-27+1.7019:11447636:A:G
Adipose Subcutaneoussqtl3.4e-27+1.6619:11447636:A:G
Skin Sun Exposed Lower legsqtl3.1e-26+1.5019:11447636:A:G
Testissqtl1.6e-24-1.1719:11436685:C:T
Whole Bloodsqtl6.0e-21+1.3919:11447636:A:G
Artery Tibialsqtl9.3e-21+1.3619:11447636:A:G
Brain Cerebellumsqtl1.4e-20+1.3119:11436685:C:T
Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubicsqtl5.9e-19+1.4419:11447636:A:G
Prostatesqtl2.0e-17+1.9119:11447636:A:G
Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytessqtl1.5e-16+1.5519:11447636:A:G
Adipose Visceral Omentumsqtl4.2e-16+1.4919:11447636:A:G
Nerve Tibialsqtl6.0e-16+1.3719:11447636:A:G
Lungsqtl7.1e-16+1.4719:11447636:A:G
Colon Transversesqtl5.1e-15+1.4919:11447636:A:G
Esophagus Muscularissqtl5.2e-13+1.3819:11447636:A:G
Spleeneqtl1.2e-12+0.3719:11448343:A:G
Esophagus Mucosasqtl1.2e-12+1.3219:11447636:A:G
Thyroideqtl1.3e-12+0.2219:11448343:A:G
Breast Mammary Tissuesqtl1.7e-12+1.3219:11447636:A:G

FANTOM5 promoters

showing 10 of 14 alternative TSS:

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
173920240.24101827
4560813.64511667
1739264.0159428
1739271.3303831
1739221.3169844
1739211.1611653
1739230.7458441
1739280.5445255
456100.3678111
1739180.2860119

Top tissues by expression

showing 100 of 294 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225599.33gold quality
type B pancreatic cellCL:000016999.18gold quality
olfactory bulbUBERON:000226499.15silver quality
left ovaryUBERON:000211998.92gold quality
right ovaryUBERON:000211898.83gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cordUBERON:000646998.81gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009498.75gold quality
right uterine tubeUBERON:000130298.66gold quality
body of pancreasUBERON:000115098.59gold quality
body of uterusUBERON:000985398.58gold quality
endocervixUBERON:000045898.57gold quality
right lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000111998.55gold quality
adenohypophysisUBERON:000219698.51gold quality
left lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000112098.47gold quality
gall bladderUBERON:000211098.38gold quality
spinal cordUBERON:000224098.38gold quality
ectocervixUBERON:001224998.38gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patchUBERON:000345498.37gold quality
body of stomachUBERON:000116198.34gold quality
minor salivary glandUBERON:000183098.33gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellumUBERON:001489098.33gold quality
transverse colonUBERON:000115798.31gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499198.31gold quality
thyroid glandUBERON:000204698.30gold quality
pituitary glandUBERON:000000798.27gold quality
skin of abdomenUBERON:000141698.24gold quality
skin of legUBERON:000151198.24gold quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534398.18gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402398.16gold quality
cerebellar hemisphereUBERON:000224598.14gold quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305398.14gold quality
metanephros cortexUBERON:001053398.14gold quality
left uterine tubeUBERON:000130398.12gold quality
cerebellar cortexUBERON:000212998.09gold quality
monocyteCL:000057698.07gold quality
left testisUBERON:000453398.07gold quality
left adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582598.03gold quality
stomachUBERON:000094598.01gold quality
left adrenal glandUBERON:000123498.01gold quality
smooth muscle tissueUBERON:000113598.00gold quality
right testisUBERON:000453497.99gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colonUBERON:003580597.99gold quality
right lobe of liverUBERON:000111497.97gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosaUBERON:000538697.97gold quality
small intestineUBERON:000210897.94gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000697.91gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123397.90gold quality
cardia of stomachUBERON:000116297.88gold quality
rectumUBERON:000105297.87gold quality
tibial nerveUBERON:000132397.87gold quality
right frontal lobeUBERON:000281097.86gold quality
pancreasUBERON:000126497.84gold quality
omental fat padUBERON:001041497.83gold quality
lymph nodeUBERON:000002997.82gold quality
upper lobe of left lungUBERON:000895297.82gold quality
leukocyteCL:000073897.81gold quality
right lungUBERON:000216797.81gold quality
peritoneumUBERON:000235897.80gold quality
adrenal cortexUBERON:000123597.79gold quality
right coronary arteryUBERON:000162597.78gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582797.78gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propriaUBERON:003584197.78gold quality
descending thoracic aortaUBERON:000234597.77gold quality
saliva-secreting glandUBERON:000104497.76gold quality
left coronary arteryUBERON:000162697.74gold quality
mononuclear cellCL:000084297.73gold quality
thoracic aortaUBERON:000151597.73gold quality
ascending aortaUBERON:000149697.72gold quality
spleenUBERON:000210697.71gold quality
inferior olivary complexUBERON:000212797.70gold quality
coronary arteryUBERON:000162197.68gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039797.67gold quality
mucosa of stomachUBERON:000119997.67gold quality
adrenal glandUBERON:000236997.64gold quality
putamenUBERON:000187497.63gold quality
apex of heartUBERON:000209897.63gold quality
amygdalaUBERON:000187697.61gold quality
lower esophagusUBERON:001347397.60gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layerUBERON:003583397.60gold quality
upper lobe of lungUBERON:000894897.55gold quality
mouth mucosaUBERON:000372997.52gold quality
aortaUBERON:000094797.51gold quality
vermiform appendixUBERON:000115497.49gold quality
bone marrow cellCL:000209297.47gold quality
caecumUBERON:000115397.46gold quality
lower esophagus mucosaUBERON:003583497.45gold quality
fundus of stomachUBERON:000116097.44gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal regionUBERON:000780897.44gold quality
nucleus accumbensUBERON:000188297.41gold quality
popliteal arteryUBERON:000225097.39gold quality
tibial arteryUBERON:000761097.39gold quality
prostate glandUBERON:000236797.31gold quality
cerebellumUBERON:000203797.28gold quality
esophagusUBERON:000104397.27gold quality
hypothalamusUBERON:000189897.26gold quality
right atrium auricular regionUBERON:000663197.26gold quality
caudate nucleusUBERON:000187397.25gold quality
ovaryUBERON:000099297.24gold quality
embryoUBERON:000092297.13gold quality
zone of skinUBERON:000001497.09gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-MTAB-6819yes129.35
E-ANND-3yes13.55
E-CURD-112no2.51

HPA expression

RNA tissue specificity: Low tissue specificity

showing 60 of 80 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM:

Tissue / cellAxisnTPMProtein (IHC)
Ovarytissue165.8medium
Pancreastissue162.8high
Bone marrowtissue160.1medium
Salivary glandtissue137.5medium
Thyroid glandtissue126.7high
Choroid plexustissue124.9
Livertissue123.9medium
Corpus callosumtissue118.8
Fallopian tubetissue118.7high
Duodenumtissue112.9high
Small intestinetissue110.0high
Spinal cordtissue109.5
Parathyroid glandtissue109.1low
Vaginatissue106.5medium
Epididymistissue106.4high
Pituitary glandtissue105.6
Placentatissue102.2high
Skin 1tissue99.7medium
Colontissue99.7high
Medulla oblongatatissue95.6
Rectumtissue92.6high
Midbraintissue92.4
Seminal vesicletissue92.0high
Endometrium 1tissue91.7medium
Hippocampustissue91.0high
Cervixtissue90.2medium
Lymph nodetissue87.3medium
Substantia nigratissue86.7
Stomach 1tissue86.4high
Locus coeruleustissue86.4
Gallbladdertissue86.2high
Superior colliculitissue86.1
Nucleus accumbenstissue84.1
Adipose tissuetissue83.4not detected
Thalamustissue83.4
Ponstissue82.7
Prostatetissue82.6medium
Tonsiltissue80.7medium
Spleentissue80.6medium
Urinary bladdertissue78.3medium
Thymustissue78.1
Postcentral gyrustissue76.8
Appendixtissue76.6high
Testistissue76.5high
Adrenal glandtissue75.9medium
Lungtissue75.8high
Esophagustissue75.4medium
Breasttissue73.8medium
Smooth muscletissue73.2low
Putamentissue72.7
Periaqueductal graytissue69.6
Hippocampal formationtissue69.5
Hypothalamustissue68.4
Ventral forebraintissue66.2
Kidneytissue65.6medium
Heart muscletissue65.3not detected
Skeletal muscletissue63.2not detected
Caudate putamentissue62.6
Septumtissue62.4
Frontal cortextissue62.0

Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas): detected in 192; highest nTPM — Nucleus gracilis (122.2), White matter (118.8), Cerebellar white matter (114.9), Globus pallidus, externus (113.3), Medial olivary nucleus (112.3).

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): E2F4

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

Targeting PRKCSH by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific).

26 miRNAs:

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-513A-5P100.0069.772465
HSA-MIR-449299.8768.253611
HSA-MIR-477999.8666.501583
HSA-MIR-444799.8567.812900
HSA-MIR-6756-5P99.8267.972466
HSA-MIR-6842-5P99.8067.541587
HSA-MIR-7110-5P99.8067.841712
HSA-MIR-370-5P99.7866.81706
HSA-MIR-92A-2-5P99.7567.012164
HSA-MIR-472999.6972.184233
HSA-MIR-6766-5P99.6867.702325
HSA-MIR-613299.6065.831554
HSA-MIR-6836-5P99.6065.621538
HSA-MIR-1207-5P99.4969.112983
HSA-MIR-4763-3P99.1067.832649
HSA-MIR-66199.0965.942062
HSA-MIR-328-5P99.0864.651000
HSA-MIR-570198.9769.541502
HSA-MIR-429798.7766.952013
HSA-MIR-1227-5P98.6565.321549
HSA-MIR-224-5P98.3370.121256
HSA-MIR-296-5P97.6164.02851
HSA-MIR-428697.2064.371587
HSA-MIR-874-5P96.9363.921014
HSA-MIR-5591-3P96.2367.03489
HSA-MIR-286195.2465.471056

Functional genomics

gnomAD constraint: pLI 2.26e-06, LOEUF 0.699, missense Z 0.397 — population loss-of-function intolerance (pLI ≥ 0.9 = LoF-intolerant; lower LOEUF = more constrained). gnomAD

Regional missense constraint (gnomAD)

ENST00000677123 splits into 2 regions with different missense tolerance; 0 are missense-constrained. Missense variants in a constrained region (low observed/expected) are more likely to be pathogenic. gnomAD

Region (GRCh38)Missense obs / expo/eConstrained
19:11,436,118–11,448,290549 / 520.21.06no
19:11,448,291–11,449,409137 / 188.80.73no
ClinGen dosage: haploinsufficiency 3 (sufficient evidence), triplosensitivity 0 (no evidence). ClinGen Gene Dosage Map

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 20)

  • Mutations in this protein cause isolated autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease. (PMID:12529853)
  • germline mutations in PRKCSH as the probable cause of autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (PMID:12577059)
  • autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease is genetically heterogeneous (PMID:15057895)
  • role of hepatocystin in carbohydrate processing and quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (PMID:15188177)
  • results identify 80K-H as a new player involved in GLUT4 vesicle transport and identify a link between a kinase involved in the insulin signalling cascade, PKCzeta, and a known component of the GLUT4 vesicle trafficking pathway, munc18c (PMID:15707389)
  • the majority of cysts from PRKCSH mutation carriers did not express hepatocystin (PMID:18224332)
  • Hepatocystin is not secreted in liver cyst fluids of autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease patients, suggesting that mutant hepatocystin is either not produced or degraded intracellularly. (PMID:18419150)
  • 80K-H is a novel regulator of IP3R1 activity, and it may contribute to neuronal functions. (PMID:18990696)
  • These results indicate that insulin induces dynamic associations between PKCzeta, 80K-H, and munc18c and that 80K-H may act as a key signaling link between PKCzeta and munc18c in live cells. (PMID:19061073)
  • Our results suggest that PRKCSH gene is not a major genetic cause of PCLD and there may be at least another locus responsible for the disease in Taiwan. (PMID:19308730)
  • PRKCSH functions as a chaperone-like molecule, which prevents endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of TRPP2. (PMID:19801576)
  • identified a total of 26 novel mutations in PRKCSH (n = 14) and SEC63 (n = 12), including four splice site mutations, eight insertions/ deletions, six non-sense mutations, and eight missense mutations (PMID:20095989)
  • The common SNPs tested in DDOST, PRKCSH and LGALS3 do not seem to be associated with diabetic micro- or macrovascular complications or with type 1 diabetes in Finnish patients. (PMID:20490454)
  • Results provide evidence that mutations at the coding PRKCSH GAG repeat are a target of MSI and are selectively associated with the MSI-H phenotype in gastric carcinomas. (PMID:21371016)
  • The induction of autophagy by hepatocystin deficiency is mediated through mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). (PMID:21681021)
  • Polycystic liver disease is recessive at the cellular level, and loss of functional PRKCSH is an important step in cystogenesis. (PMID:21856269)
  • This study demonstrated that Large copy number variations on germline level are not present in patients with a clinical diagnosis of Severe Polycystic Liver Disease. (PMID:26365003)
  • Results suggest that loss of PRKCSH and SEC63 leads to general defects in ciliogenesis, while quenching of the Wnt signaling cascade is cholangiocyte-restricted. (PMID:28973524)
  • Potential role of PRKCSH in lung cancer: bioinformatics analysis and a case study of Nano ZnO. (PMID:35254362)
  • PRKCSH serves as a potential immunological and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer. (PMID:38245572)

Cross-species orthologs

6 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_rerioprkcshENSDARG00000004470
mus_musculusPrkcshENSMUSG00000003402
rattus_norvegicusPrkcshENSRNOG00000013360
drosophila_melanogasterGCS2betaFBGN0032643
drosophila_melanogasterCG7685FBGN0038619
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00014249

Paralogs (1): GNPTG (ENSG00000090581)

Mouse-model phenotypes

Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog (MGI:107877) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 9 distinct phenotype terms.

Mouse phenotype (MP)Records
abnormal startle reflex1
premature death1
liver cyst1
kidney cyst1
dilated kidney collecting duct1
embryonic lethality during organogenesis, complete penetrance1
preweaning lethality, complete penetrance1
abnormal loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment morphology1
embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis1

Additional cross-species homologs

Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara’s model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions’ gene symbols aren’t in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession.

OrganismUniProtIdentityMethod
Bos taurusQ2803485.1%Diamond
Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288CQ0492451.9%Diamond
Arabidopsis thalianaQ9FM9650.3%Diamond

Genomic neighbors (locus context)

Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that).

SymbolTypeEntrez
ZNF653protein-coding115950
ELAVL3protein-coding1995
ECSITprotein-coding51295
EPORprotein-coding2057
RGL3protein-coding57139
MIR7974ncRNA102465856
ODAD3protein-coding115948
SWSAP1protein-coding126074
PLPPR2protein-coding64748

Protein

Protein identifiers

Glucosidase 2 subunit beta — P14314 (reviewed: P14314)

Alternative names: 80K-H protein, Glucosidase II subunit beta, Protein kinase C substrate 60.1 kDa protein heavy chain

All UniProt accessions (9): A0A0C4DGP4, A0A7I2V2T6, P14314, K7EIP3, K7EJ70, K7EKX1, K7EL27, K7ELL7, K7EPW7

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Regulatory subunit of glucosidase II that cleaves sequentially the 2 innermost alpha-1,3-linked glucose residues from the Glc(2)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) oligosaccharide precursor of immature glycoproteins. Required for efficient PKD1/Polycystin-1 biogenesis and trafficking to the plasma membrane of the primary cilia.

Subunit / interactions. Heterodimer of a catalytic alpha subunit (GANAB) and a beta subunit (PRKCSH). Binds glycosylated PTPRC.

Subcellular location. Endoplasmic reticulum.

Disease relevance. Polycystic liver disease 1 with or without kidney cysts (PCLD1) [MIM:174050] An autosomal dominant hepatobiliary disease characterized by overgrowth of biliary epithelium and supportive connective tissue, resulting in multiple liver cysts. A subset of patients may develop kidney cysts that usually do not result in clinically significant renal disease. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Pathway. Glycan metabolism; N-glycan metabolism.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
P14314-11yes
P14314-22

RefSeq proteins (7): NP_001001329, NP_001276031, NP_001276032, NP_001276033, NP_001366537, NP_001366538, NP_002734 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR002048EF_hand_domDomain
IPR009011Man6P_isomerase_rcpt-bd_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR011992EF-hand-dom_pairHomologous_superfamily
IPR018247EF_Hand_1_Ca_BSBinding_site
IPR028146PRKCSH_NDomain
IPR036055LDL_receptor-like_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR036607PRKCSHDomain
IPR039794Gtb1-likeFamily
IPR044865MRH_domDomain

Pfam: PF12999, PF13015, PF13202

Enzyme classification (BRENDA)

  • EC 3.2.1.207 — mannosyl-oligosaccharide alpha-1,3-glucosidase (BRENDA: 26 organisms, 73 substrates, 66 inhibitors, 27 Km, 5 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

14 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 14. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

SubstrateKm (mM)Measurements
MALTOSE0.43–57.74
P-NITROPHENYL ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE0.78–4814
4-NITROPHENYL ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE2.2–2.823
P-NITROPHENYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE0.5–0.923
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE0.013–0.0192
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE0.00031
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOSIDE0.05521
4-METHYLUMBELLYFERYL ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE0.0551
MALTOHEXAOSE15.31
MALTOTRIOSE26.71
N-[[2-CARBOXY-5-(4-METHOXYPHENYL)THIOPHEN-3-YL]C0.491
NIGEROSE2.131
P-NITROPHENYL-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE0.761
SUCROSE15.31

UniProt features (73 total): binding site 19, strand 11, disulfide bond 8, sequence variant 8, modified residue 7, domain 5, compositionally biased region 3, helix 3, glycosylation site 2, region of interest 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, splice variant 1, sequence conflict 1, short sequence motif 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

2 structures by resolution:

PDBTitleMethodResolution (Å)
8D43Cryo-EM structure of human Kidney Glucosidase IIELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.88
8EMRCryo-EM structure of human liver glucosidase IIELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.92

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-P14314-F184.330.66

Human Protein Atlas

Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins, Plasma proteins, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Congenital malformations, Congenital malformations of the digestive system

Protein evidence: Evidence at protein level

Subcellular location (HPA, imaging): endoplasmic reticulum

Antibody reliability (HPA): IH supported · IF approved

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (19)

PositionRole
49substrate
50Ca(2+)
53Ca(2+)
53substrate
55Ca(2+)
57Ca(2+)
63Ca(2+)
64Ca(2+)
91Ca(2+)
94Ca(2+)
96Ca(2+)
98Ca(2+)
104Ca(2+)
105Ca(2+)
222Ca(2+)
224Ca(2+)
226Ca(2+)
228Ca(2+)
233Ca(2+)

Post-translational modifications (7)

TypePositions
Phosphoserine24, 89, 168, 383, 390, 434
N6-succinyllysine166

Disulfide bonds (8)

TypePositions
Disulfide bond39–58, 56–70, 77–99, 97–112, 100–116, 415–428, 471–500, 485–512

Glycosylation sites (2)

TypePositions
N-linked (glcnac…) asparagine72, 476

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

7 curated (TAS) of 29; 11 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference).

29 pathways:

IDPathwayEvidence
R-HSA-9683686Maturation of spike protein ⚕curated
R-HSA-9694548Maturation of spike protein ⚕curated
R-HSA-901042Calnexin/calreticulin cyclecurated
R-HSA-532668N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cyclecurated
R-HSA-8957275Post-translational protein phosphorylationcurated
R-HSA-9768727Regulation of CDH1 posttranslational processing and trafficking to plasma membranecurated
R-HSA-381426Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)curated
R-HSA-1643685Disease ⚕—
R-HSA-5663205Infectious disease ⚕—
R-HSA-9772573Late SARS-CoV-2 Infection Events ⚕—
R-HSA-9679506SARS-CoV Infections ⚕—
R-HSA-9678108SARS-CoV-1 Infection ⚕—
R-HSA-9694516SARS-CoV-2 Infection ⚕—
R-HSA-9683701Translation of Structural Proteins ⚕—
R-HSA-9694635Translation of Structural Proteins ⚕—
R-HSA-9824446Viral Infection Pathways ⚕—
R-HSA-418990Adherens junctions interactions—
R-HSA-879415Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signalingelectronic
R-HSA-446203Asparagine N-linked glycosylation—
R-HSA-446728Cell junction organization—
R-HSA-1500931Cell-Cell communication—
R-HSA-421270Cell-cell junction organization—
R-HSA-168256Immune System—
R-HSA-168249Innate Immune System—
R-HSA-392499Metabolism of proteins—
R-HSA-597592Post-translational protein modification—
R-HSA-9764265Regulation of CDH1 Expression and Function—
R-HSA-9764274Regulation of Expression and Function of Type I Classical Cadherins—
R-HSA-9759476Regulation of Homotypic Cell-Cell Adhesion—

MSigDB gene sets: 640 (showing top): GOBP_N_GLYCAN_PROCESSING, GOBP_HEPATICOBILIARY_SYSTEM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_PHOSPHOLIPID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, REACTOME_INNATE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, BOYAULT_LIVER_CANCER_SUBCLASS_G56_DN, GOCC_VACUOLAR_MEMBRANE, GOCC_SECRETORY_GRANULE, GOBP_PROTEIN_N_LINKED_GLYCOSYLATION, ENK_UV_RESPONSE_KERATINOCYTE_UP, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_DN, YANG_BREAST_CANCER_ESR1_LASER_DN, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, TGACCTY_ERR1_Q2, LUCAS_HNF4A_TARGETS_UP, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT

GO Biological Process (3): liver development (GO:0001889), N-glycan processing (GO:0006491), intracellular signal transduction (GO:0035556)

GO Molecular Function (8): protein kinase C binding (GO:0005080), calcium ion binding (GO:0005509), transmembrane transporter binding (GO:0044325), phosphoprotein binding (GO:0051219), RNA binding (GO:0003723), protein binding (GO:0005515), protein-containing complex binding (GO:0044877), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (4): endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), endoplasmic reticulum lumen (GO:0005788), glucosidase II complex (GO:0017177), intracellular membrane-bounded organelle (GO:0043231)

Reactome top-level categories

showing 13 of 14 top-level categories:

CategoryPathways
Metabolism of proteins2
Post-translational protein modification2
Asparagine N-linked glycosylation1
Innate Immune System1
N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cycle1
Translation of Structural Proteins1
Regulation of CDH1 Expression and Function1
Immune System1
Cell-cell junction organization1
Cell junction organization1
Cell-Cell communication1
Disease1
SARS-CoV Infections1

GO top-level categories

21 GO namespaces:

CategoryTerms
intracellular anatomical structure2
protein binding2
binding2
gland development1
hepaticobiliary system development1
protein N-linked glycosylation1
glycoprotein biosynthetic process1
signal transduction1
protein kinase binding1
metal ion binding1
nucleic acid binding1
cation binding1
cytoplasm1
endomembrane system1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
endoplasmic reticulum1
intracellular organelle lumen1
endoplasmic reticulum protein-containing complex1
glucosidase complex1
membrane-bounded organelle1
intracellular organelle1

Experimentally-supported GO annotations

GO terms backed by direct experimental evidence (ECO experimental codes) — 7 of 15 annotations. The rest are phylogenetic / computational / electronic (IEA).

7 experimentally-supported GO terms:

GO termNSEvidence
N-glycan processingBPdirect assay
endoplasmic reticulumCCdirect assay
glucosidase II complexCCdirect assay
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCCmutant phenotype
phosphoprotein bindingMFphysical interaction
protein kinase C bindingMFphysical interaction
transmembrane transporter bindingMFphysical interaction

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

showing 15 of 1,414 interactions by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
PRKCSHSEC63Q9UGP8963
PRKCSHGANABQ14697882
PRKCSHDDOSTP39656774
PRKCSHMARCKSP29966766
PRKCSHHERPUD1Q15011760
PRKCSHPKD1P98161744
PRKCSHALG8Q9BVK2741
PRKCSHPKD2Q13563730
PRKCSHPKHD1P08F94677
PRKCSHSEC61BP38390674
PRKCSHMOGSQ13724601
PRKCSHDNAJB11Q9UBS4596
PRKCSHPRKD1Q15139562
PRKCSHSEC61A1P38378547
PRKCSHALG5Q9Y673513

IntAct

Human interaction partners of PRKCSH in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records).

27 partners by confidence:

PartnerInteraction typeMIscoreRecords
GANABdirect interaction0.6105
RGS2physical association0.5502
AURKAassociation0.5302
CDC37physical association0.4001
DMDphysical association0.4001
KIF27physical association0.4001
LRRD1physical association0.4001
NANOGNBphysical association0.4001
PLCZ1physical association0.4001
PPIBphysical association0.4001
PRDM15physical association0.4001
SPAG17physical association0.4001
TOGARAM1physical association0.4001
UNC13Cphysical association0.4001
FXR1physical association0.3701
GBA3physical association0.3701
RPS6physical association0.3701
VDRphysical association0.3701
K2association0.3501
KLRG2association0.3501
ARL4Dphysical association0.0001
CDC5Lphysical association0.0001
ELF3physical association0.0001
GABARAPL2physical association0.0001
GET4physical association0.0001
IKBKEphysical association0.0001
TRAF6physical association0.0001

BioGRID (360 interactions; top human partners by supporting records): AURKA (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), DENND6A (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), GANAB (Co-fractionation; 3 records), PEX14 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), PITRM1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), SLC27A2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), TSC2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), ZGRF1 (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS); 3 records), C19orf10 (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS); 2 records), CALR (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), CALR3 (Proximity Label-MS; 2 records), CLEC4E (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), COPG1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), COX4I1 (Proximity Label-MS; 2 records), DNA2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records)

SIGNOR signaling

1 signaling interactions:

AEffectBMechanism
PRKCSH“form complex”“Glucosidase II complex”binding

Disease & clinical

Genetic variants

Variant evidence for PRKCSH: 528 ClinVar records (43 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); 4 GWAS associations. Per-variant detail is on Sugi Variant.

ClinVar

528 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic24
Likely pathogenic19
Uncertain significance205
Likely benign148
Benign27

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (15)

Showing the 15 best-reviewed of 43 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic ClinVar records, ranked by ClinVar review status (expert panel → multiple submitters → single submitter), then by number of submitting labs.

Variant IDHGVSClassificationReviewSubmitters
1048653NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.374_375del (p.Glu125fs)Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts8
3583455NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.1289dup (p.Tyr430Ter)Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts4
13240NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.1461+2_1461+3delPathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts3
992438NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.1191dup (p.Ile398fs)Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts3
1435046NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.353dup (p.Lys119fs)Pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts2
636894NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.762+2T>CLikely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts5
1685413NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.683+1G>ALikely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts2
3310005NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.684-1G>ALikely pathogeniccriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts2
13238NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.1362-2A>GPathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter2
13243NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.215dup (p.Asn72fs)Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter2
1255531NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.1290C>A (p.Tyr430Ter)Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter2
1255667NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.487C>T (p.Gln163Ter)Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter2
94076NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.1534G>T (p.Glu512Ter)Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter1
194734NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.1481_1484del (p.Lys494fs)Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter1
2752177NM_001289104.2(PRKCSH):c.1467_1477del (p.Leu490fs)Pathogeniccriteria provided, single submitter1

Per-variant reference — Sugi Variant

Explore PRKCSH’s pathogenic and likely-pathogenic variants individually — each with its ClinVar classification and conditions, applied ACMG criteria (ClinGen expert panel, where curated), the calibrated in-silico predictors (AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt, conservation), gnomAD frequency, and the predictor-disagreement QC signal — on Sugi Variant.

SpliceAI

Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 24 predictions of 1,497):

Position(s)EffectΔscoreSites
19:11436387–11436388acceptor_loss1.00005
19:11436506–11436507donor_loss1.00003
19:11437873acceptor_gain1.0000
19:11437874–11437875acceptor_loss1.00006
19:11437973donor_loss1.00002
19:11438059acceptor_gain1.0000
19:11438064acceptor_gain1.0000
19:11438065acceptor_loss1.0000
19:11438122donor_gain1.0000
19:11438125–11438126donor_loss1.00003

HPA cancer prognostics

RNA cancer specificity: Low cancer specificity

Human Protein Atlas survival analysis — favorable = higher expression predicts better survival.

1 prognostic cancer types:

CancerPrognosticp-value
Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (validation)unfavorable0.000239

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:177060 | disease phenotypes: MIM:174050

GenCC curated gene-disease

1 curated gene-disease records:

DiseaseClassificationInheritanceRecords
polycystic liver disease 1DefinitiveAutosomal dominant5

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

1 validity classifications:

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
polycystic liver disease 1DefinitiveAD

Genomics England panels (PanelApp)

Clinical diagnostic gene panels including this gene (5 panels, 5 green/diagnostic-grade). Confidence: green = diagnostic, amber = moderate.

5 panels:

PanelRating
Cystic kidney diseasegreen
Cystic renal diseasegreen
Ductal plate malformationgreen
Polycystic liver diseasegreen
Unexplained young onset end-stage renal diseasegreen

Mondo (2): autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (MONDO:0000447), polycystic liver disease 1 (MONDO:0008265)

Orphanet (1): Isolated polycystic liver disease (Orphanet:2924)

HPO phenotypes

26 phenotypes (HPO-id order):

HPOTerm
HP:0000006Autosomal dominant inheritance
HP:0000107Renal cyst
HP:0000952Jaundice
HP:0001541Ascites
HP:0001654Abnormal heart valve morphology
HP:0001732Abnormality of the pancreas
HP:0002020Gastroesophageal reflux
HP:0002027Abdominal pain
HP:0002086Abnormality of the respiratory system
HP:0002093Respiratory insufficiency
HP:0002094Dyspnea
HP:0002239Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
HP:0002240Hepatomegaly
HP:0002617Vascular dilatation
HP:0003155Elevated circulating alkaline phosphatase concentration
HP:0003270Abdominal distention
HP:0003418Back pain
HP:0003573Increased total bilirubin
HP:0003581Adult onset
HP:0004944Dilatation of the cerebral artery
HP:0005562Multiple renal cysts
HP:0006557Polycystic liver disease
HP:0008872Feeding difficulties in infancy
HP:0010741Pedal edema
HP:0030948Elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase level
HP:0033842Early satiety

GWAS associations

4 associations:

StudyTraitp-value
GCST009240_270Serum metabolite levels (CMS)1e-12
GCST003563_3Presence of antiphospholipid antibodies5e-8
GCST003563_8Presence of antiphospholipid antibodies3e-6
GCST003563_9Presence of antiphospholipid antibodies4e-6

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL5242 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no)

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

1 measured of 1 human assays (1 total across all organisms); most potent 1 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

LigandMeasureValue
CHEMBL5653589KD1440 nM

ChEMBL bioactivities

2 potent at pChembl≥5 of 2 total, top 2 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
7.24Kd57.67nMCHEMBL5653589
7.24ED5057.67nMCHEMBL5653589

PubChem BioAssay actives

1 with measured affinity, of 2 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide2149082: Binding affinity to human PRKCSH incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assaykd0.0577uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

63 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
bisphenol Aaffects expression, decreases expression, increases expression3
sodium arseniteincreases expression3
epigallocatechin gallateaffects cotreatment, increases expression2
Air Pollutantsincreases abundance, increases expression, affects cotreatment2
Cadmiumdecreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation, decreases expression2
Particulate Matterincreases abundance, increases expression, affects cotreatment2
bisphenol Fincreases expression1
dicrotophosincreases expression1
2,4,6-tribromophenolincreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
alpha-pineneincreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment1
sodium arsenatedecreases expression1
titanium dioxideincreases expression1
pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl etherdecreases expression, affects localization, increases expression, affects cotreatment1
decabromobiphenyl etherincreases expression1
beta-lapachonedecreases expression1
tetrabromobisphenol Aincreases expression1
2-bromopalmitatedecreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation1
sulindac sulfidedecreases expression1
ochratoxin Aincreases expression, increases acetylation1
potassium chromate(VI)affects cotreatment, increases expression1
aflatoxin B2decreases methylation1
cupric oxidedecreases expression1
methacrylaldehydeaffects cotreatment, increases expression, increases abundance1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
bisphenol Bincreases expression1
14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolidedecreases expression1
2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl etherincreases expression1
pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100increases expression1
hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153increases expression1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL5652124BindingBinding affinity to human PRKCSH incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assayNVP-BHG712: Effects of Regioisomers on the Affinity and Selectivity toward the EPHrin Family. — *ChemMedChem*

Cellosaurus cell lines

2 cell lines: 1 transformed cell line, 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_B3EWAbcam HEK293T PRKCSH KOTransformed cell lineFemale
CVCL_E2HVHAP1 PRKCSH (-)Cancer cell lineMale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

17 trials:

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT01157858Phase 2COMPLETEDEverolimus and LongActing Octreotide Trial in Polycystic Livers
NCT01670110Phase 2COMPLETEDPasireotide LAR in Severe Polycystic Liver Disease
NCT02021110Phase 2COMPLETEDUrsodeoxycholic Acid as Treatment for Polycystic Liver Disease
NCT05478083Phase 2RECRUITINGA GnRH Agonist IN Pre-menopausal Women STudy to Treat Severe Polycystic Liver Disease
NCT00426153Phase 2/3COMPLETEDOctreotide in Severe Polycystic Liver Disease
NCT00565097Phase 2/3COMPLETEDLanreotide as Treatment of Polycystic Livers
NCT00771888Phase 2/3UNKNOWNOpen-Label Extension of LOCKCYST Trial
NCT01315795Phase 2/3COMPLETEDLanreotide Autogel in the Treatment of Symptomatic Polycystic Liver Disease
NCT05281328Phase 2/3ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGA Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Octreotide Subcutaneous Depot in Patients With PLD
NCT00934791Not specifiedTERMINATEDPolycystic Liver Disease in Kidney Transplant
NCT01354405Not specifiedCOMPLETEDSomatostatin Analogues as a Volume Reducing Treatment of Polycystic Livers (RESOLVE)
NCT02173080Not specifiedCOMPLETEDDevelopment and Assessment of The Polycystic Liver Disease Questionnaire (PLD-Q).
NCT03960710Not specifiedUNKNOWNAutomatic Segmentation of Polycystic Liver
NCT04645251Not specifiedRECRUITINGPolycystic Liver Disease Registry (UK)
NCT05215964Not specifiedUNKNOWNThe Association Between Skeletal Muscle Mass and Severity of Polycystic Liver Disease and Polycystic Kidney Disease
NCT05500157Not specifiedUNKNOWNAssessment of Treatment With Laparoscopic Fenestration or Aspiration Sclerotherapy for Large Symptomatic Hepatic Cysts
NCT04111692Not specifiedRECRUITINGA Prospective Observational Study of Foam Sclerotherapy .

Predicted chemistry — Sugi Predict

The predicted patent-compound landscape for PRKCSH across ~30M SureChEMBL compounds — explore on Sugi Predict.