SRM

Summary

SRM (spermidine synthase, HGNC:11296) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1p36.22, encoding Spermidine synthase (P19623). Catalyzes the production of spermidine from putrescine and decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine (dcSAM).

The polyamines putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are ubiquitous polycationic mediators of cell growth and differentiation. Spermidine synthase is one of four enzymes in the polyamine-biosynthetic pathway and carries out the final step of spermidine biosynthesis. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of putrescine to spermidine using decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine as the cofactor.

Source: NCBI Gene 6723 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 3
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 40 total
• Druggable target: yes — 1 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
• MANE Select transcript: NM_003132

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:11296
Approved symbol	SRM
Name	spermidine synthase
Location	1p36.22
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	SPS1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000116649
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	182891
Entrez	6723

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 7 protein_coding, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000376957, ENST00000459997, ENST00000465788, ENST00000475189, ENST00000487300, ENST00000490101, ENST00000882301, ENST00000882302, ENST00000923261

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_003132 NM_003132

CCDS: CCDS125

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000376957 — 8 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000743124	11055781	11055926
ENSE00000743131	11059225	11059345
ENSE00001836529	11059777	11060018
ENSE00002811250	11054962	11055084
ENSE00002894224	11054589	11054885
ENSE00003658005	11058800	11058892
ENSE00003694014	11056604	11056757
ENSE00003786400	11056011	11056094

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 281 present calls, max score 98.40.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 67.9739 / max 574.9587, expressed in 1817 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
10287	61.9056	1816
10286	4.0685	1388
10283	1.9999	1047

Top tissues by expression

295 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	98.40	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	97.57	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	97.44	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	97.11	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	96.81	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	96.64	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	96.41	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	96.34	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	96.27	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	96.25	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	96.11	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	96.09	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	96.00	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	95.97	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	95.92	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	95.91	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	95.89	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	95.84	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	95.61	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	95.56	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	95.50	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	95.44	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	95.36	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	95.31	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	95.26	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	95.25	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	95.24	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	95.22	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	95.20	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	95.19	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 10 experiment(s), a significant marker in 9.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-HCAD-8	yes	56.48
E-MTAB-9467	yes	47.44
E-HCAD-1	yes	42.40
E-CURD-122	yes	22.94
E-CURD-46	yes	19.61
E-HCAD-9	yes	15.76
E-MTAB-8271	yes	10.57
E-MTAB-10553	yes	8.37
E-CURD-84	no	543.46
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

31 targeting SRM, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3689D	100.00	66.14	1181
HSA-MIR-6851-5P	100.00	65.63	1294
HSA-MIR-141-3P	99.94	72.79	2421
HSA-MIR-200A-3P	99.94	72.68	2420
HSA-MIR-605-3P	99.88	69.22	1833
HSA-MIR-3714	99.71	70.74	2671
HSA-MIR-4530	99.69	66.47	1509
HSA-MIR-6132	99.60	65.83	1554
HSA-MIR-6836-5P	99.60	65.62	1538
HSA-MIR-4672	99.50	71.58	2893
HSA-MIR-4688	99.48	64.68	828
HSA-MIR-6743-5P	99.48	63.60	721
HSA-MIR-194-5P	99.01	69.65	1465
HSA-MIR-3619-5P	99.00	68.87	2308
HSA-MIR-1207-3P	98.99	66.22	1532
HSA-MIR-214-3P	98.71	68.12	2128
HSA-MIR-761	98.71	68.07	2051
HSA-MIR-423-5P	98.69	67.48	1522
HSA-MIR-7155-5P	98.65	66.14	1290
HSA-MIR-4700-5P	98.63	67.43	1915
HSA-MIR-3184-5P	98.56	67.13	1491
HSA-MIR-4718	98.55	68.61	814
HSA-MIR-637	97.91	64.05	1517
HSA-MIR-8089	97.74	66.21	1698
HSA-MIR-4667-5P	97.61	66.67	1683
HSA-MIR-4642	97.52	67.60	916
HSA-MIR-7855-5P	97.39	67.18	925
HSA-MIR-541-3P	96.07	66.11	1271
HSA-MIR-654-5P	96.07	66.18	1280
HSA-MIR-4649-5P	93.02	63.85	141

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• Comparison of the structure of the human spermidine synthase with the known structure of T. maritima spermidine synthase provides a general mechanistic hypothesis for the aminopropyl transfer reaction. (PMID:17585781)
• The potential role of c-MYC and polyamine metabolism in multiple drug resistance in bladder cancer investigated by metabonomics. (PMID:34843906)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	srm	ENSDARG00000055760
mus_musculus	Srm	ENSMUSG00000006442
rattus_norvegicus	LOC120101528	ENSRNOG00000070709
drosophila_melanogaster	SpdS	FBGN0037723
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00012909

Paralogs (1): SMS (ENSG00000102172)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Spermidine synthase — P19623 (reviewed: P19623)

Alternative names: Putrescine aminopropyltransferase

All UniProt accessions (5): P19623, K7EKM4, K7EL89, K7EQ47, K7ESL0

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Catalyzes the production of spermidine from putrescine and decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine (dcSAM). Has a strong preference for putrescine as substrate, and has very low activity towards 1,3-diaminopropane. Has extremely low activity towards spermidine.

Subunit / interactions. Homodimer or homotetramer.

Activity regulation. The activity is thought to be regulated mainly by the availability of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine.

Pathway. Amine and polyamine biosynthesis; spermidine biosynthesis; spermidine from putrescine: step 1/1.

Similarity. Belongs to the spermidine/spermine synthase family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_003123* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001045	Spermi_synthase	Family
IPR029063	SAM-dependent_MTases_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR030373	PABS_CS	Conserved_site
IPR030374	PABS	Domain
IPR030668	Spermi_synthase_euk	Family
IPR035246	Spermidine_synt_N	Domain
IPR037163	Spermidine_synt_N_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF01564, PF17284

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 2.5.1.16 — spermidine synthase (BRENDA: 44 organisms, 77 substrates, 170 inhibitors, 49 Km, 22 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

6 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 6. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
1,4-DIAMINOBUTANE	0.012–0.2	15
S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINAMINE	0.0001–0.111	12
PUTRESCINE	0.019–0.205	7
S-ADENOSYL-3-METHYLTHIO-1-PROPYLAMINE	0.0003–0.007	6
S-ADENOSYL-(5’)-3-METHYLTHIO-1-PROPYLAMINE	0.0004–1.1	4
S-ADENOSYL 3-(METHYLSULFANYL)PROPYLAMINE	0.02	1

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine + putrescine = S-methyl-5’-thioadenosine + spermidine + H(+) (RHEA:12721)

UniProt features (44 total): strand 14, helix 13, binding site 9, turn 2, chain 1, domain 1, modified residue 1, sequence variant 1, sequence conflict 1, active site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

6 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
2O07	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.89
9Q41	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.95
2O0L	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.99
2O05	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2
2O06	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2
3RW9	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P19623-F1	94.64	0.91

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 173 (proton acceptor)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (9): 173; 241; 49; 79; 80; 104; 124; 155–156; 173–176

Post-translational modifications (1): 1

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-351202	Metabolism of polyamines
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-71291	Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives

MSigDB gene sets: 238 (showing top): ELVIDGE_HYPOXIA_DN, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_PEPTIDE, KEGG_CYSTEINE_AND_METHIONINE_METABOLISM, DARWICHE_SKIN_TUMOR_PROMOTER_UP, DARWICHE_PAPILLOMA_RISK_LOW_UP, DARWICHE_PAPILLOMA_RISK_HIGH_UP, DARWICHE_SQUAMOUS_CELL_CARCINOMA_UP, MONNIER_POSTRADIATION_TUMOR_ESCAPE_UP, WEI_MYCN_TARGETS_WITH_E_BOX, SCHUHMACHER_MYC_TARGETS_UP, GOBP_POLYAMINE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, CREIGHTON_ENDOCRINE_THERAPY_RESISTANCE_1, GROSS_HYPOXIA_VIA_HIF1A_UP, MORF_BUB3, DACOSTA_UV_RESPONSE_VIA_ERCC3_COMMON_UP

GO Biological Process (4): polyamine metabolic process (GO:0006595), spermidine biosynthetic process (GO:0008295), cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor (GO:1990830), polyamine biosynthetic process (GO:0006596)

GO Molecular Function (6): spermidine synthase activity (GO:0004766), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803), catalytic activity (GO:0003824), protein binding (GO:0005515), transferase activity (GO:0016740)

GO Cellular Component (1): cytosol (GO:0005829)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives	1
Metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
biogenic amine metabolic process	1
polyamine biosynthetic process	1
spermidine metabolic process	1
cellular response to cytokine stimulus	1
response to leukemia inhibitory factor	1
polyamine metabolic process	1
biogenic amine biosynthetic process	1
transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups	1
protein binding	1
identical protein binding	1
protein dimerization activity	1
molecular_function	1
binding	1
catalytic activity	1
cytoplasm	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2172 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
SRM	ODC1	P11926	983
SRM	PAOX	Q6QHF9	821
SRM	AZIN2	Q96A70	805
SRM	SMOX	Q9NWM0	776
SRM	SAT1	P21673	741
SRM	AGMAT	Q9BSE5	715
SRM	ARG2	P78540	709
SRM	DHPS	P49366	691
SRM	ARG1	P05089	665
SRM	OAT	P04181	665
SRM	DOHH	Q9BU89	665
SRM	MTAP	Q13126	625
SRM	ASL	P04424	622
SRM	ASS1	P00966	603
SRM	SMS	P52788	599

IntAct

44 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
SRM	SRM	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.810
SRM	SRM	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.810
CFTR	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.710
VCAM1	PSMD11	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SRM	TERF1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
EFHC1	SRM	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.510
SRM	MTUS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
SOX12	SRM	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
OTUB1	EPM2A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LRRK2		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
DMWD	P4HA2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
P		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
M		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ZDHHC5	HACD3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
DDA1	PGK1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ITM2B	ILVBL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ATG16L1	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
VCAM1		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PIDD1	IPO5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ATF3	TMEM223	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
STAT3	NACA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CFTR	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
BUD13	RPSA2	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270

BioGRID (86): SRM (Affinity Capture-RNA), SRM (Affinity Capture-RNA), SRM (Affinity Capture-MS), CRK (Co-fractionation), HK2 (Co-fractionation), SRM (Co-fractionation), SRM (Co-fractionation), SRM (Co-fractionation), SRM (Co-fractionation), TIPRL (Co-fractionation), SRM (Affinity Capture-MS), SRM (Affinity Capture-MS), SRM (Affinity Capture-MS), SRM (Affinity Capture-MS), SRM (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0JNU3, A1A4L8, A2APY7, A2AV36, A5GFY8, A5GFZ6, A6H791, A7MBC0, A7YW45, B2GV71, B5DPF1, D4A1R8, O14744, O88202, O95396, O95571, P19623, P31754, P43353, Q28HC6, Q3KRD0, Q3T094, Q4QR99, Q4R5M3, Q5BJY6, Q5R698, Q5ZKI2, Q64674, Q66JK4, Q6AY46, Q6NS21, Q6NUA1, Q7SYK1, Q80XC2, Q86U10, Q8C166, Q8CIG8, Q8GWT4, Q8JZV7, Q96FX7

Diamond homologs: A0A314LG79, A3DDA0, A4W6M6, A4XKM9, A5IJD3, A5N219, A6M1N9, A6T4R6, A6TRI3, A7GVB2, A7ZHL0, A7ZW70, A8ALG8, A8MLM9, A9KQ99, A9MPN3, A9MZR2, A9VSG3, B0K172, B0K9I5, B0SI93, B0STV8, B1I5Z0, B1IQL9, B1XC96, B2TMY2, B2V328, B4SU91, B4TJD2, B4TXL7, B4U8W2, B5BL97, B5F815, B5FIB4, B5R2R5, B5RHA5, B5Y1R1, B6HZ96, B7LFY8, B7M162

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

40 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	27
Likely benign	1
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1007 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
1:11054957:CCCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11054958:CCAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11054959:CACCT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11054960:A:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11054961:C:CA	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11055083:CT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:11055085:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:11055098:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:11055775:TCTCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11055776:CTCAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11055777:TCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11055778:CACCG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11055779:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:11055779:ACCG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11055780:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:11055922:CTCGC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:11056005:GCTCA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11056006:CTCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11056007:TCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11056008:CAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11056009:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:11056009:A:AG	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11056009:AC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
1:11056010:C:A	donor_loss	1.0000
1:11056010:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:11056010:CC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:11056034:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
1:11056090:GGGGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:11056091:GGGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:11056092:GGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

1989 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
1:11056075:G:C	F185L	1.000
1:11056075:G:T	F185L	1.000
1:11056077:A:G	F185L	1.000
1:11056621:T:A	D173V	1.000
1:11055806:C:T	G247D	0.999
1:11055807:C:G	G247R	0.999
1:11055815:C:T	G244D	0.999
1:11055915:A:G	W211R	0.999
1:11055915:A:T	W211R	0.999
1:11056620:G:C	D173E	0.999
1:11056620:G:T	D173E	0.999
1:11056621:T:C	D173G	0.999
1:11056621:T:G	D173A	0.999
1:11056622:C:A	D173Y	0.999
1:11056622:C:G	D173H	0.999
1:11058879:C:T	G101E	0.999
1:11058888:A:G	L98P	0.999
1:11054971:A:C	F293L	0.998
1:11054971:A:T	F293L	0.998
1:11054973:A:G	F293L	0.998
1:11055806:C:A	G247V	0.998
1:11055825:A:G	Y241H	0.998
1:11055913:C:A	W211C	0.998
1:11055913:C:G	W211C	0.998
1:11056011:C:G	G207R	0.998
1:11056040:A:G	L197P	0.998
1:11056040:A:T	L197H	0.998
1:11056077:A:T	F185I	0.998
1:11058867:C:T	G105E	0.998
1:11059278:A:G	Y79H	0.998

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000416974 (1:11055970 C>T), RS1001030484 (1:11057272 C>A,G,T), RS1001310289 (1:11061461 A>C), RS1001482683 (1:11057471 T>A), RS1001509124 (1:11056880 TTTA>T), RS1001769013 (1:11061794 T>G), RS1001858323 (1:11057004 G>A), RS1002450238 (1:11061495 A>ACAGGGGCT), RS1003232507 (1:11059998 C>A,T), RS1003455393 (1:11060164 C>G,T), RS1003456396 (1:11060468 A>G), RS1003527539 (1:11055672 C>A), RS1004359519 (1:11055658 G>A,T), RS1004826462 (1:11057570 A>G), RS1004868107 (1:11060745 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:182891 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

3 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST003475_1	Beard thickness	4.000000e-07
GCST90013663_64	Alanine aminotransferase levels	3.000000e-13
GCST90013664_94	Aspartate aminotransferase levels	1.000000e-10

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004736	aspartate aminotransferase measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL4232 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

1 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 1,538 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL1232461	MOLIBRESIB	2	1,538

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

9 potent at pChembl≥5 of 10 total, top 9 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
8.52	IC50	3	nM	CHEMBL608868
7.85	IC50	14	nM	CHEMBL608868
7.70	IC50	20	nM	CHEMBL605227
6.68	Kd	210.7	nM	CHEMBL5653589
6.68	ED50	210.7	nM	CHEMBL5653589
6.60	IC50	250	nM	CHEMBL330673
6.30	IC50	500	nM	CHEMBL2021377
5.92	IC50	1200	nM	CHEMBL2021378
5.41	IC50	3900	nM	MOLIBRESIB

PubChem BioAssay actives

8 with measured affinity, of 28 total; 7 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
(2R,3S,4R)-2-[5-amino-3-(4-aminobutylamino)pentyl]-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolane-3,4-diol	162819: Inhibition of prokaryotic Escherichia coli Putrescine aminopropyltransferase was determined	ic50	0.0030	uM
(2S,3S,4R)-2-[[1-amino-8-(3-aminopropylamino)octan-3-yl]sulfanylmethyl]-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolane-3,4-diol	203897: Inhibition of spermine synthase activity in rat ventral prostate was evaluated at 100 uM	ic50	0.0200	uM
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide	2149482: Binding affinity to human SRM incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	kd	0.2107	uM
(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(1,8-diaminooctan-3-ylsulfanylmethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol	162818: Inhibition of prokaryotic Escherichia coli Putrescine aminopropyltransferase was determined	ic50	0.2500	uM
(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-[[(3R)-1,8-diaminooctan-3-yl]sulfanylmethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol	203871: Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of Spermidine synthase from Escherichia coli and expressed as I50 in uM	ic50	0.5000	uM
(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-[[(3S)-1,8-diaminooctan-3-yl]sulfanylmethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol	203871: Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of Spermidine synthase from Escherichia coli and expressed as I50 in uM	ic50	1.2000	uM
2-[(4S)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-4-yl]-N-ethylacetamide	2178704: Inhibition of SRM (unknown origin) incubated for 1 hr by colloidal coomassie staining based LC-MS/MS analysis	ic50	3.9000	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

69 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	affects expression, decreases expression, increases methylation	5
sodium arsenite	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	5
Tretinoin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	3
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression, decreases reaction	2
Estradiol	increases expression	2
Nickel	increases expression	2
Silicon Dioxide	decreases methylation, increases expression	2
Valproic Acid	increases expression, increases methylation	2
Cyclosporine	increases expression	2
TAK-243	increases sumoylation	1
dicrotophos	increases expression	1
bismuth tripotassium dicitrate	increases expression	1
beauvericin	decreases expression	1
alpha phellandrene	decreases expression	1
afimoxifene	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
zinc chloride	decreases expression, decreases reaction	1
cypermethrin	increases expression	1
manganese chloride	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	1
ochratoxin A	increases expression	1
2,3-bis(3’-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	increases expression	1
azoxystrobin	increases expression	1
K 7174	decreases expression	1
4-chloro-N-((4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl)methyl)-3-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide	increases expression	1
nutlin 3	increases secretion, affects cotreatment	1
14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide	decreases expression	1
2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-4-morpholin-4-ylthieno(3,2-d)pyrimidine	decreases expression, increases response to substance	1
bisphenol S	increases expression	1
NSC 689534	decreases expression, affects binding	1

ChEMBL screening assays

23 unique, capped per target: 23 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1101769	Binding	Inhibition of Srm at 10 uM	Discovery of N-substituted pyridinones as potent and selective inhibitors of p38 kinase. — Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.