RPL32

Summary

RPL32 (ribosomal protein L32, HGNC:10336) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 3p25.2, encoding Large ribosomal subunit protein eL32 (P62910). Component of the large ribosomal subunit. It is a common-essential gene (DepMap: required in 99.9% of cancer cell lines).

Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L32E family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. Although some studies have mapped this gene to 3q13.3-q21, it is believed to map to 3p25-p24. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed for this gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 6161 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 4
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 21 total
• Regional missense constraint (gnomAD): 1 of 3 regions constrained (≈32% of expected missense variation)
• GTEx eGene: eQTL in 14 tissues, sQTL in 1 (q < 0.05)
• ChEMBL bioactivity: 1 clinical-phase molecule tested; no curated mechanism-of-action drug
• Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 99.9% of screened cell lines (common-essential)
• Constraint (gnomAD): pLI 1.00 (loss-of-function intolerant), LOEUF 0.24 (highly constrained)
• MANE Select transcript: NM_000994

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:10336
Approved symbol	RPL32
Name	ribosomal protein L32
Location	3p25.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	L32, eL32
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000144713
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
Entrez	6161

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 49 — 46 protein_coding, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 retained_intron

MANE Select: ENST00000429711

Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported): TSL 1: 2, TSL 2: 4, TSL 3: 1, TSL 5: 1

ENST00000429711, ENST00000273223, ENST00000396953, ENST00000396957, ENST00000434963, ENST00000435983, ENST00000452606, ENST00000457131, ENST00000865045, ENST00000865046, ENST00000935875, ENST00000935876, ENST00000935877, ENST00000935878, ENST00000935879, ENST00000935880, ENST00000935881, ENST00000935882, ENST00000935883, ENST00000935884, ENST00000935885, ENST00000935886, ENST00000935887, ENST00000935888, ENST00000935889, ENST00000935890, ENST00000935891, ENST00000935892, ENST00000935893, ENST00000935894, ENST00000946634, ENST00001068369, ENST00001068383, ENST00001068387, ENST00001068389, ENST00001068395, ENST00001068397, ENST00001068402, ENST00001068403, ENST00001068410, ENST00001068411, ENST00001068413, ENST00001100517, ENST00001100518, ENST00001100519, ENST00001100520, ENST00001100521, ENST00001131003, ENST00001143171

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_000994 NM_000994, NM_001007073, NM_001007074

CCDS: CCDS2614

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000429711 — 4 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000966699	12839349	12839530
ENSE00001816985	12834485	12836223
ENSE00001897902	12841494	12841565
ENSE00003550665	12840142	12840242

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 150 present calls, max score 99.92.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 76.5252 / max 701.0275, expressed in 1820 samples.

Highest expression (Bgee): calcaneal tendon, ganglionic eminence, cortical plate, ovary, zone of skin.

Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL)

RPL32 is an eGene in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in 14 tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in 1 (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant’s alternative allele.

15 significant tissue × QTL associations:

Tissue	QTL	q-value	Slope	Lead variant
Brain Cerebellar Hemisphere	sqtl	6.0e-04	+0.67	3:12830943:T:C
Artery Aorta	eqtl	6.6e-04	+0.10	3:12845392:T:C
Stomach	eqtl	7.0e-04	-0.12	3:12952497:C:T
Cells Cultured fibroblasts	eqtl	1.2e-03	-0.21	3:12841494:C:T
Testis	eqtl	2.1e-03	+0.20	3:12865226:T:C
Brain Cerebellum	eqtl	9.5e-03	-0.14	3:13793510:C:T
Whole Blood	eqtl	1.0e-02	+0.13	3:13124954:T:C
Colon Transverse	eqtl	1.1e-02	+0.10	3:12832841:G:A
Brain Cortex	eqtl	1.4e-02	+0.43	3:13127179:G:A
Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg	eqtl	2.2e-02	-0.24	3:12585602:C:CT
Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic	eqtl	2.5e-02	+0.08	3:12829768:G:A
Adipose Subcutaneous	eqtl	2.5e-02	+0.07	3:12842892:G:C
Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes	eqtl	2.7e-02	+0.13	3:12830943:T:C
Spleen	eqtl	3.5e-02	+0.10	3:13599706:G:T
Adipose Visceral Omentum	eqtl	5.0e-02	+0.33	3:11917876:G:A

FANTOM5 promoters

1 alternative TSS:

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
41138	76.5252	1820

Top tissues by expression

showing 100 of 152 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	99.92	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	99.92	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	99.92	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	99.90	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	99.89	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	99.89	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	99.88	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	99.88	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	99.88	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	99.88	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	99.88	gold quality
fallopian tube	UBERON:0003889	99.88	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	99.87	gold quality
mammary gland	UBERON:0001911	99.87	gold quality
thoracic mammary gland	UBERON:0005200	99.87	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	99.87	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	99.86	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	99.86	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	99.86	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	99.86	gold quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	99.86	gold quality
uterine cervix	UBERON:0000002	99.85	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	99.85	gold quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	99.85	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	99.85	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	99.85	gold quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	99.84	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	99.84	gold quality
myometrium	UBERON:0001296	99.84	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	99.84	gold quality
artery	UBERON:0001637	99.84	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	99.84	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	99.84	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	99.84	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	99.84	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	99.84	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	99.84	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	99.84	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	99.84	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	99.83	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	99.83	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	99.83	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	99.83	gold quality
fundus of stomach	UBERON:0001160	99.83	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	99.83	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	99.83	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	99.83	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	99.83	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	99.83	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	99.82	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	99.82	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	99.82	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	99.82	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	99.82	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	99.82	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	99.82	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	99.82	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	99.82	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	99.82	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	99.82	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	99.82	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	99.81	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	99.81	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	99.81	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	99.81	gold quality
cortex of kidney	UBERON:0001225	99.81	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	99.81	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	99.81	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	99.81	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	99.81	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	99.81	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	99.80	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	99.80	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	99.80	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	99.80	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	99.80	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	99.80	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	99.80	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	99.80	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	99.79	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	99.79	gold quality
saliva-secreting gland	UBERON:0001044	99.79	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	99.79	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	99.79	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	99.79	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	99.79	gold quality
prostate gland	UBERON:0002367	99.79	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	99.79	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	99.79	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	99.79	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	99.78	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	99.78	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	99.78	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	99.78	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	99.78	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	99.78	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	99.77	gold quality
brain	UBERON:0000955	99.77	gold quality
telencephalon	UBERON:0001893	99.77	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	99.77	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 39 experiment(s), a significant marker in 13.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-88	yes	9175.52
E-CURD-122	yes	8625.04
E-MTAB-9221	yes	8297.40
E-GEOD-89232	yes	6001.54
E-CURD-112	yes	39.65
E-MTAB-6678	yes	37.34
E-MTAB-9067	yes	28.55
E-MTAB-10042	yes	17.01
E-HCAD-35	yes	9.27
E-MTAB-9801	yes	6.86
E-GEOD-137537	yes	5.84
E-HCAD-31	yes	4.15
E-CURD-120	no	12234.44
E-CURD-55	no	11868.82
E-HCAD-1	no	11868.31

HPA expression

RNA tissue specificity: Low tissue specificity

showing 60 of 79 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM:

Tissue / cell	Axis	nTPM	Protein (IHC)
Ovary	tissue	3162.0	not detected
Bone marrow	tissue	2802.0	low
Tonsil	tissue	2790.9	medium
Pancreas	tissue	2500.1	high
Breast	tissue	2353.1	not detected
Lymph node	tissue	2193.8	medium
Epididymis	tissue	1907.6	low
Vagina	tissue	1805.9	medium
Fallopian tube	tissue	1745.7	medium
Skin 1	tissue	1734.8	medium
Skeletal muscle	tissue	1703.2	not detected
Thymus	tissue	1622.2
Salivary gland	tissue	1468.1	medium
Rectum	tissue	1463.2	medium
Tongue	tissue	1438.8
Endometrium 1	tissue	1364.0	medium
Esophagus	tissue	1255.5	medium
Urinary bladder	tissue	1238.7	medium
Smooth muscle	tissue	1233.0	low
Liver	tissue	1207.7	medium
Colon	tissue	1122.3	medium
Spleen	tissue	1110.7	medium
Cervix	tissue	1102.4	medium
Thyroid gland	tissue	1000.8	low
Heart muscle	tissue	959.5	low
Pituitary gland	tissue	939.1
Appendix	tissue	929.2	medium
Placenta	tissue	914.1	low
Adipose tissue	tissue	908.7	not detected
Caudate putamen	tissue	875.5
Gallbladder	tissue	869.1	medium
Kidney	tissue	865.1	medium
Duodenum	tissue	834.6	medium
Frontal cortex	tissue	815.9
Adrenal gland	tissue	806.6	medium
Small intestine	tissue	798.8	medium
Stomach 1	tissue	773.8	medium
Prostate	tissue	735.0	low
Seminal vesicle	tissue	733.7	medium
Parathyroid gland	tissue	727.2	low
Lung	tissue	697.8	low
Nucleus accumbens	tissue	489.7
Retina	tissue	486.1
Testis	tissue	468.0	medium
Hippocampus	tissue	402.6	medium
Locus coeruleus	tissue	379.1
Choroid plexus	tissue	355.9
Postcentral gyrus	tissue	253.4
Spinal cord	tissue	227.0
Hippocampal formation	tissue	220.3
Pons	tissue	217.4
Thalamus	tissue	208.1
Superior colliculi	tissue	201.1
Substantia nigra	tissue	197.9
Putamen	tissue	196.1
Midbrain	tissue	192.0
Medulla oblongata	tissue	191.9
Corpus callosum	tissue	190.9
Cerebral cortex	tissue	189.8	high
Motor cortex	tissue	189.8

Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas): detected in 191; highest nTPM — Blood vessel (1668.5), Temporal white matter (646.8), Cervical spinal cord, ventral horn (621.4), Cerebellar white matter (619.4), Lateral funiculus (white matter) (585.0).

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): ETV4, GLI3, MYC, TBP, ZBTB14

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

Targeting RPL32 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific).

showing 30 of 53 miRNAs:

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4533	100.00	69.48	2758
HSA-MIR-6888-3P	99.97	65.95	1170
HSA-MIR-10527-5P	99.91	72.28	3754
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P	99.88	66.69	2776
HSA-MIR-4728-5P	99.85	69.39	4718
HSA-MIR-6785-5P	99.82	68.68	4428
HSA-MIR-2052	99.79	69.37	2031
HSA-MIR-548AJ-5P	99.78	71.12	3085
HSA-MIR-548F-5P	99.78	71.02	3093
HSA-MIR-548G-5P	99.78	71.12	3085
HSA-MIR-548X-5P	99.78	71.12	3085
HSA-MIR-1273H-5P	99.77	66.32	2471
HSA-MIR-149-3P	99.72	68.22	3963
HSA-MIR-548AU-3P	99.70	68.22	1373
HSA-MIR-30B-3P	99.70	65.76	2325
HSA-MIR-3689A-3P	99.70	65.73	2306
HSA-MIR-3689B-3P	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-3689C	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-6779-5P	99.70	65.76	2363
HSA-MIR-6883-5P	99.69	68.05	3785
HSA-MIR-4729	99.69	72.18	4233
HSA-MIR-1283	99.69	72.42	3009
HSA-MIR-6887-3P	99.66	67.83	1778
HSA-MIR-4470	99.66	69.35	1767
HSA-MIR-4743-3P	99.62	68.12	2095
HSA-MIR-7106-5P	99.53	67.47	3574
HSA-MIR-4708-3P	99.51	67.99	870
HSA-MIR-519D-5P	99.41	69.30	2057
HSA-MIR-4528	99.18	69.77	1936
HSA-MIR-4520-2-3P	99.14	69.28	1009

Functional genomics

gnomAD constraint: pLI 0.996, LOEUF 0.243, missense Z 1.45 — population loss-of-function intolerance (pLI ≥ 0.9 = LoF-intolerant; lower LOEUF = more constrained). gnomAD

Regional missense constraint (gnomAD)

ENST00000429711 splits into 3 regions with different missense tolerance; 1 is missense-constrained (≈32% of the expected missense variation). Missense variants in a constrained region (low observed/expected) are more likely to be pathogenic. gnomAD

Region (GRCh38)	Missense obs / exp	o/e	Constrained
3:12,836,097–12,839,439	70 / 93.1	0.75	no
3:12,839,440–12,840,175	19 / 56.2	0.34	yes (p 7.0e-07)
3:12,840,176–12,840,237	28 / 24.4	1.15	no
DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 99.9% of screened cell lines, common-essential.

Most-dependent cell lines (DepMap gene-effect, lower = stronger; ≤ −0.5 shown): NB-4 (-3.659), MV4-11 (-3.355), U-2 OS (-3.258), SLR 20 (-3.254), OCI-LY-19 (-3.237), MJ (-3.223), SU-DHL-10 (-3.219), SU-DHL-4 (-3.163), Hs 294T (-3.155), OCI-AML2 (-3.153), MHH-ES-1 (-3.124), NCO2 (-3.11), OCUM-1 (-3.104), PA-TU-8988T (-3.098), JHOC-5 (-3.078).

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• Biological effect of ribosomal protein L32 on human breast cancer cell behavior. (PMID:32705264)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Rpl32	ENSMUSG00000057841
rattus_norvegicus	Rpl32	ENSRNOG00000010746
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00004446

Paralogs (1): POLR2L (ENSG00000177700)

Mouse-model phenotypes

Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog (MGI:98038) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 1 distinct phenotype terms.

Mouse phenotype (MP)	Records
increased red blood cell distribution width	1

Additional cross-species homologs

Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara’s model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions’ gene symbols aren’t in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession.

Organism	UniProt	Identity	Method
Candida albicans SC5314	A0A1D8PPN6	100.0%	Diamond
Methanococcus vannielii SB	A6UQ61	100.0%	Diamond
Saccharolobus islandicus L.S.2.15	C3MQ76	100.0%	Diamond
Saccharolobus islandicus M.14.25	C3MVJ5	100.0%	Diamond
Saccharolobus islandicus M.16.27	C3N5U4	100.0%	Diamond
Saccharolobus islandicus Y.G.57.14	C3NEG0	100.0%	Diamond
Saccharolobus islandicus Y.N.15.51	C3NH92	100.0%	Diamond
Saccharolobus islandicus M.16.4	C4KHH3	100.0%	Diamond
Canis lupus familiaris	E2RKA8	100.0%	Diamond
Candida albicans	O94008	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila melanogaster	P04359	100.0%	Diamond
Methanococcus vannielii	P14549	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila yakuba	P61127	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila simulans	P61128	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila subobscura	P84311	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila bifasciata	P84312	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila madeirensis	P84313	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila guanche	P84314	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura	P84323	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila affinis	P84324	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila azteca	P84325	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila miranda	P84326	100.0%	Diamond
Drosophila persimilis	P84327	100.0%	Diamond
Sus scrofa	Q6QAT0	100.0%	Diamond
Macaca fascicularis	Q76KA3	100.0%	Diamond
Bos taurus	Q3SZQ6	99.3%	Diamond
Methanococcus maripaludis C5	A4FWA4	98.5%	Diamond
Drosophila acanthoptera	Q94460	97.8%	Diamond
Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-	O42935	96.9%	Diamond
Arabidopsis thaliana	P49211	96.2%	Diamond
Methanococcus maripaludis S2	Q6LXD6	95.6%	Diamond
Thermococcus onnurineus NA1	B6YSN1	95.2%	Diamond
Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1	Q5JJG5	95.2%	Diamond
Oryctolagus cuniculus	G1TUN8	94.8%	Diamond
Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3	O59435	94.6%	Diamond
Pyrococcus furiosus DSM 3638	Q9HH82	94.6%	Diamond
Pyrococcus abyssi GE5	Q9V1V2	94.6%	Diamond
Saccharolobus solfataricus P2	Q9UX90	94.1%	Diamond
Ictalurus punctatus	Q90YT6	93.3%	Diamond
Methanosarcina mazei Go1	Q8PV33	92.2%	Diamond

Genomic neighbors (locus context)

Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that).

Symbol	Type	Entrez
CAND2	protein-coding	23066
SNORA7A	snoRNA	619563
LINC02022	ncRNA	105376955
IQSEC1	protein-coding	9922
TMEM40	protein-coding	55287
RAF1	protein-coding	5894

Protein

Protein identifiers

Large ribosomal subunit protein eL32 — P62910 (reviewed: P62910)

Alternative names: 60S ribosomal protein L32

All UniProt accessions (4): D3YTB1, D3YTI8, F8W727, P62910

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.

Subunit / interactions. Component of the large ribosomal subunit.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm.

Similarity. Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL32 family.

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_000985, NP_001007074, NP_001007075 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001515	Ribosomal_eL32	Family
IPR018263	Ribosomal_eL32_CS	Conserved_site
IPR036351	Ribosomal_eL32_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF01655

UniProt features (28 total): helix 10, strand 8, turn 5, modified residue 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, cross-link 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

showing 30 of 183 structures by resolution:

PDB	Title	Method	Resolution (Å)
8A3D	Human mature large subunit of the ribosome with eIF6 and homoharringtonine bound	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	1.67
8GLP	mRNA decoding in human is kinetically and structurally distinct from bacteria (Consensus …	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	1.67
8QYX	Human 60S ribosomal subunit	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	1.78
8QOI	Structure of the human 80S ribosome at 1.9 A resolution - the molecular role of chemical …	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	1.9
9O3W	Human 80S ribosome bound to IDB-001 stalled on MYC nascent chain	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	1.9
8YOO	Cryo-EM structure of the human 80S ribosome with 100 um Tigecycline	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2
9C3H	Structure of the CNOT3-bound human 80S ribosome with tRNA-ARG in the P-site.	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2
9I2D	NMT1-NAC bound human RNC with 10 amino acid ARF1-linker	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.19
9PBE	In situ human 80S ribosome (composite map)	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.19
8QFD	UFL1 E3 ligase bound 60S ribosome	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.2
8YOP	Cryo-EM structure of the human 80S ribosome with 4 um Tigecycline	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.2
9GUL	Structure of FLuc-XBP1u+ stalled human 60S ribosome nascent chain complex	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.2
9O3V	Human 80S ribosome stalled on MYC nascent chain	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.2
9O3Y	Human 80S ribosome bound to IDB-002 stalled on FPAK-containing nascent chain	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.2
8JDK	Structure of the Human cytoplasmic Ribosome with human tRNA Asp(ManQ34) and mRNA(GAU)	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.26
8G5Y	mRNA decoding in human is kinetically and structurally distinct from bacteria (IC state)	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.29
9S3D	NAC bound human RNC with 58 amino acid ARF1-linker	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.32
9MNC	Human 80S ribosome bound to small molecule SW393071	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.33
9RPV	Structure of the ZAK-bound human disome	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.35
9S3B	NMT1-NAC bound human RNC with 58 amino acid ARF1-linker - State 1	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.38
7OW7	EIF6-bound large subunit of the human ribosome	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.4
8K2C	Cryo-EM structure of the human 80S ribosome with Tigecycline	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.4
8XSX	Cryo-EM structure of the human 80S ribosome with Tigecycline, E-tRNA, SERBP1 and eEF2	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.4
9SPF	CRYO-EM STRUCTURE OF HUMAN 80S RIBOSOME WITH A/P/E-SITE TRNA AND MRNA CONTAINING …	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.4
9SPI	CRYO-EM STRUCTURE OF HUMAN 80S RIBOSOME WITH A/P/E-SITE TRNA AND MRNA CONTAINING URIDINE	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.4
8JDL	Structure of the Human cytoplasmic Ribosome with human tRNA Tyr(GalQ34) and mRNA(UAU) …	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.42
9PKD	In situ CHX and HHT treated 80S consensus ribosome	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.42
9S3C	NMT1-NAC bound human RNC with 58 amino acid ARF1-linker - State 2	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.42
8FKV	Human nucleolar pre-60S ribosomal subunit (State D1)	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.47
9QLO	NMT1-NAC bound human RNC with full length ARF1 - State 1	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.47

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P62910-F1	92.52	0.87

Human Protein Atlas

Protein class: Ribosomal proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Plasma proteins, Essential proteins

Protein evidence: Evidence at protein level

Subcellular location (HPA, imaging): cytosol; endoplasmic reticulum

Antibody reliability (HPA): IH enhanced · IF approved

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (3)

Type	Positions
N6-succinyllysine	50
Phosphoserine	62
Glycyl lysine isopeptide (lys-gly) (interchain with g-cter in sumo2)	9

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

9 curated (TAS) of 40; 6 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference).

40 pathways:

ID	Pathway	Evidence
R-HSA-192823	Viral mRNA Translation ⚕	curated
R-HSA-72689	Formation of a pool of free 40S subunits	curated
R-HSA-72706	GTP hydrolysis and joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit	curated
R-HSA-156827	L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression	curated
R-HSA-6791226	Major pathway of rRNA processing in the nucleolus and cytosol	curated
R-HSA-975957	Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) enhanced by the Exon Junction Complex (EJC)	curated
R-HSA-975956	Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) independent of the Exon Junction Complex (EJC)	curated
R-HSA-9954714	PELO:HBS1L and ABCE1 dissociate a ribosome on a non-stop mRNA	curated
R-HSA-9954716	ZNF598 and the Ribosome-associated Quality Trigger (RQT) complex dissociate a ribosome stalled on a no-go mRNA	curated
R-HSA-1643685	Disease ⚕	—
R-HSA-5663205	Infectious disease ⚕	—
R-HSA-168255	Influenza Infection ⚕	—
R-HSA-168273	Influenza Viral RNA Transcription and Replication ⚕	—
R-HSA-9824446	Viral Infection Pathways ⚕	—
R-HSA-422475	Axon guidance	—
R-HSA-72737	Cap-dependent Translation Initiation	—
R-HSA-9711097	Cellular response to starvation	—
R-HSA-8953897	Cellular responses to stimuli	—
R-HSA-2262752	Cellular responses to stress	—
R-HSA-1266738	Developmental Biology	—
R-HSA-156842	Eukaryotic Translation Elongation	—
R-HSA-72613	Eukaryotic Translation Initiation	—
R-HSA-72764	Eukaryotic Translation Termination	electronic
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism	—
R-HSA-8953854	Metabolism of RNA	—
R-HSA-71291	Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives	—
R-HSA-392499	Metabolism of proteins	—
R-HSA-9675108	Nervous system development	—
R-HSA-927802	Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD)	—
R-HSA-156902	Peptide chain elongation	electronic
R-HSA-9010553	Regulation of expression of SLITs and ROBOs	electronic
R-HSA-9633012	Response of EIF2AK4 (GCN2) to amino acid deficiency	electronic
R-HSA-9954709	Ribosome Quality Control (RQC) complex extracts and degrades nascent peptide	electronic
R-HSA-1799339	SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane	electronic
R-HSA-2408522	Selenoamino acid metabolism	—
R-HSA-2408557	Selenocysteine synthesis	electronic
R-HSA-376176	Signaling by ROBO receptors	—
R-HSA-72766	Translation	—
R-HSA-72312	rRNA processing	—
R-HSA-8868773	rRNA processing in the nucleus and cytosol	—

MSigDB gene sets: 242 (showing top): GSE18804_SPLEEN_MACROPHAGE_VS_TUMORAL_MACROPHAGE_DN, GOBP_CYTOPLASMIC_TRANSLATION, GRUETZMANN_PANCREATIC_CANCER_DN, YAGI_AML_WITH_INV_16_TRANSLOCATION, MODULE_151, GNF2_TPT1, GCM_NPM1, GOBP_STRIATED_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, HSIAO_HOUSEKEEPING_GENES, TGACCTY_ERR1_Q2, GOBP_MALE_GAMETE_GENERATION, GGCNKCCATNK_UNKNOWN, EFC_Q6, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELLULAR_COMPONENT_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_TRANSLATION

GO Biological Process (5): cytoplasmic translation (GO:0002181), translation (GO:0006412), striated muscle contraction (GO:0006941), spermatogenesis (GO:0007283), negative regulation of myoblast fusion (GO:1901740)

GO Molecular Function (2): RNA binding (GO:0003723), structural constituent of ribosome (GO:0003735)

GO Cellular Component (8): cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829), membrane (GO:0016020), cytosolic large ribosomal subunit (GO:0022625), cytosolic ribosome (GO:0022626), ribosome (GO:0005840), synapse (GO:0045202), ribonucleoprotein complex (GO:1990904)

Reactome top-level categories

11 top-level categories:

Category	Pathways
Translation	3
Ribosome-associated quality control	3
Cap-dependent Translation Initiation	2
Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD)	2
Eukaryotic Translation Initiation	1
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation	1
Influenza Viral RNA Transcription and Replication	1
Selenoamino acid metabolism	1
rRNA processing in the nucleus and cytosol	1
Signaling by ROBO receptors	1
Cellular response to starvation	1

GO top-level categories

26 GO namespaces:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	3
ribosome	2
translation	1
peptidyltransferase activity	1
translational initiation	1
translational elongation	1
translational termination	1
macromolecule biosynthetic process	1
protein metabolic process	1
protein biosynthetic process	1
muscle contraction	1
developmental process involved in reproduction	1
male gamete generation	1
myoblast fusion	1
negative regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion	1
regulation of myoblast fusion	1
nucleic acid binding	1
structural molecule activity	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cytoplasm	1
large ribosomal subunit	1
cytosolic ribosome	1
cytosol	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
cell junction	1
protein-containing complex	1

Experimentally-supported GO annotations

GO terms backed by direct experimental evidence (ECO experimental codes) — 6 of 15 annotations. The rest are phylogenetic / computational / electronic (IEA).

6 experimentally-supported GO terms:

GO term	NS	Evidence
cytoplasmic translation	BP	direct assay
cytosolic large ribosomal subunit	CC	direct assay
cytosolic ribosome	CC	direct assay
membrane	CC	high-throughput assay
RNA binding	MF	high-throughput assay
structural constituent of ribosome	MF	direct assay

Protein interactions and networks

IntAct

Human interaction partners of RPL32 in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records).

24 partners by confidence:

Partner	Interaction type	MIscore	Records
C1QBP	association	0.350	1
HBD	association	0.350	1
MRPL3	association	0.350	1
TGFBRAP1	association	0.350	1
ALYREF	physical association	0.000	1
DDX56	physical association	0.000	1
EIF1B	physical association	0.000	1
FAU	physical association	0.000	1
HLA-B	physical association	0.000	1
IKBKE	physical association	0.000	1
LSM4	physical association	0.000	1
LSM8	physical association	0.000	1
LYAR	physical association	0.000	1
MAGEB2	physical association	0.000	1
MAP3K14	physical association	0.000	1
PAK2	physical association	0.000	1
PINX1	physical association	0.000	1
PPIH	physical association	0.000	1
PRPF3	physical association	0.000	1
PRPF4	physical association	0.000	1
PSTPIP1	physical association	0.000	1
RPL26L1	physical association	0.000	1
RTCA	physical association	0.000	1
SART3	physical association	0.000	1

BioGRID (533 interactions; top human partners by supporting records): RPL28 (Affinity Capture-MS; 9 records), RPL4 (Co-fractionation; 7 records), RPL3 (Co-fractionation; 6 records), MAK16 (Affinity Capture-MS; 4 records), RPL11 (Co-fractionation; 4 records), RPL14 (Affinity Capture-MS; 4 records), RPL18A (Co-fractionation; 4 records), RPL19 (Co-fractionation; 4 records), RPL5 (Co-fractionation; 4 records), RPL9 (Co-fractionation; 4 records), RPS16 (Co-fractionation; 4 records), KRAS (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), PARK2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), RPL13 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), RPL13A (Co-fractionation; 3 records)

SIGNOR signaling

1 signaling interactions:

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
RPL32	“form complex”	“60S cytosolic large ribosomal subunit”	binding

Protein complexes (CORUM) (4)

Experimentally-characterized complexes this protein is a subunit of (★ = the complex contains a known drug target).

4 complexes by size:

Complex	Subunits	Members
★ Nop56p-associated pre-rRNA complex	104	LUC7L2, NCL, RPL27, RPL29, RPL39, RPL7, RPS23, RPS6, MYBBP1A, RPL21, RPL28, RPL5, RPS9, U2AF2, LYAR, RPL13, RPL23, RPL23A, RPL35A, RPL4, RPS24, HNRNPA1, EBNA1BP2, RPLP1, RPS17, U2AF1, DHX9, RPL30, SCYL2, RPL11, RPS11, NOLC1, RPL12, RPL14, RPL17, RPL19, RPL32, RPS13, RPS8, NOP58, RPL36A, RPLP2, RPS2, RPS29, SRP14, TCOF1, TUFM, ACTG2, RBM28, RPL10, RPL37A, RPS12, RPS7, TUBB1, BRIX1, DDX21, GNL3, IGF2BP1, ILF2, RPL10A, RPL15, RPLP0, EEF2, HNRNPU, NOP56, RPL26, RPL3, RPS14, RPS16, RSL1D1, ACTA2, EEF1A1, H1-3, RPL24, RPL6, RPL8, SRPK1, TOP1, FBL, HNRNPM, RPL13A, RPL31, RPL7A, RPS18, H1-10, ILF3, NPM1, RPS15A, TUBA1A, YBX1, H2BC14, PWP1, RPL18A, RPL22, RPL27A, RPS15, RPS3A, SLC25A5, NAP1L1, RPL18, RPL35, RPL36, RPL9, SNU13
Ribosome, cytoplasmic	80	RPS12, RPS27A, RPL12, RPSA, RPL24, RPL27A, RPL37, RPLP0, RPS15, RPS3A, RPL10, RPL15, RPL23A, RPL36A, RPS15A, RPS19, RPL17, RPL6, RPLP1, RPS23, RPS28, RPS6, RPL29, RPL35A, RPS4Y1, RPS7, RPS10, RPL13, RPL28, RPL3, RPL30, RPL36, RPS27, RPS9, RPL14, RPL26, RPS17, RPS2, RPL13A, RPL27, RPL35, RPL38, RPL41, RPS18, RPS26, RPL22, RPL4, RPL5, RPS11, UBA52, RPL18, RPL7A, RPL19, RPL37A, RPL8, RPS14, RPS20, FAU, RPL34, RPL7, RPS21, RPS25, RPS5, RPS13, RPS24, RPS29, RPS8, RPL39, RPL9, RPLP2, RPS3, RPL10A, RPL11, RPL18A, RPL23, RPL31, RPS16, RPS4X, RPL21, RPL32
60S ribosomal subunit, cytoplasmic	47	RPL27, RPL9, RPLP2, RPL17, RPL19, RPL5, RPL12, RPL13, RPL13A, RPL30, RPL35, RPL35A, RPL36, RPL6, RPL18, RPL23A, RPL28, RPL32, RPL37A, RPL38, RPL7, RPL8, RPL10A, RPL21, RPL23, RPL7A, RPLP0, RPL14, RPL27A, RPL29, RPL3, RPL37, RPL39, RPL15, RPL34, RPL36A, RPLP1, RPL10, RPL18A, RPL22, RPL24, RPL31, RPL4, RPL41, UBA52, RPL11, RPL26
TRBP containing complex (DICER, RPL7A, EIF6, MOV10 and subunits of the 60S ribosomal particle)	25	RSL24D1, MOV10, RPL11, RPL14, RPL15, RPL27, RPL28, RPL35A, RPL36, RPL12, RPL13, RPL19, RPL7A, EIF6, RPL18A, RPL21, RPL32, RPL34, RPLP2, DICER1, RPL10A, RPL30, RPL37A, RPL7, RPLP1

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 24 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway	6	20.5×	4e-05

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
mRNA splicing, via spliceosome	6	22.9×	2e-05
RNA splicing	5	18.4×	4e-04

Disease & clinical

Genetic variants

Variant evidence for RPL32: 21 ClinVar records (0 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); 4 GWAS associations.

ClinVar

21 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	9
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

SpliceAI

Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 28 predictions of 440):

Position(s)	Effect	Δscore	Sites
3:12836225	acceptor_loss	1.0000	3
3:12839343	donor_gain	1.0000
3:12839347–12839348	donor_loss	1.0000	4
3:12839531–12839532	acceptor_loss	1.0000	6
3:12836224	acceptor_loss	0.9900	3
3:12839348	donor_loss	0.9900
3:12840140–12840141	donor_loss	0.9900	3
3:12841492–12841493	donor_loss	0.9900	5
3:12839371	donor_gain	0.9800
3:12836226	acceptor_loss	0.9600

HPA cancer prognostics

RNA cancer specificity: Low cancer specificity

Human Protein Atlas survival analysis — favorable = higher expression predicts better survival.

2 prognostic cancer types:

Cancer	Prognostic	p-value
Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA)	unfavorable	6.49e-05
Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (validation)	unfavorable	0.000162

Disease associations

OMIM: gene `` | disease phenotypes:

GWAS associations

4 associations:

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST005962_54	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI x sex x age interaction (4df test)	9e-9
GCST005956_65	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	1e-7
GCST005958_3	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (age >50)	2e-6
GCST005957_13	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (age <50)	9e-6

EFO canonical traits (from GWAS)

3 canonical traits:

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007788	BMI-adjusted waist-hip ratio
EFO:0008007	age at assessment
EFO:0008343	sex interaction measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3987582 (PROTEIN NUCLEIC-ACID COMPLEX)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

Phase ≥1, by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds).

1 molecules by phase:

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL6067484	GENTAMICIN SULFATE	4

PharmGKB: 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no)

ChEMBL bioactivities

46 potent at pChembl≥5 of 50 total, top 45 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
6.52	IC50	300	nM	CHEMBL4109308
6.42	IC50	380	nM	CHEMBL4109308
6.42	IC50	380	nM	CHEMBL4574496
6.41	IC50	390	nM	CHEMBL4126894
6.39	IC50	410	nM	CHEMBL4114159
6.35	IC50	450	nM	CHEMBL4126496
6.30	IC50	500	nM	CHEMBL4574496
6.30	IC50	500	nM	CHEMBL4560206
6.16	IC50	690	nM	CHEMBL4130157
6.15	IC50	710	nM	CHEMBL4108338
6.11	IC50	780	nM	CHEMBL4114159
6.09	IC50	820	nM	CHEMBL4109308
6.07	IC50	850	nM	CHEMBL4107559
6.07	IC50	850	nM	CHEMBL4533299
6.05	IC50	900	nM	CHEMBL4126894
6.05	IC50	900	nM	CHEMBL4126496
6.04	IC50	920	nM	CHEMBL4554909
5.97	IC50	1060	nM	CHEMBL4128388
5.89	IC50	1290	nM	CHEMBL4130157
5.86	IC50	1370	nM	CHEMBL4107559
5.84	IC50	1440	nM	CHEMBL4108338
5.81	IC50	1540	nM	CHEMBL4534859
5.76	IC50	1730	nM	CHEMBL4534859
5.69	IC50	2050	nM	CHEMBL4566239
5.68	IC50	2080	nM	CHEMBL4446635
5.66	IC50	2210	nM	CHEMBL4446635
5.66	EC50	2200	nM	CHEMBL4464929
5.64	IC50	2270	nM	CHEMBL4533299
5.63	IC50	2330	nM	CHEMBL4566239
5.62	IC50	2380	nM	CHEMBL4128388
5.58	IC50	2630	nM	CHEMBL4128250
5.55	IC50	2820	nM	CHEMBL4127458
5.53	IC50	2970	nM	CHEMBL4127311
5.51	IC50	3080	nM	CHEMBL4126072
5.46	IC50	3500	nM	CHEMBL4525277
5.44	IC50	3630	nM	CHEMBL4469712
5.39	IC50	4100	nM	CHEMBL4128560
5.37	IC50	4300	nM	CHEMBL4127016
5.36	IC50	4380	nM	CHEMBL4527910
5.16	IC50	7000	nM	CHEMBL4109308
5.13	IC50	7400	nM	CHLORAMPHENICOL SULFATE SALT
5.09	IC50	8040	nM	CHEMBL4128250
5.08	IC50	8370	nM	CHEMBL4128250
5.03	IC50	9320	nM	CHEMBL4127016
5.03	IC50	9240	nM	CHEMBL4128560

PubChem BioAssay actives

46 with measured affinity, of 205 total; 26 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-4-(triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzamide	1585498: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells expressing human C-terminal V5/6-His-tagged PCSK9 assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 secretion after 16 to 24 hrs by AlphaLISA method	ic50	0.3000	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-3-[4-(triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenyl]propanamide	1532845: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.3800	uM
N-isoquinolin-1-yl-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-4-(triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.3900	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-4-(6-methyltriazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]benzamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.4100	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-4-(5-methyltriazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]benzamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.4500	uM
N-(1-methylpyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)-4-phenyl-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide	1532846: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HeLa cells lysates using human full length PCSK9 encoding mRNAs assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after 45 mins by Steady-Glo luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.5000	uM
N-isoquinolin-1-yl-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-4-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-ylbenzamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.6900	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-5-(triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.7100	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-3-[5-(6-methyltriazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)-2-pyridinyl]-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]propanamide	1532845: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.8500	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-5-(6-methyltriazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]pyridine-2-carboxamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.8500	uM
N-(3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-4-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-ylpiperidine-1-carboxamide	1532846: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HeLa cells lysates using human full length PCSK9 encoding mRNAs assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after 45 mins by Steady-Glo luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	0.9200	uM
N-isoquinolin-1-yl-4-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]benzamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	1.0600	uM
N-isoquinolin-1-yl-4-phenyl-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide	1532846: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HeLa cells lysates using human full length PCSK9 encoding mRNAs assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after 45 mins by Steady-Glo luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	1.5400	uM
N-(3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-4-phenyl-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide	1532845: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	2.0500	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-4-phenyl-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide	1532846: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HeLa cells lysates using human full length PCSK9 encoding mRNAs assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after 45 mins by Steady-Glo luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	2.0800	uM
N-(5,8-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]propanamide	1584424: Inhibition of human 80S ribosome-mediated PCSK9 translation expressed in CHO-K1 cells assessed as reduction in PCSK9 secretion	ec50	2.2000	uM
N-isoquinolin-1-yl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]propanamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	2.6300	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-4-(6-methylpyrazin-2-yl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]benzamide	1497963: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by ELISA	ic50	2.8200	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-4-[6-(dimethylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]benzamide	1497963: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by ELISA	ic50	2.9700	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-4-[6-(methylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]benzamide	1497963: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by ELISA	ic50	3.0800	uM
N-isoquinolin-1-yl-4-(6-methyl-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]piperazine-1-carboxamide	1532845: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	3.5000	uM
N-(3-methylpyrazin-2-yl)-4-phenyl-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide	1532846: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HeLa cells lysates using human full length PCSK9 encoding mRNAs assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after 45 mins by Steady-Glo luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	3.6300	uM
N-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-6-(triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	4.1000	uM
N-isoquinolin-1-yl-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-4-pyrazin-2-ylbenzamide	1497947: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HuH7 cells harboring pCMV-truncated human PCSK9 (1 to 152 residues)-proLuc assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after overnight incubation by luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	4.3000	uM
4-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide	1532846: Binding affinity to 80S ribosome in human HeLa cells lysates using human full length PCSK9 encoding mRNAs assessed as inhibition of PCSK9 mRNA translation after 45 mins by Steady-Glo luciferase reporter gene assay	ic50	4.3800	uM
2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-yl]acetamide;sulfuric acid	717551: Inhibition of mitochondrial ribosome-mediated protein synthesis in human HeLa cells assessed as {35S]methionine incorporation by autoradiography	ic50	7.4000	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

53 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	decreases expression	2
bisphenol S	decreases expression, increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
bisphenol F	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether	affects cotreatment, affects localization, increases expression	1
2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one	increases expression	1
beta-lapachone	increases expression	1
arsenite	affects binding, increases reaction	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	increases expression	1
tobacco tar	decreases expression	1
cupric chloride	affects expression	1
4-hydroxy-equilenin	increases expression	1
azoxystrobin	increases expression	1
chloropicrin	affects expression	1
fenpyroximate	increases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
3-(4’-hydroxy-3’-adamantylbiphenyl-4-yl)acrylic acid	decreases expression	1
pyrimidifen	increases expression	1
oligofectamine	increases expression	1
bisphenol B	increases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
1-(4-(4-propionylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-9-(quinolin-3-yl)benzo(h)(1,6)naphthyridin-2(1H)-one	decreases reaction, increases reaction, decreases expression, affects binding	1
LDN 193189	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
bisphenol AF	increases expression	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Sunitinib	increases expression	1
Amino Acids	decreases expression, increases reaction	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Atrazine	decreases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

89 unique, capped per target: 89 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1920845	Binding	Induction of ribosome to readthrough in human A-T lymphoblastoid cells assessed as ATM ser1981 autophosphorylation at 30 uM after 4 days by PTT-ELISA assay	Synthesis and evaluation of compounds that induce readthrough of premature termination codons. — *Bioorg Med Chem Lett*

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Predicted chemistry — Sugi Predict

The predicted patent-compound landscape for RPL32 across ~30M SureChEMBL compounds — explore on Sugi Predict.