TAS2R50

Summary

TAS2R50 (taste 2 receptor member 50, HGNC:18882) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 12p13.2, encoding Taste receptor type 2 member 50 (P59544). Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked.

TAS2R50 belongs to the large TAS2R receptor family. TAS2Rs are expressed on the surface of taste receptor cells and mediate the perception of bitterness through a G protein-coupled second messenger pathway (Conte et al., 2002 [PubMed 12584440]). See also TAS2R10 (MIM 604791).

Source: NCBI Gene 259296 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 2 total
• Druggable target: yes — 1 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
• MANE Select transcript: NM_176890

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:18882
Approved symbol	TAS2R50
Name	taste 2 receptor member 50
Location	12p13.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	T2R51
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000212126
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	609627
Entrez	259296

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding

ENST00000506868

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_176890 NM_176890

CCDS: CCDS8638

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000506868 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00002055912	10985913	10986912

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 51 present calls, max score 91.24.

Top tissues by expression

83 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	91.24	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	69.15	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	66.00	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	61.93	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	60.91	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	55.54	silver quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	54.07	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	53.53	silver quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	51.98	silver quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	47.58	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	45.17	silver quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	44.94	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	43.81	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	43.21	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	42.09	silver quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	41.89	silver quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	40.96	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	40.79	silver quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	40.78	silver quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	40.66	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	40.22	silver quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	39.62	silver quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	38.57	silver quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	38.50	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	38.48	silver quality
lung	UBERON:0002048	38.41	gold quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	38.25	silver quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	38.04	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	37.08	silver quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	36.74	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 6)

• TAS2R50 is activated by the natural bitter terpenoids andrographolide and amarogentin. (PMID:19817411)
• Assessment of KIF6 genotype is not useful in predicting low density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering response to pravastatin, and heart disease risk reduction in the elderly. (PMID:22192511)
• genetic association studies in populations in Northern Europe, Maghreb, and Sri Lanka: Data suggest that SNPs in TAS2R50 (rs1376251), TRPM5 (rs800345), and TAS2R16 (rs860170) are associated with cultural food preferences; TAS2R16 (rs860170) strongly differentiates populations and is associated to salicin bitterness perception. (TRPM5 = transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 5) (PMID:28366770)
• Polymorphism of TAS2R3, TAS2R5, TAS2R19, and TAS2R50 genes and bitter food intake frequency inelderly woman. (PMID:32227702)
• Bitter Taste Receptors and Chronic Otitis Media. (PMID:33433247)
• Bitter Sensing TAS2R50 Mediates the trans-Resveratrol-Induced Anti-inflammatory Effect on Interleukin 6 Release in HGF-1 Cells in Culture. (PMID:33461297)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Tas2r136	ENSMUSG00000053217
mus_musculus	Tas2r120	ENSMUSG00000059382
rattus_norvegicus	Tas2r120	ENSRNOG00000021445
rattus_norvegicus	Tas2r136	ENSRNOG00000029561

Paralogs (23): TAS2R8 (ENSG00000121314), TAS2R10 (ENSG00000121318), TAS2R7 (ENSG00000121377), TAS2R9 (ENSG00000121381), TAS2R3 (ENSG00000127362), TAS2R4 (ENSG00000127364), TAS2R5 (ENSG00000127366), TAS2R16 (ENSG00000128519), TAS2R1 (ENSG00000169777), TAS2R60 (ENSG00000185899), TAS2R42 (ENSG00000186136), TAS2R19 (ENSG00000212124), TAS2R14 (ENSG00000212127), TAS2R13 (ENSG00000212128), TAS2R41 (ENSG00000221855), TAS2R40 (ENSG00000221937), TAS2R46 (ENSG00000226761), TAS2R39 (ENSG00000236398), TAS2R43 (ENSG00000255374), TAS2R20 (ENSG00000255837), TAS2R30 (ENSG00000256188), TAS2R31 (ENSG00000256436), TAS2R38 (ENSG00000257138)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Taste receptor type 2 member 50 — P59544 (reviewed: P59544)

Alternative names: Taste receptor type 2 member 51

All UniProt accessions (1): P59544

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role in sensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alpha gustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5.

Subcellular location. Membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells.

Miscellaneous. Most taste cells may be activated by a limited number of bitter compounds; individual taste cells can discriminate among bitter stimuli.

Similarity. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_795371* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR007960	TAS2R	Family

Pfam: PF05296

UniProt features (18 total): topological domain 8, transmembrane region 7, chain 1, glycosylation site 1, sequence variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P59544-F1	85.07	0.39

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (1): 161

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

9 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-418594	G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-420499	Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)
R-HSA-9717207	Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction
R-HSA-372790	Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-388396	GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-500792	GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-9709957	Sensory Perception
R-HSA-9717189	Sensory perception of taste

MSigDB gene sets: 28 (showing top): GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_CHEMICAL_STIMULUS, GOBP_DETECTION_OF_CHEMICAL_STIMULUS_INVOLVED_IN_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_TASTE, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_TASTE, GOBP_DETECTION_OF_STIMULUS, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION, GOMF_TRANSMEMBRANE_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_BITTER_TASTE_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_TASTE_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOBP_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_DETECTION_OF_STIMULUS_INVOLVED_IN_SENSORY_PERCEPTION, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_BITTER_TASTE, REACTOME_SENSORY_PERCEPTION, REACTOME_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_TASTE, GSE26928_CENTR_MEMORY_VS_CXCR5_POS_CD4_TCELL_UP

GO Biological Process (4): detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste (GO:0001580), signal transduction (GO:0007165), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186), sensory perception of taste (GO:0050909)

GO Molecular Function (2): G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930), bitter taste receptor activity (GO:0033038)

GO Cellular Component (2): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-6 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Signaling by GPCR	2
GPCR downstream signalling	1
GPCR ligand binding	1
Sensory perception of taste	1
Signal Transduction	1
Sensory Perception	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste	1
sensory perception of bitter taste	1
cell communication	1
cellular process	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
G protein-coupled receptor activity	1
signal transduction	1
sensory perception of chemical stimulus	1
transmembrane signaling receptor activity	1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste	1
taste receptor activity	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

398 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TAS2R50	OR13G1	Q8NGZ3	979
TAS2R50	PALLD	Q8WX93	915
TAS2R50	ROS1	P08922	908
TAS2R50	OR52L1	Q8NGH7	643
TAS2R50	TAS1R2	Q8TE23	628
TAS2R50	KIF6	Q6ZMV9	583
TAS2R50	OR11H1	Q8NG94	582
TAS2R50	OR1E1	P30953	580
TAS2R50	ZNF627	Q7L945	578
TAS2R50	OR2J3	O76001	575
TAS2R50	OR2L13	Q8N349	573
TAS2R50	PKD2L1	Q9P0L9	572
TAS2R50	PKD1L3	Q7Z443	542
TAS2R50	OR4F4	Q96R69	541
TAS2R50	TAS2R60	P59551	514

IntAct

2 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
TAS2R50	RPSA2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (3): RPSAP58 (Affinity Capture-MS), HK3 (Affinity Capture-MS), TAS2R50 (Positive Genetic)

ESM2 similar proteins: P0DSN6, P0DTE0, P59537, P59538, P59539, P59540, P59541, P59542, P59543, P59544, Q5Y4Y8, Q5Y4Y9, Q5Y4Z5, Q5Y4Z8, Q5Y500, Q645T2, Q645T3, Q645T4, Q645T6, Q645V2, Q645V3, Q645V4, Q645V6, Q645V7, Q645Z2, Q645Z6, Q645Z7, Q645Z9, Q646A0, Q646A1, Q646B4, Q646B9, Q646C0, Q646C1, Q646C2, Q646C3, Q646E0, Q646E1, Q646E2, Q646E3

Diamond homologs: P0DSN6, P0DTE0, P59528, P59530, P59537, P59538, P59539, P59540, P59541, P59542, P59543, P59544, Q5Y4Y8, Q5Y4Y9, Q5Y4Z5, Q5Y4Z8, Q5Y500, Q645T0, Q645T2, Q645T3, Q645T4, Q645T6, Q645T7, Q645U8, Q645V1, Q645V2, Q645V3, Q645V4, Q645V6, Q645V7, Q645V8, Q645V9, Q645Z2, Q645Z5, Q645Z6, Q645Z7, Q645Z9, Q646A0, Q646A1, Q646A2

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

2 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	1
Likely benign	0
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

396 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
12:10986423:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.8300
12:10986117:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.8000
12:10986236:TCTTC:T	acceptor_gain	0.7800
12:10986274:A:T	acceptor_gain	0.7600
12:10986250:T:TC	acceptor_gain	0.7400
12:10986804:G:T	acceptor_gain	0.7300
12:10986535:TTGA:T	acceptor_gain	0.7200
12:10986830:T:TC	acceptor_gain	0.7100
12:10986241:T:C	acceptor_gain	0.7000
12:10986118:G:T	acceptor_gain	0.6900
12:10986250:T:C	acceptor_gain	0.6900
12:10986125:T:TC	acceptor_gain	0.6800
12:10986253:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.6800
12:10986273:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.6700
12:10986899:A:AC	donor_gain	0.6700
12:10986237:CTT:C	acceptor_gain	0.6500
12:10986325:A:AC	donor_gain	0.6400
12:10986326:C:CC	donor_gain	0.6400
12:10986255:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.6300
12:10986495:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.6300
12:10986235:ATCTT:A	acceptor_gain	0.6200
12:10986246:A:C	acceptor_gain	0.6200
12:10986491:T:A	donor_gain	0.6200
12:10986824:T:TC	acceptor_gain	0.6200
12:10986122:CGAT:C	acceptor_gain	0.6100
12:10986233:GCATC:G	acceptor_gain	0.6100
12:10986248:G:C	acceptor_gain	0.6000
12:10986285:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.6000
12:10986240:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.5900
12:10986246:A:AC	acceptor_gain	0.5900

AlphaMissense

1970 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
12:10986507:A:C	F118L	0.851
12:10986507:A:T	F118L	0.851
12:10986509:A:G	F118L	0.851
12:10986522:G:C	F113L	0.802
12:10986522:G:T	F113L	0.802
12:10986524:A:G	F113L	0.802
12:10986783:G:C	F26L	0.783
12:10986783:G:T	F26L	0.783
12:10986785:A:G	F26L	0.783
12:10986572:A:G	W97R	0.749
12:10986572:A:T	W97R	0.749
12:10986159:G:C	F234L	0.746
12:10986159:G:T	F234L	0.746
12:10986161:A:G	F234L	0.746
12:10986552:G:C	S103R	0.729
12:10986552:G:T	S103R	0.729
12:10986554:T:G	S103R	0.729
12:10986683:A:G	W60R	0.716
12:10986683:A:T	W60R	0.716
12:10986810:A:C	F17L	0.715
12:10986810:A:T	F17L	0.715
12:10986812:A:G	F17L	0.715
12:10986576:G:C	S95R	0.687
12:10986576:G:T	S95R	0.687
12:10986578:T:G	S95R	0.687
12:10986495:C:A	K122N	0.668
12:10986495:C:G	K122N	0.668
12:10986297:A:C	F188L	0.667
12:10986297:A:T	F188L	0.667
12:10986299:A:G	F188L	0.667

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000691890 (12:10987953 T>C), RS1001707729 (12:10988018 A>G), RS1002330254 (12:10986688 A>C), RS1004777592 (12:10988761 C>T), RS1004970551 (12:10988071 T>A), RS1005097006 (12:10988389 AG>A), RS1005214151 (12:10988499 A>G), RS1006100072 (12:10987129 G>C), RS1006860685 (12:10987174 C>T), RS1008689399 (12:10987461 C>A,T), RS1011699603 (12:10987484 C>G), RS1012733648 (12:10986273 C>T), RS1014293952 (12:10988747 T>G), RS1014607382 (12:10988402 AT>A), RS1016497874 (12:10987197 T>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:609627 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3559706 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

1 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 40,234 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL434	ISOPROTERENOL	4	40,234

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: gpcr — Taste 2 receptors

Most potent curated ligand interactions (1 total), top 1:

Ligand	Action	Affinity	Parameter
andrographolide	Agonist	4.64	pEC50

ChEMBL bioactivities

1 potent at pChembl≥5 of 1 total, top 1 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
8.31	EC50	4.9	nM	ISOPROTERENOL

CTD chemical–gene interactions

15 total (human), top 15 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
perfluorooctanoic acid	decreases expression	1
andrographolide	increases activity, affects binding	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	increases expression	1
amarogentin	affects binding, increases activity	1
perfluorohexanesulfonic acid	increases expression	1
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
MT19c compound	increases expression	1
Air Pollutants	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Ethanol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Catechin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Folic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Methotrexate	decreases expression	1
Cyclosporine	increases methylation	1
Asbestos, Crocidolite	affects expression	1
Particulate Matter	increases abundance, increases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

7 unique, capped per target: 7 functional

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL4346437	Functional	Antagonist activity at recombinant human TAS2R50 transiently expressed in HEK293T co-expressing Galpha16gust44 assessed as inhibition of andrographolide-induced intracellular calcium level by measuring remaining activity at 25 uM by fluo-4A	Discovery and Development of S6821 and S7958 as Potent TAS2R8 Antagonists. — J Med Chem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.