SCD

Summary

SCD (stearoyl-CoA desaturase, HGNC:10571) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 10q24.31, encoding Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (O00767). Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 67.2% of cell lines).

This gene encodes an enzyme involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, primarily the synthesis of oleic acid. The protein belongs to the fatty acid desaturase family and is an integral membrane protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Transcripts of approximately 3.9 and 5.2 kb, differing only by alternative polyadenlyation signals, have been detected. A gene encoding a similar enzyme is located on chromosome 4 and a pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 17.

Source: NCBI Gene 6319 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): adrenoleukodystrophy (Limited, GenCC)
• GWAS associations: 8
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 33 total
• GTEx eGene: eQTL in 16 tissues, sQTL in 5 (q < 0.05)
• ChEMBL bioactivity: 1 clinical-phase molecule tested; no curated mechanism-of-action drug
• Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 67.2% of screened cell lines
• Constraint (gnomAD): pLI 1.00 (loss-of-function intolerant), LOEUF 0.24 (highly constrained)
• MANE Select transcript: NM_005063
• Interaction hub: 2,488 STRING partners (top 4% of genes corpus-wide)

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:10571
Approved symbol	SCD
Name	stearoyl-CoA desaturase
Location	10q24.31
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	FADS5, SCD1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000099194
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	604031
Entrez	6319

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 16 — 11 protein_coding, 5 nonsense_mediated_decay

MANE Select: ENST00000370355

Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported): TSL 1: 1

ENST00000370355, ENST00000884319, ENST00000884320, ENST00000884321, ENST00000884322, ENST00000911677, ENST00000973358, ENST00001083071, ENST00001083074, ENST00001083075, ENST00001095515, ENST00001107826, ENST00001115692, ENST00001121740, ENST00001121741, ENST00001137484

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_005063 NM_005063

CCDS: CCDS7493

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000370355 — 6 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000720696	100352366	100352496
ENSE00000720697	100354427	100354632
ENSE00000720699	100356532	100356764
ENSE00000811324	100348064	100348346
ENSE00001452458	100360734	100364826
ENSE00001452460	100347233	100347531

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 289 present calls, max score 99.89.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 245.4468 / max 21596.1616, expressed in 1780 samples.

Highest expression (Bgee): inferior vagus X ganglion, subthalamic nucleus, superior vestibular nucleus, medulla oblongata, substantia nigra pars reticulata.

Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL)

SCD is an eGene in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in 16 tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in 5 (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant’s alternative allele.

showing 20 of 21 significant tissue × QTL associations:

Tissue	QTL	q-value	Slope	Lead variant
Adipose Visceral Omentum	eqtl	8.4e-09	-0.24	10:100315722:G:A
Adipose Subcutaneous	eqtl	2.2e-08	-0.25	10:100315722:G:A
Breast Mammary Tissue	sqtl	2.3e-04	-1.97	10:100653329:G:A
Brain Spinal cord cervical c-1	sqtl	1.1e-03	+0.52	10:100351347:GC:G
Cells Cultured fibroblasts	sqtl	1.4e-03	+1.04	10:99453584:T:C
Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes	sqtl	1.6e-03	+0.32	10:100356451:ATCCCC:A
Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg	eqtl	1.6e-03	-0.30	10:100353922:C:T
Vagina	eqtl	2.0e-03	+3.24	10:101035730:C:T
Brain Nucleus accumbens basal ganglia	eqtl	2.4e-03	-0.24	10:100413687:T:C
Breast Mammary Tissue	eqtl	2.9e-03	-0.81	10:99551235:G:A
Artery Tibial	eqtl	3.9e-03	+0.16	10:100335312:C:T
Muscle Skeletal	eqtl	4.4e-03	-0.35	10:100331167:A:T
Artery Aorta	eqtl	1.1e-02	-0.36	10:100353922:C:T
Brain Hypothalamus	eqtl	1.7e-02	-0.18	10:100833864:A:G
Lung	eqtl	1.9e-02	-0.16	10:100361805:A:C
Thyroid	eqtl	2.8e-02	-0.20	10:101325287:C:G
Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic	eqtl	2.8e-02	-0.72	10:99526834:G:C
Adrenal Gland	eqtl	3.0e-02	+0.42	10:100429412:T:C
Esophagus Mucosa	eqtl	3.3e-02	-0.16	10:100874050:CT:C
Spleen	eqtl	3.3e-02	+1.63	10:99480847:CA:C

FANTOM5 promoters

showing 10 of 11 alternative TSS:

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
106524	120.0416	1231
106520	78.4562	1736
106517	23.8323	1704
106518	8.6489	1586
106519	5.6227	1407
106523	2.6720	858
106525	2.5774	755
106529	2.2930	742
106522	0.6569	367
106516	0.5342	271

Top tissues by expression

showing 100 of 294 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
inferior vagus X ganglion	UBERON:0005363	99.89	gold quality
subthalamic nucleus	UBERON:0001906	99.86	gold quality
superior vestibular nucleus	UBERON:0007227	99.85	gold quality
medulla oblongata	UBERON:0001896	99.83	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	99.81	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	99.76	gold quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	99.76	gold quality
pons	UBERON:0000988	99.74	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	99.69	gold quality
ventral tegmental area	UBERON:0002691	99.68	gold quality
globus pallidus	UBERON:0001875	99.66	gold quality
inferior olivary complex	UBERON:0002127	99.65	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	99.64	gold quality
medial globus pallidus	UBERON:0002477	99.64	gold quality
dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve	UBERON:0002870	99.60	gold quality
midbrain	UBERON:0001891	99.51	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	99.48	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46	UBERON:0006483	99.46	gold quality
cranial nerve II	UBERON:0000941	99.45	gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamus	UBERON:0002736	99.45	gold quality
trigeminal ganglion	UBERON:0001675	99.37	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	99.29	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	99.26	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	99.25	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	99.24	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	99.20	gold quality
parietal lobe	UBERON:0001872	99.19	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	99.17	gold quality
postcentral gyrus	UBERON:0002581	99.15	gold quality
embryo	UBERON:0000922	99.08	gold quality
CA1 field of hippocampus	UBERON:0003881	99.07	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	99.01	gold quality
adult organism	UBERON:0007023	98.89	gold quality
dorsal plus ventral thalamus	UBERON:0001897	98.87	gold quality
orbitofrontal cortex	UBERON:0004167	98.86	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	98.78	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	98.77	gold quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	98.65	gold quality
lower lobe of lung	UBERON:0008949	98.65	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	98.59	gold quality
olfactory bulb	UBERON:0002264	98.52	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	98.45	gold quality
type B pancreatic cell	CL:0000169	98.38	gold quality
pigmented layer of retina	UBERON:0001782	98.37	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	98.36	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	98.30	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	98.23	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	98.17	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	98.15	gold quality
entorhinal cortex	UBERON:0002728	98.08	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	98.06	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	98.05	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	97.99	gold quality
telencephalon	UBERON:0001893	97.86	gold quality
skin of hip	UBERON:0001554	97.82	gold quality
occipital lobe	UBERON:0002021	97.82	gold quality
dorsal root ganglion	UBERON:0000044	97.65	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	97.65	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	97.49	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	97.45	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	97.42	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	97.25	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	97.22	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	97.20	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	97.18	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	97.15	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	97.06	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	97.04	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	96.90	gold quality
epithelium of esophagus	UBERON:0001976	96.86	gold quality
connective tissue	UBERON:0002384	96.84	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	96.76	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	96.71	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	96.69	gold quality
central nervous system	UBERON:0001017	96.51	gold quality
oral cavity	UBERON:0000167	96.50	gold quality
brain	UBERON:0000955	96.42	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	96.38	gold quality
forebrain	UBERON:0001890	96.35	gold quality
synovial joint	UBERON:0002217	96.31	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	96.31	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	96.25	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	96.23	gold quality
corpus epididymis	UBERON:0004359	96.19	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	96.07	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	96.04	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	95.97	gold quality
tongue squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006919	95.96	gold quality
gingiva	UBERON:0001828	95.82	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	95.81	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	95.81	gold quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	95.75	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	95.58	gold quality
squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006914	95.56	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	95.45	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	95.38	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	95.36	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	95.32	gold quality
mammary duct	UBERON:0001765	95.16	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	95.15	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 13 experiment(s), a significant marker in 11.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-8495	yes	2432.11
E-GEOD-86618	yes	757.95
E-MTAB-8221	yes	660.91
E-HCAD-1	yes	92.32
E-HCAD-35	yes	73.55
E-HCAD-25	yes	53.77
E-ANND-3	yes	27.99
E-GEOD-93593	yes	18.41
E-GEOD-130148	yes	14.68
E-GEOD-84465	yes	13.34
E-GEOD-83139	yes	8.09
E-MTAB-6075	no	955.57
E-MTAB-9689	no	689.53

HPA expression

RNA tissue specificity: Tissue enhanced

showing 60 of 80 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM:

Tissue / cell	Axis	nTPM	Protein (IHC)
Adipose tissue	tissue	1158.4	high
Locus coeruleus	tissue	675.7
Spinal cord	tissue	659.9
Liver	tissue	546.1	high
Corpus callosum	tissue	538.1
Medulla oblongata	tissue	448.3
Hippocampus	tissue	438.4	medium
Midbrain	tissue	395.9
Nucleus accumbens	tissue	354.8
Thalamus	tissue	348.9
Substantia nigra	tissue	330.0
Pons	tissue	313.9
Periaqueductal gray	tissue	277.6
Superior colliculi	tissue	268.7
Amygdala	tissue	263.5
Hypothalamus	tissue	250.9
Postcentral gyrus	tissue	248.3
Cerebral cortex	tissue	238.4	high
Insular cortex	tissue	238.4
Motor cortex	tissue	234.7
Prefrontal cortex	tissue	221.7
Somatosensory cortex	tissue	218.1
Putamen	tissue	212.4
Ventral forebrain	tissue	211.7
Hippocampal formation	tissue	210.4
Temporal cortex	tissue	200.5
Septum	tissue	200.2
Retrosplenial cortex	tissue	191.7
Retrosplenial and cingulate cortex	tissue	189.3
Occipital cortex	tissue	186.6
Entorhinal cortex	tissue	171.7
Lung	tissue	134.6	high
Basal ganglia	tissue	129.5	medium
Cerebellum	tissue	126.2	high
Olfactory bulb	tissue	123.0
Breast	tissue	116.8	high
Salivary gland	tissue	106.1	high
Prostate	tissue	94.0	medium
Choroid plexus	tissue	89.1
Duodenum	tissue	87.8	high
Adrenal gland	tissue	81.6	high
Parathyroid gland	tissue	74.6	medium
Testis	tissue	48.5	high
Esophagus	tissue	44.6	high
Heart muscle	tissue	44.1	high
Vagina	tissue	41.9	high
Colon	tissue	40.2	high
Rectum	tissue	37.3	high
Ovary	tissue	32.7	medium
Gallbladder	tissue	27.0	high
Appendix	tissue	24.3	high
Epididymis	tissue	24.1	high
Small intestine	tissue	22.2	high
Bone marrow	tissue	21.7	medium
Pancreas	tissue	21.4	high
Stomach 1	tissue	20.7	high
Tonsil	tissue	19.6	high
Placenta	tissue	18.7	high
Kidney	tissue	17.3	medium
Thymus	tissue	17.1

Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas): detected in 292; highest nTPM — Cerebellar white matter (1479.4), Nucleus raphe obscurus (1398.0), Dorsal funiculus (white matter) (1154.4), Parieto-temporal junction (white matter) (1152.6), Corpus callosum, genu (white matter) (1108.6).

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AP1, CEBPA, CEBPB, CEBPG, CREB1, FOXO1, HNF1A, NFYA, NR1H2, NR1H3, NR1I2, NR2C2, PPARG, PRKAA1, RARA, SP1, SREBF1, TFAP2A, THRA

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

Targeting SCD by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific).

showing 30 of 177 miRNAs:

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4262	100.00	73.26	3931
HSA-MIR-200B-3P	100.00	73.31	2693
HSA-MIR-200C-3P	100.00	73.35	2685
HSA-MIR-429	100.00	73.44	2698
HSA-MIR-12118	100.00	65.88	1270
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-6758-5P	100.00	66.21	1470
HSA-MIR-6856-5P	100.00	65.47	1298
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-4283	100.00	66.42	2097
HSA-MIR-188-3P	100.00	68.76	1240
HSA-MIR-5011-5P	100.00	83.46	5820
HSA-MIR-190A-3P	100.00	80.35	5520
HSA-MIR-3924	100.00	72.09	2394
HSA-MIR-181A-5P	99.99	72.96	2995
HSA-MIR-181B-5P	99.99	72.97	2996
HSA-MIR-181C-5P	99.99	72.95	2996
HSA-MIR-181D-5P	99.99	73.04	2997
HSA-MIR-371B-5P	99.99	75.34	4759
HSA-MIR-4500	99.99	72.72	2367
HSA-MIR-186-5P	99.99	70.83	3707
HSA-MIR-513B-5P	99.99	69.96	2150
HSA-MIR-4531	99.99	69.70	3181
HSA-MIR-373-5P	99.98	75.36	4753
HSA-MIR-616-5P	99.98	75.58	4775
HSA-LET-7A-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7B-5P	99.98	72.31	1790
HSA-LET-7C-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7E-5P	99.98	72.29	1790

Functional genomics

gnomAD constraint: pLI 1, LOEUF 0.242, missense Z 3.29 — population loss-of-function intolerance (pLI ≥ 0.9 = LoF-intolerant; lower LOEUF = more constrained). gnomAD

Regional missense constraint (gnomAD)

ENST00000370355 splits into 2 regions with different missense tolerance; 0 are missense-constrained. Missense variants in a constrained region (low observed/expected) are more likely to be pathogenic. gnomAD

Region (GRCh38)	Missense obs / exp	o/e	Constrained
10:100,347,505–100,348,241	77 / 88.4	0.87	no
10:100,348,242–100,360,930	205 / 372.3	0.55	no
DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 67.2% of screened cell lines.

Most-dependent cell lines (DepMap gene-effect, lower = stronger; ≤ −0.5 shown): HT-29 (-3.512), SNU-16 (-3.081), PA-TU-8988T (-2.892), NB-4 (-2.79), PA-TU-8902 (-2.777), NCI-H1299 (-2.542), LS1034 (-2.526), SU-DHL-8 (-2.409), KP-4 (-2.402), SLR 20 (-2.397), TE-5 (-2.307), KYSE-410 (-2.215), SNU-C1 (-2.177), MEC-1 (-2.14), Detroit 562 (-2.063).

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity by the cis-9,trans-11 isomer and the trans-10,cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid in human breast cancer cells. (PMID:12061775)
• stearoyl-CoA desaturase influence on plasma triglycerides in hypertriglyceridemia (PMID:12401889)
• Of genes identified in the liver whose expression is modulated by leptin, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 ranks at the top of the list, according to this review. (PMID:14683458)
• relationship between triglyceride levels and the ratio of plasma oleic acid to stearic acid (the 18:1/18:0 ratio), a plasma marker of SCD activity, and n-3 PUFAs in 411 Japanese, 418 Korean, and 251 Mongolian adults (PMID:14967817)
• increased palmitate and stearate desaturation by stearoyl-CoA desaturase was associated with the destabilization of ABCA1 by saturated fatty acids palmitate and stearate (PMID:14967823)
• loss of SCD expression is a frequent event in prostate adenocarcinoma (PMID:15609334)
• The identification and characterization of SCD2, and its relationship to human SCD1 and mouse SCD2, are reported. (PMID:15610069)
• No evidence that SCD sequence variation influences diabetes susceptibility or related traits. (PMID:15662557)
• Results suggest that stearoyl-CoA desaturase levels are associated with the events of neoplastic cell transformation and programmed cell death. (PMID:15708362)
• by globally regulating lipid metabolism, stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity modulates cell proliferation and survival and shows the role of endogenously synthesized monounsaturated fatty acids in sustaining the neoplastic phenotype of transformed cells (PMID:15851470)
• SCD activity index after rosiglitazone in PPARgamma mutation supports a pivotal role of PPARgamma function in SCD regulation. (PMID:15855323)
• the lipogenic gene, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), is robustly up-regulated in skeletal muscle from extremely obese humans Elevated expression of SCD1 in skeletal muscle contributes to abnormal lipid metabolism and progression of obesity. (PMID:16213227)
• SCD1 was degraded constitutively irrespective of the cellular levels of unsaturated fatty acids, which strictly regulate SCD1 gene expression. (PMID:16723740)
• study demonstrated that the gene expression of COX-2 and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase diminished in the chronic phase of Graves’ophthalmopathy in parallel with a decrease in clinical activity score (PMID:17614770)
• Genetic variations in the SCD1 gene are associated with body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity. (PMID:17636091)
• The results indicate that when the supply of FA to HL60 cells is limited, the intracellular content of n-3 and n-6 FA decreases and this leads to upregulation of the desaturases, D9D is doubled. (PMID:17852835)
• Results show that elevated SCD activity within adipose tissue is closely coupled to the development of insulin resistance. (PMID:18030445)
• High hepatic SCD1 activity may regulate fat accumulation in the liver and possibly protects from insulin resistance in obesity. (PMID:18286258)
• Fatty acid desaturation index (a marker of SCD1 activity) is a highly heritable trait that is associated with the dyslipidemia observed in familial combined hyperlipidemia. (PMID:18340007)
• age-related reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acid composition was inversely correlated with SCD expression and activity resulting in elevations in monounsaturated fatty acid composition (PMID:18499418)
• Changed expression of downstream PPARgamma targets after stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) knockdown suggests that PPARgamma up-regulation of SCD leads to increased lipogenesis and potentiation of adiponectin signaling. (PMID:18697866)
• SCD1 activity regulates Akt activation in human lung adenocarcinoma cells (PMID:18813799)
• Dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia are attenuated by deficiency of stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase. (PMID:18832746)
• Data show that human fatty liver is characterized by increases in hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) and lipogenic activities. (PMID:18952834)
• decrease in lipid accumulation in apoE-transfected cells was associated with a strong downregulation of PPARs gamma1 and gamma2 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (PMID:19130493)
• associations of Delta 9 with adiposity and plasma lipids in healthy female adolescents support the concept derived from rodent models that Delta 9 activity is independently reflective of higher body mass index and higher circulatory triglyceride levels (PMID:19154947)
• SCD1 inducibility by palmitate is an individual characteristic that modulates lipid storage, palmitate-induced inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and insulin resistance. (PMID:19478146)
• data suggest that cancer cells require active SCD1 to control the rate of glucose-mediated lipogenesis, and that when SCD1 activity is impaired cells downregulate SFA synthesis via AMPK-mediated inactivation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (PMID:19710915)
• Exogenous palmitate up-regulated de novo lipogenesis concomitantly with SCD and elongation (PMID:20032470)
• SNPs in the fatty acid desaturase gene are associated with higher blood essential fatty acids and perinatal depression. (PMID:20395685)
• potential role in disease onset and development (Review) (PMID:20565855)
• lower expression in dendritic cells compared to macrophages (PMID:20579763)
• This study demonstrates that the foreign SCD1 gene was expressed with high efficiency and induced elevated c9t11-CLA, t10c12-CLA, and n-7 fatty acid levels in mammalian cells. (PMID:20599700)
• Oleic acid, the main product of SCD1 reaction, is the predominant fatty acid of human adipose tissue triacylglycerols, associating SCD1 with the development of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. (Review) (PMID:20713121)
• We provide novel information that SCD1 activity and mRNA expression appear not to be elevated in subjects with high liver fat (PMID:21045174)
• Data suggest that the regulation of SCD1 is altered in individuals with morbid obesity and that the SCD1 protein has a different regulation in the two adipose tissues, as well as being closely linked to the degree of insulin resistance. (PMID:21060977)
• stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 inhibition induces CHOP-dependent cell death in human cancer cells (PMID:21179554)
• stearoyl-CoA desaturase plays a key role in the regulation of androgen receptor transcriptional activity in prostate cancer cells (PMID:21331774)
• study showed cystic fibrosis cells exhibit increased metabolism along metabolic pathways leading to n-7 and n-9 fatty acids compared with wild-type cells; changes are accompanied by increased expression of Delta5, Delta6 and Delta9 desaturases and elongases 5 and 6 (PMID:21544602)
• Repression of SCD1 by alpha-linolenic acid favorably increased cholesterol efflux and decreased cholesterol accumulation in foam cells. (PMID:21658928)

Cross-species orthologs

8 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	scdb	ENSDARG00000030265
danio_rerio	scd	ENSDARG00000033662
mus_musculus	Scd2	ENSMUSG00000025203
mus_musculus	Scd4	ENSMUSG00000050195
rattus_norvegicus	Scd2	ENSRNOG00000046005
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001397
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001398
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001399

Paralogs (1): SCD5 (ENSG00000145284)

Mouse-model phenotypes

Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog (MGI:98240) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 22 distinct phenotype terms.

Mouse phenotype (MP)	Records
sparse hair	1
abnormal liver physiology	1
abnormal skin condition	1
hyperkeratosis	1
decreased body size	1
dehydration	1
reduced female fertility	1
decreased circulating triglyceride level	1
impaired skin barrier function	1
curly tail	1
abnormal physiological neovascularization	1
greasy coat	1
blepharitis	1
decreased fatty acids level	1
abnormal skin physiology	1
decreased liver triglyceride level	1
abnormal epidermal lamellar body morphology	1
sebaceous gland hyperplasia	1
neonatal lethality, complete penetrance	1
neonatal lethality, incomplete penetrance	1
abnormal lipid metabolism	1
decreased NAD(P)H oxidase activity	1

Additional cross-species homologs

Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara’s model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions’ gene symbols aren’t in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession.

Organism	UniProt	Identity	Method
Ovis aries	O62849	96.1%	Diamond
Capra hircus	Q95MI7	96.1%	Diamond
Bos taurus	Q9TT94	93.6%	Diamond
Arabidopsis thaliana	Q9LND9	89.6%	Diamond
Mesocricetus auratus	Q64420	88.6%	Diamond
Sus scrofa	O02858	86.9%	Diamond
Anemone leveillei	P0DOW3	84.0%	Diamond
Tachysurus fulvidraco	A0A0C5Q309	76.2%	Diamond
Cyprinus carpio	Q92038	76.2%	Diamond
Spodoptera littoralis	Q6US81	69.9%	Diamond
Trichoplusia ni	O44390	69.6%	Diamond
Choristoneura rosaceana	Q8ISS3	69.2%	Diamond
Bombyx mori	Q75PL7	67.4%	Diamond
Acheta domesticus	B7SB91	66.0%	Diamond
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 substr. Kazusa	Q55406	64.8%	Diamond
Trichormus variabilis	Q79F73	64.8%	Diamond
Limnanthes douglasii	Q9FV68	57.6%	Diamond
Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-	O94523	56.4%	Diamond
Histoplasma capsulatum	Q12618	56.4%	Diamond
Tribolium castaneum	B7SB92	54.9%	Diamond
Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	P21147	53.0%	Diamond

Genomic neighbors (locus context)

Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that).

Symbol	Type	Entrez
BLOC1S2	protein-coding	282991
OLMALINC	ncRNA	90271
PKD2L1	protein-coding	9033
CWF19L1	protein-coding	55280
WNT8B	protein-coding	7479
SEC31B	protein-coding	25956
NDUFB8	protein-coding	4714

Protein

Protein identifiers

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase — O00767 (reviewed: O00767)

Alternative names: Acyl-CoA desaturase, Delta(9)-desaturase, Fatty acid desaturase

All UniProt accessions (1): O00767

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates. Catalyzes the insertion of a cis double bond at the delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA. Gives rise to a mixture of 16:1 and 18:1 unsaturated fatty acids. Plays an important role in lipid biosynthesis. Plays an important role in regulating the expression of genes that are involved in lipogenesis and in regulating mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Plays an important role in body energy homeostasis. Contributes to the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides.

Subunit / interactions. May self-associate and form homodimers.

Subcellular location. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Tissue specificity. Detected in fetal liver, lung and brain. Highly expressed in adult adipose tissue, and at lower levels in adult brain and lung.

Cofactor. Expected to bind 2 Fe(2+) ions per subunit, instead of the Zn(2+) ions seen in the 3D-structure.

Domain organisation. The histidine box domains are involved in binding the catalytic metal ions.

Similarity. Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_005054* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001522	FADS-1_CS	Conserved_site
IPR015876	Acyl-CoA_DS	Family

Enzyme classification (BRENDA)

• EC 1.14.19.1 — stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase (BRENDA: 38 organisms, 111 substrates, 740 inhibitors, 12 Km, 4 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

7 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 7. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
STEAROYL-COA	0.0033–0.0566	4
NADH	0.003–0.089	2
NADPH	0.038–0.8	2
FAD	0.001	1
FMN	0.0025	1
N-HYDROXY-BENZENECARBOXIMIDAMIDE	—	0
STEAROYL-ACYL-CARRIER PROTEIN	—	0

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea)

• octadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O (RHEA:19721)
• hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O (RHEA:36931)

UniProt features (73 total): helix 23, binding site 16, sequence conflict 9, topological domain 5, strand 5, transmembrane region 4, turn 4, short sequence motif 3, modified residue 2, chain 1, sequence variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures by resolution:

PDB	Title	Method	Resolution (Å)
4ZYO	Crystal Structure of Human Integral Membrane Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase with Substrate	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.25

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-O00767-F1	90.01	0.85

Human Protein Atlas

Protein class: Enzymes, ENZYME proteins, Oxidoreductases, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Essential proteins

Protein evidence: Evidence at protein level

Subcellular location (HPA, imaging): endoplasmic reticulum

Antibody reliability (HPA): IH approved · IF enhanced

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (16)

Position	Role
75	substrate
120	Fe cation
125	Fe cation
148	substrate
155	substrate
156	substrate
157	Fe cation
160	Fe cation
161	Fe cation
188	substrate
189	substrate
262	substrate
269	Fe cation
298	Fe cation
301	Fe cation
302	Fe cation

Post-translational modifications (2)

Type	Positions
Phosphoserine	198, 203

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 curated (TAS) of 17; 0 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference).

17 pathways:

ID	Pathway	Evidence
R-HSA-2426168	Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP)	curated
R-HSA-75105	Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis	curated
R-HSA-9029558	NR1H2 & NR1H3 regulate gene expression linked to lipogenesis	curated
R-HSA-9917777	Epigenetic regulation by WDR5-containing histone modifying complexes	—
R-HSA-9851695	Epigenetic regulation of adipogenesis genes by MLL3 and MLL4 complexes	—
R-HSA-212165	Epigenetic regulation of gene expression	—
R-HSA-9818564	Epigenetic regulation of gene expression by MLL3 and MLL4 complexes	—
R-HSA-8978868	Fatty acid metabolism	—
R-HSA-74160	Gene expression (Transcription)	—
R-HSA-9841922	MLL4 and MLL3 complexes regulate expression of PPARG target genes in adipogenesis and hepatic steatosis	electronic
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism	—
R-HSA-556833	Metabolism of lipids	—
R-HSA-8957322	Metabolism of steroids	—
R-HSA-9024446	NR1H2 and NR1H3-mediated signaling	—
R-HSA-1655829	Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF)	—
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction	—
R-HSA-9006931	Signaling by Nuclear Receptors	—

MSigDB gene sets: 450 (showing top): FARMER_BREAST_CANCER_CLUSTER_7, RODRIGUES_THYROID_CARCINOMA_POORLY_DIFFERENTIATED_UP, MODULE_169, MODULE_255, GOMF_OXIDOREDUCTASE_ACTIVITY_ACTING_ON_PAIRED_DONORS_WITH_INCORPORATION_OR_REDUCTION_OF_MOLECULAR_OXYGEN, YAO_HOXA10_TARGETS_VIA_PROGESTERONE_UP, TTTGTAG_MIR520D, STEARMAN_LUNG_CANCER_EARLY_VS_LATE_DN, MENSE_HYPOXIA_UP, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_DN, ACEVEDO_NORMAL_TISSUE_ADJACENT_TO_LIVER_TUMOR_DN, MODULE_317, SHAFFER_IRF4_TARGETS_IN_ACTIVATED_B_LYMPHOCYTE, IVANOVA_HEMATOPOIESIS_MATURE_CELL, HUMMERICH_BENIGN_SKIN_TUMOR_DN

GO Biological Process (6): unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:0006636), positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis (GO:0120162), monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:1903966), lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629), fatty acid metabolic process (GO:0006631), fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:0006633)

GO Molecular Function (7): stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase activity (GO:0004768), iron ion binding (GO:0005506), oxidoreductase activity (GO:0016491), palmitoyl-CoA 9-desaturase activity (GO:0032896), protein binding (GO:0005515), oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of molecular oxygen to two molecules of water (GO:0016717), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (3): endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

13 top-level categories:

Category	Pathways
Metabolism of lipids	2
Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF)	1
Fatty acid metabolism	1
NR1H2 and NR1H3-mediated signaling	1
Epigenetic regulation of adipogenesis genes by MLL3 and MLL4 complexes	1
Metabolism of steroids	1
Gene expression (Transcription)	1
Metabolism	1
Signal Transduction	1
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors	1
Epigenetic regulation by WDR5-containing histone modifying complexes	1
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression by MLL3 and MLL4 complexes	1
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression	1

GO top-level categories

24 GO namespaces:

Category	Terms
fatty acid biosynthetic process	2
acyl-CoA desaturase activity	2
unsaturated fatty acid metabolic process	1
positive regulation of multicellular organismal process	1
cold-induced thermogenesis	1
regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	1
primary metabolic process	1
lipid metabolic process	1
monocarboxylic acid metabolic process	1
fatty acid metabolic process	1
lipid biosynthetic process	1
monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process	1
transition metal ion binding	1
catalytic activity	1
binding	1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen	1
cation binding	1
cytoplasm	1
endomembrane system	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
organelle membrane	1
nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network	1
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Experimentally-supported GO annotations

GO terms backed by direct experimental evidence (ECO experimental codes) — 7 of 16 annotations. The rest are phylogenetic / computational / electronic (IEA).

7 experimentally-supported GO terms:

GO term	NS	Evidence
unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process	BP	direct assay
endoplasmic reticulum	CC	direct assay
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	CC	direct assay
membrane	CC	direct assay
iron ion binding	MF	direct assay
oxidoreductase activity	MF	direct assay
stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase activity	MF	direct assay

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

showing 15 of 2,488 interactions by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
SCD	FADS2	O95864	947
SCD	CYB5B	O43169	934
SCD	FADS1	O60427	929
SCD	CYB5A	P00167	909
SCD	FASN	P49327	887
SCD	SREBF1	P36956	881
SCD	FADS3	Q9Y5Q0	880
SCD	ACACA	Q13085	878
SCD	GPAM	Q9HCL2	817
SCD	ACOX1	Q15067	791
SCD	ELOVL6	Q9H5J4	788
SCD	DGAT1	O75907	762
SCD	PPARA	Q07869	750
SCD	ELOVL5	Q9NYP7	750
SCD	DGAT2	Q96PD7	744

IntAct

Human interaction partners of SCD in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records).

showing 30 of 44 partners by confidence:

Partner	Interaction type	MIscore	Records
TMPRSS2	physical association	0.600	4
AQP6	physical association	0.560	3
CD207	physical association	0.560	3
CD33	physical association	0.560	3
CERS4	physical association	0.560	3
CLEC12B	physical association	0.560	3
CREB3L1	physical association	0.560	3
CYB561	physical association	0.560	3
CYBC1	physical association	0.560	3
ERGIC3	physical association	0.560	3
GJB1	physical association	0.560	3
GPR152	physical association	0.560	3
GPR42	physical association	0.560	3
GPX8	physical association	0.560	3
HSD17B13	physical association	0.560	3
JAGN1	physical association	0.560	3
KCNJ6	physical association	0.560	3
MARCHF5	physical association	0.560	3
MCFD2	physical association	0.560	3
MFSD14B	physical association	0.560	3
MGST3	physical association	0.560	3
MTIF3	physical association	0.560	3
PVR	physical association	0.560	3
REEP2	physical association	0.560	3
RETREG3	physical association	0.560	3
RNF5	physical association	0.560	3
SCN3B	physical association	0.560	3
SEC11C	physical association	0.560	3
SLC10A6	physical association	0.560	3
SLC7A14	physical association	0.560	3

BioGRID (222 interactions; top human partners by supporting records): RNF128 (Affinity Capture-Western; 3 records), CALCOCO2 (Affinity Capture-Western; 2 records), EGFR (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), KRAS (Proximity Label-MS; 2 records), NBR1 (Affinity Capture-Western; 2 records), OPTN (Affinity Capture-Western; 2 records), RPN1 (Proximity Label-MS; 2 records), TOLLIP (Affinity Capture-Western; 2 records), VCP (Co-fractionation; 2 records), AGR2 (Proximity Label-MS), AMBRA1 (Proximity Label-MS), AMFR (Affinity Capture-MS), APP (Reconstituted Complex), AQP6 (Two-hybrid), ARHGAP15 (Affinity Capture-MS)

SIGNOR signaling

2 signaling interactions:

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PRKAA1	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	SCD	“transcriptional regulation”
MK-8245	down-regulates	SCD	“chemical inhibition”

Disease & clinical

Genetic variants

Variant evidence for SCD: 33 ClinVar records (0 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); 8 GWAS associations.

ClinVar

33 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	20
Likely benign	2
Benign	3

SpliceAI

Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 41 predictions of 557):

Position(s)	Effect	Δscore	Sites
10:100354425–100354426	acceptor_loss	1.0000	6
10:100354575	donor_gain	1.0000
10:100354633–100354634	donor_loss	1.0000	5
10:100360930	donor_gain	1.0000
10:100347477	donor_gain	0.9900
10:100347532–100347533	donor_loss	0.9900	4
10:100348347–100348348	donor_loss	0.9900	6
10:100352364–100352365	acceptor_loss	0.9900	6
10:100352497–100352498	donor_loss	0.9900	5
10:100356765–100356766	donor_loss	0.9900	6

AlphaMissense

1,041 missense substitutions predicted likely pathogenic (of 2,363 scored), across 248 residues. Top 20 hotspot residues, ranked by the number of likely-pathogenic substitutions (of those reachable by a single-nucleotide change), then by mean score:

Residue	Likely-pathogenic substitutions	Mean am_pathogenicity	Max am_pathogenicity
H157	8	0.997	0.999
H161	8	0.995	0.999
H125	8	0.993	0.998
H160	8	0.993	0.998
H120	8	0.991	0.998
H269	8	0.988	0.996
H298	8	0.988	0.998
H301	8	0.988	0.997
D169	8	0.987	0.992
H181	8	0.985	0.997
H302	8	0.985	0.993
N265	8	0.981	0.999
D307	8	0.978	0.989
D156	8	0.977	0.991
S266	8	0.968	0.997
H171	8	0.956	0.998
D204	8	0.950	0.969
N299	8	0.944	0.998
F179	8	0.941	0.998
F304	8	0.934	0.995

HPA cancer prognostics

RNA cancer specificity: Low cancer specificity

Human Protein Atlas survival analysis — favorable = higher expression predicts better survival.

4 prognostic cancer types:

Cancer	Prognostic	p-value
Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA)	favorable	3.39e-08
Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma (TCGA)	favorable	5.27e-05
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (TCGA)	favorable	0.000816
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (TCGA)	unfavorable	0.000923

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:604031 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

1 curated gene-disease records:

Disease	Classification	Inheritance	Records
adrenoleukodystrophy	Limited	Autosomal recessive

Mondo (1): adrenoleukodystrophy (MONDO:0018544)

GWAS associations

8 associations:

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001217_17	Metabolic traits	3e-57
GCST004342_1	Vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) levels	6e-17
GCST004342_3	Vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) levels	2e-16
GCST006976_30	Macular thickness	2e-10
GCST004618_31	White blood cell count (basophil)	2e-9
GCST001841_5	Palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) levels	6e-9
GCST001838_2	Palmitic acid (16:0) levels	2e-7
GCST009391_708	Metabolite levels	4e-7

EFO canonical traits (from GWAS)

4 canonical traits:

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004725	metabolite measurement
EFO:0007974	vaccenic acid measurement
EFO:0005090	basophil count
EFO:0010358	lysophosphatidylcholine 16:1 measurement

MeSH disease descriptors

1 disease descriptors:

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D000326	Adrenoleukodystrophy	C10.228.140.163.100.084; C10.228.140.163.100.362.250; C10.228.140.695.625.250; C10.314.400.250; C10.597.606.360.455.124; C16.320.322.500.124; C16.320.400.525.124; C16.320.565.189.084; C16.320.565.189.362.250; C16.320.565.663.100; C18.452.132.100.084; C18.452.132.100.362.250; C18.452.648.189.084; C18.452.648.189.362.250; C18.452.648.663.100; C19.053.500.270

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL5555 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

Phase ≥1, by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 170 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

1 molecules by phase:

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL1938870	MK-8245	1	170

PharmGKB: 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no)

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

572 measured of 847 human assays (1193 total across all organisms); most potent 50 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

Ligand	Measure	Value	Patent
2-[5-[3-[5-(trifluoromethoxy)spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl]-1,2-oxazol-5-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	IC50	1 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
2-[5-[5-[5-(trifluoromethoxy)spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	IC50	1 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
2-[5-[2-[5-(trifluoromethoxy)spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	IC50	1 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
2-[5-[3-(5-bromospiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)-1,2-oxazol-5-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	IC50	1 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
2-[5-[2-(5-bromospiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	IC50	1 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
2-[5-[2-(5-methylspiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	IC50	1 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
2-[5-[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	IC50	1 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
2-[5-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	IC50	1 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
CHEMBL4066506	IC50	1.2 nM
CHEMBL4104190	IC50	2.3 nM
CHEMBL4094042	IC50	2.5 nM
CHEMBL4282070	IC50	2.8 nM
2-[3-[2-(5-chlorospiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl]acetic acid	IC50	3 nM	US-9168248: Spiro compounds useful as inhibitors of stearoyl-coenzyme A delta-9 desaturase
CHEMBL4295170	IC50	3 nM
CHEMBL4277121	IC50	3 nM
N-(2-(7-(4-fluoro-3-methylbenzylamino)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoquinoxalin-1(2H)-yl)ethyl)acetamide	IC50	3.1 nM
N-(2-(3-(4-ethylphenyl)-2-oxo-7-(3-(trifluoromethyl)benzylamino)quinoxalin-1(2H)-yl)ethyl)acetamide	IC50	3.2 nM
CHEMBL4278602	IC50	3.2 nM
CHEMBL4289946	IC50	3.8 nM
CHEMBL4277371	IC50	3.8 nM
CHEMBL4293631	IC50	3.9 nM
CHEMBL4282359	IC50	4.1 nM
CHEMBL4288013	IC50	4.2 nM
CHEMBL4283141	IC50	4.3 nM
CHEMBL4285765	IC50	4.5 nM
CHEMBL4287233	IC50	4.5 nM
CHEMBL4086275	IC50	4.7 nM
CHEMBL4284015	IC50	4.8 nM
CHEMBL4286817	IC50	4.8 nM
CHEMBL4281222	IC50	5.1 nM
CHEMBL4294042	IC50	5.1 nM
CHEMBL4280771	IC50	5.2 nM
CHEMBL4285064	IC50	5.3 nM
CHEMBL4290642	IC50	5.5 nM
CHEMBL4283470	IC50	5.5 nM
3-(6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-oxo-2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)benzylamino)pteridin-8(7H)-yl)propanamide	IC50	5.6 nM
CHEMBL4292509	IC50	6.3 nM
CHEMBL4286512	IC50	6.4 nM
N-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)methylamino)quinoxalin-1(2H)-yl)ethyl)acetamide	IC50	6.5 nM
CHEMBL4075104	IC50	6.5 nM
CHEMBL4280567	IC50	6.7 nM
CHEMBL4288454	IC50	7.5 nM
CHEMBL4291417	IC50	8.1 nM
CHEMBL4278895	IC50	8.7 nM
CHEMBL4287688	IC50	8.9 nM
CHEMBL4285733	IC50	9 nM
CHEMBL4294569	IC50	9.2 nM
CHEMBL4070522	IC50	9.5 nM
3-(7-oxo-6-p-tolyl-2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)benzylamino)pteridin-8(7H)-yl)propanamide	IC50	9.6 nM
CHEMBL4281535	IC50	9.7 nM

ChEMBL bioactivities

838 potent at pChembl≥5 of 911 total, top 50 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
10.52	IC50	0.03	nM	CHEMBL593108
10.40	IC50	0.04	nM	CHEMBL564507
10.30	IC50	0.05	nM	CHEMBL494748
10.22	IC50	0.06	nM	CHEMBL593108
10.22	IC50	0.06	nM	CHEMBL1276595
10.17	IC50	0.068	nM	CHEMBL594289
10.00	IC50	0.1	nM	CHEMBL1276623
9.70	IC50	0.2	nM	CHEMBL552173
9.70	IC50	0.2	nM	CHEMBL1276653
9.52	IC50	0.3	nM	CHEMBL552173
9.52	IC50	0.3	nM	CHEMBL1276654
9.35	IC50	0.45	nM	CHEMBL605412
9.32	IC50	0.48	nM	CHEMBL595247
9.30	IC50	0.5	nM	CHEMBL3127535
9.30	IC50	0.5	nM	CHEMBL572876
9.25	IC50	0.56	nM	CHEMBL594084
9.22	IC50	0.6	nM	CHEMBL549625
9.22	IC50	0.6	nM	CHEMBL557445
9.16	IC50	0.69	nM	CHEMBL607314
9.15	IC50	0.7	nM	CHEMBL1276653
9.15	IC50	0.7	nM	CHEMBL1276654
9.10	IC50	0.8	nM	CHEMBL593108
9.00	IC50	1	nM	MK-8245
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3970644
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3895997
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3914019
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3942017
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3919514
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3979824
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3976984
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3914136
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL552126
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL550800
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL595254
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL595255
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL594071
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL1087015
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL1276685
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL1276595
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL1276623
8.92	IC50	1.2	nM	CHEMBL4066506
8.70	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL3127534
8.70	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL3127654
8.70	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL549758
8.70	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL552270
8.70	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL594995
8.70	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL595254
8.64	IC50	2.3	nM	CHEMBL4104190
8.60	IC50	2.5	nM	CHEMBL4094042
8.57	IC50	2.7	nM	CHEMBL575817

PubChem BioAssay actives

604 with measured affinity, of 861 total; 50 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
1’-[6-[5-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]	535944: Inhibition of human SCD1	ic50	<0.0001	uM
4-(ethylamino)-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-N-[5-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]benzamide	426050: Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in human microsome assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate	ic50	<0.0001	uM
5-chloro-1’-[6-[5-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]	535945: Inhibition of SCD1 in HEK293A cell microsomes assessed as reduction in conversion of [14C]stearic acid to [14C]oleic acid after 30 mins	ic50	0.0001	uM
N-[2-[7-[[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylamino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoquinoxalin-1-yl]ethyl]acetamide	1859284: Inhibition of SCD in human HepG2 cells	ic50	0.0001	uM
N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-6-spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-ylpyridazine-3-carboxamide	455002: Inhibition of human SCD1 expressed in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate	ic50	0.0001	uM
5,8-difluoro-1’-[6-[5-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]	535945: Inhibition of SCD1 in HEK293A cell microsomes assessed as reduction in conversion of [14C]stearic acid to [14C]oleic acid after 30 mins	ic50	0.0001	uM
N-[5-[[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-methoxybenzamide	430729: Inhibition of SCD1 in human microsomes assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins	ic50	0.0002	uM
5-methyl-1’-[6-[5-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]	535945: Inhibition of SCD1 in HEK293A cell microsomes assessed as reduction in conversion of [14C]stearic acid to [14C]oleic acid after 30 mins	ic50	0.0002	uM
5-fluoro-1’-[6-[5-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]	535945: Inhibition of SCD1 in HEK293A cell microsomes assessed as reduction in conversion of [14C]stearic acid to [14C]oleic acid after 30 mins	ic50	0.0003	uM
N-(2-hydroxy-2-pyridin-3-ylethyl)-6-[5-(trifluoromethyl)spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl]pyridazine-3-carboxamide	455000: Inhibition of SCD1 in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins in presence of S9 microsomal fraction	ic50	0.0004	uM
N-[2-[6-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methylamino]-3-oxo-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl]ethyl]-2-hydroxyacetamide	436928: Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA delta9 desaturase in human HepG2 cells	ic50	0.0005	uM
N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyspiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)pyridazine-3-carboxamide	455002: Inhibition of human SCD1 expressed in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate	ic50	0.0005	uM
[5-[6-[4-(6-fluoro-2,3-dihydroindol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]-2-pyridinyl]methanol	1074265: Inhibition of SCD1 in human A431 cells assessed as [13C]-palmitic acid conversion to [13C]-palmitoleic acid after 4 hrs by LC/MS analysis	ic50	0.0005	uM
3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)-N-[5-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]benzamide	426050: Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in human microsome assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate	ic50	0.0006	uM
N-[5-[[4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-methoxybenzamide	430729: Inhibition of SCD1 in human microsomes assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins	ic50	0.0006	uM
N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-6-(3-hydroxyspiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)pyridazine-3-carboxamide	455002: Inhibition of human SCD1 expressed in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate	ic50	0.0006	uM
N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-6-(4-oxospiro[3H-chromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)pyridazine-3-carboxamide	455002: Inhibition of human SCD1 expressed in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate	ic50	0.0007	uM
[3-[2-[4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]piperidin-1-yl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]methanol	464562: Inhibition of SCD1 in human HepG2 cells assessed as [14C]stearic acid to [14C]oleic acid conversion pretreated 15 mins before [14C]stearic acid addition measured after 4 hrs by HPLC based scintillation assay	ic50	0.0010	uM
2-[5-[3-[4-(2-bromo-5-fluorophenoxy)piperidin-1-yl]-1,2-oxazol-5-yl]tetrazol-2-yl]acetic acid	692201: Inhibition of human SCD-1	ic50	0.0010	uM
1’-[6-[5-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]	535945: Inhibition of SCD1 in HEK293A cell microsomes assessed as reduction in conversion of [14C]stearic acid to [14C]oleic acid after 30 mins	ic50	0.0010	uM
6-(5-chlorospiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-pyridin-3-ylethyl)pyridazine-3-carboxamide	455000: Inhibition of SCD1 in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins in presence of S9 microsomal fraction	ic50	0.0010	uM
N-[5-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-methoxybenzamide	430729: Inhibition of SCD1 in human microsomes assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins	ic50	0.0010	uM
N-[5-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-methoxybenzamide	430729: Inhibition of SCD1 in human microsomes assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins	ic50	0.0010	uM
N-(2-hydroxy-2-pyridin-3-ylethyl)-6-(5-methylspiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)pyridazine-3-carboxamide	455000: Inhibition of SCD1 in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins in presence of S9 microsomal fraction	ic50	0.0010	uM
1’-[6-[5-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)spiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]	455000: Inhibition of SCD1 in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins in presence of S9 microsomal fraction	ic50	0.0010	uM
[5-[6-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperidin-1-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl]methanol	1485983: Displacement of (5-(6-(10H-spiro(1-benzofuran-3,30-pyrrolidin)-10-yl)pyridazin-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)[3H2]methanol from SCD1 in human liver microsomes after 120 mins TopCount liquid scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0012	uM
N-[5-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-methoxybenzamide	430729: Inhibition of SCD1 in human microsomes assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins	ic50	0.0020	uM
4-ethoxy-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-N-[5-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]benzamide	426050: Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in human microsome assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate	ic50	0.0020	uM
6-(5,8-difluorospiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,4’-piperidine]-1’-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-pyridin-3-ylethyl)pyridazine-3-carboxamide	455000: Inhibition of SCD1 in human 293A cells assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins in presence of S9 microsomal fraction	ic50	0.0020	uM
6-fluoro-1-[1-[6-(6-methyl-3-pyridinyl)pyridazin-3-yl]piperidin-4-yl]-2,3-dihydroindole	1074265: Inhibition of SCD1 in human A431 cells assessed as [13C]-palmitic acid conversion to [13C]-palmitoleic acid after 4 hrs by LC/MS analysis	ic50	0.0020	uM
2-[6-[4-(6-fluoro-2,3-dihydroindol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole	1074265: Inhibition of SCD1 in human A431 cells assessed as [13C]-palmitic acid conversion to [13C]-palmitoleic acid after 4 hrs by LC/MS analysis	ic50	0.0020	uM
[5-[6-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperidin-1-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]methanol	1485983: Displacement of (5-(6-(10H-spiro(1-benzofuran-3,30-pyrrolidin)-10-yl)pyridazin-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)[3H2]methanol from SCD1 in human liver microsomes after 120 mins TopCount liquid scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0023	uM
[5-[6-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperidin-1-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]methanol	1485983: Displacement of (5-(6-(10H-spiro(1-benzofuran-3,30-pyrrolidin)-10-yl)pyridazin-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)[3H2]methanol from SCD1 in human liver microsomes after 120 mins TopCount liquid scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0025	uM
2-hydroxy-N-[2-[2-oxo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-7-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylamino]quinoxalin-1-yl]ethyl]acetamide	436928: Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA delta9 desaturase in human HepG2 cells	ic50	0.0027	uM
N-[5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]methyl]benzamide	1421978: Inhibition of recombinant human SCD1 expressed in baculovirus expression system assessed as reduction in [3H]H2O production using stearoyl [9,10-3H]CoA as substrate in presence of NADH incubated for 30 mins by scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0028	uM
3-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-6-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylamino]pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazin-4-yl]propanamide	414423: Inhibition of Delta-9-desaturase in human HepG2 cells	ic50	0.0028	uM
N-[5-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-methoxybenzamide	430729: Inhibition of SCD1 in human microsomes assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins	ic50	0.0029	uM
(E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[5-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]prop-2-enamide	430729: Inhibition of SCD1 in human microsomes assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate after 60 mins	ic50	0.0030	uM
4-[(2-butylanilino)methyl]-N-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]benzamide	1421978: Inhibition of recombinant human SCD1 expressed in baculovirus expression system assessed as reduction in [3H]H2O production using stearoyl [9,10-3H]CoA as substrate in presence of NADH incubated for 30 mins by scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0030	uM
2-[2-[[4-[(2-hexylanilino)methyl]benzoyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]acetic acid	1421978: Inhibition of recombinant human SCD1 expressed in baculovirus expression system assessed as reduction in [3H]H2O production using stearoyl [9,10-3H]CoA as substrate in presence of NADH incubated for 30 mins by scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0030	uM
N-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]piperazin-1-yl]pyridazine-3-carboxamide	721942: Inhibition of SCD1 in human HepG2 cells using [14C]-stearate substrate assessed as decreased production of [14C]-oleic acid after 24 hrs	ic50	0.0030	uM
3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-methoxy-N-[5-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]benzamide	426050: Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in human microsome assessed as conversion of [14C]stearate to [14C]oleate	ic50	0.0030	uM
[1-[6-[4-(6-fluoro-2,3-dihydroindol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]pyridazin-3-yl]imidazol-4-yl]methanol	1074265: Inhibition of SCD1 in human A431 cells assessed as [13C]-palmitic acid conversion to [13C]-palmitoleic acid after 4 hrs by LC/MS analysis	ic50	0.0030	uM
N-[2-[7-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)methylamino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoquinoxalin-1-yl]ethyl]acetamide	414423: Inhibition of Delta-9-desaturase in human HepG2 cells	ic50	0.0031	uM
N-[2-[3-(4-ethylphenyl)-2-oxo-7-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylamino]quinoxalin-1-yl]ethyl]acetamide	414423: Inhibition of Delta-9-desaturase in human HepG2 cells	ic50	0.0032	uM
4-[(2-butylanilino)methyl]-N-[4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]benzamide	1421978: Inhibition of recombinant human SCD1 expressed in baculovirus expression system assessed as reduction in [3H]H2O production using stearoyl [9,10-3H]CoA as substrate in presence of NADH incubated for 30 mins by scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0032	uM
N-[2-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-7-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylamino]quinoxalin-1-yl]ethyl]acetamide	414423: Inhibition of Delta-9-desaturase in human HepG2 cells	ic50	0.0033	uM
N-[4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]methyl]benzamide	1421978: Inhibition of recombinant human SCD1 expressed in baculovirus expression system assessed as reduction in [3H]H2O production using stearoyl [9,10-3H]CoA as substrate in presence of NADH incubated for 30 mins by scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0038	uM
N-[5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]methyl]benzamide	1421978: Inhibition of recombinant human SCD1 expressed in baculovirus expression system assessed as reduction in [3H]H2O production using stearoyl [9,10-3H]CoA as substrate in presence of NADH incubated for 30 mins by scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0038	uM
N-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-5-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]methyl]thiophene-2-carboxamide	1421978: Inhibition of recombinant human SCD1 expressed in baculovirus expression system assessed as reduction in [3H]H2O production using stearoyl [9,10-3H]CoA as substrate in presence of NADH incubated for 30 mins by scintillation counting method	ic50	0.0039	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

250 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
fatostatin	decreases expression, increases response to substance, affects reaction, increases reaction	8
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects cotreatment, affects expression, decreases expression, increases methylation	8
T0901317	increases expression, decreases reaction, affects cotreatment	7
Valproic Acid	affects reaction, increases expression, affects expression, decreases expression	7
Oleic Acid	affects expression, increases reaction, affects cotreatment, decreases expression, decreases reaction (+1 more)	7
bisphenol A	affects expression, increases expression	6
Rosiglitazone	affects cotreatment, affects expression, affects reaction, increases activity, increases expression	6
perfluorooctanoic acid	increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	5
Amiodarone	affects reaction, increases uptake, decreases activity, decreases reaction, increases expression	5
Tretinoin	decreases expression, increases expression	5
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation, affects expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	5
Palmitic Acid	affects reaction, decreases reaction, increases expression, affects cotreatment, affects expression	5
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression, affects cotreatment	4
cobaltous chloride	decreases reaction, decreases expression, increases expression	4
Cyclosporine	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	4
Genistein	decreases expression, increases expression	4
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate	increases expression, affects expression	3
perfluorobutyric acid	increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	3
cylindrospermopsin	decreases expression	3
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene	increases expression, decreases expression, affects cotreatment	3
Fluorouracil	increases expression, affects response to substance, decreases reaction, decreases expression	3
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases expression, increases expression	3
Particulate Matter	increases abundance, increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	3
betulin	decreases expression	2
benzo(b)fluoranthene	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects expression	2
ochratoxin A	decreases expression	2
potassium chromate(VI)	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
cupric chloride	decreases expression	2
perfluorodecanoic acid	affects reaction, increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	2

ChEMBL screening assays

83 unique, capped per target: 74 binding, 8 admet, 1 unclassified

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1010955	Binding	Inhibition of Delta-9-desaturase in human HepG2 cells	Novel, potent, selective, and metabolically stable stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitors. — *Bioorg Med Chem Lett*
CHEMBL4626519	ADMET	Inhibition of SCD in human H2009 cells non-expressing CYP4F11 assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by cell titer Glo reagent based assay	Tumor-Activated Benzothiazole Inhibitors of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase. — *J Med Chem*
CHEMBL4626521	Unclassified	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for inhibition of SCD in human H2009 cells non-expressing CYP4F11 to IC50 for inhibition of SCD in human NCI-H2122 cells expressing CYP4F11	Tumor-Activated Benzothiazole Inhibitors of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase. — *J Med Chem*

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_B2EP	Abcam HeLa SCD KO	Cancer cell line	Female

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

48 trials:

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT05003648	Phase 4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Treating Leg Symptoms in Women With X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT00007020	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Compassionate Treatment of Patients With Inborn Errors of Bile Acid Metabolism With Cholic Acid
NCT00545597	Phase 3	TERMINATED	A Phase III Trial of Lorenzo’s Oil in Adrenomyeloneuropathy
NCT00004418	Phase 2	TERMINATED	Effect of Glycerol Trierucate on Clinical Course of Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT00383448	Phase 2	COMPLETED	HSCT for High Risk Inherited Inborn Errors
NCT01043640	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant for Inherited Metabolic Disorders
NCT03864523	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Effect of Pioglitazone Administered to Patients With Adrenomyeloneuropathy
NCT05200104	Phase 2	WITHDRAWN	Study to Assess PXL065 in Subjects With Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Form of X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD or ALD)
NCT01586455	Phase 1	COMPLETED	Human Placental-Derived Stem Cell Transplantation
NCT01787578	Phase 1	WITHDRAWN	Safety and Pharmacodynamic Study of Sobetirome in X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD)
NCT02254863	Phase 1	RECRUITING	UCB Transplant of Inherited Metabolic Diseases With Administration of Intrathecal UCB Derived Oligodendrocyte-Like Cells
NCT02595489	Phase 1	COMPLETED	A Pilot Study of Vitamin D in Boys With X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT00176904	Phase 2/3	COMPLETED	Stem Cell Transplant for Inborn Errors of Metabolism
NCT02961803	Phase 2/3	COMPLETED	MD1003-AMN MD1003 in Adrenomyeloneuropathy
NCT03231878	Phase 2/3	COMPLETED	A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of MIN-102 (IMP) in Male AMN Patients.
NCT04303416	Phase 2/3	COMPLETED	Plasma Exchange With Albumin in AMN Patients
NCT01372228	Phase 1/2	TERMINATED	Phase I/II Pilot Study of Mixed Chimerism to Treat Inherited Metabolic Disorders
NCT02559830	Phase 1/2	UNKNOWN	Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy for Metachromatic Leukodystrophy and Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT03196765	Phase 1/2	WITHDRAWN	Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of NV1205 in Pediatric Male Subjects With Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT03513328	Phase 1/2	COMPLETED	Conditioning Regimen for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation
NCT05394064	Phase 1/2	TERMINATED	A Study to Evaluate Administration of SBT101 Gene Therapy in Adult Patients With Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)
NCT00004442	Not specified	TERMINATED	Study of Bile Acids in Patients With Peroxisomal Disorders
NCT00004450	Not specified	COMPLETED	Randomized Study of Beta Interferon and Thalidomide in Patients With Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT00005900	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Study of Pulmonary Complications in Pediatric Patients With Storage Disorders Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
NCT00278044	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Clinical Study and Gene Mutation Analysis of Adrenoleukodystrophy in Taiwanese Children
NCT01165060	Not specified	COMPLETED	The Effect of Bezafibrate on the Level of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (VLCFA) in X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD)
NCT01594853	Not specified	COMPLETED	Exercise Study of Function and Pathology for Women With X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT02204904	Not specified	TERMINATED	Observational Study to Evaluate Allogeneic HSCT Outcomes for Cerebral Adrenoleukodystrophy (CALD)
NCT02233257	Not specified	NO_LONGER_AVAILABLE	Expanded Access for Lorenzo’s Oil (GTO/GTE) in Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT02698579	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Long-term Follow-up of Participants With Cerebral Adrenoleukodystrophy Who Were Treated With Lenti-D Drug Product
NCT02699190	Not specified	COMPLETED	LeukoSEQ: Whole Genome Sequencing as a First-Line Diagnostic Tool for Leukodystrophies
NCT02948062	Not specified	WITHDRAWN	Early Diagnosis Of Childhood Cerebral ALD
NCT02952482	Not specified	COMPLETED	Newborn Screening for Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT03047369	Not specified	RECRUITING	The Myelin Disorders Biorepository Project
NCT03278899	Not specified	UNKNOWN	A Study to Prospectively Assess Disease Progression in Male Children With X-ALD
NCT03333200	Not specified	RECRUITING	Longitudinal Study of Neurodegenerative Disorders
NCT03649919	Not specified	WITHDRAWN	Multi-center Clinical Study on the Diagnosis and Treatment Management of Rare Neurological Disease in Children
NCT03727555	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	IT and IV Lentiviral Gene Therapy for X-ALD
NCT03789721	Not specified	RECRUITING	Adrenoleukodystrophy National Registry Study
NCT04090268	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Precision Exercise in Children With Malignant Hemopathies
NCT04675749	Not specified	RECRUITING	Quality of Life in Women With X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT04687007	Not specified	COMPLETED	SMART-ALD - A New Lifestyle Intervention to Improve Quality of Life in Women With X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD)
NCT04925349	Not specified	RECRUITING	Modeling Macrophages Activation Pattern in X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy, Metachromatic Leukodystrophy and Adult Onset Leukoencephalopathy With Axonal Spheroids and Pigmented Glia
NCT05008874	Not specified	TERMINATED	Study of Disease Progression in Adults With Inherited Forms of Spastic Paraplegia
NCT05687474	Not specified	COMPLETED	Baby Detect : Genomic Newborn Screening
NCT05911919	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Validation of a Prognostic Biomarker Using Brain Diffusion MRI in X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
NCT05939232	Not specified	RECRUITING	Registry of X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
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Predicted chemistry — Sugi Predict

The predicted patent-compound landscape for SCD across ~30M SureChEMBL compounds — explore on Sugi Predict.