TNFSF18

Summary

TNFSF18 (TNF superfamily member 18, HGNC:11932) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1q25.1, encoding Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18 (Q9UNG2). Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR.

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. This cytokine is a ligand for receptor TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR. It has been shown to modulate T lymphocyte survival in peripheral tissues. This cytokine is also found to be expressed in endothelial cells, and is thought to be important for interaction between T lymphocytes and endothelial cells.

Source: NCBI Gene 8995 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 22
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 18 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_005092

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:11932
Approved symbol	TNFSF18
Name	TNF superfamily member 18
Location	1q25.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	AITRL, TL6, hGITRL
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000120337
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	603898
Entrez	8995

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding

ENST00000404377

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_005092 NM_005092

CCDS: CCDS1305

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000404377 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000814642	173039202	173041713
ENSE00001003105	173043939	173043969
ENSE00001562030	173050741	173050941

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 98 present calls, max score 78.06.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 1.5011 / max 192.1791, expressed in 258 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
15933	1.5011	258

Top tissues by expression

226 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	78.06	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	62.71	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	61.84	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	58.93	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	55.70	gold quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	53.79	silver quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	53.18	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	52.10	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	51.81	gold quality
blood vessel layer	UBERON:0004797	49.29	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	49.22	gold quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	49.08	gold quality
choroid plexus epithelium	UBERON:0003911	48.89	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	48.24	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	47.78	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	47.75	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	47.27	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	47.18	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	47.16	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	47.15	gold quality
periodontal ligament	UBERON:0008266	47.14	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	46.99	gold quality
renal glomerulus	UBERON:0000074	46.86	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	46.85	gold quality
metanephric glomerulus	UBERON:0004736	46.77	gold quality
nephron tubule	UBERON:0001231	46.71	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	45.92	gold quality
upper leg skin	UBERON:0004262	45.65	silver quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	45.55	gold quality
caecum	UBERON:0001153	45.49	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	2.60

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): TNF

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

13 targeting TNFSF18, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6508-5P	99.92	70.67	2465
HSA-MIR-8067	99.86	69.59	2260
HSA-MIR-7515	99.31	68.22	1795
HSA-MIR-4784	99.15	67.41	1733
HSA-MIR-3150B-3P	98.81	67.21	1728
HSA-MIR-2467-3P	98.65	67.18	1969
HSA-MIR-618	97.62	67.46	861
HSA-MIR-517-5P	97.13	68.43	781
HSA-MIR-4689	96.97	65.79	1209
HSA-MIR-6858-5P	96.05	64.59	1020
HSA-MIR-4683	95.29	65.98	631
HSA-MIR-6767-3P	93.99	66.01	204
HSA-MIR-5684	93.17	64.85	454

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 29)

• Upregulation by proinflammatory cytokines suggests GITRL may play important role in ocular immunity. High level of constitutive GITRL expression on photoreceptor inner segments suggests photoreceptors participate in regulation of ocular inflammation. (PMID:15326137)
• Regulates ossteoclasst genersation and substantiate the major role played by the endothelium in bone physiology. (PMID:16179414)
• Using a GITRL-transfected cell line, we demonstrate that GITRL promotes NK cell cytotoxicity and IFN-gamma production. (PMID:16397134)
• GITRL could be a potential candidate for regulation of the ocular immune privilege and the balance between immune privilege and inflammation (PMID:16874737)
• Since regulatory T-cells are localized in the vicinity of GITRL-expressing cells in atopic dermatitis skin, the GITR/GITRL interaction may serve to perpetuate the inflammation locally. (PMID:16955181)
• Constitutive expression of GITRL by tumor cells diminishes natural killer cell antitumor immunity. (PMID:17360848)
• although huGITRL is not capable of alleviating Treg suppression of responder T cells, huGITRL overexpression on monocyte-derived DC enhances their capacity to induce antigen-specific T cell responses (PMID:17449724)
• These observations raise the possibility that the GITRL-mediated inflammatory activation of macrophages is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. (PMID:17602748)
• Levels of AITRL were significantly increased in serum of breast cancer patients (PMID:17914571)
• hGITRL ectodomain displays considerable self-association/dissociation in solution with a dynamic equilibrium between trimeric and monomeric forms over the range of protein concentrations studied. (PMID:18040044)
• identify multiple oligomeric species of hGITRL that possess distinct kinetics of ERK activation. (PMID:18378892)
• The strong correlation of tumor incidence and elevated soluble GITRL levels indicates that soluble GITRL is released from cancers in vivo, leading to impaired NK cell immunosurveillance of tumors (PMID:18689545)
• mechanism of IgG4 induction by regulatory cells involves GITR-GITR-L interactions, IL-10 and TGF-beta. (PMID:18924213)
• The incorporation of an isoleucine zipper motif could markedly improve the costimulation of hsGITRL. (PMID:20228835)
• GITRL expression on Kupffer cells may mediate acute rejection in liver transplantation (PMID:21693309)
• Although GITR transgene costimulation can therapeutically enhance T helper (Th) type 2 cell responses, GITR-GITR ligand interactions are not required for development of Th2-mediated resistance or pathology. (PMID:21705620)
• GITRL upregulation induced by IFN-beta on dendritic cells downregulates CTLA-4 on regulatory T (Treg) cells, facilitating proliferation of anergic Treg cells in multiple sclerosis treatment of multiple sclerosis patients. (PMID:22112394)
• observation suggests a link between cytokine-regulated keratinocyte GITRL expression and its role in inflammatory responses in AD (PMID:22417213)
• Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand (GITRL) confers pseudoexpression to tumor cells by platelets, which results in GITRL expression by megakaryocytes and their platelet progeny. (PMID:22649191)
• Serum GITRL levels were higher in SLE patients. (PMID:23251213)
• Our findings indicate the possible involvement of GITR-GITRL pathway in the pathogenesis of pSS. (PMID:23935647)
• An increase in GITRL may impair the balance of Th17/Treg, and contribute to the pathopoiesis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. (PMID:25429429)
• GITRL modulates the activities of p38 MAPK and STAT3 to promote Th17 cell differentiation in autoimmune arthritis. (PMID:26657118)
• GITRL levels are significantly elevated in rheumatoid arthritis serum and synovial fluid and are positively correlated with autoantibody production in rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting a role of GITRL in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. (PMID:27098050)
• Cultured HCN-2 neurons were incubated at different times with GITRL and/or TRAIL, and thereafter nucleic acid and protein expression were measured. HCN-2 cells do not express GITRL mRNA, but the latter is induced after treatment with TRAIL. Cells did not express the GITRL receptor GITR mRNA, neither in control cultures, nor after treatment with TRAIL. TRAIL, when associated to GITRL, exerted additive toxic effects. (PMID:28524007)
• our studies have demonstrated a critical role of GITRL in modulating the suppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMID:30760623)
• Type I interferons drive the maturation of human DC3s with a distinct costimulatory profile characterized by high GITRL. (PMID:33188059)
• Structures of mouse and human GITR-GITRL complexes reveal unique TNF superfamily interactions. (PMID:33654081)
• A GITRL-mTORC1-GM-CSF Positive Loop Promotes Pathogenic Th17 Response in Primary Sjogren Syndrome. (PMID:38589318)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Tnfsf18	ENSMUSG00000066755
rattus_norvegicus	Tnfsf18	ENSRNOG00000026607

Protein

Protein identifiers

Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18 — Q9UNG2 (reviewed: Q9UNG2)

Alternative names: Activation-inducible TNF-related ligand, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9UNG2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR. Regulates T-cell responses. Can function as costimulator and lower the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. Important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B. Triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1 and up-regulates expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1. Promotes leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Regulates migration of monocytes from the splenic reservoir to sites of inflammation.

Subunit / interactions. Homodimer. Homotrimer.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed at high levels in the small intestine, ovary, testis, kidney and endothelial cells.

Induction. Up-regulated after stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS).

Similarity. Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_005083* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR006052	TNF_dom	Domain
IPR008983	Tumour_necrosis_fac-like_dom	Homologous_superfamily
IPR042380	TNFSF18	Family

UniProt features (23 total): strand 12, topological domain 2, helix 2, glycosylation site 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, domain 1, disulfide bond 1, turn 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

7 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
2R32	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.95
3B93	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.2
2Q1M	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.3
3B94	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.5
7LAW	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.75
7KHD	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.96
2R30	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.2

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9UNG2-F1	86.99	0.68

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (1): 58–78

Glycosylation sites (2): 129, 161

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-5669034	TNFs bind their physiological receptors

MSigDB gene sets: 233 (showing top): GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_ACTIVATION, CREL_01, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_LEUKOCYTE_PROLIFERATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_RESPONSE, GOBP_DENDRITIC_CELL_MIGRATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_ALPHA_BETA_T_CELL_ACTIVATION, GOBP_MYELOID_LEUKOCYTE_MIGRATION, GOBP_CELL_CHEMOTAXIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PHOSPHORYLATION, REACTOME_CYTOKINE_SIGNALING_IN_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_PEPTIDE, GOBP_T_CELL_ACTIVATION_INVOLVED_IN_IMMUNE_RESPONSE, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_RESPONSE

GO Biological Process (21): adaptive immune response (GO:0002250), T cell proliferation involved in immune response (GO:0002309), positive regulation of leukocyte migration (GO:0002687), signal transduction (GO:0007165), cell-cell signaling (GO:0007267), positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis (GO:0010759), tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0033209), regulation of T cell proliferation (GO:0042129), positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein (GO:0042531), negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066), regulation of protein-containing complex assembly (GO:0043254), positive regulation of cell adhesion (GO:0045785), positive regulation of inflammatory response (GO:0050729), obsolete positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity (GO:0051092), positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis (GO:0090026), negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment (GO:2000329), regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis (GO:2000508), immune system process (GO:0002376), immune response (GO:0006955), regulation of macromolecule metabolic process (GO:0060255), regulation of primary metabolic process (GO:0080090)

GO Molecular Function (6): signaling receptor binding (GO:0005102), cytokine activity (GO:0005125), tumor necrosis factor receptor binding (GO:0005164), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding (GO:0032813), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (4): obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), cell surface (GO:0009986), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
TNFR2 non-canonical NF-kB pathway	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
immune response	2
T cell proliferation	2
cell communication	2
signaling	2
positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis	2
protein binding	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
T cell activation involved in immune response	1
positive regulation of immune system process	1
regulation of leukocyte migration	1
positive regulation of cell migration	1
leukocyte migration	1
cellular process	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
regulation of macrophage chemotaxis	1
macrophage chemotaxis	1
regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis	1
positive regulation of macrophage migration	1
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	1
cellular response to tumor necrosis factor	1
regulation of lymphocyte proliferation	1
regulation of T cell activation	1
tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein	1
regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein	1
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	1
apoptotic process	1
regulation of apoptotic process	1
negative regulation of programmed cell death	1
regulation of cellular component biogenesis	1
regulation of cellular component organization	1
protein-containing complex assembly	1
cell adhesion	1
regulation of cell adhesion	1
positive regulation of cellular process	1
inflammatory response	1
positive regulation of defense response	1
positive regulation of response to external stimulus	1
regulation of inflammatory response	1
monocyte chemotaxis	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

755 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TNFSF18	TNFRSF18	Q9Y5U5	999
TNFSF18	TNFSF4	P23510	880
TNFSF18	TNFRSF4	P43489	869
TNFSF18	TNFSF9	P41273	842
TNFSF18	TNFRSF9	Q07011	838
TNFSF18	IDO1	P14902	813
TNFSF18	IDO2	Q6ZQW0	797
TNFSF18	A0A087X1L8	A0A087X1L8	783
TNFSF18	CD27	P26842	768
TNFSF18	ICOSLG	O75144	765
TNFSF18	CD70	P32970	756
TNFSF18	TNFRSF14	Q92956	729
TNFSF18	CTLA4	P16410	710
TNFSF18	TNFSF15	O95150	700
TNFSF18	CD28	P10747	691

IntAct

17 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
TNFSF18	TNFSF18	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.770
TNFSF18	TNFRSF18	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.720
TNFRSF18	TNFSF18	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.720
TNFSF18	TNFRSF18	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
EXOC3L2	TNFSF18	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TNFSF18	TMEM120B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TNFSF18	FAM171A2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (67): EXOC3L2 (Two-hybrid), VANGL2 (Affinity Capture-MS), POMGNT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KDSR (Affinity Capture-MS), NRM (Affinity Capture-MS), PEX13 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC47A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMEM160 (Affinity Capture-MS), FAM134C (Affinity Capture-MS), PODXL2 (Affinity Capture-MS), MAN1A2 (Affinity Capture-MS), RTN2 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC19A2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMEM70 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMEM56 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: D5K8A9, O02757, O02765, O35734, O97605, O97626, P04924, P06804, P16599, P23563, P27548, P29965, P31042, P35330, P36939, P36940, P41047, P43303, P43488, P48023, P51749, P59694, P63304, P63305, P63306, P63307, P63308, Q28071, Q539C2, Q5NKV2, Q5U462, Q75N23, Q7TS55, Q861W5, Q8BHK6, Q8IYV9, Q95MQ5, Q9BDM3, Q9BDM7, Q9BDN1

Diamond homologs: Q7TS55, Q9UNG2

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

18 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	15
Likely benign	2
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

221 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
1:173050799:A:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:173050824:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
1:173041711:GTCC:G	acceptor_loss	0.9900
1:173041712:TCCTA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
1:173041713:CCTAT:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
1:173041714:C:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
1:173041715:T:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
1:173041725:A:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
1:173043938:CCAAA:C	donor_gain	0.9900
1:173043970:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9900
1:173049022:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
1:173049023:C:A	donor_gain	0.9900
1:173041709:TGGTC:T	acceptor_gain	0.9800
1:173041714:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9800
1:173045967:A:T	acceptor_gain	0.9800
1:173041710:GGTC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9700
1:173043932:TACT:T	donor_loss	0.9700
1:173043937:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9700
1:173043938:C:CC	donor_gain	0.9700
1:173050736:CTTAC:C	donor_loss	0.9700
1:173050737:TTACC:T	donor_loss	0.9700
1:173050738:TACC:T	donor_loss	0.9700
1:173050739:ACC:A	donor_loss	0.9700
1:173041723:A:C	acceptor_gain	0.9500
1:173043966:CAGT:C	acceptor_gain	0.9500
1:173041712:TC:T	acceptor_gain	0.9400
1:173041713:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9400
1:173041723:A:AC	acceptor_gain	0.9400
1:173041725:A:AC	acceptor_gain	0.9300
1:173043968:GT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9300

AlphaMissense

1309 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
1:173041694:C:A	W91C	0.983
1:173041694:C:G	W91C	0.983
1:173041562:A:C	F135L	0.982
1:173041562:A:T	F135L	0.982
1:173041564:A:G	F135L	0.982
1:173041696:A:G	W91R	0.981
1:173041696:A:T	W91R	0.981
1:173041618:A:C	Y117D	0.977
1:173041641:A:G	L109P	0.977
1:173043940:A:C	F84L	0.974
1:173043940:A:T	F84L	0.974
1:173043942:A:G	F84L	0.974
1:173041563:A:C	F135C	0.972
1:173041551:A:G	L139P	0.971
1:173041452:A:G	L172S	0.968
1:173041408:A:G	W187R	0.967
1:173041408:A:T	W187R	0.967
1:173041445:G:C	F174L	0.967
1:173041445:G:T	F174L	0.967
1:173041447:A:G	F174L	0.967
1:173041635:A:T	I111K	0.962
1:173041635:A:C	I111R	0.956
1:173041458:A:T	I170K	0.952
1:173041635:A:G	I111T	0.950
1:173041442:G:C	N175K	0.949
1:173041442:G:T	N175K	0.949
1:173041563:A:G	F135S	0.948
1:173041476:A:G	L164S	0.944
1:173041669:A:G	C100R	0.944
1:173041413:G:T	T185K	0.942

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000088113 (1:173047230 C>T), RS1000371534 (1:173043765 G>C), RS1000689057 (1:173048933 T>C), RS1000906986 (1:173052297 T>C), RS1001331706 (1:173048549 G>A), RS1002194687 (1:173049614 C>G,T), RS1002254735 (1:173051323 T>C), RS1002694282 (1:173045630 TTTTTTG>T), RS1002704458 (1:173039065 C>T), RS1002897227 (1:173052632 G>A), RS1003307344 (1:173049425 C>T), RS1003685519 (1:173049950 C>T), RS1003724438 (1:173042860 G>A), RS1003753903 (1:173042636 T>C), RS1004338879 (1:173042958 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:603898 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

22 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000612_38	Celiac disease	2.000000e-06
GCST000879_8	Crohn’s disease	2.000000e-15
GCST001729_15	Crohn’s disease	6.000000e-22
GCST002520_2	Celiac disease	8.000000e-07
GCST003097_3	Pediatric autoimmune diseases	4.000000e-07
GCST003987_26	Asthma	3.000000e-08
GCST004861_32	Itch intensity from mosquito bite	4.000000e-08
GCST004866_31	Alopecia areata	4.000000e-06
GCST005038_13	Allergic disease (asthma, hay fever or eczema)	1.000000e-15
GCST005038_14	Allergic disease (asthma, hay fever or eczema)	3.000000e-10
GCST005523_4	Celiac disease	8.000000e-09
GCST007797_19	Asthma onset (childhood vs adult)	1.000000e-07
GCST007797_36	Asthma onset (childhood vs adult)	5.000000e-06
GCST007798_12	Asthma	1.000000e-07
GCST007798_13	Asthma	7.000000e-12
GCST007800_14	Asthma (childhood onset)	8.000000e-29
GCST007800_7	Asthma (childhood onset)	6.000000e-13
GCST007800_81	Asthma (childhood onset)	1.000000e-07
GCST010984_4	Allergic disease (asthma, hay fever and/or eczema) (multivariate analysis)	2.000000e-12
GCST010984_5	Allergic disease (asthma, hay fever and/or eczema) (multivariate analysis)	4.000000e-12
GCST010985_11	Allergic disease (asthma, hay fever and/or eczema) (age of onset)	2.000000e-11
GCST010985_15	Allergic disease (asthma, hay fever and/or eczema) (age of onset)	1.000000e-11

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0008377	mosquito bite reaction itch intensity measurement
EFO:0004847	age at onset

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

18 total (human), top 18 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Arsenic Trioxide	increases expression	2
peracetylated N-azidoacetylmannosamine	decreases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	decreases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
incobotulinumtoxinA	increases expression	1
PF 3758309	decreases expression	1
NSC 689534	affects binding, increases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
Aripiprazole	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Copper	affects binding, increases expression	1
Menthol	increases expression	1
Ozone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Silicon Dioxide	decreases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	increases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	decreases expression	1
Sodium Selenite	increases expression	1
Okadaic Acid	increases expression	1

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_D8XD	Ubigene HCT 116 TNFSF18 KO	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.