TPST2
gene geneOn this page
Also known as TANGO13B
Summary
TPST2 (tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2, HGNC:12021) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 22q12.1, encoding Protein-tyrosine sulfotransferase 2 (O60704). Catalyzes the O-sulfation of tyrosine residues within acidic motifs of polypeptides, using 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as cosubstrate.
The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the O-sulfation of tyrosine residues within acidic regions of proteins. The encoded protein is a type II integral membrane protein found in the Golgi body. Alternative splicing produces multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.
Source: NCBI Gene 8459 — RefSeq curated summary.
At a glance
- GWAS associations: 5
- Clinical variants (ClinVar): 61 total
- Druggable target: yes
- MANE Select transcript:
NM_003595
Identifiers
Gene identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| HGNC ID | HGNC:12021 |
| Approved symbol | TPST2 |
| Name | tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2 |
| Location | 22q12.1 |
| Locus type | gene with protein product |
| Status | Approved |
| Aliases | TANGO13B |
| Ensembl gene | ENSG00000128294 |
| Ensembl biotype | protein_coding |
| OMIM | 603126 |
| Entrez | 8459 |
Gene structure
Transcript identifiers
Ensembl transcripts: 57 — 57 protein_coding
ENST00000338754, ENST00000398110, ENST00000403880, ENST00000440953, ENST00000442495, ENST00000445720, ENST00000450022, ENST00000453117, ENST00000454778, ENST00000910410, ENST00000910411, ENST00000910412, ENST00000910413, ENST00000910414, ENST00000910415, ENST00000910416, ENST00000910417, ENST00000910418, ENST00000910419, ENST00000910420, ENST00000910421, ENST00000910422, ENST00000910423, ENST00000910424, ENST00000910425, ENST00000910426, ENST00000910427, ENST00000910428, ENST00000910429, ENST00000910430, ENST00000910431, ENST00000910432, ENST00000910433, ENST00000910434, ENST00000910435, ENST00000910436, ENST00000921142, ENST00000921143, ENST00000921144, ENST00000921145, ENST00000921146, ENST00000921147, ENST00000921148, ENST00000921149, ENST00000921150, ENST00000921151, ENST00000921152, ENST00000940994, ENST00000940995, ENST00000940996, ENST00000940997, ENST00000940998, ENST00000940999, ENST00000941000, ENST00000941001, ENST00000941002, ENST00000941003
RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_003595
NM_001008566, NM_001362922, NM_001362923, NM_003595
CCDS: CCDS13839
Canonical transcript exons
ENST00000338754 — 7 exons
| Exon | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| ENSE00001351932 | 26544604 | 26544675 |
| ENSE00001643123 | 26536288 | 26536486 |
| ENSE00001670168 | 26528214 | 26528262 |
| ENSE00001744184 | 26532695 | 26532745 |
| ENSE00001823353 | 26590053 | 26590132 |
| ENSE00002197957 | 26540789 | 26541718 |
| ENSE00002607234 | 26521996 | 26526267 |
Expression profiles
Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 259 present calls, max score 99.10.
FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 20.7173 / max 855.0409, expressed in 1805 samples.
FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)
| Promoter ID | TPM avg | Samples expressed |
|---|---|---|
| 193431 | 20.1304 | 1805 |
| 193429 | 0.3507 | 24 |
| 193428 | 0.1404 | 6 |
| 193430 | 0.0959 | 19 |
Top tissues by expression
283 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):
| Tissue | Anatomy ID | Expression score | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|
| body of pancreas | UBERON:0001150 | 99.10 | gold quality |
| buccal mucosa cell | CL:0002336 | 97.16 | gold quality |
| corpus epididymis | UBERON:0004359 | 97.11 | gold quality |
| granulocyte | CL:0000094 | 96.39 | gold quality |
| blood | UBERON:0000178 | 95.41 | gold quality |
| right lung | UBERON:0002167 | 94.98 | gold quality |
| right lobe of liver | UBERON:0001114 | 93.94 | gold quality |
| leukocyte | CL:0000738 | 93.84 | gold quality |
| endothelial cell | CL:0000115 | 93.74 | gold quality |
| monocyte | CL:0000576 | 93.74 | gold quality |
| mononuclear cell | CL:0000842 | 93.72 | gold quality |
| liver | UBERON:0002107 | 92.90 | gold quality |
| pancreas | UBERON:0001264 | 92.52 | gold quality |
| upper lobe of left lung | UBERON:0008952 | 92.46 | gold quality |
| upper lobe of lung | UBERON:0008948 | 92.21 | gold quality |
| left lobe of thyroid gland | UBERON:0001120 | 90.84 | gold quality |
| thyroid gland | UBERON:0002046 | 90.83 | gold quality |
| right adrenal gland | UBERON:0001233 | 90.55 | gold quality |
| right adrenal gland cortex | UBERON:0035827 | 90.49 | gold quality |
| right lobe of thyroid gland | UBERON:0001119 | 90.48 | gold quality |
| periodontal ligament | UBERON:0008266 | 90.14 | gold quality |
| left adrenal gland | UBERON:0001234 | 90.07 | gold quality |
| seminal vesicle | UBERON:0000998 | 89.95 | gold quality |
| spleen | UBERON:0002106 | 89.93 | gold quality |
| stromal cell of endometrium | CL:0002255 | 89.86 | gold quality |
| gastrocnemius | UBERON:0001388 | 89.76 | gold quality |
| hindlimb stylopod muscle | UBERON:0004252 | 89.57 | gold quality |
| left adrenal gland cortex | UBERON:0035825 | 89.49 | gold quality |
| placenta | UBERON:0001987 | 89.37 | gold quality |
| visceral pleura | UBERON:0002401 | 89.26 | gold quality |
Single-cell (SCXA)
Detected in 9 experiment(s), a significant marker in 8.
| Experiment | Marker? | Max mean expression |
|---|---|---|
| E-CURD-122 | yes | 40.49 |
| E-CURD-112 | yes | 35.41 |
| E-GEOD-81547 | yes | 22.69 |
| E-MTAB-5061 | yes | 20.12 |
| E-HCAD-10 | yes | 16.51 |
| E-MTAB-9067 | yes | 12.53 |
| E-HCAD-1 | yes | 5.36 |
| E-MTAB-6386 | no | 1564.35 |
| E-ANND-3 | no | 0.00 |
Regulation
Is transcription factor: no
miRNA regulators (miRDB)
37 targeting TPST2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):
| miRNA | Max score | Avg score | miRNA target_count |
|---|---|---|---|
| HSA-MIR-12118 | 100.00 | 65.88 | 1270 |
| HSA-MIR-6891-5P | 99.98 | 66.53 | 1372 |
| HSA-MIR-3173-3P | 99.98 | 66.49 | 1217 |
| HSA-MIR-12136 | 99.98 | 72.81 | 5713 |
| HSA-MIR-450B-5P | 99.92 | 71.48 | 3175 |
| HSA-MIR-124-3P | 99.89 | 73.74 | 3043 |
| HSA-MIR-506-3P | 99.89 | 73.55 | 3057 |
| HSA-MIR-3121-3P | 99.82 | 71.96 | 3630 |
| HSA-MIR-4668-5P | 99.79 | 70.58 | 3782 |
| HSA-MIR-3059-5P | 99.70 | 69.93 | 2491 |
| HSA-MIR-545-5P | 99.66 | 70.18 | 2308 |
| HSA-MIR-12123 | 99.52 | 71.79 | 2990 |
| HSA-MIR-4452 | 99.50 | 68.45 | 1493 |
| HSA-MIR-942-5P | 99.41 | 68.40 | 1977 |
| HSA-MIR-183-3P | 99.41 | 69.41 | 1598 |
| HSA-MIR-302A-5P | 99.39 | 68.21 | 1913 |
| HSA-MIR-520A-5P | 99.35 | 66.72 | 1632 |
| HSA-MIR-525-5P | 99.35 | 66.85 | 1615 |
| HSA-MIR-5582-5P | 99.27 | 71.42 | 1879 |
| HSA-MIR-3973 | 99.20 | 69.19 | 1990 |
| HSA-MIR-4272 | 98.76 | 68.74 | 1810 |
| HSA-MIR-198 | 98.70 | 67.32 | 920 |
| HSA-MIR-496 | 98.66 | 69.80 | 931 |
| HSA-MIR-6780A-3P | 98.42 | 67.49 | 1518 |
| HSA-MIR-6831-5P | 98.26 | 67.20 | 990 |
| HSA-MIR-6072 | 98.00 | 66.47 | 804 |
| HSA-MIR-376A-5P | 97.70 | 65.61 | 863 |
| HSA-MIR-3927-3P | 97.68 | 66.76 | 892 |
| HSA-MIR-6783-5P | 97.67 | 67.21 | 1528 |
| HSA-MIR-4436B-5P | 96.71 | 68.37 | 1346 |
Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 8)
- Shear stress-dependent upregulation of TPST2 in human endothelium is mediated by a tyrosine kinase-dependent pathway (PMID:12056800)
- Tyrosine sulfation of CCR5 N-terminal peptide follows a discrete pattern and temporal sequence (PMID:12169668)
- The kinetic parameters of tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-1 and -2, catalyzing tyrosine sulfation of CCR8 peptides, were determined using liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. (PMID:18672380)
- The p.R153H variant was found in a family with hereditary pancreatitis; however, it did not segregate with the disease. (PMID:20460947)
- the first crystal structure of the human tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase isoform 2 complexed with a substrate peptide (C4P5Y3) derived from complement C4 and 3’-phosphoadenosine-5’-phosphate at 1.9 A resolution, is reported. (PMID:23481380)
- Using a quantum mechanics protocol of alanine scanning, the study identified unequivocally the role of the amino acids involved in the TPST-2 catalytic mechanism. (PMID:26108987)
- Genetic variations in the host dependency factors ALCAM and TPST2 impact HIV-1 disease progression. (PMID:32287057)
- Sulfation of a FLAG tag mediated by SLC35B2 and TPST2 affects antibody recognition. (PMID:33951064)
Cross-species orthologs
6 orthologs
| Organism | Symbol | Gene ID |
|---|---|---|
| danio_rerio | tpst2 | ENSDARG00000099155 |
| mus_musculus | Tpst2 | ENSMUSG00000029344 |
| rattus_norvegicus | Tpst2 | ENSRNOG00000000664 |
| drosophila_melanogaster | Tpst | FBGN0086674 |
| caenorhabditis_elegans | WBGENE00013737 | |
| caenorhabditis_elegans | WBGENE00018365 |
Paralogs (1): TPST1 (ENSG00000169902)
Protein
Protein identifiers
Protein-tyrosine sulfotransferase 2 — O60704 (reviewed: O60704)
Alternative names: Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2
All UniProt accessions (7): O60704, B1AHJ5, B1AHJ6, B1AHJ7, B1AHJ8, B1AHJ9, B1AHK0
UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →
Function. Catalyzes the O-sulfation of tyrosine residues within acidic motifs of polypeptides, using 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as cosubstrate.
Subunit / interactions. Homodimer. Can also form heterodimers with TPST1.
Subcellular location. Golgi apparatus membrane.
Tissue specificity. Widely expressed.
Post-translational modifications. N-glycosylated.
Miscellaneous. Substrate peptides must be flexible in order to adopt an L-shaped conformation in the deep binding cleft.
Similarity. Belongs to the protein sulfotransferase family.
RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001008566, NP_001349851, NP_001349852, NP_003586* (*=MANE)
Domains & families (InterPro)
| ID | Name | Type |
|---|---|---|
| IPR026634 | TPST-like | Family |
| IPR027417 | P-loop_NTPase | Homologous_superfamily |
Pfam: PF13469
Enzyme classification (BRENDA):
- EC 2.8.2.20 — protein-tyrosine sulfotransferase (BRENDA: 19 organisms, 159 substrates, 69 inhibitors, 77 Km, 8 kcat entries)
Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)
36 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 15. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.
| Substrate | Km (mM) | Measurements |
|---|---|---|
| 3’-PHOSPHOADENYLYL SULFATE | 0.0021–0.59 | 9 |
| EAY | — | 7 |
| 3’-PHOSPHOADENYLYLSULFATE | 0.0003–0.02 | 4 |
| VTDYYYPDI | 0.0193–120 | 4 |
| BENZYL-GLU-TYR | 1.223–1.297 | 2 |
| EEFHTDYIYTQDVK | 0.071–0.457 | 2 |
| P-SELECTIN GLYCOPROTEIN LIGAND-1 | 0.011–0.053 | 2 |
| PEPTIDE HIR-(57-65) | 0.24–0.41 | 2 |
| PEPTIDE Y+1 TYROSINE | 0.002–0.0044 | 2 |
| PSGL-1 | 0.0097–0.0269 | 2 |
| STATHERIN | 0.04 | 2 |
| TYR-TYR-TYR | 0.0175–0.022 | 2 |
| VTDSYYSYPDI | 17–21 | 2 |
| [Y+3 PEPTIDE]-L-TYROSINE | 0.0018–0.0019 | 2 |
| ATEFEFLDYDFL | 0.0315 | 1 |
Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:
- L-tyrosyl-[protein] + 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = O-sulfo-L-tyrosine-[protein] + adenosine 3’,5’-bisphosphate + H(+) (RHEA:16801)
UniProt features (56 total): helix 16, strand 9, binding site 7, mutagenesis site 7, sequence conflict 3, topological domain 2, site 2, glycosylation site 2, disulfide bond 2, turn 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, region of interest 1, active site 1
Structure
Experimental structures (PDB)
5 structures.
| PDB | Method | Resolution (Å) |
|---|---|---|
| 9WWE | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 1.75 |
| 3AP1 | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 1.9 |
| 9WWF | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2 |
| 3AP2 | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.4 |
| 3AP3 | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 3.5 |
Predicted structure (AlphaFold)
| Model | pLDDT | Fraction very-high |
|---|---|---|
| AF-O60704-F1 | 91.18 | 0.79 |
Functional residue map
Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.
Catalytic / active sites (3): 158 (transition state stabilizer); 285 (transition state stabilizer); 99 (proton donor/acceptor)
Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (7): 238; 285–294; 300; 78–82; 183; 191; 195
Disulfide bonds (2): 96–156, 225–233
Glycosylation sites (2): 343, 368
Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (7):
| Position | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| 78 | strongly reduced enzymatic activity. |
| 99 | loss of sulfotransferase activity. |
| 101 | prevents dimerization and strongly decreases enzyme activity. |
| 113 | prevents dimerization and decreases enzyme activity. |
| 158 | nearly complete loss of enzymatic activity. |
| 198 | slightly decreased sulfotransferase activity. |
| 285 | abolishes sulfotransferase activity. |
Function
Pathways and Gene Ontology
Reactome pathways
4 pathways
| ID | Pathway |
|---|---|
| R-HSA-156584 | Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules |
| R-HSA-163841 | Gamma carboxylation, hypusinylation, hydroxylation, and arylsulfatase activation |
| R-HSA-9674519 | Defective F8 sulfation at Y1699 |
| R-HSA-9942503 | Differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to T helper 1 cells (Th1 cells) |
MSigDB gene sets: 250 (showing top):
GOBP_SINGLE_FERTILIZATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_REPRODUCTIVE_PROCESS, REACTOME_BIOLOGICAL_OXIDATIONS, GOBP_MEMBRANE_FUSION, GOBP_PLASMA_MEMBRANE_ORGANIZATION, THEILGAARD_NEUTROPHIL_AT_SKIN_WOUND_DN, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_SULFATION, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_NUCLEOBASE_CONTAINING_SMALL_MOLECULE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GTGCCTT_MIR506, GOCC_TRANS_GOLGI_NETWORK, ONKEN_UVEAL_MELANOMA_UP, DEURIG_T_CELL_PROLYMPHOCYTIC_LEUKEMIA_DN, ROZANOV_MMP14_TARGETS_UP
GO Biological Process (4): peptidyl-tyrosine sulfation (GO:0006478), fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization (GO:0007342), 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate metabolic process (GO:0050427), prevention of polyspermy (GO:0060468)
GO Molecular Function (3): protein-tyrosine sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008476), protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803), transferase activity (GO:0016740)
GO Cellular Component (6): Golgi membrane (GO:0000139), endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), Golgi lumen (GO:0005796), trans-Golgi network (GO:0005802), membrane (GO:0016020)
Reactome top-level categories
Rollup of top-4 pathways:
| Category | Pathways |
|---|---|
| Phase II - Conjugation of compounds | 1 |
| Post-translational protein modification | 1 |
| Defective factor VIII causes hemophilia A | 1 |
| Differentiation of T cells | 1 |
GO top-level categories
Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:
| Category | Terms |
|---|---|
| Golgi apparatus | 2 |
| cytoplasm | 2 |
| endomembrane system | 2 |
| intracellular membrane-bounded organelle | 2 |
| protein sulfation | 1 |
| peptidyl-tyrosine modification | 1 |
| single fertilization | 1 |
| cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism | 1 |
| sulfur compound metabolic process | 1 |
| purine ribonucleotide metabolic process | 1 |
| purine ribonucleoside bisphosphate metabolic process | 1 |
| oxoacid metabolic process | 1 |
| egg activation | 1 |
| negative regulation of fertilization | 1 |
| sulfotransferase activity | 1 |
| catalytic activity, acting on a protein | 1 |
| identical protein binding | 1 |
| protein dimerization activity | 1 |
| catalytic activity | 1 |
| bounding membrane of organelle | 1 |
| intracellular organelle lumen | 1 |
| Golgi apparatus subcompartment | 1 |
| cellular anatomical structure | 1 |
Protein interactions and networks
STRING
1670 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):
| Protein A | Protein B | Partner UniProt | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| TPST2 | SLC35B2 | Q8TB61 | 720 |
| TPST2 | SELPLG | Q14242 | 636 |
| TPST2 | PDILT | Q8N807 | 598 |
| TPST2 | PAPSS1 | O43252 | 555 |
| TPST2 | ALCAM | Q13740 | 541 |
| TPST2 | SELP | P16109 | 516 |
| TPST2 | SRRD | Q9UH36 | 511 |
| TPST2 | RNASE10 | Q5GAN6 | 494 |
| TPST2 | CALR3 | Q96L12 | 485 |
| TPST2 | ADAM2 | P78326 | 477 |
| TPST2 | SULT2A1 | Q06520 | 472 |
| TPST2 | PRSS37 | A4D1T9 | 469 |
| TPST2 | BPNT1 | O95861 | 463 |
| TPST2 | SULT1B1 | O43704 | 454 |
| TPST2 | PSG2 | P11465 | 447 |
IntAct
49 interactions, top by confidence:
| A | B | Type | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLC39A9 | B4GALT5 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.530 |
| TCTN2 | TPST2 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.530 |
| SLC39A4 | TMEM120B | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.530 |
| CHRND | TPST2 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.530 |
| CSGALNACT2 | TPST1 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.530 |
| TPST1 | TPST2 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.530 |
| CHRNA3 | TMEM223 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| HTR3C | TMEM223 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| SLC39A4 | TMEM120B | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| CSGALNACT2 | CLASP2 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| MRAP2 | GOSR1 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| PTCH1 | PLXNB2 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| HTR3A | GPAA1 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| CHRND | EXTL3 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| CHRNA4 | TMEM223 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| HLA-DQA1 | TMEM223 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| CLEC12B | GXYLT2 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| LRRC55 | TMEM120B | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| TCTN2 | TMEM131L | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| CHRNB2 | TMEM131L | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| SMIM5 | KLRG2 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| SCGB2A1 | RAP1BL | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| KLRC1 | METTL15 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| SCN4A | C2CD4B | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| TMEM106A | RTL8C | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| SCGB2A2 | RTL8C | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| NRSN1 | FAM171A2 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| TMEM59 | GPR89A | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
BioGRID (139): TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TPST2 (Affinity Capture-RNA), DFNA5 (Affinity Capture-MS)
ESM2 similar proteins: A2WYE9, A8X181, B0W429, B3H5R0, O04933, O22775, O60507, O60704, O70281, O75072, O77081, O88856, P31927, P79701, Q0JGK4, Q0VBN2, Q0WQD2, Q17A75, Q18078, Q19187, Q23544, Q3EDG5, Q3KR92, Q3SYY2, Q4R863, Q5GIT4, Q5RJS8, Q5SP46, Q5ZJI0, Q60HG0, Q6DE37, Q6ZHZ1, Q8IZU8, Q8R507, Q8RXE1, Q8RY24, Q8W4A7, Q93ZX7, Q949Q1, Q9FF46
Diamond homologs: A8XLL3, O60507, O60704, O70281, O77081, O88856, Q20351, Q3KR92, Q3SYY2, Q4R863, Q5RJS8, Q5ZJI0, Q9PTE6, Q9VYB7, P55472
SIGNOR signaling
0 interactions.
Enriched among interaction partners
Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 61 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.
Reactome pathways:
| Pathway | Partners | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission | 7 | 20.6× | 1e-06 |
| Transmission across Chemical Synapses | 7 | 15.7× | 6e-06 |
| Neuronal System | 7 | 9.1× | 1e-04 |
GO biological processes:
| GO term | Partners | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway | 5 | 58.9× | 3e-06 |
| membrane depolarization | 5 | 48.2× | 7e-06 |
| monoatomic ion transmembrane transport | 8 | 31.4× | 5e-08 |
| chemical synaptic transmission | 6 | 8.8× | 2e-03 |
Disease & clinical
Clinical variants and AI predictions
ClinVar
61 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):
| Classification | Count (floor) |
|---|---|
| Pathogenic | 0 |
| Likely pathogenic | 0 |
| Uncertain significance | 52 |
| Likely benign | 0 |
| Benign | 0 |
Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)
SpliceAI
2235 predictions. Top by Δscore:
| Variant | Effect | Δscore |
|---|---|---|
| 22:26526156:T:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26526163:T:TA | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26528209:CTTA:C | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 22:26528210:TTAC:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 22:26528211:TACCT:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 22:26528212:A:C | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 22:26528213:C:CT | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536284:TCA:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536285:CAC:C | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536286:A:AC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536286:A:AG | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536286:AC:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536286:ACCCG:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536287:C:CC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536287:CC:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536287:CCCG:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536287:CCCGC:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536485:TC:T | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536486:CC:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26536487:C:CC | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 22:26526053:T:TA | donor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 22:26528208:GCTTA:G | donor_loss | 0.9900 |
| 22:26528262:CCTG:C | acceptor_loss | 0.9900 |
| 22:26528263:C:A | acceptor_loss | 0.9900 |
| 22:26528263:C:CC | acceptor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 22:26528264:T:A | acceptor_loss | 0.9900 |
| 22:26532689:TCTAA:T | donor_loss | 0.9900 |
| 22:26532690:CTAAC:C | donor_loss | 0.9900 |
| 22:26532691:TAACC:T | donor_loss | 0.9900 |
| 22:26532692:AACC:A | donor_loss | 0.9900 |
AlphaMissense
0 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:
dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000066025 (22:26526918 A>T), RS1000134487 (22:26550081 T>A,C), RS1000142670 (22:26589581 C>T), RS1000152034 (22:26543961 A>T), RS1000196878 (22:26589736 C>A), RS1000236222 (22:26535075 G>A), RS1000247476 (22:26535398 A>G), RS1000294546 (22:26583733 G>A,C), RS1000399200 (22:26578158 C>A,G,T), RS1000409579 (22:26555782 C>G), RS1000431536 (22:26552995 G>A), RS1000440026 (22:26549493 C>T), RS1000473720 (22:26589264 C>T), RS1000565453 (22:26536908 A>G), RS1000582089 (22:26529271 C>A,T)
Disease associations
OMIM: gene MIM:603126 | disease phenotypes:
GenCC curated gene-disease
Mondo (0):
Orphanet (0):
HPO phenotypes
0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):
GWAS associations
5 associations (top):
| Study | Trait | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| GCST005025_13 | Anti-saccade response | 4.000000e-06 |
| GCST005025_24 | Anti-saccade response | 4.000000e-06 |
| GCST006585_2351 | Blood protein levels | 7.000000e-09 |
| GCST009391_129 | Metabolite levels | 2.000000e-06 |
| GCST009391_1488 | Metabolite levels | 9.000000e-06 |
EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)
| EFO ID | Trait name |
|---|---|
| EFO:0006874 | antisaccade response measurement |
| EFO:0010355 | diacylglycerol 36:2 measurement |
| EFO:0010414 | triacylglycerol 52:2 measurement |
Drugs & pharmacology
Drug and pharmacology data
Is drug target: yes
ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3178 (SINGLE PROTEIN)
PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)
CTD chemical–gene interactions
30 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.
| Chemical | Actions (top 5) | PubMed papers |
|---|---|---|
| trichostatin A | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 2 |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | affects methylation, decreases expression | 2 |
| Valproic Acid | increases expression | 2 |
| aristolochic acid I | increases expression | 1 |
| methylmercuric chloride | decreases expression | 1 |
| triphenyl phosphate | affects expression | 1 |
| potassium chromate(VI) | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 1 |
| beta-methylcholine | affects expression | 1 |
| epigallocatechin gallate | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 1 |
| di-n-butylphosphoric acid | affects expression | 1 |
| 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide | decreases expression, affects cotreatment | 1 |
| ICG 001 | increases expression | 1 |
| abrine | decreases expression | 1 |
| dorsomorphin | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 1 |
| PCI 5002 | affects cotreatment, increases expression | 1 |
| Temozolomide | decreases expression | 1 |
| Zoledronic Acid | decreases expression | 1 |
| Acetaminophen | increases expression | 1 |
| Diuron | decreases expression | 1 |
| Fluorouracil | affects response to substance | 1 |
| Quercetin | decreases expression | 1 |
| Smoke | decreases expression | 1 |
| Tamoxifen | affects expression | 1 |
| Testosterone | decreases expression | 1 |
| Tobacco Smoke Pollution | increases expression | 1 |
| Urethane | increases expression | 1 |
| Zinc | affects cotreatment, increases expression | 1 |
| Cyclosporine | decreases expression | 1 |
| Aflatoxin B1 | decreases expression | 1 |
| tert-Butylhydroperoxide | increases expression | 1 |
ChEMBL screening assays
5 unique, capped per target: 5 binding
Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):
| Assay ID | Type | Description | Source paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| CHEMBL811422 | Binding | Inhibitory activity of compound was determined against human tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 (hTPST-2) using [35S]PAPS radioligand | Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase inhibitors generated by combinatorial target-guided ligand assembly. — Bioorg Med Chem Lett |
Clinical trials (associated diseases)
0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.
Related Atlas pages
No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.