STRBP

Summary

STRBP (spermatid perinuclear RNA binding protein, HGNC:16462) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 9q33.3, encoding Spermatid perinuclear RNA-binding protein (Q96SI9). Involved in spermatogenesis and sperm function.

Enables RNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cell differentiation and spermatogenesis. Predicted to act upstream of or within cell motility; mechanosensory behavior; and spermatid development. Located in nucleus.

Source: NCBI Gene 55342 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 8
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 73 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_018387

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:16462
Approved symbol	STRBP
Name	spermatid perinuclear RNA binding protein
Location	9q33.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	FLJ11307, SPNR
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000165209
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	611138
Entrez	55342

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 29 — 23 protein_coding, 4 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 retained_intron, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000348403, ENST00000360998, ENST00000407982, ENST00000447404, ENST00000471564, ENST00000478973, ENST00000479114, ENST00000492885, ENST00000496533, ENST00000530364, ENST00000878273, ENST00000878274, ENST00000878275, ENST00000878276, ENST00000878277, ENST00000878278, ENST00000878279, ENST00000878280, ENST00000932652, ENST00000932653, ENST00000932654, ENST00000932655, ENST00000932656, ENST00000932657, ENST00000932658, ENST00000932659, ENST00000932660, ENST00000970350, ENST00000970351

RefSeq mRNA: 5 — MANE Select: NM_018387 NM_001171137, NM_001376106, NM_001376107, NM_001376109, NM_018387

CCDS: CCDS55337, CCDS6851

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000348403 — 19 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001287138	123173677	123173842
ENSE00001327887	123236830	123236966
ENSE00001728022	123121617	123125673
ENSE00003473955	123147778	123147870
ENSE00003481471	123158332	123158429
ENSE00003485892	123184132	123184298
ENSE00003522375	123160367	123160462
ENSE00003539553	123159096	123159207
ENSE00003547336	123136381	123136515
ENSE00003560758	123139529	123139687
ENSE00003564023	123146855	123147054
ENSE00003576993	123132845	123132968
ENSE00003591136	123128214	123128258
ENSE00003610091	123158012	123158123
ENSE00003620842	123136041	123136181
ENSE00003672110	123160977	123161068
ENSE00003689174	123169902	123170046
ENSE00003787305	123179007	123179227
ENSE00003890679	123268436	123268586

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 253 present calls, max score 98.47.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 24.7166 / max 602.8518, expressed in 1685 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
102408	23.3713	1682
102407	1.1526	403
102404	0.1845	73
102403	0.0081	2

Top tissues by expression

255 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	98.47	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	98.17	gold quality
occipital lobe	UBERON:0002021	97.68	gold quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	97.14	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	96.73	gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamus	UBERON:0002736	96.53	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	96.31	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	95.99	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	95.19	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	95.07	gold quality
oviduct epithelium	UBERON:0004804	94.68	gold quality
parietal lobe	UBERON:0001872	94.66	gold quality
postcentral gyrus	UBERON:0002581	94.60	gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynx	UBERON:0001951	94.56	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	94.48	gold quality
bronchial epithelial cell	CL:0002328	94.39	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	94.10	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	94.09	gold quality
bronchus	UBERON:0002185	94.04	gold quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	93.78	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	93.38	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	93.27	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	93.19	gold quality
mucosa of paranasal sinus	UBERON:0005030	92.88	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	92.68	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	92.64	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	92.59	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	92.49	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	92.48	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	92.35	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-112	yes	37.49
E-ANND-3	yes	15.07

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

260 targeting STRBP, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-8485	100.00	77.57	4731
HSA-MIR-4668-3P	100.00	68.74	2635
HSA-MIR-6867-5P	100.00	82.21	3464
HSA-MIR-4776-3P	100.00	68.73	1340
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-6833-3P	100.00	70.63	3197
HSA-MIR-4768-5P	100.00	69.49	2861
HSA-MIR-513A-5P	100.00	69.77	2465
HSA-LET-7A-3P	100.00	74.03	3932
HSA-LET-7B-3P	100.00	74.08	3913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P	100.00	74.02	3928
HSA-MIR-98-3P	100.00	74.08	3907
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-1277-5P	100.00	73.95	5056
HSA-MIR-4500	99.99	72.72	2367
HSA-MIR-196A-1-3P	99.99	72.15	2772
HSA-MIR-513B-5P	99.99	69.96	2150
HSA-MIR-511-3P	99.99	68.85	1467
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-520D-5P	99.98	73.34	4883
HSA-MIR-524-5P	99.98	73.43	4882
HSA-MIR-12136	99.98	72.81	5713
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-LET-7A-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7B-5P	99.98	72.31	1790
HSA-LET-7C-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7E-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7F-5P	99.98	72.56	1784

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• Low STRBP mRNA is associated with cryptorchidism and Down’s syndrome. (PMID:22391137)
• Spermatid perinuclear RNA-binding protein promotes UBR5-mediated proteolysis of Dicer to accelerate triple-negative breast cancer progression. (PMID:38280476)
• CircSTRBP contributes to H2O2-induced lens epithelium cell dysfunction through increasing NOX4 mRNA stability by recruiting IGF2BP1. (PMID:38340945)

Cross-species orthologs

8 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	strbp	ENSDARG00000021455
mus_musculus	Strbp	ENSMUSG00000026915
rattus_norvegicus	Strbp	ENSRNOG00000010150
drosophila_melanogaster	loqs	FBGN0032515
drosophila_melanogaster	CG12493	FBGN0035571
drosophila_melanogaster	blanks	FBGN0035608
drosophila_melanogaster	Zn72D	FBGN0263603
caenorhabditis_elegans	zfr-1	WBGENE00022388

Paralogs (14): STAU2 (ENSG00000040341), ZFR (ENSG00000056097), ADAT1 (ENSG00000065457), ZFR2 (ENSG00000105278), STAU1 (ENSG00000124214), ILF3 (ENSG00000129351), TARBP2 (ENSG00000139546), ADAD2 (ENSG00000140955), ILF2 (ENSG00000143621), ADAR (ENSG00000160710), ADAD1 (ENSG00000164113), PRKRA (ENSG00000180228), ADARB2 (ENSG00000185736), ADARB1 (ENSG00000197381)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Spermatid perinuclear RNA-binding protein — Q96SI9 (reviewed: Q96SI9)

All UniProt accessions (8): A0A0S2Z5K8, E9PKQ0, Q96SI9, H0YC91, H0YD00, H0YD70, Q5JPA5, V9HWK4

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Involved in spermatogenesis and sperm function. Plays a role in regulation of cell growth. Binds to double-stranded DNA and RNA. Binds most efficiently to poly(I:C) RNA than to poly(dI:dC) DNA. Binds also to single-stranded poly(G) RNA. Binds non-specifically to the mRNA PRM1 3’-UTR and adenovirus VA RNA.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with EIF2AK2. Associates with microtubules; it is unsure whether such interaction is direct or indirect.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q96SI9-1	1	yes
Q96SI9-2	2

RefSeq proteins (5): NP_001164608, NP_001363035, NP_001363036, NP_001363038, NP_060857* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR006561	DZF_dom	Domain
IPR014720	dsRBD_dom	Domain
IPR043519	NT_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR044472	STRBP_DSRM_1	Domain
IPR049401	DZF_dom_N	Domain
IPR049402	DZF_dom_C	Domain

Pfam: PF00035, PF07528, PF20965

UniProt features (23 total): strand 5, domain 3, region of interest 3, compositionally biased region 3, modified residue 2, sequence conflict 2, helix 2, chain 1, splice variant 1, sequence variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
2DMY	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q96SI9-F1	73.42	0.51

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (2): 612, 617

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 251 (showing top): GOBP_BEHAVIOR, STARK_PREFRONTAL_CORTEX_22Q11_DELETION_DN, GOZGIT_ESR1_TARGETS_DN, GAUSSMANN_MLL_AF4_FUSION_TARGETS_A_UP, ATGCAGT_MIR217, GOBP_MALE_GAMETE_GENERATION, MARTINEZ_RB1_TARGETS_UP, MUELLER_PLURINET, MILI_PSEUDOPODIA_HAPTOTAXIS_UP, LIAO_METASTASIS, GOBP_CELLULAR_PROCESS_INVOLVED_IN_REPRODUCTION_IN_MULTICELLULAR_ORGANISM, GARCIA_TARGETS_OF_FLI1_AND_DAX1_DN, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_ABIOTIC_STIMULUS, RYTTCCTG_ETS2_B, GOBP_DEVELOPMENTAL_PROCESS_INVOLVED_IN_REPRODUCTION

GO Biological Process (5): spermatid development (GO:0007286), mechanosensory behavior (GO:0007638), cell motility (GO:0048870), spermatogenesis (GO:0007283), cell differentiation (GO:0030154)

GO Molecular Function (7): DNA binding (GO:0003677), RNA binding (GO:0003723), double-stranded RNA binding (GO:0003725), single-stranded RNA binding (GO:0003727), microtubule binding (GO:0008017), protein binding (GO:0005515), tubulin binding (GO:0015631)

GO Cellular Component (4): manchette (GO:0002177), nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), microtubule cytoskeleton (GO:0015630)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
nucleic acid binding	2
RNA binding	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
germ cell development	1
spermatid differentiation	1
behavior	1
response to mechanical stimulus	1
cellular process	1
developmental process involved in reproduction	1
male gamete generation	1
cellular developmental process	1
tubulin binding	1
binding	1
cytoskeletal protein binding	1
microtubule cytoskeleton	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cytoskeleton	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1230 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
STRBP	EIF2AK2	P19525	759
STRBP	DDX17	Q92841	696
STRBP	POLDIP3	Q9BY77	685
STRBP	PIF1	Q9H611	667
STRBP	PRM1	P04553	563
STRBP	U2AF2	P26368	535
STRBP	A0A087WZY1	A0A087WZY1	516
STRBP	PRH1	P02810	507
STRBP	POLA1	P09884	452
STRBP	ZNF398	Q8TD17	450
STRBP	GPR21	Q99679	431
STRBP	DYNLT1	P63172	429
STRBP	THAP1	Q9NVV9	428
STRBP	NUP62	P37198	427
STRBP	UNC79	Q9P2D8	426
STRBP	SPAG1	Q07617	426

IntAct

167 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
HNRNPC	KPNA3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.850
THAP1	STRBP	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
STRBP	THAP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
CFTR	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.710
TARBP2	STRBP	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
STRBP	RBPMS	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
STRBP	TARBP2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
PRKRA	STRBP	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
RBPMS	STRBP	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
IGF2BP1	IGF2BP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
RAC1	COX6C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
ASF1B	HAT1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
CFTR	HAX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.610
DAB1	STRBP	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
STRBP	DAB1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
STRBP	RBPMS	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
STRBP	RBFOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
STRBP	ZMAT4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560

BioGRID (294): STRBP (Two-hybrid), STRBP (Two-hybrid), STRBP (Two-hybrid), STRBP (Two-hybrid), STRBP (Affinity Capture-MS), STRBP (Affinity Capture-MS), STRBP (Affinity Capture-MS), STRBP (Affinity Capture-MS), STRBP (Affinity Capture-MS), STRBP (Affinity Capture-MS), STRBP (Affinity Capture-MS), STRBP (Two-hybrid), STRBP (Two-hybrid), STRBP (Affinity Capture-RNA), STRBP (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A8C0TYJ0, A2AWA9, A2VDZ9, A5GFS8, O70133, O76031, O88506, O95292, O95747, Q08E27, Q0VCY1, Q12959, Q13330, Q15691, Q16514, Q3T174, Q3ZBD9, Q5PYH5, Q5R495, Q5R601, Q5R6Y5, Q5R7N3, Q5R7Z5, Q5U2U0, Q5ZHN3, Q5ZIL4, Q61166, Q61187, Q62599, Q62696, Q66HR2, Q68FK8, Q6AY57, Q6IRE4, Q6ZVM7, Q7ZWU5, Q80W47, Q811D0, Q863I2, Q8K4B0

Diamond homologs: O88532, Q08E27, Q0VD35, Q12906, Q562A2, Q5R6Y5, Q5REX3, Q5U231, Q5ZIL4, Q6DCD0, Q6DD04, Q6GL57, Q6GPM1, Q6NXA4, Q6PCR6, Q7TP98, Q91550, Q91WM1, Q96KR1, Q96SI9, Q9H898, Q9JIL3, Q9JKU6, Q9UPR6, Q9Z1X4, A2RFW8, A8AWC2, B5XKB7, B8GAM6, C0MCR4, P0DF14, P0DF15, P51400, P55265, P55266, P66670, P66672, P78563, P97473, P97616

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 162 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
PKR-mediated signaling	7	9.3×	9e-04
mRNA Polyadenylation	9	7.5×	6e-04
Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA	9	7.0×	8e-04
mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway	12	6.2×	1e-04
Major pathway of rRNA processing in the nucleolus and cytosol	10	5.8×	9e-04
Dengue Virus-Host Interactions	13	5.6×	1e-04

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
positive regulation of cytoplasmic translation	5	34.9×	8e-05
positive regulation of viral genome replication	5	20.5×	5e-04
negative regulation of translation	10	13.8×	3e-06
RNA processing	8	12.3×	8e-05
ribosomal small subunit biogenesis	7	11.2×	4e-04
positive regulation of translation	7	11.2×	4e-04
regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome	6	10.3×	3e-03
translation	8	5.8×	7e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

73 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	49
Likely benign	1
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

3813 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
9:123128729:T:A	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123136035:TCATA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136036:CATAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136038:TACCT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136039:ACC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136040:C:CG	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136182:CTAC:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:123136183:T:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:123136376:CACA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136377:ACACC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136378:CACCT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136379:A:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136379:ACCT:A	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123136380:C:G	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123136380:CCTC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123136511:CTTAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:123136514:ACC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:123136516:C:CG	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:123146850:TGTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123146852:TAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123146853:A:AG	donor_loss	1.0000
9:123147055:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:123147773:CA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123147773:CACA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123147776:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123147777:C:CT	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123147777:CTTTT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123147781:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123147786:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
9:123147787:A:C	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4381 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
9:123136093:A:G	L574P	1.000
9:123136102:A:C	L571W	1.000
9:123136102:A:G	L571S	1.000
9:123136105:G:T	A570D	1.000
9:123136106:C:G	A570P	1.000
9:123136114:G:A	A567V	1.000
9:123136114:G:T	A567D	1.000
9:123136115:C:G	A567P	1.000
9:123136115:C:T	A567T	1.000
9:123136117:G:T	A566E	1.000
9:123136118:C:G	A566P	1.000
9:123136123:G:T	A564E	1.000
9:123136124:C:G	A564P	1.000
9:123136125:C:A	K563N	1.000
9:123136125:C:G	K563N	1.000
9:123136126:T:A	K563M	1.000
9:123136126:T:G	K563T	1.000
9:123136127:T:C	K563E	1.000
9:123136127:T:G	K563Q	1.000
9:123136129:G:A	A562V	1.000
9:123136129:G:T	A562E	1.000
9:123136130:C:G	A562P	1.000
9:123136130:C:T	A562T	1.000
9:123136134:T:A	K560N	1.000
9:123136134:T:G	K560N	1.000
9:123136135:T:A	K560I	1.000
9:123136136:T:C	K560E	1.000
9:123136136:T:G	K560Q	1.000
9:123136137:C:A	K559N	1.000
9:123136137:C:G	K559N	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000007828 (9:123162001 C>T), RS1000011260 (9:123235886 T>C), RS1000018521 (9:123128650 T>A,C), RS1000029776 (9:123208110 CTG>C), RS1000035919 (9:123146094 A>G), RS1000054217 (9:123114715 T>C), RS1000057392 (9:123177990 A>T), RS1000087821 (9:123256923 T>C), RS1000089836 (9:123147377 C>A), RS1000136686 (9:123230862 C>T), RS1000158278 (9:123203396 C>T), RS1000186378 (9:123187173 C>G), RS1000205511 (9:123256704 C>G), RS1000220308 (9:123205910 C>T), RS1000234452 (9:123213088 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:611138 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

8 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST005146_13	Birth weight	1.000000e-12
GCST005951_64	Body mass index	2.000000e-10
GCST008053_108	Height	2.000000e-11
GCST008053_186	Height	4.000000e-07
GCST008839_63	Height	1.000000e-12
GCST009616_3	HDL cholesterol levels x thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics use interaction	7.000000e-07
GCST010703_296	Brain morphology (MOSTest)	2.000000e-14
GCST90002388_227	Lymphocyte count	2.000000e-10

EFO canonical traits (5, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004344	birth weight
EFO:0004340	body mass index
EFO:0004612	high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement
EFO:0004346	neuroimaging measurement
EFO:0004587	lymphocyte count

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

PharmGKB clinical annotations

1 annotations.

Variant	Type	Level	Drugs	Phenotypes
rs9032	Efficacy	3	methylphenidate	Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity

CTD chemical–gene interactions

45 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases expression, increases expression	3
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Cadmium Chloride	decreases expression, increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	decreases expression	1
GSK-J4	increases expression	1
dicrotophos	decreases expression	1
urushiol	increases expression	1
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
bisphenol A	decreases expression	1
deoxynivalenol	increases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
benzo(e)pyrene	decreases methylation	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
CGP 52608	increases reaction, affects binding	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
ICG 001	increases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Arsenic Trioxide	increases expression	1
Cidofovir	decreases expression	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Atrazine	increases expression	1
Benzene	decreases expression	1
Caffeine	decreases expression	1
Diazinon	increases methylation	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1
Enzyme Inhibitors	decreases activity, increases O-linked glycosylation	1
Estradiol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.