SNCG

Summary

SNCG (synuclein gamma, HGNC:11141) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 10q23.2, encoding Gamma-synuclein (O76070). Plays a role in neurofilament network integrity.

This gene encodes a member of the synuclein family of proteins which are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Mutations in this gene have also been associated with breast tumor development.

Source: NCBI Gene 6623 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 31 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_003087

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:11141
Approved symbol	SNCG
Name	synuclein gamma
Location	10q23.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	BCSG1, SR, persyn
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000173267
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	602998
Entrez	6623

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 7 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000348795, ENST00000372017, ENST00000465679, ENST00000483064, ENST00000896561, ENST00000930521, ENST00000930522, ENST00000951192, ENST00000951193

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_003087 NM_001330120, NM_003087

CCDS: CCDS7380, CCDS81483

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000372017 — 5 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001672714	86962965	86963258
ENSE00001871412	86958599	86958818
ENSE00003502391	86962604	86962675
ENSE00003555827	86959633	86959674
ENSE00003681869	86960001	86960128

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 218 present calls, max score 99.34.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 39.9907 / max 2615.8110, expressed in 1302 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (9 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
106003	32.1780	1037
106007	4.6900	1001
106004	2.3155	366
106001	0.4269	197
106005	0.1262	50
106006	0.1057	36
205931	0.0839	34
106008	0.0538	20
106002	0.0107	3

Top tissues by expression

284 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	99.34	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	99.32	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	99.20	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	99.12	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	98.97	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	98.97	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	98.82	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	98.80	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	98.73	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	98.71	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	98.49	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	98.41	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	98.39	gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamus	UBERON:0002736	98.35	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	98.16	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	98.11	gold quality
dorsal root ganglion	UBERON:0000044	98.01	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	97.67	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	97.49	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 10	UBERON:0013541	97.31	gold quality
pons	UBERON:0000988	97.28	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	97.25	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	97.17	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	97.15	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	97.09	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	97.06	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	96.91	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	96.55	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	96.25	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	96.23	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 14 experiment(s), a significant marker in 12.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-7316	yes	13242.69
E-HCAD-25	yes	3544.71
E-HCAD-56	yes	3018.34
E-MTAB-9154	yes	1612.38
E-MTAB-8559	yes	1032.56
E-GEOD-124472	yes	316.65
E-HCAD-1	yes	33.25
E-MTAB-6701	yes	26.60
E-MTAB-8410	yes	23.13
E-HCAD-10	yes	20.71
E-HCAD-9	yes	16.57
E-MTAB-7303	no	787.92
E-MTAB-10137	no	601.67
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AP1, ATF4, JUN, MEF2A, POU1F1, SP1, SP3, TBX5, TCF4

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Biophysical properties of the synucleins and their propensities to fibrillate: inhibition of alpha-synuclein assembly by beta- and gamma-synucleins (PMID:11812782)
• strong evidence that AP1 plays an overriding role in the transcription of the BCSG1 gene and that blockade of AP1 transactivation down-regulates BCSG1 expression and suppresses tumor phenotype (PMID:12072430)
• role in promoting cancer cell survival and inhibition of stress- and chemotherapy drug-induced apoptosis by modulating MAPK pathways (PMID:12121974)
• data demonstrated a moderate elevation of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and significant upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases-9 in stable cell lines overexpressing gamma-synuclein (PMID:12559990)
• Hypomethylation of the synuclein gamma gene CpG island promotes its aberrant expression in breast carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma. (PMID:12566312)
• In high-grade glial tumors. Found in all anaplastic ependymomas but in only 33% of ependymomas and 16% of myxopapillary ependymomas. In 63% of glioblastomas but not in other astrocytic tumors. No gamma-synuclein in medulloblastomas. (PMID:12783249)
• SNCG is required for efficient ER-alpha signaling in brest cancer. (PMID:12873981)
• Low expression level of gamma-synuclein in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) and biological effects of gamma-synuclein over-expression on ESCC 9706 cells suggest gamma-synuclein may play role as negative regulator in of human ESCC. (PMID:12970872)
• we identified the mitotic checkpoint protein BubR1 as a novel binding partner of BCSG1 (PMID:14576821)
• aberrrant SNCG gene expression can occur by CpG island demethylation, and may have a role in the progressive stages of gastric carcinogenesis (PMID:15073123)
• the alpha- and gamma-synucleins regulate proteasomal function and beta-synuclein acts as a negative regulator of alpha-synuclein (PMID:15591046)
• Up-regulation of gamma-synuclein is associated with bladder cancer (PMID:15596044)
• Inducing demethylation of SNCG by hepatocarcinogens may represent one underlying mechanism for the aberrant expression of SNCG in hepatoma. (PMID:16596223)
• The acidic C-terminal tail region of gamma-synuclein, which displays extensive sequence divergence, is more highly disordered than the corresponding regions in the other two family members. (PMID:16597821)
• BCSG-1 significantly correlates with levels of transglutaminase-3 and may have a role in progression of breast cancer (PMID:16786148)
• SNCG mRNA is expressed in a substantial proportion of malignant ovarian tumors and demethylation is an important event in abnormal synuclein-gamma expression in most of these cases. (PMID:16816827)
• This study suggests that the expression of SNCG is an independent predictive marker for recurrence and metastasis in breast cancer progression. (PMID:16821081)
• Abnormal expression of BCSG1 in breast cancer cells is likely regulated by multiple mechanisms. (PMID:16989287)
• Synuclein-gamma might be involved in late stage breast and ovarian cancer metastasis by enhancing cell motility through activation of the RHO family small-GTPases and ERK. (PMID:17016652)
• tobacco exposure induces the abnormal expression of SNCG in lung cancer cells through downregulation of DNMT3B (PMID:17369845)
• SNCG is a new unfavorable prognostic marker for breast cancer progression and a potential target for breast cancer treatment. (PMID:17534899)
• A comparison of the structural and dynamic properties of the free states of all three synucleins, is reported in order to shed light on differences that may help to explain their different propensities to aggregate. (PMID:17681534)
• results are consistent with the hypothesis that gamma-synuclein plays an important role in adipocyte physiology (PMID:18424589)
• Gamma-synuclein is able to bind directly to several transcription factors. These results are discussed in connection with the implication of gamma-synuclein in diseases. (PMID:18498014)
• data revealed unique expression pattern and methylation status of BCSG1 gene in breast tissues derived from Chinese patients and suggested both methylation status and mechanisms underlying BCSG1 regulation might be closely related to racial background. (PMID:18544996)
• gamma-Synuclein is selectively and abundantly expressed in human retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in vivo, primary rat RGCs in vitro, and immortalized RGC-5 cells. (PMID:18728752)
• SNCG methylation is cell type-specific and the gene is hypermethylated in some urothelial cancers. (PMID:18803290)
• suggest an up-regulation of dioxin-inducible CYP1A1 and gamma-SYN occurs in endometriosis (PMID:18849443)
• Aberrant expression and demethylation of SNCG in colorectal cancer, correlated with progression of the disease. (PMID:19016751)
• synuclein-gamma is closely involved in perineural invasion/distant metastasis and is a significant prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer. (PMID:19351749)
• Our results showing the ability of gamma-Syn to regulate SERT activity suggests a novel role for gamma-Syn in the physiological regulation and maintenance of 5-HT homeostasis and clearance. (PMID:19429025)
• CCL2 and SNCG, combined with clinicopathologic features, may be used as accurate predictors of liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. (PMID:19706805)
• gamma-synuclein may play a positive role in the progression of colorectal cancer (PMID:19859996)
• Gamma-synuclein protein is valuable for evaluation of progression of colorectal carcinoma; it is more sensitive to predict advanced stage and lymph node invasion when combined with either alpha- or beta-synuclein protein. (PMID:20043104)
• SNCG interacts only with the 18kDa region of Hsp70 substrate binding domain and the TPR motif of BubR1. Based on the interactions of SNCG with N-BubR1 and ANK peptide, the common residues of SNCG that mediate these interactions were identified. (PMID:20437261)
• The upregulation of gamma-synuclein expression in colorectal cancer is primarily attributed to the demethylation of CpG islands. (PMID:20577925)
• Results indicate that ER-alpha36 is a new member of the ER-alpha family that mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling and that synuclein gamma can replace the function of heat shock protein 90. (PMID:20595634)
• SNCG overexpression is associated with colon cancer. (PMID:20604972)
• The reciprocal regulation of gamma-synuclein and IGF-I receptor expression creates a circuit that modulates IGF-I signaling. (PMID:20670935)
• members of the synuclein gene family, particularly SNCA and SNCG, affect the risk of developing diffuse lewy body disease. (PMID:20697047)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Sncg	ENSMUSG00000023064
rattus_norvegicus	Sncg	ENSRNOG00000058006

Paralogs (2): SNCB (ENSG00000074317), SNCA (ENSG00000145335)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Gamma-synuclein — O76070 (reviewed: O76070)

Alternative names: Breast cancer-specific gene 1 protein, Persyn, Synoretin

All UniProt accessions (3): O76070, F8W754, Q6FHG5

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Plays a role in neurofilament network integrity. May be involved in modulating axonal architecture during development and in the adult. In vitro, increases the susceptibility of neurofilament-H to calcium-dependent proteases. May also function in modulating the keratin network in skin. Activates the MAPK and Elk-1 signal transduction pathway.

Subunit / interactions. May be a centrosome-associated protein. Interacts with MYOC; affects its secretion and its aggregation.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Perinuclear region. Cytoskeleton. Microtubule organizing center. Centrosome. Spindle.

Tissue specificity. Highly expressed in brain, particularly in the substantia nigra. Also expressed in the corpus callosum, heart, skeletal muscle, ovary, testis, colon and spleen. Weak expression in pancreas, kidney and lung.

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation by GRK5 appears to occur on residues distinct from the residue phosphorylated by other kinases.

Similarity. Belongs to the synuclein family.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001317049, NP_003078* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001058	Synuclein	Family
IPR002462	Synuclein_gamma	Family

Pfam: PF01387

UniProt features (14 total): repeat 4, sequence conflict 3, modified residue 3, region of interest 2, chain 1, sequence variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-O76070-F1	76.14	0.10

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (3): 67, 72, 124

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 178 (showing top): AP1_01, GOBP_BEHAVIOR, XU_GH1_AUTOCRINE_TARGETS_UP, GOBP_ADULT_BEHAVIOR, MODULE_45, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GRAESSMANN_RESPONSE_TO_MC_AND_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GOBP_NEUROTRANSMITTER_TRANSPORT, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, GOBP_ADULT_LOCOMOTORY_BEHAVIOR, CAGCTG_AP4_Q5, GOCC_MICROTUBULE_ORGANIZING_CENTER, GOBP_SYNAPTIC_VESICLE_RECYCLING, GOBP_CELL_CELL_SIGNALING, GOBP_ORGANIC_HYDROXY_COMPOUND_TRANSPORT

GO Biological Process (7): chemical synaptic transmission (GO:0007268), adult locomotory behavior (GO:0008344), protein secretion (GO:0009306), regulation of dopamine secretion (GO:0014059), regulation of neurotransmitter secretion (GO:0046928), synaptic vesicle endocytosis (GO:0048488), synapse organization (GO:0050808)

GO Molecular Function (2): cuprous ion binding (GO:1903136), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (12): cytoplasm (GO:0005737), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), centrosome (GO:0005813), spindle (GO:0005819), cytosol (GO:0005829), neuronal cell body (GO:0043025), axon terminus (GO:0043679), perinuclear region of cytoplasm (GO:0048471), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), axon (GO:0030424), synapse (GO:0045202)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	3
cytoplasm	3
intracellular membraneless organelle	2
anterograde trans-synaptic signaling	1
locomotory behavior	1
adult behavior	1
protein transport	1
secretion by cell	1
establishment of protein localization to extracellular region	1
protein localization to extracellular region	1
dopamine secretion	1
regulation of catecholamine secretion	1
neurotransmitter secretion	1
modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	1
regulation of neurotransmitter transport	1
regulation of secretion by cell	1
synaptic vesicle recycling	1
presynaptic endocytosis	1
cell junction organization	1
copper ion binding	1
binding	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
endomembrane system	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
centriole	1
microtubule organizing center	1
microtubule cytoskeleton	1
somatodendritic compartment	1
cell body	1
neuron projection terminus	1
presynapse	1
distal axon	1
extracellular vesicle	1
neuron projection	1
cell junction	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1620 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
SNCG	MYOC	Q99972	729
SNCG	THY1	P04216	710
SNCG	POU4F2	Q12837	590
SNCG	APP	P05067	545
SNCG	LAMP5	Q9UJQ1	540
SNCG	RBPMS	Q93062	539
SNCG	ATOH7	Q8N100	535
SNCG	POU4F1	Q01851	531
SNCG	PLCB2	Q00722	515
SNCG	PFDN2	Q9UHV9	489
SNCG	SLC6A4	P31645	476
SNCG	NEFL	P07196	443
SNCG	NRN1	Q9NPD7	440
SNCG	PCBP1	Q15365	437
SNCG	RHO	P08100	422

IntAct

34 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
SNCG	TERF1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
SIRT5	SNCG	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
SNCG	TERF2IP	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
POT1	SNCG	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
Cenpe	BBX	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
Bmpr1a	PLEKHG3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAPT	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
WIF1	SMCHD1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GPR173	CDIPT	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CIDEB	SNCG	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
POU4F3	SNCG	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
VCP	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAPT	PITPNM1	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
MAPT	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
MAPT		psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
EXT2	SNCG	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
SNCG	MCM3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
SNCG	FAM90A16P	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
HNF4A	SNCG	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
SNCG	FUBP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
SNCG	DDX5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
SNCG	MSN	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
SNCG		psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
SNCG	DYNLL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
SNRPN	SNCG	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (69): HN1 (Co-fractionation), SNCG (Affinity Capture-MS), SNCG (Affinity Capture-MS), SNCG (Affinity Capture-MS), SNCG (Affinity Capture-MS), SNCG (Affinity Capture-MS), DYNLL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MCM3 (Affinity Capture-MS), FUBP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SNCG (Affinity Capture-MS), BUB1B (Affinity Capture-Western), BUB1B (Reconstituted Complex), BUB1B (Two-hybrid), SNCG (Proximity Label-MS), SNCG (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0E4AVP3, A2XG55, A3AHG5, O36029, O55042, O76070, O94724, P01094, P0CU49, P16547, P22943, P23283, P33567, P37377, P37379, P37840, P53707, P61138, P61139, P61140, P61141, P61142, P61143, P61144, P61145, P61146, P61147, Q15847, Q16143, Q2PFW6, Q39846, Q3I5G7, Q3T0G8, Q42512, Q5XF06, Q63544, Q63754, Q6TMJ3, Q8LFD5, Q91448

Diamond homologs: O76070, P37379, P61147, Q2PFW6, Q63544, Q9NZ50, Q9Z0F7, O55042, P33567, P37377, P37840, P61138, P61139, P61140, P61141, P61142, P61143, P61144, P61145, P61146, Q16143, Q3I5G7, Q3T0G8, Q63754, Q91448

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
TBX5	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	SNCG	“transcriptional regulation”
GRK2	“down-regulates activity”	SNCG	phosphorylation

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

31 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	21
Likely benign	1
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1025 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
10:86958786:C:G	donor_gain	1.0000
10:86958800:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
10:86958803:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
10:86958815:GTGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
10:86958817:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
10:86958818:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
10:86958820:TAAG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
10:86959673:AGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
10:86959674:GG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
10:86959675:GT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
10:86959676:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
10:86962598:CTACA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:86962601:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:86962603:G:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:86962661:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
10:86958734:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9900
10:86958779:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9900
10:86958807:TC:T	donor_gain	0.9900
10:86958819:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9900
10:86958821:AA:A	donor_loss	0.9900
10:86959627:CCCCA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
10:86959628:CCCA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
10:86959631:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:86959632:G:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
10:86959632:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:86959999:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:86959999:AGT:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:86960000:G:GA	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:86960000:GT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
10:86960000:GTG:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

827 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
10:86958729:C:A	A11D	0.998
10:86958782:G:C	A29P	0.997
10:86958785:G:C	A30P	0.996
10:86960024:G:C	A63P	0.995
10:86960069:G:C	A78P	0.995
10:86958786:C:A	A30D	0.994
10:86958716:G:C	G7R	0.993
10:86958717:G:A	G7D	0.992
10:86958720:T:C	F8S	0.992
10:86958728:G:C	A11P	0.992
10:86958803:G:A	G36R	0.992
10:86958803:G:C	G36R	0.992
10:86960003:G:C	A56P	0.992
10:86960070:C:A	A78D	0.992
10:86958762:C:T	T22I	0.991
10:86958766:G:C	K23N	0.991
10:86958766:G:T	K23N	0.991
10:86958761:A:C	T22P	0.990
10:86958749:G:C	A18P	0.989
10:86958803:G:T	G36W	0.989
10:86958807:T:A	V37D	0.989
10:86960090:G:C	A85P	0.989
10:86958770:G:A	G25R	0.988
10:86958770:G:C	G25R	0.988
10:86958799:G:C	K34N	0.988
10:86958799:G:T	K34N	0.988
10:86958794:A:C	T33P	0.987
10:86958737:G:C	G14R	0.986
10:86958733:G:C	K12N	0.985
10:86958733:G:T	K12N	0.985

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000069376 (10:86958989 A>G), RS1000381601 (10:86961934 A>G), RS1000705529 (10:86963047 C>G,T), RS1000985153 (10:86963224 T>A), RS1001473450 (10:86958039 A>G), RS1001779013 (10:86963294 G>A), RS1002553132 (10:86956774 G>A,T), RS1003047231 (10:86962342 C>A), RS1003086421 (10:86960575 G>A,C), RS1003143042 (10:86961368 G>A,T), RS1003150594 (10:86956522 T>C), RS1003175517 (10:86961551 T>C), RS1003302770 (10:86959632 GGAGCCAAGACCAA>G), RS1003403732 (10:86956165 C>CCCACCA), RS1003425820 (10:86962120 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:602998 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: other protein — Synuclein proteins

CTD chemical–gene interactions

36 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases methylation, increases expression	3
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
Calcitriol	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Nickel	affects expression, decreases expression, decreases reaction	2
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression, increases methylation	2
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
bufotalin	decreases expression	1
bisphenol A	decreases expression	1
methylselenic acid	increases expression	1
pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects localization, increases expression	1
trichostatin A	decreases reaction, affects expression	1
tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate	affects expression	1
tetrahydropalmatine	decreases expression	1
beta-lapachone	increases expression	1
methylparaben	decreases expression	1
sulforaphane	decreases expression	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression	1
cupric chloride	decreases expression	1
jinfukang	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
Decitabine	affects methylation, affects expression	1
Cadmium	decreases expression	1
Carmustine	increases expression	1
Cisplatin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Diazinon	increases methylation	1
Furaldehyde	affects cotreatment, affects localization, decreases expression, increases expression	1
Rotenone	decreases expression	1
Sodium Chloride	decreases expression, increases expression, affects cotreatment, affects localization	1
Tamoxifen	decreases response to substance	1
Testosterone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1

Cellosaurus cell lines

2 cell lines: 1 cancer cell line, 1 telomerase immortalized cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_B2GU	Abcam HeLa SNCG KO	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_C3KH	N/Tert-1 SNCG	Telomerase immortalized cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.