RPP14

Summary

RPP14 (ribonuclease P/MRP subunit p14, HGNC:30327) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 3p14.3, encoding Ribonuclease P protein subunit p14 (O95059). Component of ribonuclease P, a ribonucleoprotein complex that generates mature tRNA molecules by cleaving their 5’-ends. It is a common-essential gene (DepMap: required in 96.9% of cancer cell lines).

This gene encodes a subunit of ribonuclease P and has 3’ to 5’ exoribonuclease activity. Transcripts for this gene are bicistronic and include a conserved downstream open reading frame for the hydroxyacyl-thioester dehydratase type 2 (HTD2) gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 11102 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 7
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 2 total
• Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 96.9% of screened cell lines (common-essential)
• MANE Select transcript: NM_007042

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:30327
Approved symbol	RPP14
Name	ribonuclease P/MRP subunit p14
Location	3p14.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	P14
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000163684
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	606112
Entrez	11102

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 6 — 3 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000295959, ENST00000445193, ENST00000461797, ENST00000462046, ENST00000463550, ENST00000466547

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_007042 NM_001098783, NM_007042

CCDS: CCDS2888

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000295959 — 6 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001874873	58306245	58306417
ENSE00001911317	58317440	58320193
ENSE00003532304	58310309	58310406
ENSE00003550726	58316915	58316993
ENSE00003597315	58316515	58316591
ENSE00003692897	58310507	58310591

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 167 present calls, max score 91.57.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.3257 / max 15.2469, expressed in 145 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
37039	8.0521	1774
37040	6.9940	1740
37041	0.3257	145

Top tissues by expression

248 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	91.57	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	89.60	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	88.80	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	88.53	gold quality
skeletal muscle organ	UBERON:0014892	82.66	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	82.56	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	82.18	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	82.12	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	81.55	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	81.51	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	81.51	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	81.11	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	81.09	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	81.03	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	80.82	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	80.28	gold quality
embryo	UBERON:0000922	80.17	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	80.17	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	80.10	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	80.08	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	79.83	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	79.80	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	79.66	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	79.53	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	79.53	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	79.38	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	79.04	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	78.77	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	78.75	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	78.73	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	4.92

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

118 targeting RPP14, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-9-5P	100.00	72.28	2361
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-150-5P	99.99	66.69	1976
HSA-MIR-4482-3P	99.98	72.50	3147
HSA-MIR-1229-3P	99.97	66.49	906
HSA-MIR-6778-3P	99.96	67.29	2693
HSA-LET-7C-3P	99.95	73.42	2862
HSA-MIR-4778-3P	99.93	70.40	1818
HSA-MIR-6753-3P	99.93	66.57	637
HSA-MIR-7107-3P	99.93	66.73	627
HSA-MIR-515-5P	99.92	69.82	2343
HSA-MIR-519E-5P	99.92	69.62	2358
HSA-MIR-450B-5P	99.92	71.48	3175
HSA-MIR-205-3P	99.92	69.92	3165
HSA-MIR-1305	99.91	71.43	3443
HSA-MIR-345-3P	99.89	70.23	1421
HSA-MIR-6783-3P	99.89	67.92	2059
HSA-MIR-1343-3P	99.89	66.78	1815
HSA-MIR-3065-3P	99.87	70.25	1407
HSA-MIR-765	99.84	68.24	2442
HSA-MIR-1323	99.83	69.89	2471
HSA-MIR-6739-5P	99.80	67.87	2806
HSA-MIR-6842-5P	99.80	67.54	1587
HSA-MIR-7110-5P	99.80	67.84	1712
HSA-MIR-4668-5P	99.79	70.58	3782
HSA-MIR-11181-3P	99.75	66.38	2205
HSA-MIR-6733-5P	99.74	67.94	2759
HSA-MIR-548O-3P	99.74	69.30	2228
HSA-MIR-132-3P	99.73	70.56	1424

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 96.9% of screened cell lines, common-essential.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• A protein subunit of human RNase P, Rpp14, and its interacting partner, OIP2, have 3’–>5’ exoribonuclease activity. (PMID:11929972)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	rpp14	ENSDARG00000011152
mus_musculus	Rpp14	ENSMUSG00000023156
drosophila_melanogaster	Rpp14b	FBGN0039744
drosophila_melanogaster	Rpp14a	FBGN0085346

Protein

Protein identifiers

Ribonuclease P protein subunit p14 — O95059 (reviewed: O95059)

All UniProt accessions (1): O95059

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Component of ribonuclease P, a ribonucleoprotein complex that generates mature tRNA molecules by cleaving their 5’-ends.

Subunit / interactions. RNase P consists of a catalytic RNA moiety and about 10 protein subunits; POP1, POP4, POP5, POP7, RPP14, RPP21, RPP25, RPP30, RPP38 and RPP40. Within the RNase P complex, POP1, POP7 and RPP25 form the ‘finger’ subcomplex, POP5, RPP14, RPP40 and homodimeric RPP30 form the ‘palm’ subcomplex, and RPP21, POP4 and RPP38 form the ‘wrist’ subcomplex. All subunits of the RNase P complex interact with the catalytic RNA.

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Nucleolus.

Miscellaneous. This protein is produced by a bicistronic gene which also produces the HTD2 protein from an overlapping reading frame.

Similarity. Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 2 family.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001092253, NP_008973* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002759	Pop5/Rpp14/Rnp2-like	Family
IPR038085	Rnp2-like_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF01900

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 3.1.26.5 — ribonuclease P (BRENDA: 188 organisms, 407 substrates, 80 inhibitors, 54 Km, 43 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

24 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 15. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
HUMAN PRE-TRNATYR	0.0001–0.0005	5
PRE-TRNATYR	—	5
PRE-TRNAASP	—	4
PTRNATYR	0.0002–0.0305	4
TRNA PRECURSOR	—	4
PRE-TRNA-TYR	0.0001	2
PRE-TRNATHR(AGT)	0.0035–0.05	2
RNASE P RIBOSWITCH A	0.0064–0.0081	2
TRNAPHE (G+1) PRECURSOR	—	2
TRNATYR	—	2
PMINI3PBUG	0.0013	1
PRE-TRNA	—	1
PRE-TRNA SUPS1 TRNASER	0.0002	1
PRE-TRNA-ASP	0.0003	1
PRE-TRNA-CYS	0.0006	1

UniProt features (2 total): initiator methionine 1, chain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

5 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
9UH7	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.84
9UH9	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.47
6AHU	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.66
6AHR	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.92
9UHA	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.93

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-O95059-F1	79.59	0.06

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

6 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-6784531	tRNA processing in the nucleus
R-HSA-6791226	Major pathway of rRNA processing in the nucleolus and cytosol
R-HSA-72306	tRNA processing
R-HSA-72312	rRNA processing
R-HSA-8868773	rRNA processing in the nucleus and cytosol
R-HSA-8953854	Metabolism of RNA

MSigDB gene sets: 195 (showing top): SHEPARD_BMYB_MORPHOLINO_UP, GOMF_ENDONUCLEASE_ACTIVITY, GOMF_RNA_NUCLEASE_ACTIVITY, BROWNE_HCMV_INFECTION_6HR_DN, GOMF_NUCLEASE_ACTIVITY, GOBP_TRNA_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_DN, GRAESSMANN_RESPONSE_TO_MC_AND_DOXORUBICIN_DN, GOMF_RNA_ENDONUCLEASE_ACTIVITY, TTGGAGA_MIR5155P_MIR519E, SANSOM_APC_TARGETS_UP, FLECHNER_BIOPSY_KIDNEY_TRANSPLANT_REJECTED_VS_OK_DN, MARTINEZ_RESPONSE_TO_TRABECTEDIN_DN, BURTON_ADIPOGENESIS_5, SPIELMAN_LYMPHOBLAST_EUROPEAN_VS_ASIAN_DN

GO Biological Process (2): tRNA 5’-leader removal (GO:0001682), tRNA processing (GO:0008033)

GO Molecular Function (4): ribonuclease P RNA binding (GO:0033204), RNA binding (GO:0003723), ribonuclease P activity (GO:0004526), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (7): nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), nucleolus (GO:0005730), multimeric ribonuclease P complex (GO:0030681), nucleus (GO:0005634), ribonuclease P complex (GO:0030677), endoribonuclease complex (GO:1902555), ribonucleoprotein complex (GO:1990904)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-4 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Metabolism of RNA	2
tRNA processing	1
rRNA processing in the nucleus and cytosol	1
rRNA processing	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
nuclear lumen	2
tRNA 5’-end processing	1
RNA processing	1
tRNA metabolic process	1
RNA binding	1
nucleic acid binding	1
tRNA-specific ribonuclease activity	1
RNA endonuclease activity producing 5’-phosphomonoesters, hydrolytic mechanism	1
binding	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
ribonuclease P complex	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
endoribonuclease complex	1
ribonucleoprotein complex	1
endonuclease complex	1
protein-containing complex	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

428 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
RPP14	SOWAHA	Q2M3V2	530
RPP14	KIAA1671	Q9BY89	512
RPP14	ANKRD16	Q6P6B7	507
RPP14	ZBTB34	Q8NCN2	480
RPP14	TMEM154	Q6P9G4	447
RPP14	RNF113A	O15541	400
RPP14	PMM2	O15305	395
RPP14	RPN2	P04844	370
RPP14	POP5	Q969H6	353
RPP14	POP1	Q99575	353
RPP14	RPP30	P78346	353
RPP14	RPP21	Q9H633	353
RPP14	POP4	O95707	352
RPP14	MIPEP	Q99797	349
RPP14	TBX15	Q96SF7	347

IntAct

63 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
RPP14	RPP30	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.890
RPP25	POP7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.810
POP4	RPP14	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.740
RPP30	POP7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
RPP14	POP5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
RPP14	RPP40	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
RPP25	RPP14	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
RPP14	RPP40	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.670
C18orf21	POP7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
POP4	POP7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
NPM1	MPHOSPH10	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.610
ZNF277	RPP14	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RPP14	EXOSC8	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RPP14	ACTN2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GEMIN2	RPP14	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
POP4	NME2P1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
RPP21	POP7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SNRPC	SNRPGP15	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
POP7	RPP40	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
RPP25L	RPP40	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
RPP14	POP7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
RPP14	RPP14	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
RPP14	PCNA	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
RPP14	A2M	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370

BioGRID (71): RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPP14 (Reconstituted Complex), RPP30 (Reconstituted Complex), RPP40 (Reconstituted Complex), RPP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), IGSF21 (Two-hybrid), RPP14 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A5PK00, A7X672, B0K012, O08848, O43929, O54956, O95059, P10155, P11497, P13984, P39656, P42694, P57060, Q0JNK5, Q13085, Q13572, Q28559, Q29381, Q2HJF1, Q2T9L9, Q2YDI2, Q3U2J5, Q3ZBL5, Q53PC7, Q5F480, Q5M939, Q5R6Z7, Q5R812, Q5R9U9, Q5RB79, Q5SWU9, Q5U3V9, Q66HY7, Q6DC64, Q6DFV5, Q6NU27, Q6NYU2, Q80YV4, Q86VN1, Q8BY71

Diamond homologs: O95059, Q5RB79, Q9CQH8

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
RPP14	“form complex”	“Ribonuclease MRP complex”	binding
RPP14	“form complex”	“Nucleolar ribonuclease P complex”	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 45 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
tRNA processing	5	61.5×	2e-06
tRNA processing in the nucleus	7	47.5×	2e-08
rRNA processing in the nucleus and cytosol	6	33.3×	2e-06
rRNA processing	6	30.3×	2e-06
Major pathway of rRNA processing in the nucleolus and cytosol	7	14.9×	1e-05
Metabolism of RNA	8	11.5×	1e-05

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
rRNA processing	6	21.8×	2e-05

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

2 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	0
Likely benign	0
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

872 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
3:58310496:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58310497:C:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58310502:TTTA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:58310505:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58310505:A:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:58310506:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58310506:GA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58310506:GAGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58310506:GAGAA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58310589:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
3:58310589:G:T	donor_gain	1.0000
3:58310589:GAGG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58310591:GGTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58316587:AGCAG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58316589:CAGGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58316590:AGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58316591:GGTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58316592:GTATG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58316593:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58316913:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58316913:AGT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58316914:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58316914:GT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58316914:GTG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58310577:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9900
3:58310587:GGGAG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
3:58310588:GGAG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
3:58310588:GGAGG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
3:58310589:GAG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
3:58316510:TGCA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900

AlphaMissense

791 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
3:58316570:C:A	A73D	0.977
3:58316934:A:C	S87R	0.977
3:58316936:C:A	S87R	0.977
3:58316936:C:G	S87R	0.977
3:58316983:G:C	R103P	0.956
3:58317443:T:C	S108P	0.956
3:58317478:G:C	R119S	0.956
3:58317478:G:T	R119S	0.956
3:58316986:T:A	V104E	0.955
3:58310552:A:C	K41N	0.952
3:58310552:A:T	K41N	0.952
3:58316569:G:C	A73P	0.952
3:58317473:A:C	S118R	0.952
3:58317475:T:A	S118R	0.952
3:58317475:T:G	S118R	0.952
3:58316576:T:C	L75S	0.951
3:58310557:T:C	L43P	0.943
3:58316980:T:C	F102S	0.942
3:58317453:T:A	L111H	0.938
3:58317477:G:T	R119M	0.937
3:58316580:A:C	R76S	0.935
3:58316580:A:T	R76S	0.935
3:58316947:T:C	L91P	0.935
3:58310400:T:A	V24D	0.930
3:58317462:T:C	L114S	0.928
3:58317477:G:C	R119T	0.923
3:58310390:T:G	Y21D	0.917
3:58316973:T:C	C100R	0.916
3:58310406:T:C	L26P	0.915
3:58316976:G:C	A101P	0.915

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000274592 (3:58308684 T>G), RS1000635913 (3:58312825 G>T), RS1000643635 (3:58316767 G>A,C), RS1000969611 (3:58317989 G>A,C,T), RS1000990659 (3:58318553 T>C,G), RS1001110062 (3:58311456 A>G), RS1001188625 (3:58313747 C>A), RS1001243426 (3:58307506 C>G), RS1001318525 (3:58307920 G>A), RS1001370830 (3:58308290 T>A), RS1001373520 (3:58320654 A>G), RS1001561457 (3:58311287 T>C), RS1001563995 (3:58304480 G>A), RS1001773346 (3:58309157 C>T), RS1001818262 (3:58320375 C>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:606112 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

7 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST006048_48	Rheumatoid arthritis (ACPA-positive)	1.000000e-08
GCST006614_139	Total cholesterol levels	9.000000e-09
GCST008163_613	Height	9.000000e-06
GCST010002_426	Refractive error	5.000000e-14
GCST010083_211	Hemoglobin levels	1.000000e-12
GCST011878_5	Mitochondrial heteroplasmy measurement	3.000000e-14
GCST90002401_120	Platelet distribution width	5.000000e-09

EFO canonical traits (4, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004574	total cholesterol measurement
EFO:0004509	hemoglobin measurement
EFO:0600008	mitochondrial heteroplasmy measurement
EFO:0007984	platelet component distribution width

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

24 total (human), top 24 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Cadmium Chloride	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
dicrotophos	decreases expression	1
alpha phellandrene	decreases expression	1
glycidyl methacrylate	decreases expression	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression, increases abundance	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
2-palmitoylglycerol	increases expression	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Air Pollutants	affects expression, increases abundance	1
Arsenic	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Vehicle Emissions	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Cadmium	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Enzyme Inhibitors	decreases activity, increases O-linked glycosylation	1
Ozone	affects expression, increases abundance	1
Phthalic Acids	decreases methylation	1
Plant Extracts	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Rotenone	decreases expression	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Valproic Acid	affects expression	1
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	decreases expression	1
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, increases abundance	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.