SNTG2

Summary

SNTG2 (syntrophin gamma 2, HGNC:13741) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2p25.3, encoding Gamma-2-syntrophin (Q9NY99). Adapter protein that binds to and probably organizes the subcellular localization of a variety of proteins.

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the syntrophin family. Syntrophins are cytoplasmic peripheral membrane proteins that bind to components of mechanosenstive sodium channels and the extreme carboxy-terminal domain of dystrophin and dystrophin-related proteins. The PDZ domain of this protein product interacts with a protein component of a mechanosensitive sodium channel that affects channel gating. Absence or reduction of this protein product has been associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. There is evidence of alternative splicing yet the full-length nature of these variants has not been described.

Source: NCBI Gene 54221 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 12
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 149 total — 1 pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_018968

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:13741
Approved symbol	SNTG2
Name	syntrophin gamma 2
Location	2p25.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	SYN5, G2SYN
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000172554
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	608715
Entrez	54221

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 18 — 8 protein_coding, 8 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000308624, ENST00000407292, ENST00000450962, ENST00000452177, ENST00000463442, ENST00000467759, ENST00000471239, ENST00000472606, ENST00000475201, ENST00000489646, ENST00000494178, ENST00000498321, ENST00000912579, ENST00000912580, ENST00000912581, ENST00000912582, ENST00000912583, ENST00000941025

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_018968 NM_018968

CCDS: CCDS46220

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000308624 — 17 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001191214	1098353	1098410
ENSE00001191220	1098196	1098252
ENSE00001191222	1083518	1083655
ENSE00001406758	1237888	1238017
ENSE00001427285	1247327	1247443
ENSE00001428150	1259370	1259441
ENSE00003496331	1209103	1209230
ENSE00003511331	1239738	1239776
ENSE00003530606	1137622	1137665
ENSE00003554037	1137768	1137809
ENSE00003578144	1367343	1367613
ENSE00003578927	1173092	1173183
ENSE00003580229	1316265	1316375
ENSE00003591850	1308494	1308586
ENSE00003635526	1267365	1267571
ENSE00003653595	1165548	1165635
ENSE00003841354	950849	951068

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 166 present calls, max score 89.87.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 1.1001 / max 50.7060, expressed in 355 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
18551	0.6979	264
18550	0.3984	212
18554	0.0038	1

Top tissues by expression

286 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	89.87	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	87.42	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	80.72	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	80.64	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	79.80	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	79.19	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	78.24	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	76.99	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	76.42	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	75.21	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	75.01	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	74.45	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	73.05	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	72.84	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	72.29	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	72.08	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	72.03	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	71.86	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	71.35	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	71.25	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	70.77	silver quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	70.77	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	70.72	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	70.22	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	70.14	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	69.37	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	69.06	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	68.73	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	68.40	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	68.33	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	4.12

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

18 targeting SNTG2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-1184	99.99	68.19	1458
HSA-MIR-383-3P	99.85	65.84	1359
HSA-MIR-4307	99.82	70.45	3374
HSA-MIR-10394-5P	99.65	66.83	1852
HSA-MIR-1205	99.65	66.76	1826
HSA-MIR-3158-5P	99.65	67.51	1763
HSA-MIR-5003-5P	99.61	69.13	1624
HSA-MIR-4261	99.59	70.30	3415
HSA-MIR-17-3P	99.55	66.77	1311
HSA-MIR-147B-5P	99.45	70.62	2432
HSA-MIR-32-3P	99.36	68.20	2517
HSA-MIR-3978	99.24	68.39	2201
HSA-MIR-1286	99.09	66.23	1046
HSA-MIR-4722-5P	98.46	66.34	1611
HSA-MIR-4684-3P	98.24	69.91	1075
HSA-MIR-495-5P	97.62	68.28	682
HSA-MIR-549A-5P	96.35	68.08	587

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 4)

• role in regulating SCN5A gating by a PDZ domain-mediated interaction (PMID:12429735)
• A de novo binding partner of X-linked neuroligin 4 and neuroligin 3, which correlates with autism-related mutations. (PMID:17292328)
• MYT1L and the SNTG2 genes within the reported region could probably relate to the phenotypic discordance of the monozygotic twins. (PMID:23061379)
• Overexpression of SNTG2, TRAF3IP2, and ITGA6 transcripts is associated with osteoporotic vertebral fracture in elderly women from community. (PMID:32602654)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	sntg2	ENSDARG00000101660
mus_musculus	Sntg2	ENSMUSG00000020672
rattus_norvegicus	Sntg2	ENSRNOG00000004928
drosophila_melanogaster	Syn2	FBGN0034135
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00017866

Paralogs (4): SNTA1 (ENSG00000101400), SNTG1 (ENSG00000147481), SNTB2 (ENSG00000168807), SNTB1 (ENSG00000172164)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Gamma-2-syntrophin — Q9NY99 (reviewed: Q9NY99)

Alternative names: Syntrophin-5

All UniProt accessions (2): Q9NY99, F2Z2D2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Adapter protein that binds to and probably organizes the subcellular localization of a variety of proteins. May link various receptors to the actin cytoskeleton and the dystrophin glycoprotein complex.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with the dystrophin protein DMD and related proteins DTNA and DTNB.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane. Sarcolemma. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton.

Tissue specificity. Widely expressed. Strong expression in brain and testis. In CNS, it is expressed in the perikaryon and proximal portion of the neuronal processes. Strong expression in the hippocampus, neuron-rich dendate granule cells, and pyramidal cell layers. Highly expressed in neurons of the cerebral cortex. Also expressed in the cerebellar cortex, deep cerebellar nuclei, thalamus, and basal ganglia.

Domain organisation. The association with dystrophin or related proteins probably leaves the PDZ domain available to recruit proteins to the membrane.

Similarity. Belongs to the syntrophin family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9NY99-1	1	yes
Q9NY99-2	2

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_061841* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001478	PDZ	Domain
IPR015482	Syntrophin	Family
IPR036034	PDZ_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR055108	Syntrophin_4th	Domain

Pfam: PF00595, PF23012

UniProt features (20 total): strand 5, helix 3, sequence variant 3, domain 2, compositionally biased region 2, chain 1, sequence conflict 1, turn 1, region of interest 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
7QQL	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.44

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9NY99-F1	80.14	0.56

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-9913351	Formation of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC)
R-HSA-1474244	Extracellular matrix organization
R-HSA-3000171	Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions

MSigDB gene sets: 66 (showing top): chr2p25, MODULE_205, FINAK_BREAST_CANCER_SDPP_SIGNATURE, LASTOWSKA_COAMPLIFIED_WITH_MYCN, GOMF_ACTIN_BINDING, KANG_IMMORTALIZED_BY_TERT_DN, GOMF_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_BINDING, MODULE_207, GOCC_GLYCOPROTEIN_COMPLEX, GOCC_MEMBRANE_PROTEIN_COMPLEX, GOCC_SARCOLEMMA, GOCC_PLASMA_MEMBRANE_PROTEIN_COMPLEX, GOMF_CYTOSKELETAL_PROTEIN_BINDING, GOMF_STRUCTURAL_MOLECULE_ACTIVITY, MEISSNER_BRAIN_HCP_WITH_H3K4ME3_AND_H3K27ME3

GO Biological Process (1): central nervous system development (GO:0007417)

GO Molecular Function (5): actin binding (GO:0003779), structural molecule activity (GO:0005198), PDZ domain binding (GO:0030165), neuroligin family protein binding (GO:0097109), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (8): nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex (GO:0016010), syntrophin complex (GO:0016013), sarcolemma (GO:0042383), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions	1
Extracellular matrix organization	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	3
plasma membrane protein complex	2
nervous system development	1
system development	1
cytoskeletal protein binding	1
molecular_function	1
protein domain specific binding	1
signaling receptor binding	1
binding	1
nuclear lumen	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
glycoprotein complex	1
dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex	1
plasma membrane	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

820 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
SNTG2	DTNB	O60941	887
SNTG2	ATP11C	Q8NB49	873
SNTG2	DMD	P11532	830
SNTG2	DTNA	Q9Y4J8	797
SNTG2	MYT1L	Q9UL68	622
SNTG2	SOX3	P35714	598
SNTG2	UTRN	P46939	557
SNTG2	NLGN4X	Q8N0W4	528
SNTG2	ACP1	P24666	526
SNTG2	SNTB1	Q13884	513
SNTG2	NLGN3	Q9NZ94	508
SNTG2	PLEK2	Q9NYT0	505
SNTG2	STX5	Q13190	505
SNTG2	SNTB2	Q13425	503
SNTG2	F9	P00740	497

IntAct

384 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
PTEN	PTEN	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.710
SCN5A	SNTG2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.660
E6	SNTG2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.610
SNTG2	PTEN	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.610
RPS6KA1	SNTG2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.610
SNTG2	E6	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.610
SNTG2	E6	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.610
Tax	SNTG2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.610
SNTG2	Tax	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.610
NET1	SNTG2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.610
SNTG2	NET1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.610
RPS6KA1	RPS6KA1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.590
SNTG2		psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
	SNTG2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
DTNB	SNTG2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.550
SNTG2	DTNB	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.550

BioGRID (49): SNTG2 (Two-hybrid), SNTG2 (Affinity Capture-Western), VIMP (Affinity Capture-Western), DMD (Affinity Capture-MS), DTNB (Affinity Capture-MS), SNTA1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SNTB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), DTNA (Affinity Capture-MS), SNTB2 (Affinity Capture-MS), UTRN (Affinity Capture-MS), SNTG2 (Affinity Capture-MS), RNF31 (Affinity Capture-MS), SNTG2 (Affinity Capture-RNA), SNTG2 (Biochemical Activity)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1L2W9, B2RQE8, B5XG43, G9CGD6, O08969, O88387, P59113, Q0V987, Q0VC85, Q1KKW7, Q1KKZ1, Q32LP0, Q3UUV5, Q3ZBA3, Q4V7G1, Q503L1, Q53GA4, Q5FVW6, Q5PQT7, Q5R8M5, Q5U597, Q5XGP7, Q5ZL23, Q6P0G8, Q6PG29, Q7Z628, Q7Z6J4, Q80VL0, Q80YS6, Q86UX7, Q86WV1, Q8AW35, Q8BY35, Q8IZC4, Q8K1B8, Q8N556, Q8VH46, Q91ZM9, Q91ZT5, Q925E0

Diamond homologs: A0A140LI67, A5PKA5, A7UA95, E1JIT7, O14910, O15018, O19132, O35274, O35867, O35889, O62666, O62674, O62675, O62676, O62677, O62678, O88951, O88952, P11434, P29475, P29476, P31016, P51140, P55196, P57105, P78352, Q07436, Q0P5F3, Q12923, Q14005, Q29498, Q2KIB6, Q32LM6, Q3T0C9, Q3UHD6, Q4KL35, Q5F425, Q5RAA5, Q62108, Q64512

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
SNTG2	“form complex”	DGC	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 170 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Neurexins and neuroligins	8	14.3×	2e-05
p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling	6	10.2×	1e-03
G alpha (12/13) signalling events	8	10.0×	2e-04
Cell death signalling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE	5	10.0×	4e-03
Signaling by NTRKs	6	9.9×	1e-03
Signaling by NTRK1 (TRKA)	5	8.9×	6e-03
Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors)	5	8.7×	6e-03
NRAGE signals death through JNK	5	8.4×	6e-03

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	6	24.0×	3e-05
positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential	7	23.6×	7e-06
non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway	5	18.6×	7e-04
transport across blood-brain barrier	10	11.5×	7e-06
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	5	10.8×	5e-03
synapse organization	5	9.0×	9e-03
positive regulation of GTPase activity	5	8.8×	9e-03
calcium ion transmembrane transport	6	8.1×	5e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

149 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	116
Likely benign	19
Benign	6

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
60104	GRCh38/hg38 2p25.3(chr2:50661-3293835)x1	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

7810 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
2:1083517:GACGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1083651:GGAAT:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:1083652:GAAT:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:1083652:GAATG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:1083656:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
2:1098183:A:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1133823:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1133823:ACT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1133824:C:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1133825:T:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1165542:TGACA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1165543:GACA:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1165544:ACAG:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1165545:CAGG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1165546:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1165546:A:AT	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1165547:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1165547:G:GT	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1165547:GGT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1165547:GGTGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1219955:A:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:1238014:GAAC:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:1259364:TTGCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1259365:TGCAG:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1259366:GCAGG:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1259367:CAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:1259369:GGT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1259369:GGTGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:1259438:CAAGG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
2:1267364:GTTCT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

3545 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
2:1098384:T:A	I100K	0.994
2:1137640:T:C	L115S	0.993
2:1165591:T:A	V152D	0.992
2:1316341:T:C	F485S	0.990
2:1098381:T:A	V99D	0.989
2:1267521:T:A	W412R	0.989
2:1267521:T:C	W412R	0.989
2:1308561:T:C	F451S	0.989
2:1098384:T:G	I100R	0.988
2:1137652:A:T	D119V	0.988
2:1316286:T:C	F467L	0.988
2:1316288:T:A	F467L	0.988
2:1316288:T:G	F467L	0.988
2:1137652:A:C	D119A	0.987
2:1137651:G:C	D119H	0.986
2:1137652:A:G	D119G	0.986
2:1137772:A:T	N125I	0.986
2:1165617:T:C	F161L	0.985
2:1165619:T:A	F161L	0.985
2:1165619:T:G	F161L	0.985
2:1098248:T:A	I88K	0.984
2:1247342:T:A	W302R	0.983
2:1247342:T:C	W302R	0.983
2:1247396:T:C	F320L	0.983
2:1247398:C:A	F320L	0.983
2:1247398:C:G	F320L	0.983
2:1316296:T:C	L470P	0.983
2:1098252:G:C	K89N	0.982
2:1098252:G:T	K89N	0.982
2:1137649:G:T	G118V	0.982

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000000252 (2:994629 C>G,T), RS1000007891 (2:1033260 T>C), RS1000009395 (2:1324455 GAA>G,GAAA), RS1000019847 (2:1118746 T>C,G), RS1000019906 (2:1310509 A>G), RS1000032352 (2:1111617 T>A), RS1000036688 (2:1113846 G>C,T), RS1000042133 (2:1205466 G>T), RS1000042753 (2:1190798 A>G), RS1000054849 (2:1037063 A>G), RS1000058096 (2:1081274 A>G), RS1000106436 (2:1338781 C>G), RS1000122329 (2:1255358 A>G), RS1000122701 (2:1070915 C>T), RS1000128685 (2:1006520 G>A,C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:608715 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

12 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST003263_49	Post bronchodilator FEV1 in COPD	2.000000e-07
GCST003265_383	Post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio in COPD	4.000000e-06
GCST003988_13	Hypothyroidism	6.000000e-14
GCST005412_4	Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor levels	5.000000e-07
GCST005950_2	Body mass index x sex x age interaction (4df test)	5.000000e-75
GCST005951_193	Body mass index	1.000000e-72
GCST005952_2	Body mass index (age>50)	2.000000e-30
GCST005954_1	Body mass index x age interaction	4.000000e-07
GCST006088_54	Familial squamous cell lung carcinoma	6.000000e-06
GCST009870_26	Calcific aortic valve stenosis	9.000000e-06
GCST010002_382	Refractive error	6.000000e-25
GCST010396_265	Gut microbiota (bacterial taxa, hurdle binary method)	3.000000e-07

EFO canonical traits (8, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004314	forced expiratory volume
EFO:0004713	FEV/FVC ratio
EFO:0004340	body mass index
EFO:0008007	age at assessment
EFO:0008343	sex interaction measurement
EFO:0006953	family history of lung cancer
EFO:0000266	aortic stenosis
EFO:0007874	gut microbiome measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

26 total (human), top 26 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Aflatoxin B1	affects methylation, decreases expression	2
bisphenol F	increases methylation, affects cotreatment	1
methyleugenol	decreases expression	1
bisphenol A	affects cotreatment, affects methylation, decreases methylation	1
trichostatin A	decreases expression	1
arsenite	increases methylation	1
benzo(e)pyrene	increases methylation	1
metolachlor	affects methylation, increases abundance	1
bisphenol S	decreases methylation	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Fulvestrant	increases methylation, affects cotreatment, affects methylation	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases methylation	1
Cadmium	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Copper	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Folic Acid	decreases expression	1
Herbicides	affects methylation, increases abundance	1
Methapyrilene	increases methylation	1
Methotrexate	decreases expression	1
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine	decreases expression	1
Nickel	decreases expression	1
Rotenone	increases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	increases methylation	1
Antirheumatic Agents	decreases expression	1
Cadmium Chloride	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.