RHNO1

Summary

RHNO1 (RAD9-HUS1-RAD1 interacting nuclear orphan 1, HGNC:28206) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 12p13.33, encoding RAD9, HUS1, RAD1-interacting nuclear orphan protein 1 (Q9BSD3). Involved in microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) DNA repair by promoting recruitment of polymerase theta (POLQ) to DNA damage sites during mitosis.

Enables chromatin-protein adaptor activity. Involved in several processes, including DNA repair; cellular response to radiation; and regulation of cell cycle process. Located in chromosome and nucleus. Is active in chromatin and site of double-strand break.

Source: NCBI Gene 83695 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 4
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 11 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001252499

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:28206
Approved symbol	RHNO1
Name	RAD9-HUS1-RAD1 interacting nuclear orphan 1
Location	12p13.33
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	HKMT1188, MGC13204, RHINO
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000171792
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	614085
Entrez	83695

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 12 — 8 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 TEC

ENST00000366285, ENST00000461997, ENST00000464682, ENST00000489288, ENST00000535978, ENST00000536063, ENST00000538636, ENST00000538700, ENST00000618250, ENST00000623153, ENST00000949626, ENST00000949627

RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_001252499 NM_001252499, NM_001252500, NM_001257097, NM_001257098

CCDS: CCDS58199, CCDS8518

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000489288 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00002039390	2885283	2885534
ENSE00002295848	2887911	2889524
ENSE00003605040	2877223	2877282

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 235 present calls, max score 96.32.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.0615 / max 4.2690, expressed in 13 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
123454	49.5906	1817
123453	0.0615	13

Top tissues by expression

252 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	96.32	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	95.34	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	94.92	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	93.16	gold quality
oviduct epithelium	UBERON:0004804	90.50	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	88.56	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	86.37	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	85.89	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	85.82	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	85.58	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	85.58	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	85.58	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	85.29	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	85.09	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	85.08	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	85.03	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	84.47	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	84.40	gold quality
fallopian tube	UBERON:0003889	83.79	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	83.77	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	83.62	gold quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	83.51	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	83.45	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	83.31	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	83.25	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	83.22	gold quality
prostate gland	UBERON:0002367	82.97	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	82.92	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	82.80	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	82.77	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-6142	no	243.17
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 8)

• Identified C12orf32 to be significantly up-regulated in the great majority of clinical breast cancer specimens. (PMID:20811708)
• We suggest that RHINO functions together with the 9-1-1 complex and TopBP1 to fully activate ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related. (PMID:21659603)
• Germline variation in the RHINO gene is unlikely to influence inherited susceptibility to breast cancer. (PMID:24562772)
• Knockdown of RHINO in human cells partially abrogated ATR-Chk1 kinase signaling following UV irradiation but did not impact the loading of Rad9-Hus1-Rad1 complex on chromatin or the association of Rad9-Hus1-Rad1 complex with TopBP1. (PMID:25602520)
• Co-regulation and function of FOXM1/RHNO1 bidirectional genes in cancer. (PMID:33890574)
• RHNO1 disruption inhibits cell proliferation and induces mitochondrial apoptosis via PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:37364391)
• RHINO directs MMEJ to repair DNA breaks in mitosis. (PMID:37440612)
• Structural basis for intra- and intermolecular interactions on RAD9 subunit of 9-1-1 checkpoint clamp implies functional 9-1-1 regulation by RHINO. (PMID:38354779)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Rhno1	ENSMUSG00000048668
rattus_norvegicus	Rhno1	ENSRNOG00000028517
rattus_norvegicus	Rhno1-ps2	ENSRNOG00000067361

Protein

Protein identifiers

RAD9, HUS1, RAD1-interacting nuclear orphan protein 1 — Q9BSD3 (reviewed: Q9BSD3)

Alternative names: RAD9, RAD1, HUS1-interacting nuclear orphan protein

All UniProt accessions (5): Q9BSD3, F5H0U1, F5H580, F5H795, F5H7S2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Involved in microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) DNA repair by promoting recruitment of polymerase theta (POLQ) to DNA damage sites during mitosis. MMEJ is an alternative non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) machinery that takes place during mitosis to repair double-strand breaks in DNA that originate in S-phase. Accumulates in M-phase; following phosphorylation by PLK1, interacts with POLQ, enabling its recruitment to double-strand breaks for subsequent repair. Also involved in the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling in response to genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR) during the S phase. Recruited to sites of DNA damage through interaction with the 9-1-1 cell-cycle checkpoint response complex and TOPBP1 in a ATR-dependent manner. Required for the progression of the G1 to S phase transition. Plays a role in the stimulation of CHEK1 phosphorylation.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts (when phosphorylated by PLK1) with POLQ; promoting POLQ recruitment to DNA damage sites. Interacts with RAD1; interaction is direct and promotes association with the 9-1-1 (RAD9-RAD1-HUS1) complex. Interacts with RAD18. Interacts with TOPBP1. Interacts with UBE2N.

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Chromosome.

Tissue specificity. Weakly expressed in testis, prostate, ovary, thymus and small intestine. Expressed strongly in breast cancer cells.

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylated at Ser-51 by PLK1, promoting interaction with polymerase theta (POLQ). Ubiquitinated and degraded by the APC/C complex upon mitotic exit.

Domain organisation. The RAD1-binding motif mediates interaction with RAD1.

Induction. Up-regulated in breast cancer cells.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9BSD3-1	1	yes
Q9BSD3-2	2

RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001239428, NP_001239429, NP_001244026, NP_001244027 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR029293	RHNO1	Family

Pfam: PF15319

UniProt features (18 total): mutagenesis site 8, short sequence motif 3, region of interest 2, compositionally biased region 2, chain 1, modified residue 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

2 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
6J8Y	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.4
8WU8	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.81

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9BSD3-F1	65.66	0.07

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 51

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (8):

Position	Phenotype
51–52	in rhino-plk1s/t(7a) mutant; abolished phosphorylation leading to decreased interaction with polq; when associated with
51	abolished phosphorylation by plk1, leading to decreased interaction with polq.
55–61	inhibits binding to the 9-1-1 complex. does not inhibit interaction with topbp1. inhibits localizion to sites of dna dam
125–132	abolished degradation following mitosis; when associated with 174-missing-178.
141	in rhino-plk1s/t(7a) mutant; abolished phosphorylation leading to decreased interaction with polq; when associated with
162–164	in rhino-plk1s/t(7a) mutant; abolished phosphorylation leading to decreased interaction with polq; when associated with
174–178	abolished degradation following mitosis; when associated with 125-missing-132.
178	in rhino-plk1s/t(7a) mutant; abolished phosphorylation leading to decreased interaction with polq; when associated with

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

6 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-5685938	HDR through Single Strand Annealing (SSA)
R-HSA-5693607	Processing of DNA double-strand break ends
R-HSA-5693616	Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange
R-HSA-6804756	Regulation of TP53 Activity through Phosphorylation
R-HSA-69473	G2/M DNA damage checkpoint
R-HSA-9709570	Impaired BRCA2 binding to RAD51

MSigDB gene sets: 124 (showing top): GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_IONIZING_RADIATION, GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_UV, REACTOME_G2_M_DNA_DAMAGE_CHECKPOINT, GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_LIGHT_STIMULUS, GOBP_CELL_CYCLE_PHASE_TRANSITION, PATIL_LIVER_CANCER, CREIGHTON_ENDOCRINE_THERAPY_RESISTANCE_1, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_CYCLE_PROCESS, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_CYCLE, GOBP_PROTEIN_LOCALIZATION_TO_CHROMOSOME, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_CYCLE, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_CYCLE_PROCESS, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_UV, GOBP_DNA_DAMAGE_RESPONSE, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_RADIATION

GO Biological Process (10): DNA damage checkpoint signaling (GO:0000077), recombinational repair (GO:0000725), cellular response to UV (GO:0034644), positive regulation of G0 to G1 transition (GO:0070318), cellular response to ionizing radiation (GO:0071479), double-strand break repair via alternative nonhomologous end joining (GO:0097681), protein localization to site of double-strand break (GO:1990166), DNA repair (GO:0006281), chromatin organization (GO:0006325), DNA damage response (GO:0006974)

GO Molecular Function (2): chromatin-protein adaptor activity (GO:0140463), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (5): chromatin (GO:0000785), nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), chromosome (GO:0005694), site of double-strand break (GO:0035861)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-5 pathways:

Category	Pathways
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA)	2
Homologous DNA Pairing and Strand Exchange	1
Regulation of TP53 Activity	1
G2/M Checkpoints	1
Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA2 loss of function	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	2
DNA integrity checkpoint signaling	1
signal transduction in response to DNA damage	1
DNA repair	1
DNA recombination	1
response to UV	1
cellular response to light stimulus	1
G0 to G1 transition	1
regulation of G0 to G1 transition	1
positive regulation of cell cycle process	1
response to ionizing radiation	1
cellular response to radiation	1
double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining	1
protein localization to chromosome	1
DNA metabolic process	1
DNA damage response	1
cellular component organization	1
cellular response to stress	1
chromatin binding	1
chromatin organization	1
protein-macromolecule adaptor activity	1
binding	1
chromosome	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
nuclear lumen	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
site of DNA damage	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

762 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
RHNO1	TOPBP1	Q92547	712
RHNO1	HUS1	O60921	528
RHNO1	ATOSB	Q7L5A3	506
RHNO1	TEX52	A6NCN8	479
RHNO1	C22orf39	Q6P5X5	466
RHNO1	RAD9A	Q99638	463
RHNO1	TTLL5	Q6EMB2	462
RHNO1	PWP1	Q13610	461
RHNO1	DCAF11	Q8TEB1	456
RHNO1	CRYL1	Q9Y2S2	448
RHNO1	ACSL5	Q9ULC5	443
RHNO1	COG1	Q8WTW3	438
RHNO1	ATP8A2	Q9NTI2	437
RHNO1	COLEC12	Q5KU26	434
RHNO1	AP4M1	O00189	433

IntAct

37 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
TFIP11	RHNO1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.760
RHNO1	TFIP11	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.760
RHNO1		psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RHNO1	KRTAP10-9	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RHNO1	GOLGA2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
LZTS2	RHNO1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
	RHNO1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
KRTAP10-9	RHNO1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GOLGA2	RHNO1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
BANP	RHNO1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
CYSRT1	RHNO1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
KRTAP10-8	RHNO1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RHNO1	BACE2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RHNO1	LRRK2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
RHNO1	CCNDBP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
CUL3	PXDNL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RHNO1	RAD1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TP53BP1	PSMD14	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
BRCA1	SMCHD1	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270

BioGRID (44): RHNO1 (Two-hybrid), RHNO1 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), KRTAP10-9 (Two-hybrid), KRTAP10-3 (Two-hybrid), TOPBP1 (Affinity Capture-Western), RAD9A (Affinity Capture-Western), RAD18 (Affinity Capture-Western), UBE2N (Affinity Capture-Western), HUS1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RAD1 (Affinity Capture-MS), UBE2N (Affinity Capture-MS), RAD18 (Affinity Capture-MS), TOPBP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RAD9A (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A087WXM9, A0A2K1JJ00, A0JM83, A4IGL8, E1BC15, E9Q5F9, O14513, O35923, O60673, O88491, P46013, P97929, Q14B71, Q28DZ0, Q29RT4, Q3MHH3, Q3TNU4, Q3ZBP0, Q4QY64, Q4V7J0, Q5DTT3, Q5E9A0, Q5F2C3, Q5RD08, Q5VWN6, Q5VYV7, Q61493, Q69YH5, Q6NS59, Q703I1, Q80U59, Q86XD8, Q8IXS0, Q8IYL3, Q8L7I1, Q8N7Z5, Q8NFU7, Q8TEP8, Q92628, Q96BU1

Diamond homologs: Q1LZE2, Q6AY26, Q8K3A4, Q9BSD3

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

11 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	1
Likely benign	2
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

542 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
12:2877278:GGCTG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
12:2877279:GCTGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
12:2877282:GGT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
12:2877283:GTAAG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
12:2877284:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
12:2877279:GCTG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
12:2877283:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9900
12:2876915:CTCA:C	donor_loss	0.9800
12:2876916:TCA:T	donor_loss	0.9800
12:2876917:CACCT:C	donor_loss	0.9800
12:2876918:A:C	donor_loss	0.9800
12:2877313:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9800
12:2877313:G:T	donor_gain	0.9800
12:2876914:GCTCA:G	donor_loss	0.9700
12:2887909:A:G	acceptor_gain	0.9700
12:2876790:C:A	donor_gain	0.9600
12:2876839:C:CA	donor_gain	0.9600
12:2876847:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9600
12:2876921:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9600
12:2887043:A:G	donor_gain	0.9600
12:2887032:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9500
12:2887047:A:AG	donor_gain	0.9400
12:2887906:TTAA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9400
12:2887907:TAA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9400
12:2887908:AAGGT:A	acceptor_loss	0.9400
12:2876789:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9300
12:2877316:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9300
12:2877280:CTG:C	donor_gain	0.9200
12:2876769:TGC:T	donor_gain	0.9100
12:2876918:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9100

AlphaMissense

1542 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
12:2888379:T:A	W213R	0.993
12:2888379:T:C	W213R	0.993
12:2888381:G:C	W213C	0.987
12:2888381:G:T	W213C	0.987
12:2888384:G:C	R214S	0.975
12:2888384:G:T	R214S	0.975
12:2885418:T:C	F18L	0.970
12:2885420:C:A	F18L	0.970
12:2885420:C:G	F18L	0.970
12:2885532:T:A	W56R	0.964
12:2885532:T:C	W56R	0.964
12:2888389:G:C	R216P	0.963
12:2888380:G:C	W213S	0.961
12:2888410:T:C	L223P	0.960
12:2887923:T:C	F61L	0.954
12:2887925:T:A	F61L	0.954
12:2887925:T:G	F61L	0.954
12:2885534:G:C	W56C	0.949
12:2885534:G:T	W56C	0.949
12:2888383:G:C	R214T	0.949
12:2888028:T:C	F96L	0.948
12:2888030:T:A	F96L	0.948
12:2888030:T:G	F96L	0.948
12:2888362:A:C	Y207S	0.945
12:2888361:T:C	Y207H	0.944
12:2888013:T:C	F91L	0.943
12:2888015:T:A	F91L	0.943
12:2888015:T:G	F91L	0.943
12:2888343:G:C	D201H	0.933
12:2888428:T:C	L229P	0.933

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000153119 (12:2882759 T>C), RS1000266917 (12:2877271 C>A,T), RS1000319560 (12:2877170 G>C,T), RS1000484363 (12:2883084 A>C), RS1000851602 (12:2884867 A>C), RS1001153368 (12:2878167 G>A,T), RS1001252557 (12:2877466 C>G), RS1001365770 (12:2884088 T>A), RS1001468904 (12:2888557 T>C), RS1001562886 (12:2881398 C>T), RS1001584578 (12:2882627 C>T), RS1001658277 (12:2882367 A>G,T), RS1001714323 (12:2876503 G>A), RS1002205126 (12:2878806 T>C), RS1002228588 (12:2876814 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:614085 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

4 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST90002390_45	Mean corpuscular hemoglobin	5.000000e-13
GCST90002392_366	Mean corpuscular volume	1.000000e-15
GCST90002396_512	Mean reticulocyte volume	1.000000e-11
GCST90002397_410	Mean spheric corpuscular volume	1.000000e-17

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004527	mean corpuscular hemoglobin
EFO:0010701	mean reticulocyte volume

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

40 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	5
trichostatin A	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects expression	4
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	3
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases abundance	2
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression	1
beta-lapachone	increases expression	1
2,3-bis(3’-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
diallyl trisulfide	decreases expression	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
erucylphospho-N,N,N-trimethylpropylammonium	decreases expression	1
2-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (2-methyl-4-o-tolylazophenyl)amide	decreases expression, decreases reaction	1
dorsomorphin	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
jinfukang	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
NSC 689534	affects binding, decreases expression	1
Resveratrol	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Sunitinib	decreases expression	1
Leflunomide	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Arsenic	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Vehicle Emissions	decreases expression, decreases reaction	1
Azathioprine	decreases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression	1
Cisplatin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Copper	affects binding, decreases expression	1
Coumestrol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1
Estradiol	increases expression	1
Hydrogen Peroxide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.