PTPRO

Summary

PTPRO (protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O, HGNC:9678) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 12p12.3, encoding Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase O (Q16827). Possesses tyrosine phosphatase activity.

This gene encodes a member of the R3 subtype family of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases. These proteins are localized to the apical surface of polarized cells and may have tissue-specific functions through activation of Src family kinases. This gene contains two distinct promoters, and alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed. The encoded proteins may have multiple isoform-specific and tissue-specific functions, including the regulation of osteoclast production and activity, inhibition of cell proliferation and facilitation of apoptosis. This gene is a candidate tumor suppressor, and decreased expression of this gene has been observed in several types of cancer.

Source: NCBI Gene 5800 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): nephrotic syndrome, type 6 (Strong, GenCC) — +1 more curated relationship
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 527 total — 5 pathogenic, 5 likely-pathogenic
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_030667

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:9678
Approved symbol	PTPRO
Name	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O
Location	12p12.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	PTPU2, GLEPP1, PTP-U2, PTP-oc, NPHS6
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000151490
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	600579
Entrez	5800

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 27 — 12 protein_coding, 8 nonsense_mediated_decay, 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 3 retained_intron

ENST00000281171, ENST00000348962, ENST00000442921, ENST00000445537, ENST00000535311, ENST00000535322, ENST00000538907, ENST00000542557, ENST00000543886, ENST00000544244, ENST00000544706, ENST00000545023, ENST00000674186, ENST00000674188, ENST00000674220, ENST00000674261, ENST00000674286, ENST00000674316, ENST00000674352, ENST00000674354, ENST00000674385, ENST00000674388, ENST00000674391, ENST00000674392, ENST00000674434, ENST00000674483, ENST00000866319

RefSeq mRNA: 6 — MANE Select: NM_030667 NM_002848, NM_030667, NM_030668, NM_030669, NM_030670, NM_030671

CCDS: CCDS44837, CCDS53754, CCDS8674, CCDS8675

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000281171 — 27 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000999881	15515498	15515618
ENSE00000999885	15520201	15520312
ENSE00001122204	15483974	15484247
ENSE00001147141	15516763	15516956
ENSE00001147146	15508571	15508767
ENSE00001147152	15503908	15504069
ENSE00001147160	15501620	15502063
ENSE00001147165	15499442	15499594
ENSE00001147171	15497245	15497403
ENSE00001696478	15589455	15589590
ENSE00001712330	15586897	15587051
ENSE00001714929	15581679	15581801
ENSE00001744436	15551551	15551671
ENSE00001764566	15560193	15560276
ENSE00001769993	15594937	15595057
ENSE00001777401	15526142	15526262
ENSE00001781585	15580697	15580831
ENSE00001791853	15546569	15546708
ENSE00002241549	15524814	15524965
ENSE00002302613	15322508	15322801
ENSE00003477622	15549094	15549226
ENSE00003581969	15578853	15578943
ENSE00003583302	15580039	15580115
ENSE00003607490	15565593	15565628
ENSE00003634363	15557455	15557523
ENSE00003684068	15569417	15569498
ENSE00003845713	15596090	15598331

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 214 present calls, max score 98.36.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 3.3795 / max 238.0984, expressed in 522 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (10 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
124488	0.7247	163
124492	0.6656	225
124491	0.4918	152
124493	0.4380	139
124484	0.4324	132
124489	0.4279	128
124486	0.0771	38
124483	0.0660	39
124485	0.0291	12
124487	0.0270	8

Top tissues by expression

289 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
renal glomerulus	UBERON:0000074	98.36	gold quality
metanephric glomerulus	UBERON:0004736	98.22	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	97.38	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	93.71	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	91.25	gold quality
kidney epithelium	UBERON:0004819	87.83	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	87.39	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	86.50	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	84.92	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	84.84	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	84.15	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	83.76	gold quality
metanephros	UBERON:0000081	83.55	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	83.55	gold quality
cortex of kidney	UBERON:0001225	82.91	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	82.54	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	82.38	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46	UBERON:0006483	82.34	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	82.06	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	82.05	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	81.63	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	81.46	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	81.36	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	81.32	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	81.04	gold quality
frontal lobe	UBERON:0016525	81.02	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	80.96	gold quality
mucosa of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0004993	80.66	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	80.63	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	80.60	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 8 experiment(s), a significant marker in 8.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-131882	yes	9874.95
E-CURD-119	yes	9566.57
E-GEOD-114530	yes	2043.25
E-CURD-135	yes	1441.69
E-HCAD-10	yes	1398.09
E-HCAD-35	yes	89.47
E-GEOD-125970	yes	21.56
E-ANND-3	yes	6.08

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

111 targeting PTPRO, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P	100.00	69.33	1837
HSA-MIR-3162-3P	100.00	65.37	363
HSA-MIR-8485	100.00	77.57	4731
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-3667-3P	99.99	67.17	1636
HSA-MIR-186-5P	99.99	70.83	3707
HSA-MIR-32-5P	99.98	75.21	1964
HSA-MIR-92A-3P	99.98	75.21	1960
HSA-MIR-92B-3P	99.98	75.25	1955
HSA-MIR-25-3P	99.98	74.60	1817
HSA-MIR-363-3P	99.98	74.72	1821
HSA-MIR-367-3P	99.98	74.83	1819
HSA-MIR-4715-3P	99.98	66.03	670
HSA-MIR-4803	99.98	71.99	3117
HSA-MIR-520D-5P	99.98	73.34	4883
HSA-MIR-524-5P	99.98	73.43	4882
HSA-MIR-8068	99.98	73.85	2376
HSA-MIR-5688	99.96	73.23	4504
HSA-MIR-495-3P	99.96	72.81	4197
HSA-MIR-302E	99.96	70.74	2669
HSA-MIR-185-3P	99.95	67.01	1743
HSA-MIR-6783-3P	99.89	67.92	2059
HSA-MIR-1343-3P	99.89	66.78	1815
HSA-MIR-302C-3P	99.89	71.20	1778
HSA-MIR-4739	99.84	65.25	1832
HSA-MIR-202-3P	99.84	71.41	1290
HSA-MIR-1321	99.84	65.30	1811
HSA-MIR-4756-5P	99.84	64.98	1809
HSA-MIR-6079	99.84	68.54	1170

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 37)

• conclude that an intronic promoter within the protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type(GLEPP1) gene drives the expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase-osteoclast(PTP) in a cell type-specific manner (PMID:12949066)
• overexpression of PTPROt inhibited BCR-triggered SYK tyrosyl phosphorylation, activation of the associated adaptor proteins SHC and BLNK, and downstream signaling events, and inhibition lymphoma cell proliferation and inducion of lymphoma cell apoptosis (PMID:16888096)
• PTPRO methylation and silencing has a role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia tumorigenesis (PMID:17545520)
• GLEPP1 expression may be a useful marker of podocyte injury in immunoglobulin A nephropathy, and may be predictive of clinical and pathological severity (PMID:17593862)
• PTPRO gene is co-regulated by both E2F1 and miR-17-92. (PMID:18644370)
• These data suggest that estrogen-mediated suppression of PTPRO is probably one of the early events in estrogen-induced tumorigenesis and that expression of PTPRO could facilitate endocrine therapy of breast cancer. (PMID:19095770)
• Dimerization of neuronal type III receptor-protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRO in living cells is regulated by disulfide linkages in the PTPRO intracellular domain. (PMID:19573017)
• BCL6 repressed PTPROt transcription via a direct interaction with functional BCL6 binding sites in the PTPROt promoter (PMID:19855081)
• The present study introduces mutations in PTPRO as another cause of autosomal-recessive nephrotic syndrome. (PMID:21722858)
• These findings further substantiate the role of TCL1 in PTPROt suppression and its importance in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:22001392)
• hypermethylated PTPRO occurs frequently in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (PMID:22099875)
• Three intronic SNPs in PTPRO were associated with learning and memory. (PMID:22126837)
• ErbB2 is a direct substrate of PTPRO and decreased expression of PTPRO predicts poor prognosis for ErbB2-positive breast cancer patients. (PMID:22851698)
• methylation and downregulation of PTPRO in a subset of primary human HCC and establish VCP as a novel functionally important substrate of this tyrosine phosphatase that could be a potential molecular target for HCC therapy. (PMID:23533167)
• PTPRO methylation is associated with poor survival only in HER2-positive patients. (PMID:24090193)
• PTPRO level was decreased in the early phase but reversed in the late phase of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury. (PMID:24128416)
• Our study suggests an interesting PTPRO/TLR4/NF-kappaB signaling feedback loop in Hhepatocellular carcinomcarcinogenesis and progression (PMID:25034527)
• Results highlight the PTPRO contribution in negative regulation of SRC/EGFR signaling in colon cancer. (PMID:25301722)
• PTPRO was drastically decreased in fulminant hepatitis, and this was associated with enhanced beta-catenin accumulation but reduced IFN-gamma secretion. (PMID:25339662)
• The optimal pH value of PTP-oc is approximately 7.0. (PMID:25462809)
• Loss of PTPRO expression is associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:25482129)
• These observations confirm that PTPRO plays a critical role in liver fibrogenesis by affecting PDGF signaling in HSC activation and might be developed into a feasible therapeutic approach for the treatment of chronic fibrotic liver diseases. (PMID:25633279)
• PTPRO truncated serves as an important tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment. (PMID:26117839)
• Single nucleotide polymorphism in PTPRO gene is associated with Acute Renal Graft Rejection. (PMID:27272414)
• Results provide evidence that PTPRO inhibits ERBB2-driven breast cancer through dephosphorylation leading to dual effects of ERBB2 signaling suppression and endosomal internalization of ERBB2. (PMID:27345410)
• PTPRO is a novel candidate gene in emphysema with severe airflow obstruction. (PMID:28199135)
• the present study demonstrated that PTPRO inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, indicating the tumor suppressive function of PTPRO in LSCC. This study highlights PTPRO as an epigenetically silenced gene, and a candidate tumor-suppressor of LSCC. (PMID:28586036)
• PTPRO was significantly upregulated and negatively associated with miR-548c-5p in placental mononuclear cells in patients with preeclampsia. (PMID:30443949)
• LncRNA HULC promotes lung squamous cell carcinoma by regulating PTPRO via NF-kappaB. (PMID:31448453)
• PTPRO exaggerates inflammation in ulcerative colitis through TLR4/NF-kappaB pathway. (PMID:31452237)
• IL-6 promotes PD-L1 expression in monocytes and macrophages by decreasing protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:32581055)
• MiR-6869-5p Induces M2 Polarization by Regulating PTPRO in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. (PMID:34007244)
• Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) knockdown enhances the proliferative, invasive and angiogenic activities of trophoblast cells by suppressing ER resident protein 44 (ERp44) expression in preeclampsia. (PMID:34719307)
• PTPRO activates TLR4/NF-kappaB signaling to intensify lipopolysaccharide-induced pneumonia cell injury. (PMID:35527665)
• PTPRO-related CD8(+) T-cell signatures predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with breast cancer. (PMID:36003382)
• Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRO represses lung adenocarcinoma progression by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and restraining tumor metastasis. (PMID:38182570)
• Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O serves as a key regulator of insulin resistance-induced alpha-synuclein aggregation in Parkinson’s disease. (PMID:39276174)

Cross-species orthologs

7 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	ptpro	ENSDARG00000100422
danio_rerio		ENSDARG00000110470
mus_musculus	Ptpro	ENSMUSG00000030223
rattus_norvegicus	Ptpro	ENSRNOG00000006231
drosophila_melanogaster	Ptp4E	FBGN0004368
drosophila_melanogaster	Ptp10D	FBGN0004370
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00009717

Paralogs (35): PTPRN (ENSG00000054356), PTPRU (ENSG00000060656), PTPN3 (ENSG00000070159), PTPN21 (ENSG00000070778), PTPN18 (ENSG00000072135), PTPN23 (ENSG00000076201), PTPRH (ENSG00000080031), PTPRC (ENSG00000081237), PTPN4 (ENSG00000088179), PTPRS (ENSG00000105426), PTPRZ1 (ENSG00000106278), PTPN5 (ENSG00000110786), PTPN6 (ENSG00000111679), PTPRB (ENSG00000127329), PTPN12 (ENSG00000127947), PTPRE (ENSG00000132334), PTPRA (ENSG00000132670), PTPN22 (ENSG00000134242), PTPRF (ENSG00000142949), PTPN7 (ENSG00000143851), PTPRG (ENSG00000144724), PTPRJ (ENSG00000149177), PTPN14 (ENSG00000152104), PTPRK (ENSG00000152894), PTPRR (ENSG00000153233), PTPRD (ENSG00000153707), PTPRN2 (ENSG00000155093), PTPN13 (ENSG00000163629), PTPN9 (ENSG00000169410), PTPRM (ENSG00000173482), PTPN2 (ENSG00000175354), PTPN11 (ENSG00000179295), PTPRT (ENSG00000196090), PTPN1 (ENSG00000196396), PTPN20 (ENSG00000204179)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase O — Q16827 (reviewed: Q16827)

Alternative names: Glomerular epithelial protein 1, Protein tyrosine phosphatase U2

All UniProt accessions (10): Q16827, A0A6I8PIM6, A0A6I8PL17, A0A6I8PRB8, A0A6I8PRG8, A0A6I8PRZ5, A0A6I8PS48, A0A6I8PU14, H0YH11, H0YH60

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Possesses tyrosine phosphatase activity. Plays a role in regulating the glomerular pressure/filtration rate relationship through an effect on podocyte structure and function.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts (phosphorylated form) with FYN and GRB2.

Subcellular location. Membrane.

Tissue specificity. Glomerulus of kidney. Also detected in brain, lung and placenta.

Disease relevance. Nephrotic syndrome 6 (NPHS6) [MIM:614196] A form of nephrotic syndrome, a renal disease clinically characterized by severe proteinuria, resulting in complications such as hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia and edema. Kidney biopsies show non-specific histologic changes such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and diffuse mesangial proliferation. Some affected individuals have an inherited steroid-resistant form and progress to end-stage renal failure. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Induction. By various differentiation-inducing agents.

Miscellaneous. Predominantly expressed in B-lymphoid tissues.

Similarity. Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 3 subfamily.

Isoforms (5)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q16827-1	1	yes
Q16827-2	2
Q16827-3	3, PTPROt
Q16827-4	4
Q16827-5	5

RefSeq proteins (6): NP_002839, NP_109592, NP_109593, NP_109594, NP_109595, NP_109596 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000242	PTP_cat	Domain
IPR000387	Tyr_Pase_dom	Domain
IPR003595	Tyr_Pase_cat	Domain
IPR003961	FN3_dom	Domain
IPR013783	Ig-like_fold	Homologous_superfamily
IPR016130	Tyr_Pase_AS	Active_site
IPR029021	Prot-tyrosine_phosphatase-like	Homologous_superfamily
IPR036116	FN3_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR042996	PTPRO	Family
IPR058859	Fn3_R-PTP-O	Domain

Pfam: PF00041, PF00102, PF26586

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 3.1.3.48 — protein-tyrosine-phosphatase (BRENDA: 59 organisms, 501 substrates, 1326 inhibitors, 270 Km, 165 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

70 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 15. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
4-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHATE	0.0008–148	84
6,8-DIFLUORO-4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL PHOSPHATE	0.0039–0.862	27
P-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHATE	0.0024–10	20
DADEPYLIPQQG	0.0003–0.1	12
PHOSPHOTYROSINE	0.012–30	11
LYSOZYME	0.0003–0.012	5
MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN	0.0001–0.022	5
ACETYL-DADEPY-NH2	0.0228–0.219	4
ACETYL-DADEPYL-NH2	1.1–97.5	4
4,6,8-TRIMETHYL-2-OXO-2H-CHROMEN-7-YL DIHYDROGEN	0.02–0.156	3
SASASPYSASA	0.53–2.3	3
1-NAPHTHYL PHOSPHATE	1.19–1.88	2
3,6-FLUORESCEIN DIPHOSPHATE	15–19	2
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL PHOSPHATE	0.953–2.41	2
BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN	0.0001–0.0003	2

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• O-phospho-L-tyrosyl-[protein] + H2O = L-tyrosyl-[protein] + phosphate (RHEA:10684)

UniProt features (80 total): glycosylation site 15, sequence conflict 15, strand 13, helix 10, domain 9, splice variant 4, binding site 3, turn 3, modified residue 2, topological domain 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, active site 1, transmembrane region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

2 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
2GJT	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.15
2G59	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.19

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q16827-F1	77.55	0.34

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 1136 (phosphocysteine intermediate)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (3): 1102; 1136–1142; 1180

Post-translational modifications (2): 865, 1210

Glycosylation sites (15): 75, 154, 189, 201, 227, 278, 287, 323, 324, 370, 461, 490, 700, 712, 733

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-9034015	Signaling by NTRK3 (TRKC)

MSigDB gene sets: 403 (showing top): GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_BLOOD_PRESSURE, GOBP_MYELOID_LEUKOCYTE_MIGRATION, GOBP_CIRCULATORY_SYSTEM_PROCESS, GOBP_CELL_CHEMOTAXIS, GOBP_RETINAL_GANGLION_CELL_AXON_GUIDANCE, GOBP_RENAL_SYSTEM_PROCESS_INVOLVED_IN_REGULATION_OF_BLOOD_VOLUME, MODULE_64, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_SYSTEMIC_ARTERIAL_BLOOD_PRESSURE, IVANOVA_HEMATOPOIESIS_LATE_PROGENITOR, GOBP_NEUROGENESIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_AXON_GUIDANCE, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_WNT_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, LHX3_01, GOBP_KIDNEY_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT

GO Biological Process (16): cell morphogenesis (GO:0000902), monocyte chemotaxis (GO:0002548), regulation of glomerular filtration (GO:0003093), negative regulation of glomerular filtration (GO:0003105), axon guidance (GO:0007411), negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion (GO:0010812), negative regulation of neuron projection development (GO:0010977), lamellipodium assembly (GO:0030032), glomerulus development (GO:0032835), slit diaphragm assembly (GO:0036060), regulation of synapse organization (GO:0050807), podocyte differentiation (GO:0072112), negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090), negative regulation of retinal ganglion cell axon guidance (GO:0090260), protein dephosphorylation (GO:0006470), dephosphorylation (GO:0016311)

GO Molecular Function (9): protein tyrosine phosphatase activity (GO:0004725), transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity (GO:0005001), phosphatase activity (GO:0016791), Wnt-protein binding (GO:0017147), protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803), cadherin binding (GO:0045296), phosphoprotein phosphatase activity (GO:0004721), protein binding (GO:0005515), hydrolase activity (GO:0016787)

GO Cellular Component (13): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020), apical plasma membrane (GO:0016324), lateral plasma membrane (GO:0016328), lamellipodium (GO:0030027), axon (GO:0030424), growth cone (GO:0030426), neuron projection (GO:0043005), dendritic spine (GO:0043197), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), postsynaptic density membrane (GO:0098839), glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978), GABA-ergic synapse (GO:0098982)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Signaling by NTRKs	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
glomerular filtration	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
plasma membrane bounded cell projection	2
synapse	2
anatomical structure morphogenesis	1
leukocyte chemotaxis	1
mononuclear cell migration	1
myeloid leukocyte migration	1
regulation of renal system process	1
regulation of glomerular filtration	1
negative regulation of multicellular organismal process	1
axonogenesis	1
neuron projection guidance	1
negative regulation of cell adhesion	1
regulation of cell-substrate adhesion	1
cell-substrate adhesion	1
regulation of neuron projection development	1
neuron projection development	1
negative regulation of cell projection organization	1
lamellipodium organization	1
plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly	1
anatomical structure development	1
nephron development	1
filtration diaphragm assembly	1
regulation of synapse structure or activity	1
synapse organization	1
regulation of cellular component organization	1
renal filtration cell differentiation	1
glomerular epithelial cell differentiation	1
negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway	1
canonical Wnt signaling pathway	1
regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	1
retinal ganglion cell axon guidance	1
regulation of retinal ganglion cell axon guidance	1
negative regulation of axon guidance	1
dephosphorylation	1
protein modification process	1
phosphate-containing compound metabolic process	1
phosphoprotein phosphatase activity	1
protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1308 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
PTPRO	NPHS1	O60500	664
PTPRO	NPHS2	Q9NP85	661
PTPRO	SYNPO	Q8N3V7	622
PTPRO	PTS	Q03393	609
PTPRO	FN1	P02751	607
PTPRO	PODXL	O00592	571
PTPRO	SLITRK2	Q9H156	557
PTPRO	SHISA4	Q96DD7	556
PTPRO	PLCE1	Q9P212	540
PTPRO	MYO1E	Q12965	532
PTPRO	CGB5	P01233	525
PTPRO	ACTN4	O43707	514
PTPRO	WT1	P19544	507
PTPRO	INF2	Q27J81	507
PTPRO	CD2AP	Q9Y5K6	507

IntAct

32 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
PTPRO	PTPRO	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.510
PTPRO	PTPRO	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.510
PTPRO	GTF2IRD1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
DPPA4	PTPRO	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
DPYSL4	PTPRO	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
PTPRO	SH3GL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
SH3GL3	PTPRO	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
PTPRO	YWHAZ	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
PTPRO	PLXNB2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PTPRO	CDH2	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	TEC	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	ERBB2	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	PDGFRB	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	MET	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	PXN	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	LCK	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	CTNNB1	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	INSR	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	CSK	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	GAB1	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	NTRK1	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	PDPK1	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	NSF	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	EPOR	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	MAPK3	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
TEK	PTPRO	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	TEK	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	WAS	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000
PTPRO	CBL	psi-mi:“MI:0203”(dephosphorylation reaction)	0.000

BioGRID (180): PTPRO (Affinity Capture-MS), SDF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), ERLEC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), NGLY1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SDF2L1 (Affinity Capture-MS), DNAJC30 (Affinity Capture-MS), GOLIM4 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMEM246 (Affinity Capture-MS), LGALS3 (Affinity Capture-MS), TXNDC12 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDIA4 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDIA3 (Affinity Capture-MS), SEL1L (Affinity Capture-MS), CALR (Affinity Capture-MS), OS9 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0A6YXX9, A0A1Z2R986, B8RJM0, E9Q555, E9Q612, G5E8Q8, O35664, O88393, P09258, P0DP43, P13374, P20746, P22596, P22650, P22651, P26342, P33500, P35054, P48749, P68325, Q03167, Q14CH0, Q16827, Q2TAV2, Q2YDM0, Q56A20, Q5BKX0, Q5R7R7, Q5RBQ2, Q5U228, Q68FB2, Q6NU22, Q6NU51, Q6P995, Q6S6Q5, Q6UC88, Q76B58, Q77NN4, Q7SXB3, Q8K1M8

Diamond homologs: A0A6I8TCE0, A1L1L3, A2ALK8, A4IFW2, B0V2N1, B0X4T2, B1AUH1, B2GV87, B2RU80, B3DK56, B9EKR1, E9Q0N2, E9Q612, F1NWE3, G5EC24, G5EGJ9, H2KZM6, O02695, O08617, O13016, O35239, O55082, P06800, P16620, P17706, P18031, P18052, P18433, P20417, P23467, P23468, P23469, P23470, P23471, P26045, P28191, P29074, P29350, P29351, P29352

SIGNOR signaling

6 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PTPRO	“down-regulates quantity by destabilization”	ERBB2	dephosphorylation
PTPRO	“down-regulates activity”	SRC	dephosphorylation
PTPRO	“down-regulates activity”	STAT3	dephosphorylation
PTPRO	“down-regulates activity”	VCP	dephosphorylation
PTPRO	“down-regulates activity”	LYN	dephosphorylation

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 27 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Bacterial Infection Pathways	5	67.2×	8e-07
PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling	7	27.1×	6e-07
Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer	5	25.4×	6e-05
PIP3 activates AKT signaling	8	21.4×	4e-07
Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases	9	18.6×	2e-07
RAF/MAP kinase cascade	6	14.7×	1e-04
Signaling by Interleukins	5	12.8×	1e-03
Diseases of signal transduction by growth factor receptors and second messengers	5	11.4×	1e-03

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	5	45.9×	1e-05
cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway	6	38.6×	5e-06
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	7	20.3×	1e-05
protein phosphorylation	7	17.6×	1e-05
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	5	14.9×	1e-03
angiogenesis	6	13.9×	4e-04
intracellular signal transduction	7	9.9×	4e-04
negative regulation of apoptotic process	6	7.7×	3e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

527 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	5
Likely pathogenic	5
Uncertain significance	254
Likely benign	142
Benign	78

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (10)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
2110028	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.1241C>G (p.Ser414Ter)	Pathogenic
2110029	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.1949del (p.Ser650fs)	Pathogenic
30110	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.2627+1G>T	Pathogenic
30111	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.2829+1G>A	Pathogenic
3656259	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.2803_2806del (p.Asp935fs)	Pathogenic
1068336	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.2712-2del	Likely pathogenic
2116990	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.2305-1G>C	Likely pathogenic
3574470	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.1758del (p.Val587fs)	Likely pathogenic
3574482	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.2027del (p.Lys676fs)	Likely pathogenic
3574503	NM_030667.3(PTPRO):c.2712-1G>A	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

4787 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
12:15483965:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15499439:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
12:15499440:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15499440:A:AT	acceptor_loss	1.0000
12:15499441:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15499591:ACTGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
12:15499592:CTGGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
12:15499593:TGG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
12:15499594:GGTAA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
12:15499595:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15499595:GTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
12:15499596:TAA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
12:15499597:AA:A	donor_loss	1.0000
12:15501618:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15501619:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15501619:GCC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15501619:GCCCC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15501941:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15501951:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15503900:T:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15504070:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15516761:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15516762:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:15524943:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15524944:A:T	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15524961:AGAGT:A	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15524962:GAGT:G	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15524962:GAGTG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15524964:GT:G	donor_gain	1.0000
12:15524966:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

8058 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
12:15516825:T:A	W550R	1.000
12:15516825:T:C	W550R	1.000
12:15551601:A:C	S830R	1.000
12:15551603:C:A	S830R	1.000
12:15551603:C:G	S830R	1.000
12:15569493:T:C	F942L	1.000
12:15569495:T:A	F942L	1.000
12:15569495:T:G	F942L	1.000
12:15578921:C:A	N966K	1.000
12:15578921:C:G	N966K	1.000
12:15578922:C:A	R967S	1.000
12:15578933:C:A	N970K	1.000
12:15578933:C:G	N970K	1.000
12:15580106:C:A	N996K	1.000
12:15580106:C:G	N996K	1.000
12:15580725:C:A	A1009D	1.000
12:15580733:G:A	G1012R	1.000
12:15580733:G:C	G1012R	1.000
12:15580733:G:T	G1012W	1.000
12:15580763:T:A	W1022R	1.000
12:15580763:T:C	W1022R	1.000
12:15580800:T:A	V1034D	1.000
12:15580806:T:C	L1036P	1.000
12:15581682:A:G	K1046E	1.000
12:15581684:A:C	K1046N	1.000
12:15581684:A:T	K1046N	1.000
12:15581685:T:C	C1047R	1.000
12:15581687:T:G	C1047W	1.000
12:15581697:T:A	W1051R	1.000
12:15581697:T:C	W1051R	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000008393 (12:15589152 G>A), RS1000009567 (12:15500709 G>A,T), RS1000036998 (12:15467608 A>G), RS1000047294 (12:15582035 G>C), RS1000050846 (12:15455218 T>C), RS1000053787 (12:15423914 A>G), RS1000055993 (12:15575887 G>A), RS1000056355 (12:15547976 G>A), RS1000072749 (12:15494041 G>T), RS1000074454 (12:15597433 G>A), RS1000084026 (12:15377491 A>T), RS1000094123 (12:15467464 A>C), RS1000121868 (12:15535522 G>A), RS1000124902 (12:15493763 A>G), RS1000149791 (12:15378644 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:600579 | disease phenotypes: MIM:614196, MIM:614800, MIM:616483

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
nephrotic syndrome, type 6	Strong	Autosomal recessive
familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome	Supportive	Autosomal dominant

Mondo (5): nephrotic syndrome, type 6 (MONDO:0013619), short stature-optic atrophy-Pelger-Huët anomaly syndrome (MONDO:0013889), infantile liver failure syndrome 2 (MONDO:0014659), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (MONDO:0100313), familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (MONDO:0019006)

Orphanet (2): Hereditary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (Orphanet:656), Short stature-optic atrophy-Pelger-Huët anomaly syndrome (Orphanet:391677)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D005923	Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental	C12.050.351.968.419.570.363.640; C12.200.777.419.570.363.660; C12.950.419.570.363.640

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL4105749 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: catalytic receptor — Receptor tyrosine phosphatase (RTP) family

ChEMBL bioactivities

2 potent at pChembl≥5 of 6 total, top 2 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
6.91	Ki	123	nM	CHEMBL4063482
6.25	IC50	560	nM	SODIUM ORTHOVANAD

PubChem BioAssay actives

1 with measured affinity, of 8 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
5-[[4-[2-(4-butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]methyl-hexylamino]-2-hydroxybenzoic acid	1930714: Binding affinity to GLEPP1 (unknown origin) assessed as inhibition constant	ki	0.1230	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

48 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Estradiol	affects reaction, decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases expression	3
Valproic Acid	decreases expression, increases expression	3
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression, increases expression	2
bisphenol A	decreases expression, affects reaction, affects cotreatment, decreases methylation	2
entinostat	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Panobinostat	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Cadmium Chloride	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation, increases expression	2
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
lead acetate	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
terbufos	increases methylation	1
zinc protoporphyrin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
2-bromopalmitate	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation	1
cupric chloride	decreases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects response to substance, increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
diallyl trisulfide	increases expression	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
2,2’,4,4’,5-brominated diphenyl ether	increases expression	1
clothianidin	decreases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
Arsenic Trioxide	decreases expression	1
Fulvestrant	affects cotreatment, decreases methylation, increases methylation	1
Acetaminophen	increases expression	1
Allergens	decreases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, increases methylation	1
Cadmium	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation	1

ChEMBL screening assays

7 unique, capped per target: 7 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL3991951	Binding	Inhibition of human recombinant Glepp-1 catalytic domain using DiFMUP as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	GLEPP-1 inhibitors in the treatment of autoimmune and/or inflammatory disorders

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

76 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT01129557	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Aldosterone Breakthrough During Diovan, Tekturna, and Combination Therapy in Patients With Proteinuric Kidney Disease
NCT02399462	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Acthar for Treatment of Post-transplant FSGS
NCT02585804	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treating to Reduce Albuminuria and Normalize Hemodynamic Function in Focal ScLerosis With dApagliflozin Trial Effects
NCT02633046	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Acthar for Treatment-Resistant or Treatment-Intolerant Proteinuria
NCT07219121	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Sparsentan in Posttransplant Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy or Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
NCT01164098	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Rituximab to Prevent Recurrence of Proteinuria
NCT02683889	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Use of Acthar in Patients With FSGS That Will be Undergoing Renal Transplantation
NCT03298698	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Efficacy of Rituximab in Comparison to Continued Corticosteroid Treatment in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
NCT03493685	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Study of Sparsentan in Patients With Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
NCT05183646	PHASE3	RECRUITING	A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of DMX-200 in Patients With FSGS Who Are Receiving an ARB
NCT07220083	PHASE3	RECRUITING	A Study to Find Out if BI 764198 Helps Adults and Adolescents With a Kidney Condition Called Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
NCT00550342	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	Rituximab Treatment of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
NCT00814255	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Novel Therapies for Resistant FSGS (FONTII): Phase II Clinical Trial
NCT01613118	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Randomized, Double-Blind, Safety and Efficacy Study of RE-021 (Sparsentan) in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
NCT02592798	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Abatacept in Adults and Children 6 Years and Older With Excessive Loss of Protein in the Urine Due to Either Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) or Minimal Change Disease (MCD)
NCT03366337	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Phase 2 Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Bardoxolone Methyl in Patients With Rare Chronic Kidney Diseases - PHOENIX
NCT03448692	PHASE2	TERMINATED	A Study to Evaluate PF-06730512 in Adults With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
NCT03536754	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Study of CCX140-B in Subjects With FSGS
NCT03598036	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Dose-Exploration Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Voclosporin in Subjects With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
NCT03649152	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety and Effectiveness of Propagermanium in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Participants Receiving Irbesartan
NCT03703908	PHASE2	TERMINATED	A Study of CCX140-B in Subjects With Primary FSGS and Nephrotic Syndrome
NCT04009668	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibition in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Treatment Resistant Minimal Change Disease
NCT04573920	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Atrasentan in Patients With Proteinuric Glomerular Diseases
NCT05003986	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Study of Sparsentan Treatment in Pediatrics With Proteinuric Glomerular Diseases
NCT05267262	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Study to Evaluate R3R01 in Patients With Alport Syndrome and Patients With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
NCT05441826	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Efficacy and Safety of VB119 in Subjects With Minimal Change Disease (MCD) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
NCT06500702	PHASE2	RECRUITING	A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Frexalimab, Brivekimig, or Rilzabrutinib in Participants Aged 16 to 75 Years With Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis or Minimal Change Disease
NCT06664814	PHASE2	RECRUITING	An Open-Label Phase 2 Study of N-Acetyl-D-Mannosamine (ManNAc) in Subjects With Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
NCT06983028	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Atacicept in Multiple Glomerular Diseases
NCT07268638	PHASE2	RECRUITING	A Study of Praliciguat in Participants With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
NCT07614477	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of EVER001 in Participants With Selected Proteinuric Glomerular Diseases
NCT00464321	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Safety Study of GC1008 in Patients With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) of Single Doses of GC1008 in Patients With Treatment Resistant Idiopathic FSGS
NCT00782561	PHASE1	TERMINATED	Safety and Pharmacokinetics of FG-3019 in Adolescents and Adults With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
NCT00816478	PHASE1	TERMINATED	Effect of Oral Galactose on Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) Permeability Factor
NCT00816504	PHASE1	WITHDRAWN	Effect of Galactose on Permeblity Factor in Patients With FSGS and CKD Stage 5
NCT02382874	PHASE1	UNKNOWN	Allogenic AD-MSC Transplantation in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome (Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis)
NCT02693366	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Stem Cell Therapy for Patients With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
NCT05942625	PHASE1	RECRUITING	A First in Human Study to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacology of HS-10390 in Healthy Subjects
NCT05955872	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study Evaluating the Relative Bioavailability and Food Effect of a Tablet Formulation of VX-147
NCT06529796	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Inaxaplin in Participants With Mild or Moderate Hepatic Impairment