TAS2R13

Summary

TAS2R13 (taste 2 receptor member 13, HGNC:14919) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 12p13, encoding Taste receptor type 2 member 13 (Q9NYV9). Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked.

This gene product belongs to the family of candidate taste receptors that are members of the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. These proteins are specifically expressed in the taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelia. They are organized in the genome in clusters and are genetically linked to loci that influence bitter perception in mice and humans. In functional expression studies, they respond to bitter tastants. This gene maps to the taste receptor gene cluster on chromosome 12p13.

Source: NCBI Gene 50838 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Druggable target: yes — 1 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
• MANE Select transcript: NM_023920

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:14919
Approved symbol	TAS2R13
Name	taste 2 receptor member 13
Location	12p13
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	T2R13, TRB3
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000212128
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	604792
Entrez	50838

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding

ENST00000390677

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_023920 NM_023920

CCDS: CCDS8635

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000390677 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001508595	10907926	10909562

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 27 present calls, max score 94.40.

Top tissues by expression

92 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	94.40	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	73.92	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	66.62	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	64.03	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	62.10	silver quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	57.40	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	48.78	silver quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	47.54	silver quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	45.59	silver quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	44.16	silver quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	41.68	silver quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	41.20	silver quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	40.90	silver quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	40.85	silver quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	39.25	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	38.06	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	37.49	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	37.40	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	36.95	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	36.69	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	36.47	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	35.94	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	34.78	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	34.74	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	34.51	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	34.39	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	34.27	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	34.14	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	33.94	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	33.92	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): DDIT3

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

19 targeting TAS2R13, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3120-5P	100.00	65.56	965
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-607	99.97	73.62	5593
HSA-MIR-95-5P	99.89	72.17	3973
HSA-MIR-4307	99.82	70.45	3374
HSA-MIR-3059-5P	99.70	69.93	2491
HSA-MIR-135A-5P	99.36	71.85	1601
HSA-MIR-135B-5P	99.36	71.63	1613
HSA-MIR-4999-5P	99.35	69.15	926
HSA-MIR-20B-3P	99.29	67.05	784
HSA-MIR-4727-5P	99.23	67.55	1154
HSA-MIR-1253	99.12	67.08	1688
HSA-MIR-670-3P	99.03	68.88	2404
HSA-MIR-26B-3P	98.71	67.49	1102
HSA-MIR-6731-3P	98.61	67.86	749
HSA-MIR-3668	98.52	68.76	951
HSA-MIR-4317	98.49	67.09	987
HSA-MIR-3976	96.67	67.79	1187
HSA-MIR-376A-2-5P	96.43	68.06	715

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• It found a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located within the TAS2R13 gene, which showed a significant association with measures of alcohol consumption assessed via the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). (PMID:22824251)
• Genetic variation in TRPV1 and TAS2Rs influence sensations from sampled EtOH and may potentially influence how individuals initially respond to alcoholic beverages. (PMID:25257701)
• Can cornelian cherry mask bitter taste of probiotic chocolate? Human TAS2R receptors and a sensory study with comprehensive characterisation of new functional product. (PMID:33556063)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Tas2r102	ENSMUSG00000056901
mus_musculus	Tas2r124	ENSMUSG00000060412
mus_musculus	Tas2r121	ENSMUSG00000071150
rattus_norvegicus	Tas2r124	ENSRNOG00000021430
rattus_norvegicus	Tas2r102	ENSRNOG00000030993

Paralogs (23): TAS2R8 (ENSG00000121314), TAS2R10 (ENSG00000121318), TAS2R7 (ENSG00000121377), TAS2R9 (ENSG00000121381), TAS2R3 (ENSG00000127362), TAS2R4 (ENSG00000127364), TAS2R5 (ENSG00000127366), TAS2R16 (ENSG00000128519), TAS2R1 (ENSG00000169777), TAS2R60 (ENSG00000185899), TAS2R42 (ENSG00000186136), TAS2R19 (ENSG00000212124), TAS2R50 (ENSG00000212126), TAS2R14 (ENSG00000212127), TAS2R41 (ENSG00000221855), TAS2R40 (ENSG00000221937), TAS2R46 (ENSG00000226761), TAS2R39 (ENSG00000236398), TAS2R43 (ENSG00000255374), TAS2R20 (ENSG00000255837), TAS2R30 (ENSG00000256188), TAS2R31 (ENSG00000256436), TAS2R38 (ENSG00000257138)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Taste receptor type 2 member 13 — Q9NYV9 (reviewed: Q9NYV9)

Alternative names: Taste receptor family B member 3

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9NYV9

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role in sensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alpha gustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5.

Subcellular location. Membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelium and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells.

Miscellaneous. Most taste cells may be activated by a limited number of bitter compounds; individual taste cells can discriminate among bitter stimuli.

Similarity. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_076409* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR007960	TAS2R	Family

Pfam: PF05296

UniProt features (20 total): topological domain 8, transmembrane region 7, glycosylation site 2, sequence variant 2, chain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9NYV9-F1	87.96	0.60

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (2): 162, 166

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

9 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-418594	G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-420499	Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)
R-HSA-9717207	Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction
R-HSA-372790	Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-388396	GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-500792	GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-9709957	Sensory Perception
R-HSA-9717189	Sensory perception of taste

MSigDB gene sets: 61 (showing top): GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_CHEMICAL_STIMULUS, GOBP_DETECTION_OF_CHEMICAL_STIMULUS_INVOLVED_IN_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_TASTE, GOBP_CYTOKINESIS, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_DIVISION, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_TASTE, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_CYCLE, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_CYCLE_PROCESS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CYTOKINESIS, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_CYTOKINESIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_DIVISION, GOBP_DETECTION_OF_STIMULUS, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION, OCT1_B, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_CYCLE_PROCESS, GOBP_CELL_DIVISION

GO Biological Process (5): detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste (GO:0001580), positive regulation of cytokinesis (GO:0032467), signal transduction (GO:0007165), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186), sensory perception of taste (GO:0050909)

GO Molecular Function (3): G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930), taste receptor activity (GO:0008527), bitter taste receptor activity (GO:0033038)

GO Cellular Component (2): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-6 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Signaling by GPCR	2
GPCR downstream signalling	1
GPCR ligand binding	1
Sensory perception of taste	1
Signal Transduction	1
Sensory Perception	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste	2
transmembrane signaling receptor activity	2
sensory perception of bitter taste	1
cytokinesis	1
regulation of cytokinesis	1
positive regulation of cell division	1
positive regulation of cell cycle process	1
cell communication	1
cellular process	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
G protein-coupled receptor activity	1
signal transduction	1
sensory perception of chemical stimulus	1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste	1
taste receptor activity	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

340 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TAS2R13	GNAT3	A8MTJ3	842
TAS2R13	OR52L1	Q8NGH7	622
TAS2R13	OR11H1	Q8NG94	580
TAS2R13	OR4F4	Q96R69	577
TAS2R13	OR1E1	P30953	541
TAS2R13	OR2L13	Q8N349	541
TAS2R13	OR2T33	Q8NG76	528
TAS2R13	OR10G8	Q8NGN5	520
TAS2R13	OR2T1	O43869	513
TAS2R13	OR2D2	Q9H210	506
TAS2R13	OR52H1	Q8NGJ2	506
TAS2R13	OR2A4	O95047	476
TAS2R13	TAS1R2	Q8TE23	469
TAS2R13	OR2J3	O76001	447
TAS2R13	VN1R4	Q7Z5H5	417

IntAct

0 interactions, top by confidence:

BioGRID (2): CDC20 (Affinity Capture-Western), FZR1 (Affinity Capture-Western)

ESM2 similar proteins: P59528, P59530, Q5Y4Z2, Q645T9, Q645U9, Q645V1, Q645Y5, Q645Z3, Q645Z5, Q646A7, Q646B6, Q646B8, Q646C6, Q646D2, Q646D8, Q646D9, Q646F7, Q646G3, Q646G5, Q675B7, Q675B8, Q675B9, Q675C0, Q67ER8, Q67ES1, Q67ES5, Q67ES6, Q67ES9, Q67ET3, Q67ET5, Q7M707, Q7M711, Q7M712, Q7M713, Q7M715, Q7M717, Q7M718, Q7M720, Q7M725, Q7RTR8

Diamond homologs: P0DSN6, P0DTE0, P59528, P59530, P59537, P59538, P59539, P59540, P59541, P59542, P59543, P59544, Q5Y4Y8, Q5Y4Y9, Q5Y4Z5, Q5Y4Z8, Q5Y500, Q645T0, Q645T2, Q645T3, Q645T4, Q645T6, Q645T7, Q645U8, Q645V1, Q645V2, Q645V3, Q645V4, Q645V6, Q645V7, Q645V8, Q645V9, Q645Z2, Q645Z5, Q645Z6, Q645Z7, Q645Z9, Q646A0, Q646A1, Q646A2

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

0 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	0
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

158 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
12:10908595:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9900
12:10909368:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
12:10908442:G:C	donor_gain	0.9500
12:10909365:ACAT:A	donor_gain	0.9500
12:10909366:CATC:C	donor_gain	0.9500
12:10908437:A:C	donor_gain	0.9400
12:10909362:T:C	donor_gain	0.9200
12:10908681:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9100
12:10908681:CTG:C	acceptor_loss	0.9000
12:10908682:T:C	acceptor_loss	0.9000
12:10909395:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9000
12:10908676:TGTTT:T	acceptor_gain	0.8400
12:10908679:TT:T	acceptor_gain	0.8400
12:10909294:T:A	donor_gain	0.8400
12:10908617:TATGG:T	donor_gain	0.8000
12:10908618:ATGGA:A	donor_gain	0.8000
12:10908621:G:T	donor_gain	0.8000
12:10908619:T:C	donor_gain	0.7900
12:10908678:TTT:T	acceptor_gain	0.7900
12:10909350:T:C	donor_gain	0.7800
12:10909369:C:A	donor_gain	0.7800
12:10909367:A:C	donor_gain	0.7600
12:10909367:AT:A	donor_gain	0.7500
12:10908795:A:AC	donor_gain	0.7300
12:10908796:C:CC	donor_gain	0.7300
12:10908683:G:C	acceptor_loss	0.7100
12:10908677:GTTT:G	acceptor_gain	0.6500
12:10909108:A:AC	donor_gain	0.6400
12:10909109:C:CC	donor_gain	0.6400
12:10908441:AG:A	donor_gain	0.6200

AlphaMissense

2006 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
12:10908942:A:C	F119L	0.902
12:10908942:A:T	F119L	0.902
12:10908944:A:G	F119L	0.902
12:10908741:G:C	F186L	0.870
12:10908741:G:T	F186L	0.870
12:10908743:A:G	F186L	0.870
12:10908987:G:C	S104R	0.847
12:10908987:G:T	S104R	0.847
12:10908989:T:G	S104R	0.847
12:10909221:A:C	F26L	0.832
12:10909221:A:T	F26L	0.832
12:10909223:A:G	F26L	0.832
12:10908957:G:C	F114L	0.828
12:10908957:G:T	F114L	0.828
12:10908959:A:G	F114L	0.828
12:10908588:G:C	F237L	0.807
12:10908588:G:T	F237L	0.807
12:10908590:A:G	F237L	0.807
12:10908570:A:C	S243R	0.786
12:10908570:A:T	S243R	0.786
12:10908572:T:G	S243R	0.786
12:10908738:A:C	S187R	0.783
12:10908738:A:T	S187R	0.783
12:10908740:T:G	S187R	0.783
12:10909121:A:G	W60R	0.776
12:10909121:A:T	W60R	0.776
12:10908726:A:C	F191L	0.768
12:10908726:A:T	F191L	0.768
12:10908728:A:G	F191L	0.768
12:10909248:G:C	F17L	0.760

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1001141532 (12:10908525 C>G), RS1001724816 (12:10911492 T>C), RS1001745876 (12:10911484 G>C), RS1002116116 (12:10907453 C>T), RS1003464289 (12:10910408 G>A,T), RS1003624566 (12:10910373 G>A), RS1003821563 (12:10910640 G>C), RS1004038128 (12:10907804 A>G), RS1004292612 (12:10910850 T>C,G), RS1005737601 (12:10909522 T>C), RS1007206506 (12:10911078 G>C,T), RS1007268362 (12:10910881 T>G), RS1007878217 (12:10908353 T>A,C), RS1007886475 (12:10910925 T>G), RS1007929043 (12:10907912 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:604792 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL4523471 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

1 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 40,234 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL434	ISOPROTERENOL	4	40,234

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: gpcr — Taste 2 receptors

ChEMBL bioactivities

1 potent at pChembl≥5 of 1 total, top 1 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
8.31	EC50	4.9	nM	ISOPROTERENOL

CTD chemical–gene interactions

6 total (human), top 6 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
fluorene-9-bisphenol	increases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
Air Pollutants	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases methylation	1
Asbestos, Crocidolite	affects expression	1
Particulate Matter	increases abundance, increases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

7 unique, capped per target: 7 functional

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL4346429	Functional	Antagonist activity at recombinant human TAS2R13 transiently expressed in HEK293T co-expressing Galpha16gust44 assessed as inhibition of oxyphenonium-induced intracellular calcium level by measuring remaining activity at 25 uM by fluo-4AM d	Discovery and Development of S6821 and S7958 as Potent TAS2R8 Antagonists. — J Med Chem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.