SCARA3

Summary

SCARA3 (scavenger receptor class A member 3, HGNC:19000) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 8p21.1, encoding Scavenger receptor class A member 3 (Q6AZY7). Seems to protect cells by scavenging oxidative molecules or harmful products of oxidation.

This gene encodes a macrophage scavenger receptor-like protein. This protein has been shown to deplete reactive oxygen species, and thus play an important role in protecting cells from oxidative stress. The expression of this gene is induced by oxidative stress. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described.

Source: NCBI Gene 51435 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 109 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_016240

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:19000
Approved symbol	SCARA3
Name	scavenger receptor class A member 3
Location	8p21.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	CSR1, CSR, MSLR1, APC7, MSRL1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000168077
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	602728
Entrez	51435

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 12 — 12 protein_coding

ENST00000301904, ENST00000337221, ENST00000890601, ENST00000890602, ENST00000890603, ENST00000890604, ENST00000890605, ENST00000890606, ENST00000890607, ENST00000890608, ENST00000932941, ENST00000970378

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_016240 NM_016240, NM_182826

CCDS: CCDS34870, CCDS34871

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000301904 — 6 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001120136	27649702	27649800
ENSE00001120138	27651508	27651627
ENSE00001120139	27656782	27656880
ENSE00001120140	27658496	27659539
ENSE00001120141	27670900	27673018
ENSE00001291987	27633902	27634207

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 242 present calls, max score 97.74.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 8.6130 / max 166.9200, expressed in 1276 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
88167	7.4874	1255
88166	0.4003	236
88168	0.3572	178
88169	0.2095	98
88165	0.1535	78
205138	0.0052	1

Top tissues by expression

288 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	97.74	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	96.55	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	96.04	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	95.64	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	95.61	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	95.58	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	95.54	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	94.87	gold quality
tendon	UBERON:0000043	94.41	gold quality
tendon of biceps brachii	UBERON:0008188	94.03	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	93.53	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	93.33	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	92.32	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	92.04	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	92.02	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	92.00	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	91.87	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	91.67	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	91.63	gold quality
layer of synovial tissue	UBERON:0007616	91.63	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	91.56	gold quality
myometrium	UBERON:0001296	91.51	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	91.38	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	91.23	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	91.18	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	91.16	gold quality
seminal vesicle	UBERON:0000998	91.11	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	91.09	gold quality
synovial joint	UBERON:0002217	90.93	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	90.79	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-114	yes	25.92
E-ANND-3	yes	6.52

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

57 targeting SCARA3, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6867-5P	100.00	82.21	3464
HSA-MIR-4747-5P	100.00	67.90	2681
HSA-MIR-5196-5P	100.00	67.98	2761
HSA-MIR-3120-5P	100.00	65.56	965
HSA-MIR-511-3P	99.99	68.85	1467
HSA-MIR-6825-5P	99.96	69.81	3431
HSA-MIR-6499-3P	99.90	66.38	1212
HSA-MIR-202-5P	99.78	67.65	991
HSA-MIR-4524A-3P	99.72	66.85	2406
HSA-MIR-4530	99.69	66.47	1509
HSA-MIR-6883-5P	99.69	68.05	3785
HSA-MIR-646	99.68	67.84	1645
HSA-MIR-6762-3P	99.66	66.94	1188
HSA-MIR-4666B	99.64	68.69	1282
HSA-MIR-567	99.63	68.57	1219
HSA-MIR-516B-5P	99.56	66.33	1495
HSA-MIR-3915	99.45	68.49	1905
HSA-MIR-297	99.40	69.58	1418
HSA-MIR-4316	99.37	65.75	1360
HSA-MIR-542-3P	99.34	67.58	1270
HSA-MIR-183-5P	99.31	72.27	1164
HSA-MIR-5589-3P	99.29	68.30	1443
HSA-MIR-223-5P	99.24	68.82	1206
HSA-MIR-6510-5P	99.14	66.59	1081
HSA-MIR-6809-5P	99.13	68.45	1223
HSA-MIR-922	99.02	67.23	1838
HSA-MIR-4270	99.02	66.26	1987
HSA-MIR-143-5P	98.98	68.87	946
HSA-MIR-3190-5P	98.87	64.89	1345
HSA-MIR-7705	98.69	67.47	543

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 15)

• Down-regulation of CSR1 protein expression by promoter methylation is associated with tumor growth and metastasis of prostate cancer (PMID:16436673)
• CSR1 appears to induce cell death through a novel mechanism by hijacking a critical RNA processing enzyme CPSF3. (PMID:18806823)
• The consistently high SCARA3 levels in both primary carcinomas and metastatic cells in effusions, and its up-regulation along disease progression from diagnosis to recurrence, suggest a role in ovarian cancer biology. (PMID:21855113)
• Results demonstrate the involvement of SCARA3 and SCARA5 in the uptake of PF14-oligonucleotide nanocomplexes. (PMID:22138034)
• The binding of CSR1 with XIAP enhanced caspase-9 and caspase-3 protease activities. (PMID:22683311)
• Data indicate that the clinical samples showed an inverse correlation between SCARA3 gene expression, myeloma progression, and favorable clinical prognosis. (PMID:23537707)
• Findings regarding the interaction of NADPH-P450 reductase (NPR) with cellular stress response (CSR) indicated function of NPR in hypoxic response. (PMID:24491563)
• Suppression of CSR1 expression is a novel mechanism critical for the oncogenic activity of miR-650. (PMID:25956032)
• The interaction between CSR1 and SF3A3 led to migration of SF3A3 from nucleus to cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic redistribution of SF3A3 significantly reduced the splicing efficiency of epidermal growth factor receptor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor. (PMID:27148859)
• demonstrated that CSR1 inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion through inactivation of hematopoietic PBX interacting protein (HPIP) and its downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. (PMID:28975986)
• CSR1 is SUMOylated at K582 and rapid ubiquitinated and degradated in prostate cancer cells. (PMID:29705808)
• Study found that SCARA3 is associated with severity of hand, foot, and mouth disease, and it may be a potential prognostic marker to predict the HFMD progression in EV71 infected patients. (PMID:31577778)
• Identification of SCARA3 with potential roles in metabolic disorders. (PMID:33318306)
• DICER-AS1 functions as competing endogenous RNA that targets CSR1 by sponging microRNA-650 and suppresses gastric cancer progression. (PMID:34586953)
• SCARA3 inhibits cell proliferation and EMT through AKT signaling pathway in lung cancer. (PMID:35578316)

Cross-species orthologs

15 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	scara3	ENSDARG00000008060
mus_musculus	Scara3	ENSMUSG00000034463
rattus_norvegicus	Scara3	ENSRNOG00000016177
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000599
caenorhabditis_elegans	col-35	WBGENE00000612
caenorhabditis_elegans	col-47	WBGENE00000624
caenorhabditis_elegans	col-50	WBGENE00000627
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000661
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000700
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000701
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000717
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000718
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000721
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000757
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000760

Paralogs (2): METTL24 (ENSG00000053328), CTHRC1 (ENSG00000164932)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Scavenger receptor class A member 3 — Q6AZY7 (reviewed: Q6AZY7)

Alternative names: Cellular stress response gene protein

All UniProt accessions (1): Q6AZY7

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Seems to protect cells by scavenging oxidative molecules or harmful products of oxidation.

Subcellular location. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Golgi apparatus membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed ubiquitously.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q6AZY7-1	1, CSR1	yes
Q6AZY7-2	2, CSR2

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_057324, NP_878185 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR008160	Collagen	Repeat
IPR052376	Oxidative_Scav/Glycosyltrans	Family

Pfam: PF01391

UniProt features (30 total): glycosylation site 10, sequence variant 6, compositionally biased region 4, topological domain 2, splice variant 2, domain 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, sequence conflict 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q6AZY7-F1	70.76	0.36

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (10): 115, 182, 224, 257, 313, 337, 365, 400, 430, 451

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 127 (showing top): MODULE_255, GOCC_COLLAGEN_TRIMER, MODULE_317, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, GOBP_UV_PROTECTION, SENESE_HDAC1_AND_HDAC2_TARGETS_DN, YORDY_RECIPROCAL_REGULATION_BY_ETS1_AND_SP100_UP, MARTORIATI_MDM4_TARGETS_NEUROEPITHELIUM_DN, chr8p21, MARTINEZ_RB1_TARGETS_DN, RIGGI_EWING_SARCOMA_PROGENITOR_DN, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_UV, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_RADIATION, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_ABIOTIC_STIMULUS, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_LIGHT_STIMULUS

GO Biological Process (3): response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979), UV protection (GO:0009650), vesicle-mediated transport (GO:0016192)

GO Molecular Function (2): scavenger receptor activity (GO:0005044), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (6): Golgi membrane (GO:0000139), collagen trimer (GO:0005581), endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cytoplasm	2
endomembrane system	2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	2
response to stress	1
response to UV	1
transport	1
cellular process	1
cargo receptor activity	1
binding	1
Golgi apparatus	1
bounding membrane of organelle	1
protein-containing complex	1
organelle membrane	1
nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network	1
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1496 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
SCARA3	CPSF3	Q9UKF6	966
SCARA3	CPSF2	Q9P2I0	751
SCARA3	DCLRE1A	Q6PJP8	549
SCARA3	FBF1	Q8TES7	546
SCARA3	BLOC1S1	P78537	504
SCARA3	PIWIL1	Q96J94	480
SCARA3	ALG3	Q92685	480
SCARA3	PIWIL4	Q7Z3Z4	479
SCARA3	IER3	P46695	464
SCARA3	HGSNAT	Q68CP4	452
SCARA3	FREM1	Q5H8C1	445
SCARA3	PDCD11	Q14690	439
SCARA3	SRC	P12931	436
SCARA3	IRS1	P35568	434
SCARA3	BPIFB2	Q8N4F0	429

IntAct

47 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
MMP9	TIMP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
B3GAT3	GOLIM4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
COLEC12	SCARA3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.620
SCARA3	SYNGR2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
SYNGR2	SCARA3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FBXO2	TMEM131L	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LGALS3	PODXL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PLOD3	PLOD2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ABHD14A	TMEM259	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LAIR2	LAMA5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LGALS1	PODXL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SDC1	ILVBL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
CNOT7	SCARA3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
SCARA3	DEGS1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LAIR2	PLOD3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TMEM106A	TMEM131L	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
BRICD5	TMEM131L	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
IL5RA	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TMEM87A	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NCR3	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
DNAJB9	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SCN3B	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MFAP4	QSOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PRG2	QSOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C1QTNF9B	RTCA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PLOD1	PLOD2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C1QTNF1	PLOD2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (152): SCARA3 (Two-hybrid), SCARA3 (Affinity Capture-RNA), SCARA3 (Affinity Capture-RNA), SCARA3 (Affinity Capture-RNA), SCARA3 (Affinity Capture-MS), COLEC12 (Affinity Capture-MS), XPO7 (Affinity Capture-MS), COCH (Affinity Capture-MS), HLA-A (Affinity Capture-MS), PXDN (Affinity Capture-MS), ABHD14A (Affinity Capture-MS), ATR (Affinity Capture-MS), HEATR3 (Affinity Capture-MS), SENP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), IQCB1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2VE00, A2VE53, A2XW69, A5PMY6, A6QP79, B2RPV6, F1QC17, F7DP49, O75071, Q07065, Q0II90, Q13201, Q2LK54, Q32L59, Q3UIJ9, Q4V7C8, Q4V885, Q53EZ4, Q5BIX7, Q5EAJ6, Q5EB94, Q5KU26, Q5R6R3, Q5R923, Q5RI56, Q5ZM60, Q61595, Q640L3, Q6AZY7, Q6NRC9, Q6P6L0, Q70UQ0, Q7XU27, Q7Z7B0, Q84VY2, Q8BGQ6, Q8BIS8, Q8BMK4, Q8BT07, Q8BVC4

Diamond homologs: Q6AZY7, Q8C850

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 59 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Post-translational protein phosphorylation	5	12.8×	1e-03
Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)	5	11.1×	2e-03
Extracellular matrix organization	6	9.7×	1e-03
Neutrophil degranulation	8	4.7×	4e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

109 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	91
Likely benign	11
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

859 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
8:27649700:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27649701:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27649701:GT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27649796:GAAGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
8:27649799:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
8:27649800:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
8:27651503:CACA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
8:27651505:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
8:27651506:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27651506:AGGCC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27651507:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27651507:GGCCG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27651626:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
8:27651626:GGGT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27651627:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
8:27651627:GGTG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27651628:G:A	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27651629:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27651630:G:GT	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27656780:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27656781:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:27659536:CGAG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27659537:GAGG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27659538:AGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27659540:GT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
8:27634207:GGTAA:G	donor_loss	0.9900
8:27634208:GTAA:G	donor_loss	0.9900
8:27649699:TA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
8:27649699:TAGTG:T	acceptor_gain	0.9900
8:27649700:AGT:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

3921 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
8:27659266:G:C	A366P	0.992
8:27659294:T:C	L375P	0.982
8:27659323:T:C	C385R	0.981
8:27659325:C:G	C385W	0.981
8:27659303:T:C	L378P	0.980
8:27659102:T:C	L311P	0.978
8:27659366:T:C	L399P	0.977
8:27659324:G:A	C385Y	0.975
8:27659183:G:C	R338P	0.974
8:27659069:T:C	L300P	0.973
8:27659315:G:C	R382P	0.973
8:27659462:T:C	L431P	0.968
8:27659216:G:C	R349P	0.965
8:27671161:G:A	G544E	0.964
8:27659279:A:C	H370P	0.962
8:27671097:G:C	G523R	0.960
8:27656784:T:C	F77L	0.957
8:27656786:C:A	F77L	0.957
8:27656786:C:G	F77L	0.957
8:27659282:T:A	V371E	0.955
8:27659323:T:A	C385S	0.955
8:27659324:G:C	C385S	0.955
8:27671116:G:A	G529E	0.955
8:27658913:T:C	L248P	0.954
8:27659300:A:G	Y377C	0.954
8:27659261:T:G	I364S	0.953
8:27659270:C:T	T367I	0.952
8:27671106:G:C	G526R	0.952
8:27659292:G:A	M374I	0.950
8:27659292:G:C	M374I	0.950

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000009761 (8:27729011 G>A), RS1000013473 (8:27644787 G>A,T), RS1000038334 (8:27690858 T>C), RS1000080967 (8:27650238 G>A), RS1000111479 (8:27719536 T>C,G), RS1000166640 (8:27665103 G>A), RS1000179054 (8:27680262 G>A,C,T), RS1000232848 (8:27679913 T>C,G), RS1000257045 (8:27656096 C>T), RS1000309487 (8:27656343 G>A), RS1000320917 (8:27724650 T>C), RS1000326158 (8:27702244 G>A), RS1000366011 (8:27684991 G>T), RS1000440647 (8:27702458 A>C), RS1000455053 (8:27668402 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:602728 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST004521_193	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	3.000000e-09
GCST010002_272	Refractive error	3.000000e-16

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

61 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects expression, increases methylation	7
Particulate Matter	increases response to substance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance, affects expression (+2 more)	4
bisphenol A	affects expression, decreases expression, affects cotreatment	3
sodium arsenite	affects expression, decreases expression, increases expression	3
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression, affects methylation, decreases expression	3
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression, increases expression	2
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	2
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Air Pollutants	affects expression, affects methylation, decreases expression, increases abundance	2
Dexamethasone	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	2
pirinixic acid	affects binding, decreases expression, increases activity	1
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate	decreases expression	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	decreases expression	1
zinc chloride	decreases expression	1
butyraldehyde	decreases expression	1
cerous chloride	decreases expression	1
lanthanum chloride	increases expression	1
hydroquinone	decreases expression	1
isobutyl alcohol	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	1
diallyl trisulfide	decreases expression	1
avobenzone	increases expression	1
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid	decreases expression	1
2-palmitoylglycerol	increases expression	1
entinostat	increases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
2-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (2-methyl-4-o-tolylazophenyl)amide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
jinfukang	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.