STARD9

Summary

STARD9 (StAR related lipid transfer domain containing 9, HGNC:19162) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 15q15.2, encoding StAR-related lipid transfer protein 9 (Q9P2P6). Microtubule-dependent motor protein required for spindle pole assembly during mitosis.

Enables microtubule binding activity and microtubule motor activity. Involved in spindle assembly. Located in centriole; cytoplasm; and nucleus.

Source: NCBI Gene 57519 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 6
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 979 total
• Dosage sensitivity (ClinGen): haploinsufficiency no evidence, triplosensitivity no evidence
• MANE Select transcript: NM_020759

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:19162
Approved symbol	STARD9
Name	StAR related lipid transfer domain containing 9
Location	15q15.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	KIAA1300, KIF16A
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000159433
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	614642
Entrez	57519

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 7 — 4 retained_intron, 2 protein_coding, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000290607, ENST00000562139, ENST00000562619, ENST00000563872, ENST00000564158, ENST00000568493, ENST00000569419

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_020759 NM_020759

CCDS: CCDS53935

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000290607 — 33 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001045541	42719473	42720998
ENSE00001045542	42717977	42718179
ENSE00001107757	42684116	42694342
ENSE00001107761	42694528	42694725
ENSE00001538718	42663281	42663490
ENSE00001652706	42674827	42674964
ENSE00001715342	42663820	42663917
ENSE00001755086	42675664	42675746
ENSE00001768129	42669158	42669337
ENSE00001795371	42682104	42682575
ENSE00002290544	42674440	42674491
ENSE00003462744	42716677	42716764
ENSE00003466535	42575606	42575762
ENSE00003468339	42638026	42638087
ENSE00003477374	42651016	42651085
ENSE00003483661	42681422	42681612
ENSE00003527376	42716927	42717048
ENSE00003534178	42634856	42634972
ENSE00003539989	42662794	42662891
ENSE00003540776	42585521	42585637
ENSE00003557368	42675872	42675975
ENSE00003563465	42661158	42661225
ENSE00003577239	42638700	42638812
ENSE00003578130	42717731	42717795
ENSE00003604217	42665786	42665848
ENSE00003626333	42718435	42718514
ENSE00003631670	42652520	42652592
ENSE00003647686	42718752	42718910
ENSE00003655324	42665253	42665330
ENSE00003657871	42583346	42583415
ENSE00003660907	42695743	42695880
ENSE00003686645	42637907	42637939
ENSE00003689778	42695140	42695323

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 218 present calls, max score 98.01.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 3.8722 / max 97.1269, expressed in 1185 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
146280	1.1343	453
146281	0.7815	291
146279	0.7411	415
146278	0.7054	387
146277	0.5099	284

Top tissues by expression

254 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	98.01	gold quality
tendon of biceps brachii	UBERON:0008188	97.22	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	92.18	gold quality
tendon	UBERON:0000043	91.49	gold quality
peripheral nervous system	UBERON:0000010	89.94	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	89.94	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	89.11	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	88.85	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	88.64	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	88.31	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	88.26	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	87.78	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	87.57	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	86.50	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	86.38	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	85.61	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	85.33	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	85.12	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	84.98	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	84.98	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	84.91	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	84.80	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	84.70	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	84.64	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	84.27	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	84.24	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	83.62	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	83.57	gold quality
medial globus pallidus	UBERON:0002477	83.49	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	83.29	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	7.41

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

74 targeting STARD9, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4510	100.00	66.60	2050
HSA-MIR-6127	100.00	66.76	2188
HSA-MIR-6129	100.00	66.46	2080
HSA-MIR-6130	100.00	66.69	2012
HSA-MIR-6133	100.00	66.48	2064
HSA-MIR-4500	99.99	72.72	2367
HSA-MIR-548AW	99.99	72.57	3559
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-LET-7A-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7B-5P	99.98	72.31	1790
HSA-LET-7C-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7E-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7F-5P	99.98	72.56	1784
HSA-LET-7G-5P	99.98	72.37	1784
HSA-LET-7I-5P	99.98	72.37	1788
HSA-MIR-98-5P	99.98	72.33	1787
HSA-MIR-548P	99.98	72.25	3784
HSA-MIR-507	99.97	70.11	1915
HSA-MIR-3065-5P	99.97	71.56	3281
HSA-MIR-3688-3P	99.97	72.02	2834
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-4458	99.96	71.64	1650
HSA-LET-7D-5P	99.96	71.76	1632
HSA-MIR-551B-5P	99.96	71.28	3493
HSA-MIR-450B-5P	99.92	71.48	3175
HSA-MIR-338-5P	99.92	72.34	2951
HSA-MIR-10527-5P	99.91	72.28	3754
HSA-MIR-589-3P	99.91	69.62	2088
HSA-MIR-548E-5P	99.89	72.73	4486
HSA-MIR-7162-3P	99.89	68.16	1682

Functional genomics

ClinGen dosage: haploinsufficiency 0 (no evidence), triplosensitivity 0 (no evidence). ClinGen Gene Dosage Map

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 4)

• Analysis of 592 mitotic microtubule copurifying proteins by functional RNAi screens for mitotic arrest, checkpoint bypass, and induction of apoptosis resulted in identification of a kinesin, STARD9, with a critical role in cancer cell division. (PMID:22153075)
• STARD9 could be regulated by Plk1 and SCFbeta-TrCP to promote proper mitotic spindle assembly. (PMID:25501367)
• STARD9 frame shift mutation is associated with abnormal spindle morphology in Intellectual disability. (PMID:28777490)
• STARD9 regulates the assembly and stability of both interphase and spindle microtubules. (PMID:30160609)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Protein identifiers

StAR-related lipid transfer protein 9 — Q9P2P6 (reviewed: Q9P2P6)

Alternative names: START domain-containing protein 9

All UniProt accessions (3): Q9P2P6, H3BMX7, H3BN21

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Microtubule-dependent motor protein required for spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Required to stabilize the pericentriolar material (PCM).

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with ATAD3A.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Microtubule organizing center. Centrosome. Centriole. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in the central nervous system, muscle cells (heart and skeletal muscle), pancreas, prostate and lung.

Similarity. Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9P2P6-1	1	yes
Q9P2P6-2	2
Q9P2P6-3	3

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_065810* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000253	FHA_dom	Domain
IPR001752	Kinesin_motor_dom	Domain
IPR002913	START_lipid-bd_dom	Domain
IPR008984	SMAD_FHA_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR019821	Kinesin_motor_CS	Conserved_site
IPR023393	START-like_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR027417	P-loop_NTPase	Homologous_superfamily
IPR036961	Kinesin_motor_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00225, PF00498, PF01852

UniProt features (83 total): region of interest 28, compositionally biased region 26, sequence variant 10, splice variant 5, sequence conflict 5, domain 3, mutagenesis site 2, chain 1, coiled-coil region 1, binding site 1, modified residue 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

No AlphaFold model available for Q9P2P6 — AlphaFold DB does not currently provide models for proteins above ~3000 aa.

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (1): 103–110

Post-translational modifications (1): 1203

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (2):

Position	Phenotype
110	reduced atpase activity.
223	reduced ability to bind microtubules.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 119 (showing top): MODULE_493, GOCC_MICROTUBULE_ORGANIZING_CENTER, GOMF_CYTOSKELETAL_MOTOR_ACTIVITY, SCHAEFFER_PROSTATE_DEVELOPMENT_48HR_DN, GOBP_ORGANELLE_ASSEMBLY, GOBP_SPINDLE_ASSEMBLY, GOCC_CENTRIOLE, GOBP_CELL_CYCLE_PROCESS, GOMF_CYTOSKELETAL_PROTEIN_BINDING, GOBP_SPINDLE_ORGANIZATION, GOMF_MICROTUBULE_MOTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_LIPID_BINDING, DODD_NASOPHARYNGEAL_CARCINOMA_DN, GOMF_ADENYL_NUCLEOTIDE_BINDING, GOMF_ISOMERASE_ACTIVITY

GO Biological Process (2): microtubule-based movement (GO:0007018), spindle assembly (GO:0051225)

GO Molecular Function (6): microtubule motor activity (GO:0003777), ATP binding (GO:0005524), microtubule binding (GO:0008017), lipid binding (GO:0008289), nucleotide binding (GO:0000166), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (4): nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), centriole (GO:0005814), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
binding	2
intracellular membraneless organelle	2
microtubule-based process	1
spindle organization	1
chromosome segregation	1
membraneless organelle assembly	1
cytoskeletal motor activity	1
polypeptide conformation or assembly isomerase activity	1
ATP-dependent activity	1
adenyl ribonucleotide binding	1
purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding	1
tubulin binding	1
nucleoside phosphate binding	1
heterocyclic compound binding	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
microtubule organizing center	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1312 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
STARD9	STARD10	Q9Y365	556
STARD9	STARD6	P59095	544
STARD9	STARD8	Q92502	543
STARD9	PCTP	Q9UKL6	508
STARD9	STARD5	P59094	494
STARD9	ACOT11	Q8WXI4	479
STARD9	DNHD1	Q96M86	462
STARD9	STARD7	Q9NQZ5	458
STARD9	SLCO1B7	G3V0H7	447
STARD9	PRSS53	Q2L4Q9	446
STARD9	LRRC57	Q8N9N7	441
STARD9	PCNX3	Q9H6A9	440
STARD9	STARD4	Q96DR4	432
STARD9	ZFYVE19	Q96K21	427
STARD9	ZNF782	Q6ZMW2	419

IntAct

18 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
MCL1	PRKAB2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
YWHAG	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.560
YWHAB	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
YWHAZ	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
STARD9	HNRNPA2B1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
STARD9	HNRNPA3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
STARD9	HNRNPA1L2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
STARD9	PPP1CC	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
NEK4	E2F8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ATAD3A	TMEM223	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
P		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
YWHAH	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
YWHAQ	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
INSR	RIMOC1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDK5RAP2	STARD9	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
HERPUD1	STARD9	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
NDUFA7	STARD9	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (52): STARD9 (Affinity Capture-MS), STARD9 (Affinity Capture-MS), STARD9 (Affinity Capture-MS), STARD9 (Affinity Capture-MS), STARD9 (Affinity Capture-RNA), STARD9 (Affinity Capture-RNA), STARD9 (Affinity Capture-MS), STARD9 (Synthetic Lethality), STARD9 (Proximity Label-MS), STARD9 (Affinity Capture-MS), STARD9 (Two-hybrid), STARD9 (Two-hybrid), STARD9 (Proximity Label-MS), STARD9 (Proximity Label-MS), STARD9 (Proximity Label-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A571BF63, A0A8M9QN10, A2ARM1, A2CI97, A2CI98, A2CJ06, E9Q3C1, O15482, O54786, O70167, O70173, P0C6P5, P15304, P56645, P59729, P97433, P97499, Q0VG85, Q3V0F0, Q5BIW4, Q5BK24, Q5EB20, Q5PNP6, Q5PQS0, Q5RD34, Q5TKR9, Q5VUB5, Q61194, Q6ZUJ8, Q71M44, Q7TSI1, Q80TF6, Q80U38, Q8BV79, Q8BZ21, Q8K3F4, Q8N1W1, Q8N957, Q8ND61, Q8TB24

Diamond homologs: A0A068FIK2, A0JN40, A1ZAJ2, A8BB91, A8BKD1, B1AVY7, B7ZC32, B9FUF9, B9GE13, D3YXS5, F1M4A4, F1QN54, F4J1U4, F4K0J3, F8WLE0, L0N7N1, O14782, O15066, O35066, O35071, O35787, O43093, O43896, O55165, O60282, O60333, O88658, O95239, P17210, P23678, P28738, P28741, P33173, P33174, P33175, P33176, P34540, P46863, P46865, P46867

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PLK1	“down-regulates quantity by destabilization”	STARD9	phosphorylation

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 22 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Activation of BAD and translocation to mitochondria	5	223.9×	9e-10
Chk1/Chk2(Cds1) mediated inactivation of Cyclin B:Cdk1 complex	5	197.6×	1e-09
SARS-CoV-1 targets host intracellular signalling and regulatory pathways	5	197.6×	1e-09
Activation of BH3-only proteins	5	146.0×	4e-09
RHO GTPases activate PKNs	5	93.3×	3e-08
Intrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis	5	86.1×	4e-08
Translocation of SLC2A4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane	6	54.5×	2e-08
SARS-CoV-1-host interactions	5	51.7×	4e-07

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
intracellular protein localization	5	24.9×	1e-04

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

979 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	778
Likely benign	128
Benign	43

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

5829 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
15:42575760:GAG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
15:42575760:GAGGT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42575761:AGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42575763:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
15:42585515:TTTTA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:42585516:TTTA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:42585517:TTA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:42585518:TAGG:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:42634853:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:42634855:G:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:42634970:CCA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
15:42634970:CCAGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42634971:CA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
15:42634972:AGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42634973:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
15:42634973:GTGAG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42634974:TGAG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42634975:GAGTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42634976:A:AT	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42634977:G:A	donor_loss	1.0000
15:42662778:ATT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:42662779:T:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:42662780:T:TA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:42662793:GC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:42662871:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
15:42663818:AGC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:42663819:GCG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:42669156:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:42669157:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:42669334:CAAG:C	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

30861 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
15:42661207:T:C	L251P	0.997
15:42661216:T:C	L254P	0.996
15:42675702:T:C	F576L	0.996
15:42675703:T:C	F576S	0.996
15:42675704:C:A	F576L	0.996
15:42675704:C:G	F576L	0.996
15:42718842:A:C	S4645R	0.996
15:42718844:T:A	S4645R	0.996
15:42718844:T:G	S4645R	0.996
15:42663443:T:C	L344P	0.995
15:42663488:C:A	A359D	0.995
15:42669282:T:C	L481S	0.995
15:42674861:C:G	C528W	0.995
15:42675697:T:C	F574S	0.995
15:42717791:T:A	W4519R	0.995
15:42717791:T:C	W4519R	0.995
15:42663865:T:C	L375P	0.994
15:42718848:T:A	W4647R	0.994
15:42718848:T:C	W4647R	0.994
15:42634964:G:T	G115W	0.993
15:42638705:T:C	L151P	0.993
15:42652551:A:C	S221R	0.993
15:42652553:C:A	S221R	0.993
15:42652553:C:G	S221R	0.993
15:42662877:T:A	V285D	0.993
15:42663883:C:A	A381D	0.993
15:42634929:G:A	G103E	0.992
15:42634929:G:T	G103V	0.992
15:42661216:T:A	L254Q	0.992
15:42674459:G:A	G506E	0.992

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000010318 (15:42652709 T>G), RS1000022387 (15:42672453 A>G), RS1000032500 (15:42717861 TCTC>T), RS1000083450 (15:42591704 T>G), RS1000083507 (15:42652351 T>A,G), RS1000114317 (15:42637135 T>A), RS1000123522 (15:42633110 C>T), RS1000126060 (15:42706314 C>G,T), RS1000126230 (15:42628051 A>G), RS1000137798 (15:42672678 G>A), RS1000182591 (15:42669889 A>G), RS1000195857 (15:42631537 G>A), RS1000223411 (15:42588228 CTGTG>C,CTG), RS1000236878 (15:42597349 T>C), RS1000250494 (15:42577267 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:614642 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): autism spectrum disorder (MONDO:0005258)

Orphanet (1): NON RARE IN EUROPE: Autism (Orphanet:106)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

6 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002726_31	Glucose homeostasis traits	6.000000e-06
GCST003031_1	MGMT methylation in smokers	3.000000e-07
GCST005175_35	Coronary artery calcified atherosclerotic plaque (90 or 130 HU threshold) in type 2 diabetes	4.000000e-07
GCST008103_17	Bipolar disorder	9.000000e-09
GCST008103_43	Bipolar disorder	2.000000e-07
GCST012465_8	Bipolar disorder	3.000000e-09

EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004471	insulin sensitivity measurement
EFO:0006959	gene methylation measurement
EFO:0004723	coronary artery calcification

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

29 total (human), top 29 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	3
Acetaminophen	increases expression	2
Nickel	decreases expression	2
Aflatoxin B1	increases expression, increases methylation	2
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
bisphenol A	increases methylation	1
titanium dioxide	decreases methylation	1
arsenite	affects binding, decreases reaction	1
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate	increases abundance, increases methylation	1
manganese chloride	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
potassium chromate(VI)	decreases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
Ethanol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Arsenic	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Cisplatin	increases expression	1
Diethylhexyl Phthalate	increases abundance, increases methylation	1
Drugs, Chinese Herbal	increases expression	1
Estradiol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Ethyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Folic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Formaldehyde	increases expression	1
Manganese	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Methyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Naphthoquinones	increases expression	1
Quercetin	increases expression	1
Ribonucleotides	affects binding	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	1
Tretinoin	decreases expression	1
Antirheumatic Agents	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00391261	PHASE4	COMPLETED	An Open-label Trial of Metformin for Weight Control of Pediatric Patients on Antipsychotic Medications.
NCT01028820	PHASE4	COMPLETED	FMRI Brain Activation of Aripiprazole Treatment in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT01333865	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study of Memantine Hydrochloride (Namenda®) for Cognitive and Behavioral Impairment in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT01337700	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Milnacipran in Autism and the Functional Locus Coeruleus and Noradrenergic Model of Autism
NCT01695200	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT02096952	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Methylphenidate ER Liquid Formulation in Adults With ASD and ADHD
NCT02235467	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Multisite Study: Parental Training Using Video Modelling to Develop Social Skills in Children With Autism
NCT02940574	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Neural and Behavioral Effects of Oxytocin in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT03333629	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Promoting Positive Outcomes for Individuals With ASD: Linking Early Detection, Treatment, and Long-term Outcomes
NCT03337646	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of the Effect and Safety of Lisdexamfetamine in Children Aged 6-12 With ADHD and Autism
NCT03538431	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Improving Driving in Young People With Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT03757585	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Natural Treatments for the Management of Emotional Dysregulation in Youth With Non-verbal Learning Disability (NVLD) and/or Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
NCT04903353	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pragmatic Trial Comparing Weight Gain in Children With Autism Taking Risperidone Versus Aripiprazole
NCT05063656	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Biomarker-Driven Pharmacological Treatment of Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder With Gabapentin
NCT05146245	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Antipsychotics in Children 2: Studying TDM in an RCT
NCT05916339	PHASE4	RECRUITING	AWARE: Management of ADHD in Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT05954052	PHASE4	TERMINATED	A Study of Glutathione in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT06853665	PHASE4	RECRUITING	The TEAM Study - Treatment Efficacy for Autism/Attention Using Mixed Amphetamine
NCT07054697	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pilot-RCT With Individualized Homeopathic Treatment in the Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT07161804	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pilot RCT Using Homeopathic Medicines in ASD
NCT07439042	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Buspirone for Anxiety in Autistic Youth
NCT01302964	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Mirtazapine Treatment of Anxiety in Children and Adolescents With Pervasive Developmental Disorders
NCT01706523	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Open Label Extension Study of STX209 (Arbaclofen) in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT01825798	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Treatment of Overweight Induced by Antipsychotic Medication in Young People With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
NCT01972074	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Behavioral and Neural Response to Memantine in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT02985749	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study of Oxytocin for the Treatment of Social Impairment in Individuals With High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT03197922	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Treatment of Encopresis in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT03504917	PHASE3	TERMINATED	A Study of Balovaptan in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder With a 2-Year Open-Label Extension
NCT03553875	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Memantine for the Treatment of Social Deficits in Youth With Disorders of Impaired Social Interactions
NCT03640156	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Modulating Socially Adaptive Mirror System Functioning in Autism by Oxytocin
NCT03715153	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Efficacy and Safety of Bumetanide Oral Liquid Formulation in Children Aged From 2 to Less Than 7 Years Old With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
NCT03715166	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Efficacy and Safety of Bumetanide Oral Liquid Formulation in Children and Adolescents Aged From 7 to Less Than 18 Years Old With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT04233502	PHASE3	WITHDRAWN	Efficacy and Safety of Slenyto for Insomnia in Children With ASD
NCT04578756	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Open-Label, Flexible-dose Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Tolerability of Cariprazine in the Treatment of Pediatric Participants With Schizophrenia, Bipolar I Disorder, or Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT04623398	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Effect of Lithium in Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (SHANK3 Haploinsufficiency)
NCT04725383	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Amitriptyline for Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT05212493	PHASE3	COMPLETED	The Effects of Medical Cannabis in Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder
NCT05361707	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Evaluating the Effects of Tasimelteon in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Sleep Disturbances
NCT05439616	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Study of Cariprazine Oral Capsules or Solution to Assess Adverse Events and Change in Irritability Due to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Participants Aged 5-17 Years With ASD
NCT06229210	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Safety and Tolerability Trial of Lumateperone in Pediatric Patients With Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder or Autism Spectrum Disorder