TAS2R41

Summary

TAS2R41 (taste 2 receptor member 41, HGNC:18883) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 7q35, encoding Taste receptor type 2 member 41 (P59536). Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked.

This gene encodes a member of the bitter taste receptor family which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily and are predominantly expressed in taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelia. This intronless taste receptor gene encodes a seven-transmembrane receptor protein, functioning as a bitter taste receptor. This gene is clustered together with eight other taste receptor genes on chromosome 7. Chloramphenicol is an agonist for the encoded protein.

Source: NCBI Gene 259287 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 1 total
• Druggable target: yes — 1 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
• MANE Select transcript: NM_176883

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:18883
Approved symbol	TAS2R41
Name	taste 2 receptor member 41
Location	7q35
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	T2R59
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000221855
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	613965
Entrez	259287

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding

ENST00000408916

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_176883 NM_176883

CCDS: CCDS43663

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000408916 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001574645	143477873	143478796

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth tissue_specific, 1 present calls, max score 49.69.

Top tissues by expression

124 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	49.69	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	41.03	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	40.26	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	37.20	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	36.84	silver quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	36.48	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	36.47	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	36.29	silver quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	35.49	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	34.97	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	34.96	gold quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	32.22	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	30.77	silver quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	30.35	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	29.92	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	29.87	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	29.04	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	28.52	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	28.14	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	27.88	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	27.84	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	27.83	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	26.42	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	25.98	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	25.89	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	25.81	gold quality
uterine cervix	UBERON:0000002	25.35	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	24.58	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	24.34	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	24.30	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	tas2r200.2	ENSDARG00000074066
danio_rerio	tas2r200.1	ENSDARG00000079880
mus_musculus	Tas2r126	ENSMUSG00000048284
rattus_norvegicus	Tas2r126	ENSRNOG00000017881

Paralogs (23): TAS2R8 (ENSG00000121314), TAS2R10 (ENSG00000121318), TAS2R7 (ENSG00000121377), TAS2R9 (ENSG00000121381), TAS2R3 (ENSG00000127362), TAS2R4 (ENSG00000127364), TAS2R5 (ENSG00000127366), TAS2R16 (ENSG00000128519), TAS2R1 (ENSG00000169777), TAS2R60 (ENSG00000185899), TAS2R42 (ENSG00000186136), TAS2R19 (ENSG00000212124), TAS2R50 (ENSG00000212126), TAS2R14 (ENSG00000212127), TAS2R13 (ENSG00000212128), TAS2R40 (ENSG00000221937), TAS2R46 (ENSG00000226761), TAS2R39 (ENSG00000236398), TAS2R43 (ENSG00000255374), TAS2R20 (ENSG00000255837), TAS2R30 (ENSG00000256188), TAS2R31 (ENSG00000256436), TAS2R38 (ENSG00000257138)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Taste receptor type 2 member 41 — P59536 (reviewed: P59536)

Alternative names: Taste receptor type 2 member 59

All UniProt accessions (1): P59536

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role in sensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alpha gustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5.

Subcellular location. Membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells.

Miscellaneous. Most taste cells may be activated by a limited number of bitter compounds; individual taste cells can discriminate among bitter stimuli.

Similarity. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_795364* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR007960	TAS2R	Family

Pfam: PF05296

UniProt features (19 total): topological domain 8, transmembrane region 7, chain 1, glycosylation site 1, sequence variant 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P59536-F1	84.98	0.51

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (1): 167

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

9 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-418594	G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-420499	Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)
R-HSA-9717207	Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction
R-HSA-372790	Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-388396	GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-500792	GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-9709957	Sensory Perception
R-HSA-9717189	Sensory perception of taste

MSigDB gene sets: 28 (showing top): GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_CHEMICAL_STIMULUS, GOBP_DETECTION_OF_CHEMICAL_STIMULUS_INVOLVED_IN_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_TASTE, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_TASTE, GOBP_DETECTION_OF_STIMULUS, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION, chr7q35, GOMF_TRANSMEMBRANE_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_BITTER_TASTE_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_TASTE_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOBP_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_DETECTION_OF_STIMULUS_INVOLVED_IN_SENSORY_PERCEPTION, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_BITTER_TASTE, TTANTCA_UNKNOWN, REACTOME_SENSORY_PERCEPTION

GO Biological Process (3): sensory perception of taste (GO:0050909), signal transduction (GO:0007165), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186)

GO Molecular Function (3): G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930), protein binding (GO:0005515), bitter taste receptor activity (GO:0033038)

GO Cellular Component (2): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-6 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Signaling by GPCR	2
GPCR downstream signalling	1
GPCR ligand binding	1
Sensory perception of taste	1
Signal Transduction	1
Sensory Perception	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
sensory perception of chemical stimulus	1
cell communication	1
cellular process	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
G protein-coupled receptor activity	1
signal transduction	1
transmembrane signaling receptor activity	1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1
binding	1
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste	1
taste receptor activity	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

358 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TAS2R41	TAS1R1	Q7RTX1	618
TAS2R41	TAS1R3	Q7RTX0	580
TAS2R41	TAS1R2	Q8TE23	568
TAS2R41	PKD2L1	Q9P0L9	560
TAS2R41	PKD1L3	Q7Z443	560
TAS2R41	OR5J2	Q8NH18	501
TAS2R41	OR51I2	Q9H344	477
TAS2R41	OR13G1	Q8NGZ3	448
TAS2R41	HCN4	Q9Y3Q4	410
TAS2R41	SCNN1D	P51172	380
TAS2R41	OR12D2	P58182	370
TAS2R41	GPRC6A	Q5T6X5	369
TAS2R41	MYO3A	Q8NEV4	344
TAS2R41	CASR	P41180	331
TAS2R41	VSTM2B	A6NLU5	321

IntAct

6 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
TAS2R41	DESI1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TAS2R41	YKT6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
TAS2R41	DESI1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (33): YKT6 (Affinity Capture-MS), PAK1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LASP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SNX3 (Affinity Capture-MS), NIPSNAP3A (Affinity Capture-MS), SEPHS1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CBFB (Affinity Capture-MS), SCRN2 (Affinity Capture-MS), PAK1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CBFB (Affinity Capture-MS), SNX3 (Affinity Capture-MS), SCRN2 (Affinity Capture-MS), MECR (Affinity Capture-MS), YKT6 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHRAC1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0R4IM31, A0A0R4IP11, P59532, P59533, P59536, P59551, Q2AB83, Q4VHE7, Q5J3F6, Q5J3L4, Q5J3L7, Q5J3M3, Q5J3M9, Q5J3N1, Q5Y4Z0, Q645S2, Q645U0, Q645U6, Q645U7, Q645Y3, Q645Z0, Q645Z1, Q646A4, Q646A5, Q646B2, Q646C7, Q646D0, Q646D5, Q646E6, Q646E9, Q646F3, Q67ER9, Q67ES2, Q67ES7, Q697L2, Q697L3, Q697L4, Q697L5, Q697L6, Q7TQA6

Diamond homologs: P59529, P59536, P59551, Q5Y4Z0, Q645S2, Q645U1, Q645U2, Q645U6, Q645U7, Q645Y3, Q645Y4, Q645Z0, Q646A5, Q646B2, Q646B3, Q646C7, Q646D0, Q646D1, Q646E7, Q646E8, Q646F1, Q646F3, Q646G6, Q67ES2, Q67ES3, Q67ES7, Q7M720, Q7TQA7, Q7TQA9, Q7TQB0, Q7TQB9, Q9JKE7, Q9JKF0, Q9JKT7, Q9JKU0, Q9NYV7, P59530, P59532, P59534, P59537

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

1 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	1
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

248 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
7:143477918:C:G	donor_gain	0.9000
7:143477971:G:GT	donor_gain	0.8600
7:143477989:C:T	donor_gain	0.8600
7:143477993:T:TA	donor_gain	0.7100
7:143478621:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.6900
7:143478093:TC:T	donor_gain	0.6800
7:143478097:G:GG	donor_gain	0.6700
7:143477917:GC:G	donor_gain	0.6600
7:143477918:C:CG	donor_gain	0.6600
7:143478094:CG:C	donor_gain	0.6600
7:143478096:A:AG	donor_gain	0.6500
7:143478571:G:GT	donor_gain	0.6400
7:143478462:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.6300
7:143477994:T:TA	donor_gain	0.6100
7:143478654:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.6100
7:143478655:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.6100
7:143478655:GAAC:G	acceptor_gain	0.6100
7:143477963:C:CG	donor_gain	0.6000
7:143478105:G:GT	donor_gain	0.5900
7:143478655:GAA:G	acceptor_gain	0.5900
7:143478651:T:G	acceptor_gain	0.5700
7:143478654:A:G	acceptor_loss	0.5700
7:143478655:G:A	acceptor_loss	0.5700
7:143478637:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.5600
7:143478638:A:G	acceptor_gain	0.5500
7:143477996:C:G	donor_gain	0.5400
7:143478089:A:T	donor_gain	0.5400
7:143478615:T:A	acceptor_gain	0.5400
7:143478398:A:T	donor_gain	0.5300
7:143478493:G:GC	acceptor_gain	0.5300

AlphaMissense

2008 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
7:143478182:A:C	S104R	0.946
7:143478184:T:A	S104R	0.946
7:143478184:T:G	S104R	0.946
7:143478173:A:C	S101R	0.935
7:143478175:C:A	S101R	0.935
7:143478175:C:G	S101R	0.935
7:143478458:T:C	F196L	0.925
7:143478460:T:A	F196L	0.925
7:143478460:T:G	F196L	0.925
7:143478020:A:C	S50R	0.923
7:143478022:C:A	S50R	0.923
7:143478022:C:G	S50R	0.923
7:143478191:T:C	F107L	0.908
7:143478193:C:A	F107L	0.908
7:143478193:C:G	F107L	0.908
7:143477944:T:A	N24K	0.892
7:143477944:T:G	N24K	0.892
7:143478587:T:C	F239L	0.887
7:143478589:C:A	F239L	0.887
7:143478589:C:G	F239L	0.887
7:143478227:T:C	F119L	0.885
7:143478229:C:A	F119L	0.885
7:143478229:C:G	F119L	0.885
7:143477948:T:C	F26L	0.872
7:143477950:C:A	F26L	0.872
7:143477950:C:G	F26L	0.872
7:143477946:G:A	G25D	0.863
7:143478241:G:C	K123N	0.857
7:143478241:G:T	K123N	0.857
7:143478164:T:A	W98R	0.855

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1001055206 (7:143477168 C>A), RS1001105841 (7:143477481 C>T), RS1001671491 (7:143477434 G>A), RS1001805417 (7:143477784 T>C), RS1002137754 (7:143475910 C>T), RS1002802221 (7:143479204 G>A), RS1003851920 (7:143476548 G>GA), RS1005528657 (7:143478210 A>G), RS1009605658 (7:143479132 C>T), RS1010040085 (7:143479041 A>G), RS1010353813 (7:143477696 G>A,C), RS1011891812 (7:143478859 C>A,T), RS1013077303 (7:143479230 T>A,C), RS1013851783 (7:143476046 G>C), RS1014296729 (7:143475890 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:613965 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3309108 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

1 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 40,234 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL434	ISOPROTERENOL	4	40,234

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: gpcr — Taste 2 receptors

ChEMBL bioactivities

1 potent at pChembl≥5 of 1 total, top 1 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
8.31	EC50	4.9	nM	ISOPROTERENOL

CTD chemical–gene interactions

4 total (human), top 4 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	decreases methylation	1
Lead	decreases expression	1
Asbestos, Crocidolite	affects expression	1
Copper Sulfate	increases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

54 unique, capped per target: 53 functional, 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL3361957	Binding	Agonist activity at human TAS2R41 expressed in U2OS cells by Ga16gust44 Clone 7A FLIPR/summary (Abse5) assay	Identification of diarylsulfonamides as agonists of the free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120). — Bioorg Med Chem Lett
CHEMBL4346435	Functional	Antagonist activity at recombinant human TAS2R41 transiently expressed in HEK293T co-expressing Galpha16gust44 assessed as inhibition of picric acid-induced intracellular calcium level by measuring remaining activity at 25 uM by fluo-4AM dy	Discovery and Development of S6821 and S7958 as Potent TAS2R8 Antagonists. — J Med Chem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.