TNFAIP2

Summary

TNFAIP2 (TNF alpha induced protein 2, HGNC:11895) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 14q32.32, encoding Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 2 (Q03169). May play a role as a mediator of inflammation and angiogenesis.

This gene was identified as a gene whose expression can be induced by the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) in umbilical vein endothelial cells. The expression of this gene was shown to be induced by retinoic acid in a cell line expressing a oncogenic version of the retinoic acid receptor alpha fusion protein, which suggested that this gene may be a retinoic acid target gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Source: NCBI Gene 7127 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 3
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 113 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_006291

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:11895
Approved symbol	TNFAIP2
Name	TNF alpha induced protein 2
Location	14q32.32
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	B94, EXOC3L3
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000185215
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	603300
Entrez	7127

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 20 — 14 protein_coding, 3 nonsense_mediated_decay, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000333007, ENST00000558056, ENST00000559195, ENST00000559255, ENST00000559406, ENST00000560428, ENST00000560562, ENST00000560670, ENST00000560869, ENST00000561156, ENST00000561217, ENST00000903839, ENST00000903840, ENST00000918116, ENST00000964710, ENST00000964711, ENST00000964712, ENST00000964713, ENST00000964714, ENST00000964715

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_006291 NM_001371220, NM_001371221, NM_006291

CCDS: CCDS9979

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000560869 — 12 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00003465415	103131052	103131150
ENSE00003472321	103133682	103133803
ENSE00003473672	103133362	103133517
ENSE00003482206	103129740	103129854
ENSE00003503996	103131639	103131762
ENSE00003544534	103126310	103126692
ENSE00003565682	103132750	103132872
ENSE00003590072	103130002	103130124
ENSE00003674592	103130315	103130415
ENSE00003892876	103127005	103127629
ENSE00003899687	103135219	103137439
ENSE00004282451	103123461	103123951

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 250 present calls, max score 99.47.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 56.3231 / max 5293.3251, expressed in 1494 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (25 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
141701	43.1156	1403
141699	4.4817	399
141718	1.6209	404
141703	0.6654	244
141720	0.5899	196
141723	0.5550	193
141721	0.4836	165
141714	0.4356	138
141711	0.4246	173
141715	0.3971	136

Top tissues by expression

281 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	99.47	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	99.02	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	98.91	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	98.91	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	98.63	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	98.56	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	98.39	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	98.14	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	98.12	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	98.09	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	98.01	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	97.82	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	97.78	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	97.64	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	97.56	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	97.48	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	97.21	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	97.13	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	97.12	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	96.94	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	96.91	gold quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	96.75	gold quality
upper lobe of lung	UBERON:0008948	96.75	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	96.64	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	96.55	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	96.48	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	96.45	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	96.45	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	96.43	gold quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	96.40	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 19 experiment(s), a significant marker in 14.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-7	yes	7016.46
E-ENAD-21	yes	6474.01
E-MTAB-6075	yes	5225.23
E-HCAD-23	yes	1121.29
E-GEOD-81547	yes	881.69
E-MTAB-10855	yes	854.16
E-GEOD-110499	yes	836.75
E-MTAB-10885	yes	692.46
E-MTAB-9221	yes	26.09
E-CURD-46	yes	17.59
E-GEOD-83139	yes	12.36
E-MTAB-7249	yes	11.26
E-ENAD-27	yes	7.24
E-MTAB-7381	no	4722.89
E-CURD-55	no	647.39

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): IRF6, NFKB, RARA

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

71 targeting TNFAIP2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-126-5P	100.00	72.71	3180
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-371B-5P	99.99	75.34	4759
HSA-MIR-6870-5P	99.99	68.55	2115
HSA-MIR-373-5P	99.98	75.36	4753
HSA-MIR-616-5P	99.98	75.58	4775
HSA-MIR-520D-5P	99.98	73.34	4883
HSA-MIR-524-5P	99.98	73.43	4882
HSA-MIR-4723-5P	99.97	68.70	2034
HSA-MIR-5698	99.97	68.49	2029
HSA-MIR-7111-5P	99.97	68.48	2062
HSA-MIR-4525	99.94	64.38	675
HSA-MIR-5010-5P	99.94	64.11	705
HSA-MIR-6783-3P	99.89	67.92	2059
HSA-MIR-1343-3P	99.89	66.78	1815
HSA-MIR-4496	99.88	68.89	2236
HSA-MIR-944	99.82	70.85	3042
HSA-MIR-6752-3P	99.72	66.71	1587
HSA-MIR-10393-5P	99.65	68.01	1368
HSA-MIR-6132	99.60	65.83	1554
HSA-MIR-4261	99.59	70.30	3415
HSA-MIR-4452	99.50	68.45	1493
HSA-MIR-4672	99.50	71.58	2893
HSA-MIR-6083	99.47	68.73	2393
HSA-MIR-1275	99.47	67.90	2749
HSA-MIR-940	99.37	66.14	2064
HSA-MIR-520A-5P	99.35	66.72	1632
HSA-MIR-525-5P	99.35	66.85	1615

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 23)

• TNFAIP2 is a cell migration-promoting protein and its expression predicts distant metastasis. Our data suggest that TNFAIP2 may serve as an independent prognostic indicator for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (PMID:21057457)
• TNFAIP2 is a target gene of the BACH1 transcription factor according to ChIP-seq analysis in HEK 293 cells. (PMID:21555518)
• TNFAIP2 may serve as a useful new marker of dendritic and histiocytic sarcomas. (PMID:21921781)
• A functional variant at the miR-184 binding site in TNFAIP2 is associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. (PMID:21934093)
• The TNFAIP2 miRNA binding site rs8126 T>C single nucleotide polymorphism may be a marker for susceptibility to gastric cancer. (PMID:23724109)
• the regulation of TNFAIP2 and its role in promoting NPC tumor progression (PMID:23975427)
• A functional TNFAIP2 3’-UTR rs8126 genetic polymorphism contributes to risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:25383966)
• findings collectively suggest that TNFAIP2 is a direct KLF5 target gene, and both KLF5 and TNFAIP2 promote breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion through Rac1 and Cdc42 (PMID:26189798)
• data suggest that TNFAIP2 is a novel inhibitor of NF-kappa-B that acts as an autoinhibitor of the TNFalpha response during septic shock. (PMID:26347487)
• A polarized secretion assay suggested that the silencing of endothelial myeloid-secretory impairs T effector transendothelial migration by reducing the preferential secretion of endothelial-produced CCL2. (PMID:26701136)
• Taken together, genome-wide chromatin analysis of Legionella pneumophila-infected macrophages demonstrated induction of TNFAIP2, a NF-kappaB-dependent factor relevant for bacterial replication. (PMID:27130431)
• Data indicate that TNFAIP2 overexpression may facilitate proliferation and metastasis via activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:28393234)
• Study investigates the role of miR-221 in the inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis following spinal cord I/R and the potential participation of TNFAIP2 signaling in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-stressed neuronal cell lines. TNFAIP2 overexpression reversed the inflammatory response and cell apoptosis induced by miR-221 under OGD stress. (PMID:29596155)
• The expression of TNFAIP2 is frequently abnormal in human cancers and in infectious diseases. Due to its significant functions in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, TNFAIP2 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer. (PMID:30145807)
• ERp29-MSec interaction appeared to require the presence of other bridging protein(s), perhaps triggered by post-translational modification of ERp29 (PMID:30877198)
• Knockdown of TNFAIP2 resulted in upregulation of E-cadherin expression and downregulation of TWIST1 expression, which decreased motile function in platinum-resistant urothelial cancer cells. (PMID:31263157)
• we establish TNFAIP2 as a novel target of uORF-mediated translational regulation. Furthermore, our findings suggest that during macrophage differentiation a major uORF-dependent translational switch occurs. (PMID:31392347)
• M-Sec facilitates intercellular transmission of HIV-1 through multiple mechanisms. (PMID:32650782)
• Genetic polymorphisms of PGF and TNFAIP2 genes related to cervical cancer risk among Uygur females from China. (PMID:33109108)
• STAT1 epigenetically regulates LCP2 and TNFAIP2 by recruiting EP300 to contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. (PMID:34112215)
• Pan-cancer analysis of oncogenic TNFAIP2 identifying its prognostic value and immunological function in acute myeloid leukemia. (PMID:36243694)
• TNFAIP2 confers cisplatin resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via KEAP1/NRF2 signaling. (PMID:37525222)
• The miR-146b-3p/TNFAIP2 axis regulates cell differentiation in acute myeloid leukaemia. (PMID:38271140)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	tnfaip2a	ENSDARG00000043416
danio_rerio	tnfaip2b	ENSDARG00000058160
mus_musculus	Tnfaip2	ENSMUSG00000021281
rattus_norvegicus	Tnfaip2	ENSRNOG00000010165

Paralogs (4): EXOC3L1 (ENSG00000179044), EXOC3 (ENSG00000180104), EXOC3L4 (ENSG00000205436), EXOC3L2 (ENSG00000283632)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 2 — Q03169 (reviewed: Q03169)

Alternative names: Primary response gene B94 protein

All UniProt accessions (7): Q03169, H0YKI8, H0YKR7, H0YKY9, H0YL88, H0YLC0, H0YM45

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. May play a role as a mediator of inflammation and angiogenesis.

Induction. By TNF and other pro-inflammatory factors.

Similarity. Belongs to the SEC6 family.

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001358149, NP_001358150, NP_006282* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR010326	EXOC3/Sec6	Family
IPR042532	EXOC3/Sec6_C	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF06046

UniProt features (8 total): sequence variant 4, region of interest 2, chain 1, compositionally biased region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q03169-F1	86.05	0.73

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 386 (showing top): GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD11B_DC_DN, MODULE_516, TSENG_IRS1_TARGETS_UP, AMIT_EGF_RESPONSE_60_HELA, MODULE_45, KENNY_CTNNB1_TARGETS_UP, GAUSSMANN_MLL_AF4_FUSION_TARGETS_A_UP, MCBRYAN_PUBERTAL_TGFB1_TARGETS_DN, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, MONNIER_POSTRADIATION_TUMOR_ESCAPE_UP, HINATA_NFKB_TARGETS_KERATINOCYTE_UP, VART_KSHV_INFECTION_ANGIOGENIC_MARKERS_UP, MISSIAGLIA_REGULATED_BY_METHYLATION_UP, GOBP_EXOCYTOSIS, DAWSON_METHYLATED_IN_LYMPHOMA_TCL1

GO Biological Process (4): angiogenesis (GO:0001525), exocytosis (GO:0006887), cell differentiation (GO:0030154), exocyst localization (GO:0051601)

GO Molecular Function (2): SNARE binding (GO:0000149), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (2): exocyst (GO:0000145), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
blood vessel morphogenesis	1
anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis	1
vesicle-mediated transport	1
secretion by cell	1
vesicle fusion to plasma membrane	1
cellular developmental process	1
protein-containing complex localization	1
protein binding	1
binding	1
cell cortex	1
vesicle tethering complex	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1406 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TNFAIP2	IL1B	P01584	560
TNFAIP2	TNF	P01375	555
TNFAIP2	TNFAIP3	P21580	535
TNFAIP2	TNFAIP6	P98066	474
TNFAIP2	GP2	P55259	454
TNFAIP2	SAMD4A	Q9UPU9	448
TNFAIP2	SPIB	Q01892	443
TNFAIP2	RALA	P11233	429
TNFAIP2	TNFAIP8	O95379	410
TNFAIP2	WARS1	P23381	402
TNFAIP2	ZFYVE21	Q9BQ24	396
TNFAIP2	DENND1B	Q6P3S1	372
TNFAIP2	WARS2	Q9UGM6	365
TNFAIP2	TNFRSF1A	P19438	362
TNFAIP2	TNFAIP1	Q13829	351

IntAct

46 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CFTR	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.710
USP2	TNFAIP2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TMEM9	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
FAM174A	BLTP3B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CD70	METTL15	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
APLNR	SLC33A1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
TMEM184A	SLC33A1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
NPTN	TNPO2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
GPR17	IPO8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CD244	MTX2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ERBB2	NDUFA4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
NEK4	E2F8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	DENND11	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PA	DDX39A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MGARP	BTAF1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GOT1	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GPR182	SLC12A8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TMEM9B	NBAS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GML	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MFSD4A	UBXN8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
VIPR1	SLC33A1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RAB32	GAPDHS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GPR84	EI24	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLAMF1	TNFRSF10B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MICA	TNFRSF10B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
VSIG4	TNFRSF10B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
BSG	TNPO2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LRRC25	SCAMP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RAMP3	MGST3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (143): TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Two-hybrid), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Proximity Label-MS), TNFAIP2 (Proximity Label-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-RNA), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TNFAIP2 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2AV37, A2BID5, A2VDR8, A7E2Y6, A7Z033, B4DZS4, O15068, O35821, O60645, O70576, O94812, P52630, P83436, Q01755, Q03169, Q08CY4, Q0P4Q0, Q0V8C2, Q14746, Q15021, Q17RC7, Q19262, Q1LXZ7, Q2TBH9, Q3T1G7, Q3TBD2, Q3UM29, Q5H9J9, Q5XI00, Q61333, Q62825, Q63406, Q64096, Q6DIA2, Q6GPP1, Q6KAR6, Q7T006, Q80TT2, Q80VA5, Q8K1H7

Diamond homologs: Q03169, Q61333

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

113 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	94
Likely benign	6
Benign	4

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

2165 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
14:103127627:CAAGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103127628:AAGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103127630:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103127631:T:G	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103129738:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103129739:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103129999:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
14:103130000:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103130000:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103130001:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103130001:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103130001:GGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103130001:GGCC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103130001:GGCCA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103130121:CCAG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103130122:CAGG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103130123:AGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103130124:GGTAC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103130412:GGAG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103130413:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103131040:T:TA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103131046:C:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103131050:A:AC	acceptor_loss	1.0000
14:103131050:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103131051:G:GT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103131051:GC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103131051:GCT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103131051:GCTA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103131149:CGGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103131151:G:GC	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4214 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
14:103127607:T:A	W280R	0.991
14:103127607:T:C	W280R	0.991
14:103127452:T:C	L228P	0.989
14:103127622:T:G	Y285D	0.988
14:103130055:G:C	W343C	0.987
14:103130055:G:T	W343C	0.987
14:103130098:A:C	S358R	0.987
14:103130100:C:A	S358R	0.987
14:103130100:C:G	S358R	0.987
14:103127325:T:A	W186R	0.985
14:103127325:T:C	W186R	0.985
14:103130053:T:A	W343R	0.985
14:103130053:T:C	W343R	0.985
14:103135252:G:C	K619N	0.981
14:103135252:G:T	K619N	0.981
14:103127526:T:G	Y253D	0.979
14:103131074:T:C	F408L	0.979
14:103131076:T:A	F408L	0.979
14:103131076:T:G	F408L	0.979
14:103127609:G:C	W280C	0.978
14:103127609:G:T	W280C	0.978
14:103127337:T:A	W190R	0.977
14:103127337:T:C	W190R	0.977
14:103131136:C:A	N428K	0.977
14:103131136:C:G	N428K	0.977
14:103129837:T:C	F320L	0.976
14:103129839:C:A	F320L	0.976
14:103129839:C:G	F320L	0.976
14:103127449:A:C	D227A	0.974
14:103127431:G:A	G221D	0.973

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000115504 (14:103137541 A>G), RS1000257035 (14:103122720 C>A), RS1000500933 (14:103121096 T>G), RS1000607872 (14:103133648 C>A,T), RS1000687594 (14:103122443 G>A), RS1000762276 (14:103128258 A>G), RS1001228669 (14:103128479 C>T), RS1001484187 (14:103122227 T>C), RS1001592663 (14:103127829 G>A), RS1001743559 (14:103135560 G>T), RS1001947797 (14:103124800 G>A,T), RS1001974671 (14:103136464 T>C), RS1002384706 (14:103125361 C>T), RS1002472141 (14:103128132 G>A), RS1002524354 (14:103128383 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:603300 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

3 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001010_21	Primary biliary cholangitis	3.000000e-13
GCST003129_9	Primary biliary cholangitis	6.000000e-19
GCST005951_8	Body mass index	7.000000e-09

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004267	biliary liver cirrhosis
EFO:0004340	body mass index

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

87 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	5
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression, increases methylation, affects methylation	5
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression, decreases expression, increases expression	4
Tretinoin	increases expression	4
Particulate Matter	increases expression, decreases expression, increases abundance	4
Air Pollutants	affects expression, increases abundance, increases expression, decreases expression	3
Asbestos, Crocidolite	affects expression, increases expression	3
Cadmium Chloride	decreases expression, increases expression	3
bisphenol A	decreases expression	2
Lipopolysaccharides	increases expression, affects expression, affects response to substance, affects cotreatment	2
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Silicon Dioxide	increases expression	2
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	affects expression, increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
N(6)-(delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenine	increases expression	1
2,4,6-tribromophenol	increases expression	1
methylmercuric chloride	increases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
sodium arsenate	decreases expression	1
decabromobiphenyl ether	increases expression	1
sulforaphane	increases expression	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	decreases expression	1
nickel subsulfide	decreases expression	1
nickel chloride	increases expression	1
3,4,5,3’,4’-pentachlorobiphenyl	increases expression	1
chloroquine diphosphate	decreases expression	1
tri-o-cresyl phosphate	decreases expression	1
potassium chromate(VI)	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	decreases expression	1
cupric chloride	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.