ST8SIA3

gene
On this page

Summary

ST8SIA3 (ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 3, HGNC:14269) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 18q21.31, encoding Alpha-N-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase ST8SIA3 (O43173). Catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from a CMP-linked sialic acid donor onto a terminal alpha-2,3-, alpha-2,6-, or alpha-2,8-linked sialic acid of an acceptor, such as N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins and glycolipids through alpha-2,8-linkages.

Enables alpha-N-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase activity and identical protein binding activity. Involved in several processes, including ganglioside biosynthetic process; glycoprotein metabolic process; and sialylation. Predicted to be located in Golgi membrane.

Source: NCBI Gene 51046 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 2
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 38 total
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_015879

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:14269
Approved symbolST8SIA3
NameST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 3
Location18q21.31
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
Ensembl geneENSG00000177511
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM609478
Entrez51046

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 3 — 2 protein_coding, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000324000, ENST00000586360, ENST00000590600

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_015879 NM_015879

CCDS: CCDS32834

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000324000 — 4 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000012458665735691357357470
ENSE000012458745735440257354524
ENSE000012458795735255757353025
ENSE000012458895735999557368931

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 143 present calls, max score 97.89.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 10.6708 / max 1349.2397, expressed in 260 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (10 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
1703516.8798195
1703531.5874180
1703500.8941127
1703540.4303104
1703520.250178
1703470.226379
1703560.138764
1703480.102139
1703550.089552
1703490.072435

Top tissues by expression

272 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
middle temporal gyrusUBERON:000277197.89gold quality
caudate nucleusUBERON:000187397.59gold quality
nucleus accumbensUBERON:000188297.34gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23UBERON:001355496.98gold quality
putamenUBERON:000187496.96gold quality
right frontal lobeUBERON:000281095.80gold quality
primary visual cortexUBERON:000243695.77gold quality
amygdalaUBERON:000187694.36gold quality
superior frontal gyrusUBERON:000266194.32gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortexUBERON:000983494.25gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellumUBERON:001489094.19gold quality
cerebellar hemisphereUBERON:000224594.03gold quality
cerebellar cortexUBERON:000212993.95gold quality
postcentral gyrusUBERON:000258193.74gold quality
temporal lobeUBERON:000187193.28gold quality
entorhinal cortexUBERON:000272893.23gold quality
Ammon’s hornUBERON:000195493.13gold quality
prefrontal cortexUBERON:000045192.97gold quality
cingulate cortexUBERON:000302792.71gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9UBERON:001354092.71gold quality
parietal lobeUBERON:000187292.63gold quality
telencephalonUBERON:000189392.55gold quality
anterior cingulate cortexUBERON:000983592.46gold quality
cerebellumUBERON:000203791.76gold quality
forebrainUBERON:000189091.61gold quality
frontal cortexUBERON:000187091.56gold quality
cerebral cortexUBERON:000095691.54gold quality
occipital lobeUBERON:000202191.36gold quality
neocortexUBERON:000195091.11gold quality
lateral globus pallidusUBERON:000247690.58gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes5.04

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

325 targeting ST8SIA3, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4795-3P100.0074.624024
HSA-MIR-126-5P100.0072.713180
HSA-MIR-4425100.0067.591049
HSA-MIR-4692100.0067.322066
HSA-MIR-4713-3P100.0065.92505
HSA-MIR-5011-5P100.0083.465820
HSA-MIR-4668-3P100.0068.742635
HSA-MIR-3163100.0077.238605
HSA-MIR-4262100.0073.263931
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P100.0069.331837
HSA-MIR-428299.9975.366408
HSA-MIR-453499.9966.581907
HSA-MIR-548C-3P99.9974.017587
HSA-MIR-366299.9973.825684
HSA-MIR-3667-3P99.9967.171636
HSA-MIR-513B-5P99.9969.962150
HSA-MIR-453199.9969.703181
HSA-MIR-451499.9967.101870
HSA-MIR-4789-3P99.9970.752484
HSA-MIR-186-5P99.9970.833707
HSA-MIR-181A-5P99.9972.962995
HSA-MIR-181B-5P99.9972.972996
HSA-MIR-181C-5P99.9972.952996
HSA-MIR-181D-5P99.9973.042997
HSA-MIR-19A-3P99.9875.332762
HSA-MIR-19B-3P99.9875.442754
HSA-MIR-477599.9875.006394
HSA-MIR-548P99.9872.253784
HSA-LET-7F-2-3P99.9870.982588
HSA-MIR-1185-1-3P99.9871.042593

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

  • These results suggest that the expression of hST8Sia III gene via the PI-3K signaling pathway is enhanced during KCl-induced differentiation of U-87 cells by increasing expression of beta-tubulin III. (PMID:16643848)
  • Data indicate that the crystal structure of ST8SiaIII sialyltransferase show a cluster of polysialyltransferase-specific structural motifs that provide an extended electropositive surface groove for binding of oligo-polysialic acid chain products. (PMID:26192331)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriost8sia3ENSDARG00000045301
mus_musculusSt8sia3ENSMUSG00000056812
rattus_norvegicusSt8sia3ENSRNOG00000018305

Paralogs (5): ST8SIA5 (ENSG00000101638), ST8SIA1 (ENSG00000111728), ST8SIA4 (ENSG00000113532), ST8SIA2 (ENSG00000140557), ST8SIA6 (ENSG00000148488)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Alpha-N-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase ST8SIA3O43173 (reviewed: O43173)

Alternative names: Alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 8C, Alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase III, Ganglioside GD3 synthase ST8SIA3, ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 3, Sia-a2,3-Gal-b1,4-Glc-NAc-R:a2,8-sialyltransferase, Sialyltransferase 8C, Sialyltransferase St8Sia III

All UniProt accessions (2): O43173, K7EQB3

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from a CMP-linked sialic acid donor onto a terminal alpha-2,3-, alpha-2,6-, or alpha-2,8-linked sialic acid of an acceptor, such as N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins and glycolipids through alpha-2,8-linkages. Forms oligosialic and polysialic acid on various sialylated N-acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, including FETUB N-glycans, a2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG) and alpha 2,3-sialylated glycosphingolipids, such as alpha 2,3-sialylparagloboside and ganglioside GM3 and to a lesser extent NCAM1 N-glycans. However, it is much more specific to N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins than glycosphingolipids. 2,3-sialylparagloboside serves as the best acceptor substrate among the glycolipids. alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-6S-D-GlcNAc and monosialyl and disialyl N-acetyllactosamines are the best acceptor substrates among glycoproteins. May plays critical role in the striatum by mediating the formation of disialylated and trisialylated terminal glycotopes on N- and O-glycans of specific striatal proteins, regulating their distribution in lipid rafts, affecting their interaction with other binding partners, and subsequently modulating striatal functions.

Subunit / interactions. Homodimer.

Subcellular location. Golgi apparatus membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in fetal and adult brain and fetal liver.

Post-translational modifications. Autopolysialylated.

Pathway. Protein modification; protein glycosylation.

Similarity. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_056963* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR001675Glyco_trans_29Family
IPR012163Sialyl_transFamily
IPR038578GT29-like_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR050943Glycosyltr_29_SialyltrsfFamily

Pfam: PF00777

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

  • EC 2.4.99.8 — alpha-N-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase (BRENDA: 0 organisms, 0 substrates, 0 inhibitors, 0 Km, 0 kcat entries)

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 6 shown:

  • an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl derivative + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl derivative + CMP + H(+) (RHEA:19313)
  • a ganglioside GM3 (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD3 (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+) (RHEA:41760)
  • a ganglioside GM3 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD3 + CMP + H(+) (RHEA:48288)
  • N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl-(2->8) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl-(2->8) + CMP + H(+) (RHEA:77367)
  • an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl derivative + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = an alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc derivative + CMP + H(+) (RHEA:77387)
  • alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-6S-D-GlcNAc + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-6S-D-GlcNAc + CMP + H(+) (RHEA:77391)

UniProt features (55 total): helix 16, strand 9, binding site 8, glycosylation site 4, turn 4, mutagenesis site 3, sequence conflict 3, topological domain 2, disulfide bond 2, chain 1, sequence variant 1, transmembrane region 1, active site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

5 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
5BO7X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.85
5BO6X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.07
5CXYX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.15
5BO9X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.3
5BO8X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.7

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-O43173-F186.770.74

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 354 (proton donor/acceptor)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (8): 322; 336; 337; 167; 190; 300; 301; 302

Disulfide bonds (2): 162–313, 176–379

Glycosylation sites (4): 93, 113, 160, 206

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (3):

PositionPhenotype
190loss of alpha-n-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase activity.
337loss of alpha-n-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase activity.
354abolishes enzyme activity.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

9 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-4085001Sialic acid metabolism
R-HSA-975577N-Glycan antennae elongation
R-HSA-392499Metabolism of proteins
R-HSA-446193Biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor (dolichol lipid-linked oligosaccharide, LLO) and transfer to a nascent protein
R-HSA-446203Asparagine N-linked glycosylation
R-HSA-446219Synthesis of substrates in N-glycan biosythesis
R-HSA-597592Post-translational protein modification
R-HSA-948021Transport to the Golgi and subsequent modification
R-HSA-975576N-glycan antennae elongation in the medial/trans-Golgi

MSigDB gene sets: 165 (showing top): GOBP_OLIGOSACCHARIDE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_N_GLYCAN_PROCESSING, GOBP_GLYCOLIPID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_PROTEIN_N_LINKED_GLYCOSYLATION, LHX3_01, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_CERAMIDE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_SPHINGOLIPID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_AMIDE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, BRN2_01, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_AMIDE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_GANGLIOSIDE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS

GO Biological Process (8): ganglioside biosynthetic process (GO:0001574), N-glycan processing (GO:0006491), glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process (GO:0006688), glycoprotein metabolic process (GO:0009100), glycoprotein biosynthetic process (GO:0009101), oligosaccharide metabolic process (GO:0009311), sialylation (GO:0097503), obsolete protein glycosylation (GO:0006486)

GO Molecular Function (6): alpha-N-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase activity (GO:0003828), sialic acid binding (GO:0033691), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), sialyltransferase activity (GO:0008373), transferase activity (GO:0016740), glycosyltransferase activity (GO:0016757)

GO Cellular Component (3): Golgi membrane (GO:0000139), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-7 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Asparagine N-linked glycosylation2
Synthesis of substrates in N-glycan biosythesis1
N-glycan antennae elongation in the medial/trans-Golgi1
Post-translational protein modification1
Biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor (dolichol lipid-linked oligosaccharide, LLO) and transfer to a nascent protein1
Metabolism of proteins1
Transport to the Golgi and subsequent modification1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
ganglioside metabolic process1
glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process1
ceramide biosynthetic process1
protein N-linked glycosylation1
glycoprotein biosynthetic process1
glycosphingolipid metabolic process1
glycolipid biosynthetic process1
sphingolipid biosynthetic process1
protein metabolic process1
carbohydrate derivative metabolic process1
macromolecule biosynthetic process1
glycoprotein metabolic process1
carbohydrate derivative biosynthetic process1
carbohydrate metabolic process1
macromolecule modification1
sialyltransferase activity1
carboxylic acid binding1
carbohydrate derivative binding1
protein binding1
glycosyltransferase activity1
catalytic activity1
transferase activity1
Golgi apparatus1
bounding membrane of organelle1
cytoplasm1
endomembrane system1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
cellular anatomical structure1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1419 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
ST8SIA3NCAM1P13591778
ST8SIA3DEFB112Q30KQ8475
ST8SIA3MGAT5BQ3V5L5414
ST8SIA3ACCSLQ4AC99411
ST8SIA3CCER2I3L3R5408
ST8SIA3RIPOR2Q9Y4F9404
ST8SIA3NEU4Q8WWR8402
ST8SIA3B3GALT4O96024390
ST8SIA3B3GNT8Q7Z7M8389
ST8SIA3CELSR1Q9NYQ6387
ST8SIA3GALNT4Q8N4A0387
ST8SIA3DENND5BQ6ZUT9386
ST8SIA3SRD5A2P31213384
ST8SIA3B4GALT2O60909383
ST8SIA3GALNT6Q8NCL4379

IntAct

8 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
ST8SIA3ST8SIA3psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.620
ST8SIA3KLRG2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
ST8SIA3B3GAT3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350

BioGRID (31): KLRG2 (Affinity Capture-MS), UBA52 (Affinity Capture-MS), YTHDF1 (Affinity Capture-MS), NRP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMEM11 (Affinity Capture-MS), ITGB5 (Affinity Capture-MS), AMIGO1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ACP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), DNAJB9 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC30A6 (Affinity Capture-MS), CANX (Affinity Capture-MS), NRP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), DNAJB9 (Affinity Capture-MS), PRKACG (Affinity Capture-MS), KLRG2 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0ZSE6, A0ZT23, A4KX75, A5PLH4, A7MB71, F4IAL1, G0SDN0, O43173, P09534, P25656, P34389, P38566, P42838, P51578, P53740, P61644, P86091, Q09884, Q10351, Q17678, Q1MTQ5, Q25197, Q25410, Q2T9P5, Q3TT99, Q64663, Q64689, Q66KL4, Q6DE06, Q6ZXC8, Q7RTY8, Q86XS5, Q8BIK6, Q8IA41, Q8IA44, Q91VE2, Q94316, Q95JK4, Q96WW4, Q99572

Diamond homologs: A2WX64, A2XVC2, A2ZI41, A5D7T4, O35696, O43173, P61132, P61643, P61644, P61645, P97325, Q02734, Q07977, Q11203, Q2QXM3, Q5K027, Q5QQ37, Q64689, Q64690, Q64692, Q6ZXC9, Q701R0, Q701R1, Q701R2, Q701R3, Q701R4, Q76K27, Q7FA29, Q92183, Q92186, Q92187, Q94DD4, Q96JF0, Q9SGD2, Q9UJ37, Q16842, Q2R2B1, Q6KB58, Q6ZH45, Q8VZJ0

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

38 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance37
Likely benign0
Benign0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

733 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
18:57360128:G:Tdonor_gain1.0000
18:57353024:CGGT:Cdonor_loss0.9900
18:57353026:G:Adonor_loss0.9900
18:57353027:TGAG:Tdonor_loss0.9900
18:57353028:GAGT:Gdonor_loss0.9900
18:57360128:G:GTdonor_gain0.9900
18:57360207:C:Gdonor_gain0.9900
18:57353026:G:GGdonor_gain0.9800
18:57357178:A:AGacceptor_gain0.9800
18:57360162:G:GTdonor_gain0.9800
18:57356551:TGAG:Tacceptor_gain0.9700
18:57360291:A:Tdonor_gain0.9700
18:57356552:GAGC:Gacceptor_gain0.9400
18:57357384:GACA:Gdonor_gain0.9400
18:57368565:GAA:Gacceptor_gain0.9300
18:57356554:G:Tacceptor_gain0.9200
18:57358295:A:Gacceptor_gain0.9200
18:57360239:G:GTdonor_gain0.9200
18:57360239:G:Tdonor_gain0.9200
18:57353923:G:GTdonor_gain0.9100
18:57356598:C:Gacceptor_gain0.9100
18:57356599:A:AGacceptor_gain0.9100
18:57357288:GGACC:Gdonor_gain0.9100
18:57357289:GACCG:Gdonor_gain0.9100
18:57353883:G:GGdonor_gain0.9000
18:57357179:A:Gacceptor_gain0.9000
18:57352975:G:GGdonor_gain0.8900
18:57353878:GCGGA:Gdonor_gain0.8900
18:57357290:A:Tdonor_gain0.8800
18:57360206:GC:Gdonor_gain0.8700

AlphaMissense

2514 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
18:57357094:T:AC162S1.000
18:57357094:T:CC162R1.000
18:57357095:G:AC162Y1.000
18:57357095:G:CC162S1.000
18:57357096:T:GC162W1.000
18:57357104:T:AV165D1.000
18:57357106:G:AG166R1.000
18:57357106:G:CG166R1.000
18:57357107:G:AG166E1.000
18:57357107:G:TG166V1.000
18:57357111:T:AN167K1.000
18:57357111:T:GN167K1.000
18:57357113:G:TS168I1.000
18:57357115:G:TG169W1.000
18:57357116:G:AG169E1.000
18:57357122:T:CL171P1.000
18:57357180:T:AN190K1.000
18:57357180:T:GN190K1.000
18:57357185:C:AA192D1.000
18:57357215:G:AG202E1.000
18:57357215:G:TG202V1.000
18:57357241:A:GN211D1.000
18:57357243:C:AN211K1.000
18:57357243:C:GN211K1.000
18:57357275:T:CL222P1.000
18:57357293:G:CR228P1.000
18:57357340:T:AW244R1.000
18:57357340:T:CW244R1.000
18:57359999:T:AW289R1.000
18:57359999:T:CW289R1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000017593 (18:57356728 A>G), RS1000180448 (18:57360228 G>A), RS1000232862 (18:57359811 G>A), RS1000242604 (18:57359583 T>A), RS1000553346 (18:57352508 G>A,C), RS1000572476 (18:57353497 C>T), RS1000746688 (18:57367120 G>A), RS1000781741 (18:57358743 G>A), RS1000856600 (18:57364874 A>C,G), RS1001184773 (18:57353602 G>A), RS1001273892 (18:57367189 A>G), RS1001580798 (18:57367475 C>G,T), RS1001779293 (18:57360287 A>G), RS1002022554 (18:57353934 G>A), RS1002221055 (18:57351264 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:609478 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST007615_45C-reactive protein levels5.000000e-10
GCST008522_88Bitter alcoholic beverage consumption6.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004458C-reactive protein measurement
EFO:0010092bitter alcoholic beverage consumption measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

16 total (human), top 16 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Valproic Acidaffects cotreatment, increases expression, affects expression7
pirinixic acidaffects binding, decreases expression, increases activity1
titanium dioxideincreases methylation1
trichostatin Aincreases expression1
arseniteincreases methylation1
CGP 52608affects binding, increases reaction1
pyrazolanthroneincreases expression, decreases reaction1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideincreases expression, affects cotreatment1
dorsomorphinaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
(+)-JQ1 compoundaffects expression, increases reaction1
Panobinostataffects expression, increases reaction1
Acetaminophendecreases expression1
Benzo(a)pyreneincreases methylation, affects methylation1
Rotenonedecreases expression1
Tretinoindecreases reaction, increases expression1
Aflatoxin B1decreases methylation1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.