TOP1MT

Summary

TOP1MT (DNA topoisomerase I mitochondrial, HGNC:29787) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 8q24.3, encoding DNA topoisomerase I, mitochondrial (Q969P6). Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during duplication of mitochondrial DNA by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex.

This gene encodes a mitochondrial DNA topoisomerase that plays a role in the modification of DNA topology. The encoded protein is a type IB topoisomerase and catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of DNA to relieve tension and DNA supercoiling generated in the mitochondrial genome during replication and transcription. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 116447 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 338 total
• Phenotypes (HPO): 1
• MANE Select transcript: NM_052963

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:29787
Approved symbol	TOP1MT
Name	DNA topoisomerase I mitochondrial
Location	8q24.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000184428
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	606387
Entrez	116447

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 24 — 17 protein_coding, 3 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 3 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000329245, ENST00000505857, ENST00000517857, ENST00000518007, ENST00000518760, ENST00000518951, ENST00000519139, ENST00000519148, ENST00000519591, ENST00000519977, ENST00000520950, ENST00000521024, ENST00000521193, ENST00000522041, ENST00000522043, ENST00000522121, ENST00000523417, ENST00000523676, ENST00000524092, ENST00000870173, ENST00000870174, ENST00000915787, ENST00000969804, ENST00000969805

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_052963 NM_001258446, NM_001258447, NM_052963

CCDS: CCDS59115, CCDS6400

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000329245 — 14 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001290782	143310068	143310217
ENSE00001304637	143315999	143316126
ENSE00001326407	143317723	143317837
ENSE00001327107	143315727	143315821
ENSE00001647874	143325346	143325533
ENSE00002107768	143309324	143309543
ENSE00002113801	143334740	143334880
ENSE00003404135	143318018	143318086
ENSE00003484021	143324485	143324629
ENSE00003522217	143331224	143331339
ENSE00003522777	143326222	143326344
ENSE00003535041	143321201	143321386
ENSE00003571829	143329350	143329471
ENSE00003624260	143323999	143324142

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 203 present calls, max score 92.81.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 20.3737 / max 626.4679, expressed in 1803 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
95460	20.3287	1803
95463	0.0153	4
95462	0.0110	5
95464	0.0099	5
95459	0.0088	6

Top tissues by expression

246 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	92.81	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	91.27	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	90.40	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	89.97	gold quality
thymus	UBERON:0002370	89.96	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	89.86	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	89.69	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	89.57	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	89.33	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	88.87	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	88.86	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	88.76	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	88.74	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	88.67	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	88.55	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	88.37	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	88.30	gold quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	88.22	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	87.92	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	87.78	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	87.76	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	87.70	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	87.62	gold quality
uterine cervix	UBERON:0000002	87.11	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	86.94	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	86.93	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	86.68	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	86.67	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	86.65	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	86.43	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 3.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-9067	yes	14.35
E-CURD-112	yes	9.50
E-ANND-3	yes	5.55

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): MYC

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

5 targeting TOP1MT, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-8485	100.00	77.57	4731
HSA-LET-7C-3P	99.95	73.42	2862
HSA-MIR-3606-5P	99.31	69.67	1168
HSA-MIR-2355-5P	98.83	65.51	1589
HSA-MIR-633	98.35	69.45	1167

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 9)

• DNA topoisomerase I stimulates BLM helicase activity on a nucleolar-relevant RNA:DNA hybrid. (PMID:23261817)
• Data reported in this paper indicate that hTop IB does not confer to the cells radio-resistance, but the kinetic analysis of both DNA repair rate as well as colonies growth, demonstrates that the cells containing hTop IB show a more efficient rescue from IR injury. (PMID:23422507)
• Data indicate that the different coordination geometry achieved by the two transition metal ions has an important role in modulating their efficiency as topoisomerase I inhibitors. (PMID:24172750)
• This report was the first to focus on the role of TOP1MT in tumors. We identified a new mechanism underlying TOP1MT-deficient gastric cancer (GC) metastasis and showed that TOP1MT played an important role in cancer cells. (PMID:28874393)
• Study demonstrated that lack of TOP1MT results in delayed and decreased tumor growth due to impaired mitochondrial translation. The TOP1MT genomic signature profile, based on mouse model for Top1mt-KO liver cancers, is correlated with enhanced survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. (PMID:30622257)
• Functional characterization of two variants of mitochondrial topoisomerase TOP1MT that impact regulation of the mitochondrial genome. (PMID:36030054)
• Two type I topoisomerases maintain DNA topology in human mitochondria. (PMID:36215039)
• Activation of the cGAS-STING innate immune response in cells with deficient mitochondrial topoisomerase TOP1MT. (PMID:37129502)
• Association of TOP1MT with immune infiltration and checkpoint in colorectal cance. (PMID:37923603)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Top1mt	ENSMUSG00000000934
rattus_norvegicus	Top1mt	ENSRNOG00000007500

Paralogs (1): TOP1 (ENSG00000198900)

Protein

Protein identifiers

DNA topoisomerase I, mitochondrial — Q969P6 (reviewed: Q969P6)

All UniProt accessions (13): E5KMK7, E5RFE3, E5RFS0, E5RGE7, E5RGR2, E5RGR4, E5RIC7, E5RJ33, E5RJ95, H0YAR3, H0YBR3, H0YC03, Q969P6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during duplication of mitochondrial DNA by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(3’-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 5’-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then rotates around the intact phosphodiester bond on the opposing strand, thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religation step, the DNA 5’-OH attacks the covalent intermediate to expel the active-site tyrosine and restore the DNA phosphodiester backbone.

Subcellular location. Mitochondrion.

Tissue specificity. Ubiquitous; highest in skeletal muscle, heart, brain and fetal liver.

Cofactor. Divalent metal ions (calcium or magnesium).

Similarity. Belongs to the type IB topoisomerase family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q969P6-1	1	yes
Q969P6-2	2

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001245375, NP_001245376, NP_443195* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001631	TopoI	Family
IPR008336	TopoI_DNA-bd_euk	Domain
IPR011010	DNA_brk_join_enz	Homologous_superfamily
IPR013030	DNA_topo_DNA_db_N_dom2	Homologous_superfamily
IPR013034	DNA_topo_DNA_db_N_dom1	Homologous_superfamily
IPR013499	TopoI_euk	Domain
IPR013500	TopoI_cat_euk	Domain
IPR014711	TopoI_cat_a-hlx-sub_euk	Homologous_superfamily
IPR014727	TopoI_cat_a/b-sub_euk	Homologous_superfamily
IPR018521	TopoIB_AS	Active_site
IPR025834	TopoI_C_dom	Domain
IPR036202	TopoI_DNA-bd_euk_N_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR048045	Topoisomer_I_DNA-bd	Domain
IPR051062	Topoisomerase_IB	Family

Pfam: PF01028, PF02919, PF14370

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 5.6.2.1 — DNA topoisomerase (BRENDA: 73 organisms, 262 substrates, 1102 inhibitors, 6 Km, 1 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

1 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 1. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
NEGATIVELY SUPERCOILED PLASMID PXXZ06 DNA	—	1

UniProt features (21 total): site 9, region of interest 4, sequence variant 2, transit peptide 1, chain 1, splice variant 1, domain 1, sequence conflict 1, active site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q969P6-F1	91.07	0.88

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (10): 248 (interaction with dna); 279 (interaction with dna); 337 (interaction with dna); 368 (interaction with dna); 410 (interaction with dna); 468 (interaction with dna); 486 (interaction with dna); 559 (o-(3’-phospho-dna)-tyrosine intermediate); 152 (interaction with dna); 200 (interaction with dna)

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 123 (showing top): GSE18804_BRAIN_VS_COLON_TUMORAL_MACROPHAGE_DN, GSE45365_CTRL_VS_MCMV_INFECTION_NK_CELL_DN, GOBP_CHROMOSOME_ORGANIZATION, SHEPARD_BMYB_MORPHOLINO_DN, GOBP_DNA_CONFORMATION_CHANGE, CREIGHTON_ENDOCRINE_THERAPY_RESISTANCE_1, DOUGLAS_BMI1_TARGETS_UP, CUI_TCF21_TARGETS_2_DN, GOBP_DNA_REPLICATION, GOCC_NUCLEOID, NUYTTEN_EZH2_TARGETS_DN, GOCC_MITOCHONDRIAL_MATRIX, GOBP_DNA_METABOLIC_PROCESS, NIKOLSKY_BREAST_CANCER_8Q23_Q24_AMPLICON, GOMF_ISOMERASE_ACTIVITY

GO Biological Process (2): DNA replication (GO:0006260), DNA topological change (GO:0006265)

GO Molecular Function (4): DNA binding (GO:0003677), DNA topoisomerase type I (single strand cut, ATP-independent) activity (GO:0003917), DNA topoisomerase activity (GO:0003916), isomerase activity (GO:0016853)

GO Cellular Component (5): nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), chromosome (GO:0005694), mitochondrion (GO:0005739), mitochondrial nucleoid (GO:0042645), nucleus (GO:0005634)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
DNA metabolic process	2
intracellular membraneless organelle	2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	2
DNA biosynthetic process	1
DNA conformation change	1
nucleic acid binding	1
DNA topoisomerase activity	1
DNA binding	1
nucleic acid conformation isomerase activity	1
catalytic activity, acting on DNA	1
catalytic activity	1
nuclear lumen	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
cytoplasm	1
mitochondrion	1
mitochondrial matrix	1
nucleoid	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1634 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TOP1MT	TOP2B	Q02880	929
TOP1MT	TOP2A	P11388	902
TOP1MT	TOP3A	Q13472	847
TOP1MT	TP53	P04637	828
TOP1MT	RMI1	Q9H9A7	699
TOP1MT	TDP1	Q9NUW8	689
TOP1MT	WRN	Q14191	685
TOP1MT	PARP1	P09874	677
TOP1MT	EXO1	Q9UQ84	671
TOP1MT	POLRMT	O00411	670
TOP1MT	RNASEH2A	O75792	630
TOP1MT	WDHD1	O75717	606
TOP1MT	CDC45	O75419	601
TOP1MT	FBL	P22087	578
TOP1MT	TOP3B	O95985	577

IntAct

7 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
NFKB1	IKBKB	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.770
TP53	TOP1MT	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
H2BC21	SMCHD1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SSRP1	DDX39A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TOP1	DDX39A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CEP89	MLLT3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (42): TOP1MT (Reconstituted Complex), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS), TOP1MT (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0L0P4F8, A3KN83, A8XEA2, A9Q1D5, A9UL78, B2GUV7, G5EDG2, O17966, O36966, O95251, P04786, P07799, P0CL88, P0CL89, P11387, P30181, P30189, P41511, P41512, P93119, Q00313, Q04750, Q05D44, Q06698, Q07050, Q09475, Q23243, Q23541, Q27746, Q4IEV4, Q4P3S3, Q54RC3, Q54UU6, Q5BJL5, Q5F1R6, Q5F371, Q5SVQ0, Q5UQH6, Q61T02, Q689Z5

Diamond homologs: A0A0L0P4F8, A9Q1D5, O17966, P04786, P07799, P11387, P30181, P30189, P41511, P41512, P93119, Q00313, Q04750, Q07050, Q54RC3, Q6IM78, Q7YR26, Q8R4U6, Q969P6, Q9FJ79, Q9WUL0

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
irinotecan	“down-regulates activity”	TOP1MT	“chemical inhibition”
topotecan	“down-regulates activity”	TOP1MT	“chemical inhibition”

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

338 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	195
Likely benign	91
Benign	29

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

2748 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
8:143310216:CA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143310218:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143315983:T:A	donor_gain	1.0000
8:143317963:C:CA	donor_gain	1.0000
8:143317970:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
8:143317971:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
8:143318016:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
8:143318017:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
8:143318084:CAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143318085:ACCT:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
8:143318087:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143318088:T:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
8:143324138:TCCCC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324139:CCCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324139:CCCCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324140:CCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324140:CCCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324141:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324141:CCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324142:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324143:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324143:C:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324143:CTA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
8:143324148:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324149:G:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324156:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
8:143324480:CTCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
8:143324481:TCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
8:143324482:CAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
8:143324483:ACCT:A	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

3954 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
8:143324592:A:G	W237R	0.973
8:143324592:A:T	W237R	0.973
8:143329358:A:G	W118R	0.971
8:143329358:A:T	W118R	0.971
8:143329380:G:C	F110L	0.970
8:143329380:G:T	F110L	0.970
8:143329382:A:G	F110L	0.970
8:143329368:G:C	F114L	0.969
8:143329368:G:T	F114L	0.969
8:143329370:A:G	F114L	0.969
8:143321252:G:C	F365L	0.967
8:143321252:G:T	F365L	0.967
8:143321254:A:G	F365L	0.967
8:143325398:C:A	G207W	0.966
8:143329432:G:T	A93D	0.964
8:143324590:C:A	W237C	0.963
8:143324590:C:G	W237C	0.963
8:143326291:G:C	F138L	0.963
8:143326291:G:T	F138L	0.963
8:143326293:A:G	F138L	0.963
8:143309444:G:C	F601L	0.961
8:143309444:G:T	F601L	0.961
8:143309446:A:G	F601L	0.961
8:143310076:G:C	S565R	0.958
8:143310076:G:T	S565R	0.958
8:143310078:T:G	S565R	0.958
8:143325398:C:G	G207R	0.958
8:143325398:C:T	G207R	0.958
8:143329433:C:G	A93P	0.956
8:143326292:A:G	F138S	0.953

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000051003 (8:143338869 C>T), RS1000063713 (8:143312321 C>A,T), RS1000086826 (8:143337197 C>T), RS1000124488 (8:143318779 G>A), RS1000187372 (8:143353179 C>T), RS1000230619 (8:143319015 T>A,G), RS1000260556 (8:143359717 C>A,T), RS1000264820 (8:143342878 G>A), RS1000265246 (8:143356208 G>A), RS1000269611 (8:143309239 T>A,C,G), RS1000388578 (8:143315182 G>A,C), RS1000611256 (8:143358028 A>T), RS1000613727 (8:143324158 A>T), RS1000683419 (8:143324933 T>C), RS1000697476 (8:143346838 G>A,C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:606387 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (2): premature menopause (MONDO:0001119), sensorineural hearing loss disorder (MONDO:0020678)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

1 total (1 of 1 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000407	Sensorineural hearing impairment

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST008839_50	Height	1.000000e-15
GCST012227_47	Hip circumference adjusted for BMI	1.000000e-08

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0008039	BMI-adjusted hip circumference

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D008594	Menopause, Premature	C12.050.351.500.056.630.250; C12.100.250.056.630.250; G08.686.157.500.500; G08.686.841.249.500.500

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: enzyme — DNA topoisomerases

CTD chemical–gene interactions

19 total (human), top 19 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	affects cotreatment, increases methylation, decreases expression	2
Valproic Acid	decreases expression, increases methylation, affects expression	2
bisphenol F	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression	1
jinfukang	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Sunitinib	increases expression	1
Fulvestrant	affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1
Benztropine	increases expression	1
Carbamazepine	affects expression	1
Cisplatin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Clozapine	increases expression	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Indomethacin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Tunicamycin	increases expression	1
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Asbestos, Crocidolite	increases expression	1
Sodium Selenite	increases expression	1
Thapsigargin	increases expression	1

Cellosaurus cell lines

3 cell lines: 2 cancer cell line, 1 transformed cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_B3JV	Abcam HEK293T TOP1MT KO	Transformed cell line	Female
CVCL_TT30	HAP1 TOP1MT (-) 1	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_TT31	HAP1 TOP1MT (-) 2	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

171 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00417066	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Flexible GnRH Antagonist vs Flare up GnRH Agonist Protocol in Poor Responders
NCT00732693	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Physiologic and Standard Sex Steroid Replacement Regimens in Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00837616	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Estrogen Dosing in Turner Syndrome: Pharmacology and Metabolism
NCT01853501	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Effects of ADSC Therapy in Women With POF
NCT02783937	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Filgrastim for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
NCT03535480	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Ovarian Transplantation to Restore Ovarian Function in Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00140998	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Estrogen Treatment (Oral vs. Patches) in Turner Syndrome
NCT01655212	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Congenital Cytomegalovirus: Efficacy of Antiviral Treatment in a Randomized Controlled Trial
NCT02005822	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Congenital Cytomegalovirus: Efficacy of Antiviral Treatment
NCT03374514	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Cochlear Electrical Impedance and the Effect of Topical Dexamethasone on Cochlear Implant Surgery
NCT00001951	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Hormone Replacement in Young Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00370019	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	Effects of an Estrogen Replacement Therapy Skin Patch on Ovulation in Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00429494	PHASE2	COMPLETED	GnRH Analogue for Ovarian Function Preservation in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients
NCT03816852	PHASE2	SUSPENDED	The Safety and Efficiency Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cell (19#iSCLife®-POI) in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
NCT04536467	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Ovarian Failure With Goserelin in Premenopausal Lymphoma Patients
NCT06117982	PHASE2	COMPLETED	The Impact of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor on Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
NCT02497690	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Therapy Via Telemedicine Following Cochlear Implants
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