SLC25A51

gene
On this page

Also known as MGC14836CG7943

Summary

SLC25A51 (solute carrier family 25 member 51, HGNC:23323) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 9p13.2-p13.1, encoding Mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide transporter SLC25A51 (Q9H1U9). Mitochondrial membrane carrier protein that mediates the import of NAD(+) into mitochondria.

Enables NAD transmembrane transporter activity. Involved in mitochondrial NAD transmembrane transport. Located in mitochondrion. Is active in mitochondrial inner membrane.

Source: NCBI Gene 92014 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 2
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 39 total
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_033412

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:23323
Approved symbolSLC25A51
Namesolute carrier family 25 member 51
Location9p13.2-p13.1
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesMGC14836, CG7943
Ensembl geneENSG00000122696
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM619153
Entrez92014

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 12 — 11 protein_coding, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000242275, ENST00000377716, ENST00000496760, ENST00000883995, ENST00000883996, ENST00000929115, ENST00000929116, ENST00000929117, ENST00000929118, ENST00000929119, ENST00000950375, ENST00000950376

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_033412 NM_033412

CCDS: CCDS6614

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000242275 — 3 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000009485503788760437888592
ENSE000018682253790406837904127
ENSE000036732983789982937899950

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 192 present calls, max score 88.21.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 22.8294 / max 166.9792, expressed in 1816 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (7 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
10075112.04891787
1007538.56301784
1007500.9154516
1007520.6428353
1007480.3171113
1007490.2283114
1007460.113828

Top tissues by expression

239 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
primordial germ cell in gonadCL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:000099188.21gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000687.50gold quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534385.88gold quality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225585.34gold quality
bone marrow cellCL:000209284.28gold quality
secondary oocyteCL:000065584.23gold quality
adrenal tissueUBERON:001830384.22gold quality
oocyteCL:000002383.32gold quality
gastrocnemiusUBERON:000138881.97gold quality
muscle of legUBERON:000138381.90gold quality
heart right ventricleUBERON:000208081.86silver quality
monocyteCL:000057681.82gold quality
leukocyteCL:000073881.78gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402381.67gold quality
pancreasUBERON:000126481.25gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039780.82gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testisCL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:000047380.80gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscleUBERON:000425280.13gold quality
ileal mucosaUBERON:000033180.03gold quality
calcaneal tendonUBERON:000370179.99gold quality
heart left ventricleUBERON:000208479.70gold quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305379.57gold quality
smooth muscle tissueUBERON:000113579.56gold quality
cardiac ventricleUBERON:000208279.43gold quality
body of pancreasUBERON:000115079.34gold quality
right atrium auricular regionUBERON:000663179.22gold quality
omental fat padUBERON:001041479.17gold quality
peritoneumUBERON:000235879.10gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cordUBERON:000646978.92gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal regionUBERON:000780878.91gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-MTAB-7303no158.03
E-ANND-3no3.71

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 10)

  • Compares and contrasts all the known human SLC25A* genes and includes functional information. (PMID:23266187)
  • SLC25A51 is a mammalian mitochondrial NAD(+) transporter. (PMID:32906142)
  • Epistasis-driven identification of SLC25A51 as a regulator of human mitochondrial NAD import. (PMID:33262325)
  • Differential levels of CHMP2B, LLPH, and SLC25A51 proteins in secondary renal amyloidosis. (PMID:33583303)
  • Welcome to the Family: Identification of the NAD(+) Transporter of Animal Mitochondria as Member of the Solute Carrier Family SLC25. (PMID:34198503)
  • SLC25A51 promotes tumor growth through sustaining mitochondria acetylation homeostasis and proline biogenesis. (PMID:37419986)
  • Dynamics of SLC25A51 reveal preference for oxidized NAD[+] and substrate led transport. (PMID:37575034)
  • Absence of mitochondrial SLC25A51 enhances PARP1-dependent DNA repair by increasing nuclear NAD+ levels. (PMID:37587695)
  • Layered mechanisms regulating the human mitochondrial NAD+ transporter SLC25A51. (PMID:38108469)
  • SLC25A51 decouples the mitochondrial NAD[+]/NADH ratio to control proliferation of AML cells. (PMID:38354740)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
mus_musculusSlc25a51ENSMUSG00000045973
rattus_norvegicusSlc25a52ENSRNOG00000033251
rattus_norvegicusSlc25a51ENSRNOG00000039278
rattus_norvegicusSlc25a51l1ENSRNOG00000070747

Paralogs (49): SLC25A13 (ENSG00000004864), SLC25A5 (ENSG00000005022), SLC25A39 (ENSG00000013306), SLC25A40 (ENSG00000075303), SLC25A3 (ENSG00000075415), SLC25A43 (ENSG00000077713), SLC25A24 (ENSG00000085491), SLC25A1 (ENSG00000100075), SLC25A17 (ENSG00000100372), SLC25A14 (ENSG00000102078), SLC25A15 (ENSG00000102743), SLC25A11 (ENSG00000108528), UCP1 (ENSG00000109424), SLC25A36 (ENSG00000114120), SLC25A12 (ENSG00000115840), SLC25A2 (ENSG00000120329), SLC25A16 (ENSG00000122912), SLC25A35 (ENSG00000125434), SLC25A19 (ENSG00000125454), SLC25A23 (ENSG00000125648), SLC25A47 (ENSG00000140107), SLC25A52 (ENSG00000141437), SLC25A38 (ENSG00000144659), SLC25A26 (ENSG00000144741), SLC25A48 (ENSG00000145832), SLC25A37 (ENSG00000147454), SLC25A25 (ENSG00000148339), SLC25A31 (ENSG00000151475), SLC25A4 (ENSG00000151729), SLC25A27 (ENSG00000153291), SLC25A28 (ENSG00000155287), SLC25A44 (ENSG00000160785), SLC25A45 (ENSG00000162241), SLC25A34 (ENSG00000162461), SLC25A32 (ENSG00000164933), SLC25A6 (ENSG00000169100), SLC25A33 (ENSG00000171612), SLC25A30 (ENSG00000174032), UCP3 (ENSG00000175564), UCP2 (ENSG00000175567)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide transporter SLC25A51Q9H1U9 (reviewed: Q9H1U9)

Alternative names: Mitochondrial NAD(+) transporter SLC25A51, Mitochondrial carrier triple repeat protein 1, Solute carrier family 25 member 51

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9H1U9

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Mitochondrial membrane carrier protein that mediates the import of NAD(+) into mitochondria. Mitochondrial NAD(+) is required for glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. Compared to SLC25A52, SLC25A51-mediated transport is essential for the import of NAD(+) in mitochondria. The transport mechanism, uniport or antiport, its electrogenicity and substrate selectivity, remain to be elucidated.

Subcellular location. Mitochondrion inner membrane.

Similarity. Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_219480* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR018108MCP_transmembraneRepeat
IPR023395MCP_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR052465Mito_NAD+_CarrierFamily

Pfam: PF00153

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

  • NAD(+)(in) = NAD(+)(out) (RHEA:65408)

UniProt features (15 total): transmembrane region 6, repeat 3, mutagenesis site 2, chain 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1, sequence variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q9H1U9-F182.900.50

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (2):

PositionPhenotype
91impaired import of nad(+) into mitochondria.
278impaired import of nad(+) into mitochondria.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-196807Nicotinate metabolism

MSigDB gene sets: 183 (showing top): AP1_01, IVANOVA_HEMATOPOIESIS_LATE_PROGENITOR, GOBP_MONOCARBOXYLIC_ACID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_NUCLEOTIDE_TRANSPORT, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_ESTER_TRANSPORT, GOBP_GENERATION_OF_PRECURSOR_METABOLITES_AND_ENERGY, KOYAMA_SEMA3B_TARGETS_UP, SHETH_LIVER_CANCER_VS_TXNIP_LOSS_PAM4, GOBP_OXIDATIVE_PHOSPHORYLATION, TGCTGAY_UNKNOWN, chr9p13, GOBP_ELECTRON_TRANSPORT_CHAIN, GOMF_NUCLEOBASE_CONTAINING_COMPOUND_TRANSMEMBRANE_TRANSPORTER_ACTIVITY, GOBP_NUCLEOTIDE_TRANSMEMBRANE_TRANSPORT, GOBP_NUCLEOBASE_CONTAINING_COMPOUND_TRANSPORT

GO Biological Process (3): aerobic electron transport chain (GO:0019646), nicotinate metabolic process (GO:1901847), mitochondrial NAD transmembrane transport (GO:1990549)

GO Molecular Function (1): NAD transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0051724)

GO Cellular Component (3): mitochondrion (GO:0005739), mitochondrial inner membrane (GO:0005743), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
NAD transmembrane transport2
oxidative phosphorylation1
aerobic respiration1
respiratory electron transport chain1
alkaloid metabolic process1
monocarboxylic acid metabolic process1
pyridine-containing compound metabolic process1
adenine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity1
cytoplasm1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
organelle inner membrane1
mitochondrial membrane1
cellular anatomical structure1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

758 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
SLC25A51SLC25A32Q9H2D1637
SLC25A51SLC25A17O43808568
SLC25A51FRMPD1Q5SYB0566
SLC25A51SLC25A35Q3KQZ1531
SLC25A51SLC25A34Q6PIV7499
SLC25A51A0A2R8YFG2A0A2R8YFG2489
SLC25A51NMNAT1Q9HAN9481
SLC25A51SLC25A48Q6ZT89479
SLC25A51ZNF805Q5CZA5454
SLC25A51SLC25A43Q8WUT9423
SLC25A51SLC12A8A0AV02422
SLC25A51SLC25A44Q96H78417
SLC25A51FLAD1Q8NFF5403
SLC25A51MTCH1Q9NZJ7402
SLC25A51MAGEB6BA0A0J9YX57400

IntAct

45 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
CD27TCAF2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
SCN2BEXOC5psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
SLC1A1AGPAT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
FAM234BABCD4psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.620
SLC39A5TMEM223psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
SLC2A12METTL15psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
BTNL3FAM171A2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
SLC22A9GPR89Apsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
MRAP2GOLIM4psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
EVA1BNRP1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
SLC25A51PCOLCE2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
ATXN1SLC25A51psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.370
KCNC4GXYLT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SLC39A12POM121Cpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SLC22A9GPR89Apsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
MRAP2GOSR1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
FMC1NDUFAB1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
FMC1POLRMTpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
BSCL2TMEM223psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
LDLRAD1GXYLT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
HCSTTMEM120Bpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
CTLA4TMEM120Bpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350

BioGRID (164): SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC25A51 (Affinity Capture-MS), ABCB7 (Proximity Label-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1CIF6, A1CWA4, A2Q9F0, A3M019, A4RPU0, A5D9W9, A6RAY2, A6S8E0, A6SL61, A6ZXL1, A7F9Y3, A7TIQ0, B0DK57, B0Y4J4, B2MVX9, B2VSU4, B3LH09, P0CAT2, P38152, P38921, Q03829, Q07534, Q08CI8, Q0CT66, Q12289, Q1DRJ3, Q2H608, Q2UU67, Q3SY17, Q4WQC5, Q52KK3, Q59KC4, Q5B717, Q5EAC0, Q5HZI9, Q6BH02, Q6C6I3, Q6CNY8, Q6DE75, Q6DJ08

Diamond homologs: A1CIF6, A1CWA4, A2ASZ8, A2CEQ0, A2Q9F0, A4QNX2, A4RPU0, A5D9W9, A5PJZ1, A6RAY2, A6S8E0, A6ZXL1, A7F9Y3, A7TIQ0, B0DK57, B0Y4J4, B2MVX9, B2VSU4, B3LH09, B8ZHC9, F1LX07, F1LZW6, O14281, O18757, O49447, O75746, O94502, O95258, P04710, P0CAT2, P18239, P27081, P29518, P38152, Q07534, Q08CI8, Q09188, Q09461, Q0CT66, Q0V7M4

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 53 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport611.8×1e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

39 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance27
Likely benign1
Benign0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

817 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
9:37885748:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
9:37885746:CA:Cacceptor_gain0.9900
9:37887897:T:TAdonor_gain0.9900
9:37888041:T:Adonor_gain0.9900
9:37893747:A:Tacceptor_gain0.9900
9:37899950:CCT:Cacceptor_gain0.9900
9:37899952:T:Cacceptor_gain0.9900
9:37885745:TCA:Tacceptor_gain0.9800
9:37885746:CAC:Cacceptor_gain0.9800
9:37887881:TGGC:Tdonor_gain0.9800
9:37897703:TGAC:Tdonor_gain0.9800
9:37899952:T:TCacceptor_gain0.9800
9:37887914:TG:Tdonor_gain0.9700
9:37899791:T:Cdonor_gain0.9700
9:37899824:TTCAC:Tdonor_loss0.9700
9:37899825:TCA:Tdonor_loss0.9700
9:37899826:CACCT:Cdonor_loss0.9700
9:37899827:A:AGdonor_loss0.9700
9:37899951:C:CGacceptor_loss0.9700
9:37885652:CGGA:Cdonor_gain0.9600
9:37887644:A:Cdonor_gain0.9600
9:37887915:G:Tdonor_gain0.9600
9:37887927:A:ACdonor_gain0.9600
9:37887928:C:CCdonor_gain0.9600
9:37888589:TAACC:Tacceptor_loss0.9600
9:37888591:ACCTA:Aacceptor_loss0.9600
9:37888592:CCTA:Cacceptor_loss0.9600
9:37888593:C:Gacceptor_loss0.9600
9:37888594:T:Aacceptor_loss0.9600
9:37885743:CATCA:Cacceptor_gain0.9500

AlphaMissense

1947 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
9:37888254:A:CF99L0.997
9:37888254:A:TF99L0.997
9:37888256:A:GF99L0.997
9:37887704:A:GW283R0.996
9:37887704:A:TW283R0.996
9:37888304:C:GG83R0.995
9:37888304:C:TG83R0.995
9:37888117:A:GL145P0.994
9:37888303:C:TG83E0.994
9:37887701:C:GG284R0.993
9:37887718:C:GR278P0.993
9:37887981:A:CF190L0.993
9:37887981:A:TF190L0.993
9:37887983:A:GF190L0.993
9:37888131:T:AR140S0.993
9:37888131:T:GR140S0.993
9:37887740:C:GG271R0.992
9:37888028:C:GG175R0.992
9:37887700:C:TG284D0.991
9:37887702:C:AW283C0.991
9:37887702:C:GW283C0.991
9:37887978:G:CF191L0.991
9:37887978:G:TF191L0.991
9:37887980:A:GF191L0.991
9:37888377:T:AQ58H0.991
9:37888377:T:GQ58H0.991
9:37888404:A:CF49L0.991
9:37888404:A:TF49L0.991
9:37888406:A:GF49L0.991
9:37887843:T:AK236N0.990

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000030454 (9:37880334 A>G), RS1000057257 (9:37906122 G>T), RS1000092181 (9:37880568 T>C), RS1000397581 (9:37899131 G>A), RS1000417256 (9:37878897 C>A,T), RS1000618015 (9:37893468 A>C), RS1000688811 (9:37883208 T>C), RS1000859552 (9:37889187 G>A,C), RS1000869355 (9:37889487 G>A), RS1001025261 (9:37904683 G>A,C), RS1001051728 (9:37895176 T>C), RS1001328751 (9:37882994 C>T), RS1001351464 (9:37900548 T>C), RS1001403683 (9:37900814 T>G), RS1001573003 (9:37877751 T>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:619153 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST003772_13Loneliness (linear analysis)2.000000e-06
GCST004125_12Type 2 diabetes (age of onset)4.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0007865loneliness measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: transporter — SLC25 mitochondrial vitamin and co-factor carriers subfamily

CTD chemical–gene interactions

35 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Valproic Acidaffects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases methylation5
chloropicrinincreases expression2
Hydrogen Peroxideaffects expression, decreases expression2
methylmercuric chlorideincreases expression1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphateincreases expression1
sodium arsenitedecreases expression, increases abundance1
potassium chromate(VI)decreases expression1
CGP 52608affects binding, increases reaction1
2-palmitoylglycerolincreases expression1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
erucylphospho-N,N,N-trimethylpropylammoniumincreases expression1
ICG 001increases expression1
dorsomorphinaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
PCI 5002affects cotreatment, increases expression1
4-(4-((5-(4,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenyl)-2-furanyl)methylene)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic acidincreases expression1
Resveratrolaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Temozolomidedecreases expression1
Acetaminophenincreases expression1
Air Pollutantsdecreases expression, increases abundance1
Arsenicdecreases expression, increases abundance1
Atrazinedecreases expression1
Benzo(a)pyreneincreases expression1
Carbamazepineaffects expression1
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylenedecreases expression1
Diurondecreases expression1
Doxorubicindecreases expression1
Folic Aciddecreases expression1
Plant Extractsaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Zincincreases expression, affects cotreatment1
Cyclosporineincreases expression1

Cellosaurus cell lines

4 cell lines: 4 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_D4KHHCT116-SLC25A51-KO-c4Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_D4KIHCT116-SLC25A51-KO-c5Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_TM56HAP1 SLC25A51 (-) 1Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_TM57HAP1 SLC25A51 (-) 2Cancer cell lineMale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.