SULT1C4

Summary

SULT1C4 (sulfotransferase family 1C member 4, HGNC:11457) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2q12.3, encoding Sulfotransferase 1C4 (O75897). Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of phenolic compounds.

Sulfotransferase enzymes catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds. These cytosolic enzymes are different in their tissue distributions and substrate specificities. The gene structure (number and length of exons) is similar among family members. This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the SULT1 subfamily, responsible for transferring a sulfo moiety from PAPS to phenol-containing compounds.

Source: NCBI Gene 27233 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 42 total
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_006588

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:11457
Approved symbol	SULT1C4
Name	sulfotransferase family 1C member 4
Location	2q12.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	SULT1C
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000198075
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	608357
Entrez	27233

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 4 — 3 protein_coding, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000272452, ENST00000409309, ENST00000494122, ENST00000957540

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_006588 NM_001321770, NM_006588

CCDS: CCDS2077, CCDS82492

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000272452 — 7 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000963464	108381762	108381887
ENSE00000963465	108382385	108382482
ENSE00000963466	108383093	108383219
ENSE00000963468	108386192	108386372
ENSE00001318272	108387320	108388989
ENSE00001378859	108383416	108383510
ENSE00001939798	108377954	108378506

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 164 present calls, max score 92.20.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 2.3818 / max 246.7018, expressed in 331 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
21855	2.3818	331
21862	1.5831	450
21864	0.6898	300
21865	0.2126	117

Top tissues by expression

239 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	92.20	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	91.71	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	89.08	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	87.33	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	87.23	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	84.43	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	84.01	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	83.64	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	83.23	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	82.82	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	82.50	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	82.21	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	82.19	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	82.09	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	81.91	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	81.13	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	81.03	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	80.70	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	80.47	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	80.10	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	79.61	gold quality
upper lobe of lung	UBERON:0008948	79.47	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	78.88	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	78.53	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	78.04	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	78.03	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	77.99	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	77.77	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	77.58	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	77.48	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): NR1H2, NR1H3, NR1H4

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

83 targeting SULT1C4, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-3120-5P	100.00	65.56	965
HSA-MIR-3689D	100.00	66.14	1181
HSA-MIR-6851-5P	100.00	65.63	1294
HSA-MIR-4692	100.00	67.32	2066
HSA-MIR-371B-5P	99.99	75.34	4759
HSA-MIR-6077	99.99	68.04	2299
HSA-MIR-34A-5P	99.99	71.21	1784
HSA-MIR-449A	99.99	71.05	1776
HSA-MIR-4514	99.99	67.10	1870
HSA-MIR-373-5P	99.98	75.36	4753
HSA-MIR-616-5P	99.98	75.58	4775
HSA-MIR-23B-5P	99.98	66.07	587
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-34C-5P	99.97	70.45	1577
HSA-MIR-449B-5P	99.97	70.26	1580
HSA-MIR-651-3P	99.94	73.48	5177
HSA-MIR-23A-5P	99.94	65.39	468
HSA-MIR-539-5P	99.93	70.30	2855
HSA-MIR-8062	99.88	68.43	995
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P	99.88	66.69	2776
HSA-MIR-30A-3P	99.87	69.74	2928
HSA-MIR-30D-3P	99.87	69.92	2917
HSA-MIR-30E-3P	99.87	69.68	2942
HSA-MIR-5582-3P	99.86	72.48	4221
HSA-MIR-548AR-3P	99.85	71.26	3889
HSA-MIR-4728-5P	99.85	69.39	4718
HSA-MIR-383-3P	99.85	65.84	1359
HSA-MIR-548AZ-3P	99.82	70.56	3549
HSA-MIR-548BC	99.82	70.61	3524

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 5)

• A systematic analysis showed that three of the twelve human SULTs, SULT1A1, SULT1A3 and SULT1C4, displayed the strongest sulphating activity towards acetaminophen. (PMID:26067475)
• The current study aimed to identify the human cytosolic sulfotransferase(s) that is(are) capable of sulfating doxorubicin and its analog epirubicin, and to verify whether sulfation of doxorubicin and epirubicin may occur under metabolic conditions. (PMID:26948952)
• Developmental Expression of SULT1C4 Transcript Variants in Human Liver: Implications for Discordance Between SULT1C4 mRNA and Protein Levels. (PMID:32303576)
• Sulfation of hyperoside by the human cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs): impact of genetic polymorphisms on hyperoside-sulfating activity of SULT1C4 allozymes. (PMID:35249434)
• Sulfotransferase 1C2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by enhancing glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism. (PMID:36880364)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	sult1st5	ENSDARG00000003475
danio_rerio	sult1st6	ENSDARG00000006811
drosophila_melanogaster	St4	FBGN0033887
drosophila_melanogaster	St1	FBGN0034887
drosophila_melanogaster	St3	FBGN0265052

Paralogs (12): SULT2B1 (ENSG00000088002), SULT2A1 (ENSG00000105398), SULT1E1 (ENSG00000109193), SULT4A1 (ENSG00000130540), SULT6B1 (ENSG00000138068), SULT1B1 (ENSG00000173597), SULT1C3 (ENSG00000196228), SULT1A1 (ENSG00000196502), SULT1A2 (ENSG00000197165), SULT1C2 (ENSG00000198203), SULT1A4 (ENSG00000213648), SULT1A3 (ENSG00000261052)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Sulfotransferase 1C4 — O75897 (reviewed: O75897)

Alternative names: Sulfotransferase 1C2

All UniProt accessions (1): O75897

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of phenolic compounds. Can also sulfonate estrogenic compounds, however, the dietary flavonoids (phytoestrogen) and environmental estrogens, like bisphenol A are better substrates than 17beta-estradiol (E2). Mediates the sulfation of doxorubicin and its analog epirubicin, two antitumor anthracyclines.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytosol.

Tissue specificity. Expressed at high levels in fetal lung and kidney and at low levels in fetal heart, adult kidney, ovary and spinal cord.

Similarity. Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
O75897-1	1	yes
O75897-2	2

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001308699, NP_006579* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000863	Sulfotransferase_dom	Domain
IPR027417	P-loop_NTPase	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00685

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 2.8.2.1 — aryl sulfotransferase (BRENDA: 19 organisms, 630 substrates, 215 inhibitors, 314 Km, 55 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

81 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 15. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
DOPAMINE	0.0006–11.3	39
4-NITROPHENOL	0.0001–30.9	36
3’-PHOSPHOADENYLYLSULFATE	0.0003–0.51	17
ACETAMINOPHEN	0.43–4.5	14
MORPHINE	3.8–10	13
O-DESMETHYL TRAMADOL	0.27–0.8	13
TAPENTADOL	0.09–0.84	13
3’-PHOSPHOADENYLYL SULFATE	0.0008–0.024	12
DAIDZEIN	0.0005–0.407	8
GENISTEIN	0.0005–0.371	8
6-HYDROXYMELATONIN	0.018–0.065	6
7-HYDROXYCOUMARIN	0.0005–0.003	4
ROTIGOTINE	0.0291–0.1191	4
2-AMINOPHENOL	0.009–0.223	3
3,3’,5-TRIIODO-L-THYRONINE	0.0387–0.126	3

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 3 shown:

• a phenol + 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = an aryl sulfate + adenosine 3’,5’-bisphosphate + H(+) (RHEA:12164)
• 17beta-estradiol + 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = 17beta-estradiol 3-sulfate + adenosine 3’,5’-bisphosphate + H(+) (RHEA:52372)
• bisphenol A + 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = bisphenyl A sulfate + adenosine 3’,5’-bisphosphate + H(+) (RHEA:66580)

UniProt features (40 total): helix 18, binding site 7, strand 6, turn 4, sequence variant 2, chain 1, active site 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

2 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
2GWH	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.8
2AD1	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-O75897-F1	94.85	0.94

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 115 (proton acceptor)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (7): 55–60; 113–115; 137; 145; 200; 234–239; 262–266

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

6 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-156584	Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules
R-HSA-9753281	Paracetamol ADME
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-156580	Phase II - Conjugation of compounds
R-HSA-211859	Biological oxidations
R-HSA-9748784	Drug ADME

MSigDB gene sets: 158 (showing top): REACTOME_BIOLOGICAL_OXIDATIONS, chr2q12, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_SULFATION, GOBP_KETONE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, RODWELL_AGING_KIDNEY_NO_BLOOD_DN, GOBP_NUCLEOBASE_CONTAINING_SMALL_MOLECULE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, CADWELL_ATG16L1_TARGETS_DN, MODULE_99, LIAO_METASTASIS, GOBP_ORGANIC_ACID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_SMALL_MOLECULE_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, FLECHNER_BIOPSY_KIDNEY_TRANSPLANT_REJECTED_VS_OK_DN, BASAKI_YBX1_TARGETS_DN

GO Biological Process (6): ethanol catabolic process (GO:0006068), xenobiotic metabolic process (GO:0006805), flavonoid metabolic process (GO:0009812), doxorubicin metabolic process (GO:0044598), 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate metabolic process (GO:0050427), sulfation (GO:0051923)

GO Molecular Function (3): aryl sulfotransferase activity (GO:0004062), sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008146), transferase activity (GO:0016740)

GO Cellular Component (2): cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-4 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Phase II - Conjugation of compounds	1
Drug ADME	1
Biological oxidations	1
Metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
metabolic process	2
sulfur compound metabolic process	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
ethanol metabolic process	1
primary alcohol catabolic process	1
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	1
glycoside metabolic process	1
polyketide metabolic process	1
primary alcohol metabolic process	1
ketone metabolic process	1
tertiary alcohol metabolic process	1
purine ribonucleotide metabolic process	1
purine ribonucleoside bisphosphate metabolic process	1
oxoacid metabolic process	1
sulfotransferase activity	1
transferase activity, transferring sulphur-containing groups	1
catalytic activity	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cytoplasm	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

766 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
SULT1C4	CHST6	Q9GZX3	899
SULT1C4	NDST1	P52848	895
SULT1C4	HS3ST1	O14792	846
SULT1C4	PAPSS2	O95340	842
SULT1C4	HS3ST3A1	Q9Y663	838
SULT1C4	PAPSS1	O43252	829
SULT1C4	HS3ST3B1	Q9Y662	827
SULT1C4	NDST2	P52849	815
SULT1C4	CHST3	Q7LGC8	762
SULT1C4	NDST3	O95803	756
SULT1C4	HS3ST2	Q9Y278	755
SULT1C4	CHST5	Q9GZS9	733
SULT1C4	LUM	P51884	729
SULT1C4	CHST1	O43916	729
SULT1C4	HS3ST4	Q9Y661	717

IntAct

6 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
SULT1C2	SULT1C4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SULT1C4	HSPA1B	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
SULT1C2		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SULT1C4	ZSWIM8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDH5	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270

BioGRID (112): SULT1C4 (Affinity Capture-MS), COPE (Co-fractionation), SULT1C4 (Co-fractionation), SULT1C4 (Co-fractionation), SULT1C4 (Affinity Capture-MS), SULT1C4 (Proximity Label-MS), SULT1C4 (Affinity Capture-MS), PHLDB3 (Affinity Capture-MS), HAX1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SAV1 (Affinity Capture-MS), NPHP4 (Affinity Capture-MS), LSS (Affinity Capture-MS), CNOT7 (Affinity Capture-MS), TBC1D2B (Affinity Capture-MS), GPAT2 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A173GP47, A0A1L8HV70, A0A2K5X3B6, B2RVI8, F1QYJ6, G3V9R3, O00338, O43704, O46503, O75897, P0CC03, P15709, P17988, P19217, P22789, P27707, P46560, P48769, P49887, P49888, P49891, P50234, P50235, P50236, P50237, P52840, P52841, P52843, P52844, P52847, Q06520, Q3T0Y3, Q3UZZ6, Q5ZJM7, Q6IMI4, Q6IMI6, Q6PH37, Q6WG17, Q6WG18, Q7T2V2

Diamond homologs: A0A173GP47, A0A2K5X3B6, G3V9R3, O00338, O35400, O43704, O46503, O46640, O75897, P0DMM9, P0DMN0, P19217, P49887, P49888, P49891, P50236, P50237, P52839, P52840, P52842, P52844, P52847, P63046, P63047, Q29476, Q3T0Y3, Q3UZZ6, Q6IMI6, Q80VR3, Q8BGL3, Q8JG30, Q95JD5, Q9BR01, Q9C9D0, Q9D939, Q9FZ80, Q9QWG7, Q9WUW8, Q9WUW9, B2RVI8

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

42 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	38
Likely benign	1
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

771 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
2:108378503:GCAG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:108378506:GGTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108378507:GTAG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108378508:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108386177:T:TA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:108386368:AAAAG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108386369:AAAGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108386370:AAG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108386371:AG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108386372:GGTTT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108386373:G:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108386374:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:108381749:ACGT:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108383414:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108383415:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108383415:GT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108386183:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108386188:ATAG:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
2:108386189:T:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108386189:TAG:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
2:108386190:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108386191:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108386191:GA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108386191:GAA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108386191:GAACC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:108387437:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9900
2:108378506:GGT:G	donor_gain	0.9800
2:108378507:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9800
2:108381749:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9800
2:108381750:C:CA	acceptor_gain	0.9800

AlphaMissense

2032 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
2:108378501:A:T	K55I	0.993
2:108383144:T:C	F149L	0.993
2:108383146:C:A	F149L	0.993
2:108383146:C:G	F149L	0.993
2:108386360:T:C	F262L	0.993
2:108386362:C:A	F262L	0.993
2:108386362:C:G	F262L	0.993
2:108378502:A:C	K55N	0.989
2:108378502:A:T	K55N	0.989
2:108382432:C:G	H115D	0.988
2:108383119:G:C	K140N	0.988
2:108383119:G:T	K140N	0.988
2:108382434:T:A	H115Q	0.984
2:108382434:T:G	H115Q	0.984
2:108383430:T:A	W179R	0.984
2:108383430:T:C	W179R	0.984
2:108381854:T:C	F88L	0.983
2:108381856:C:A	F88L	0.983
2:108381856:C:G	F88L	0.983
2:108383451:T:A	W186R	0.983
2:108383451:T:C	W186R	0.983
2:108386225:T:C	F217L	0.982
2:108386227:T:A	F217L	0.982
2:108386227:T:G	F217L	0.982
2:108383120:G:C	D141H	0.981
2:108382428:A:C	K113N	0.980
2:108382428:A:T	K113N	0.980
2:108386368:A:C	R264S	0.980
2:108386368:A:T	R264S	0.980
2:108378477:A:C	D47A	0.979

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000122491 (2:108380356 A>T), RS1000655660 (2:108383426 C>G,T), RS1000853236 (2:108388035 C>A), RS1000995349 (2:108388207 G>A,C), RS1001070677 (2:108388456 T>C), RS1001542800 (2:108377273 C>T), RS1001816672 (2:108383960 C>A,G), RS1002124007 (2:108382792 A>G), RS1002279879 (2:108388851 A>G), RS1002311031 (2:108389221 T>C), RS1002419372 (2:108382159 G>A), RS1003011835 (2:108385302 C>A), RS1003041324 (2:108385644 T>A,C), RS1003103894 (2:108384666 T>C), RS1003218124 (2:108378981 C>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:608357 | disease phenotypes: MIM:608033

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): familial acute necrotizing encephalopathy (MONDO:0011953)

Orphanet (1): Familial acute necrotizing encephalopathy (Orphanet:88619)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST003476_3	Eyebrow thickness	1.000000e-07
GCST010736_2	Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio	1.000000e-07

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007778	urinary albumin to creatinine ratio

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL1743296 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

PharmGKB clinical annotations

1 annotations.

Variant	Type	Level	Drugs	Phenotypes
rs1402467	Efficacy	3	docetaxel;thalidomide	Prostatic Neoplasms

PharmGKB variants

1 variants.

Variant	Genes	Level	Score	#Clin annots	Drugs
rs1402467	SULT1C4	3	2.00	1	docetaxel;thalidomide

CTD chemical–gene interactions

14 total (human), top 14 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Aflatoxin B1	affects expression, increases expression, increases methylation	4
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression, increases methylation	3
Valproic Acid	decreases expression, increases expression	3
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
methylmercuric chloride	increases expression	1
propionaldehyde	decreases expression	1
bisphenol A	increases expression	1
trichostatin A	increases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Arsenic Trioxide	increases expression	1
Acetaminophen	increases expression	1
Biological Factors	increases expression	1
Permethrin	decreases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 admet

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1743308	ADMET	Major substrate of human cytosolic sulfotransferase SULT1C4	Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology The Basic Science of Poisons, 7th edition

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.