SNHG16

Summary

SNHG16 (small nucleolar RNA host gene 16, HGNC:44352) is a long non-coding RNA gene on chromosome 17q25.1.

Predicted to be involved in RNA processing. Predicted to be located in nucleolus.

Source: NCBI Gene 100507246 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (lncRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:44352
Approved symbol	SNHG16
Name	small nucleolar RNA host gene 16
Location	17q25.1
Locus type	RNA, long non-coding
Status	Approved
Aliases	ncRAN, Nbla12061, Nbla10727, ELNAT1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000163597
Ensembl biotype	lncRNA
Entrez	100507246
RNAcentral	URS000075DE45 — lncRNA, 2538 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 69 — 68 lncRNA, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000448136, ENST00000493536, ENST00000586846, ENST00000586942, ENST00000587743, ENST00000587838, ENST00000590435, ENST00000591956, ENST00000653677, ENST00000661348, ENST00000667091, ENST00000668511, ENST00000670737, ENST00000686755, ENST00000692197, ENST00000700957, ENST00000701062, ENST00000702193, ENST00000738069, ENST00000738070, ENST00000738071, ENST00000738072, ENST00000738073, ENST00000738074, ENST00000738075, ENST00000738076, ENST00000738077, ENST00000738078, ENST00000738079, ENST00000738080, ENST00000738081, ENST00000738082, ENST00000738083, ENST00000738084, ENST00000738085, ENST00000738086, ENST00000738087, ENST00000738088, ENST00000738089, ENST00000738090, ENST00000738091, ENST00000738092, ENST00000738093, ENST00000738094, ENST00000738095, ENST00000738096, ENST00000738097, ENST00000738098, ENST00000738099, ENST00000738100, ENST00000738101, ENST00000738102, ENST00000738103, ENST00000738104, ENST00000738105, ENST00000738106, ENST00000738107, ENST00000738108, ENST00000738109, ENST00000738110, ENST00000738111, ENST00000738112, ENST00000738113, ENST00000738114, ENST00000738115, ENST00000738116, ENST00000738117, ENST00000738118, ENST00000738119

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000448136 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001791807	76563119	76565348
ENSE00002837543	76561288	76561398
ENSE00004072989	76557769	76559043

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 256 present calls, max score 99.58.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 197.6413 / max 2769.9745, expressed in 1819 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (7 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
162871	178.3625	1819
162874	9.2059	1614
162873	7.0050	1651
162877	1.3163	717
162872	0.9775	734
162878	0.4932	285
162879	0.2809	140

Top tissues by expression

256 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
tibialis anterior	UBERON:0001385	99.58	gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atrium	UBERON:0003379	99.50	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	99.44	gold quality
kidney epithelium	UBERON:0004819	99.14	gold quality
deltoid	UBERON:0001476	98.86	gold quality
upper arm skin	UBERON:0004263	98.78	gold quality
oviduct epithelium	UBERON:0004804	98.68	gold quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	98.53	gold quality
quadriceps femoris	UBERON:0001377	98.51	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	98.45	gold quality
vastus lateralis	UBERON:0001379	98.39	gold quality
biceps brachii	UBERON:0001507	98.32	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	98.23	gold quality
pigmented layer of retina	UBERON:0001782	98.19	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii	UBERON:0004502	97.90	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	97.87	gold quality
body of tongue	UBERON:0011876	97.80	gold quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	97.60	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	97.57	gold quality
heart right ventricle	UBERON:0002080	97.56	gold quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	97.55	gold quality
nipple	UBERON:0002030	97.25	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	97.21	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	97.00	gold quality
tongue	UBERON:0001723	96.72	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	96.66	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	96.57	gold quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	96.48	gold quality
vena cava	UBERON:0004087	96.46	gold quality
cardia of stomach	UBERON:0001162	96.28	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• SNHG16 may play an oncogenic role in colorectal cancer. (PMID:27396952)
• A three-lncRNA signature (LOC285194, RP11-462C24.1 and Nbla12061) identified via stepwise regression analysis showed potential as a diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer. (PMID:27683121)
• Taken together, these findings indicated that SNHG16 induces breast cancer cell migration by competitively binding miR-98 with E2F5. (PMID:28232182)
• The expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG16 in gastric cancer (GC) tissue, significantly associated with invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and histological differentiation, was upregulated compared with adjacent tissues. (PMID:29081409)
• SNHG16 could serve as an oncogene that promotes tumor progression by acting as an endogenous ‘sponge’ to regulate miR-216A-5p/ZEB1 in cervical cancer. (PMID:29126969)
• mechanism experiments revealed that SNHG16 could epigenetically silence the expression of p21. The facts above pointed out that lncRNA-SNHG16 might be quite vital for the diagnosis and development of bladder cancer, and could even become an important therapeutic target for bladder cancer. (PMID:29234154)
• SNHG16 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer, and was correlated with staging, distant metastasis and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer; SNHG16 may activate phosphorylation of AKT and upregulate the expression of MMP9 to promote cell proliferation, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer (PMID:29461589)
• SNHG16 acts as an oncogenic lncRNA that promoted glioma tumorigenesis via acting as a competing endogenous RNA that regulated the expression of PRMT5 through directly sponging miR-4518. (PMID:29529599)
• SNHG16 promotes glioma tumorigenesis by sponging miR-20a-5p, leading to the enhancement of its endogenous targets E2F1 (PMID:29685003)
• Knockdown of SNHG16 suppressed proliferation and invasion and induced apoptosis of ESCC cells. Mechanistically, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways were actively modulated by SNHG16 in ESCC cells. (PMID:29949155)
• SNHG16 can act as a ceRNA to modulate miR-15a/16 cluster, thereby affecting LSP-induced inflammatory pathway which was downregulated by miR-15a/16 cluster. (PMID:30119242)
• expression of long non-coding RNA SNHG16 correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (PMID:30287374)
• Hsa-miR-124-3p was demonstrated to interact with SNHG16, and upregulated in SNHG16-downregulated Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. In addition, inhibiting hsa-miR-124-3p reversed SNHG16-downregulation-mediated tumor suppressive functions in ALL. SNHG16 is upregulated in ALL, and its inhibition has tumor suppressive effect in ALL, likely through epigenetic interaction on hsa-miR-124-3p (PMID:30380185)
• SNHG16 could upregulate zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) expression by acting as an endogenous sponge of miR-205 and the effects of SNHG16 on the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells were dependent on miR-205. (PMID:30453308)
• we conclude that c-Myc-induced upregulation of SNHG16 enhances progression and carcinogenesis in OSCC. (PMID:30607006)
• LncSNHG16 was highly expressed in osteosarcoma (OS) tissues and cell lines and negatively correlated with survival and positively with the tumor stage of OS patients. MicroRNA-146a-5p was predicted to be the target gene of lncSNHG16 and NOVA1 was predicted to be the target gene of microRNA-146a-5p. LncSNHG16 participates in the development of OS by downregulating microRNA-146a-5p to upregulate NOVA1 expression. (PMID:30657551)
• SNHG16 involves in the migration and invasion of OS cells. (PMID:30726150)
• SNHG16 promoted liver cancer cells proliferation via the SNHG16/miR-302a-3p/FGF19 axis (PMID:30784284)
• Authors found that SNHG16 was upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines and that it was negatively correlated with survival time in HCC patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that SNHG16 was a significant and independent predictor for the overall survival of HCC patients. (PMID:30893293)
• SNHG16 promotes BCL9 expression by sponging miR-1301 to facilitate the proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells. (PMID:30909141)
• LncRNA SNHG16 regulated cellular processes in osteosarcoma by sponging miR-98-5p (PMID:30923843)
• MiR-200a-3p was inversely correlated with SNHG16 expression in CRC tissues. (PMID:30962265)
• lncRNA SNHG16 Exerts Oncogenic Functions in Promoting Proliferation of Glioma Through Suppressing p21. (PMID:30972632)
• the present study demonstrated the regulatory contribution of SNHG16/miR-17-5p/TIMP3 axis to viability, apoptosis, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of bladder cancer cells, which directly affected tumor progression. (PMID:31026378)
• Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SNHG16 regulated cell proliferation in NB through transcriptional and translational pathways. Results suggested that SNHG16 may serve important roles in the development and progression of NB. (PMID:31180520)
• lncRNA SNHG16 promotes glioma tumorigenicity through miR-373/EGFR axis by activating PI3K/AKT pathway. (PMID:31226483)
• High SNHG16 expression is associated with proliferation, invasion and tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:31306653)
• lncRNA SNHG16 in myocardial cell injury induced by acute myocardial infarction and the underlying functional regulation mechanism. (PMID:31355606)
• the importance of the regulatory axis of SNHG16/miR-16/ATG4B underlying osteosarcoma progression and chemoresistance to cisplatin. (PMID:31427084)
• Long non-coding RNA SNHG16 regulates human aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via sponging miR-205 and modulating Smad2. (PMID:31441592)
• Long non-coding RNA SNHG16 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by targeting miR-497-5p/PIM1 axis. (PMID:31483572)
• Long-Non Coding RNA SNHG16 Supports Colon Cancer Cell Growth by Modulating miR-302a-3p/AKT Axis. (PMID:31502038)
• SNHG16 was found to be upregulated whereas DKK3 was downregulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. It showed that the expressions of SNHG16 and DKK3 were negatively correlated in clinical GC tissues.All these results suggested that SNHG16 promotes GC progression via regulation of DKK3 directly or indirectly. (PMID:31561329)
• SNHG 16 was upregulated in LAD tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, SNHG 16 promoted LAD cell proliferation and invasion via sponging let-7a-5p. (PMID:31580045)
• LncRNA SNHG16 promoted proliferation and inflammatory response of macrophages through miR-17-5p/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in patients with atherosclerosis. (PMID:31646601)
• Both the knock down of lncRNA SNHG16 and SREBP2 and overexpression of miR-195 suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and lipogenesis in pancreatic cancer cells. LncRNA SNHG16 directly sponged miR-195 to modulate the lipogenesis via regulating the expression of SREBP2. LncRNA SNHG16 accelerated the development of pancreatic cancer and promoted lipogenesis via directly regulating miR-195/SREBP2 axis. (PMID:31664866)
• SNHG16 as the miRNA let-7b-5p sponge facilitates the G2/M and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating CDC25B and HMGA2 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:31696971)
• SNHG16 promotes the progression of osteoarthritis through activating microRNA-93-5p/CCND1 axis. (PMID:31773673)
• Long noncoding RNA SNHG16 promotes the tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells by recruiting transcriptional factor SPI1 to upregulate PARP9. (PMID:31774223)
• SNHG16 and IGF2 were upregulated while miR-370-3p was downregulated in serum of acute pneumonia patients and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced A549 cells. SNHG16 regulated proliferation, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting miR-370-3p. MiR-370-3p targeted IGF2 and inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory injury via IGF2. SNHG16 was verified to promote IGF2 expression by sponging miR-370-3p in A549 cells. (PMID:31841752)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.