TRPM1
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Also known as LTRPC1CSNB1C
Summary
TRPM1 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1, HGNC:7146) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 15q13.3, encoding Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (Q7Z4N2). Constitutively open nonselective divalent cation-conducting channels which mediate the influx of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Ba(2+), and Ni(2+) into the cytoplasm, leading to membrane depolarization.
This gene encodes a member of the transient receptor potential melastatin subfamily of transient receptor potential ion channels. The encoded protein is a calcium permeable cation channel that is expressed in melanocytes and may play a role in melanin synthesis. Specific mutations in this gene are the cause autosomal recessive complete congenital stationary night blindness-1C. The expression of this protein is inversely correlated with melanoma aggressiveness and as such it is used as a prognostic marker for melanoma metastasis. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Source: NCBI Gene 4308 — RefSeq curated summary.
At a glance
- Gene–disease (curated): TRPM1-related retinopathy (Definitive, ClinGen) — +2 more curated relationships
- GWAS associations: 8
- Clinical variants (ClinVar): 1,308 total — 51 pathogenic, 41 likely-pathogenic
- Phenotypes (HPO): 9
- Dosage sensitivity (ClinGen): haploinsufficiency autosomal recessive, triplosensitivity unscored
- MANE Select transcript:
NM_001252024
Identifiers
Gene identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| HGNC ID | HGNC:7146 |
| Approved symbol | TRPM1 |
| Name | transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 |
| Location | 15q13.3 |
| Locus type | gene with protein product |
| Status | Approved |
| Aliases | LTRPC1, CSNB1C |
| Ensembl gene | ENSG00000134160 |
| Ensembl biotype | protein_coding |
| OMIM | 603576 |
| Entrez | 4308 |
Gene structure
Transcript identifiers
Ensembl transcripts: 12 — 7 protein_coding, 3 retained_intron, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay
ENST00000256552, ENST00000397795, ENST00000557948, ENST00000558070, ENST00000558212, ENST00000558445, ENST00000558768, ENST00000559177, ENST00000559179, ENST00000560658, ENST00000560801, ENST00000711434
RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_001252024
NM_001252020, NM_001252024, NM_001252030, NM_002420
CCDS: CCDS10024, CCDS58345, CCDS58346, CCDS58347
Canonical transcript exons
ENST00000256552 — 28 exons
| Exon | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| ENSE00000912807 | 31063118 | 31063292 |
| ENSE00000912809 | 31066076 | 31066247 |
| ENSE00000912811 | 31067063 | 31067187 |
| ENSE00001127047 | 31067879 | 31068092 |
| ENSE00001757399 | 31070031 | 31070226 |
| ENSE00002242777 | 31081353 | 31081438 |
| ENSE00002269701 | 31101657 | 31101725 |
| ENSE00002545499 | 31001065 | 31003070 |
| ENSE00003464342 | 31049375 | 31049509 |
| ENSE00003482716 | 31062579 | 31062702 |
| ENSE00003508901 | 31076905 | 31076984 |
| ENSE00003519738 | 31046204 | 31046233 |
| ENSE00003520350 | 31037711 | 31037842 |
| ENSE00003523119 | 31050409 | 31050582 |
| ENSE00003525628 | 31026915 | 31027117 |
| ENSE00003544063 | 31060544 | 31060644 |
| ENSE00003549251 | 31047889 | 31047939 |
| ENSE00003552335 | 31040118 | 31040346 |
| ENSE00003580692 | 31029371 | 31029391 |
| ENSE00003584085 | 31047111 | 31047251 |
| ENSE00003584347 | 31032689 | 31032940 |
| ENSE00003590151 | 31028332 | 31028476 |
| ENSE00003605115 | 31026139 | 31026271 |
| ENSE00003643504 | 31061442 | 31061514 |
| ENSE00003651070 | 31038044 | 31038166 |
| ENSE00003669993 | 31041951 | 31042243 |
| ENSE00003682993 | 31035546 | 31035674 |
| ENSE00004015611 | 31030983 | 31031157 |
Expression profiles
Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 119 present calls, max score 99.09.
FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 2.1810 / max 324.8246, expressed in 69 samples.
FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)
| Promoter ID | TPM avg | Samples expressed |
|---|---|---|
| 149122 | 2.1224 | 65 |
| 149123 | 0.0255 | 5 |
| 149126 | 0.0148 | 5 |
| 149125 | 0.0127 | 4 |
| 149124 | 0.0056 | 4 |
Top tissues by expression
235 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):
| Tissue | Anatomy ID | Expression score | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|
| pigmented layer of retina | UBERON:0001782 | 99.09 | gold quality |
| retina | UBERON:0000966 | 99.07 | gold quality |
| nipple | UBERON:0002030 | 77.13 | gold quality |
| male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473 | 76.16 | gold quality |
| skin of leg | UBERON:0001511 | 74.05 | gold quality |
| skin of abdomen | UBERON:0001416 | 72.67 | gold quality |
| zone of skin | UBERON:0000014 | 72.37 | gold quality |
| mammalian vulva | UBERON:0000997 | 68.83 | gold quality |
| primordial germ cell in gonad | CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991 | 62.95 | gold quality |
| upper leg skin | UBERON:0004262 | 62.41 | gold quality |
| penis | UBERON:0000989 | 61.96 | gold quality |
| C1 segment of cervical spinal cord | UBERON:0006469 | 58.14 | gold quality |
| esophagus squamous epithelium | UBERON:0006920 | 58.02 | silver quality |
| spinal cord | UBERON:0002240 | 56.94 | gold quality |
| pancreatic ductal cell | CL:0002079 | 56.46 | silver quality |
| testis | UBERON:0000473 | 56.08 | gold quality |
| left testis | UBERON:0004533 | 55.87 | gold quality |
| endothelial cell | CL:0000115 | 55.65 | gold quality |
| right testis | UBERON:0004534 | 55.59 | gold quality |
| eye | UBERON:0000970 | 55.49 | gold quality |
| cardiac muscle of right atrium | UBERON:0003379 | 54.34 | gold quality |
| left ventricle myocardium | UBERON:0006566 | 54.23 | gold quality |
| epithelial cell of pancreas | CL:0000083 | 54.22 | gold quality |
| kidney epithelium | UBERON:0004819 | 53.93 | gold quality |
| sperm | CL:0000019 | 53.23 | gold quality |
| substantia nigra | UBERON:0002038 | 52.71 | gold quality |
| midbrain | UBERON:0001891 | 51.30 | gold quality |
| skin of hip | UBERON:0001554 | 51.05 | gold quality |
| inferior vagus X ganglion | UBERON:0005363 | 50.58 | silver quality |
| myocardium | UBERON:0002349 | 50.25 | gold quality |
Single-cell (SCXA)
Detected in 8 experiment(s), a significant marker in 7.
| Experiment | Marker? | Max mean expression |
|---|---|---|
| E-ANND-2 | yes | 3098.90 |
| E-GEOD-81383 | yes | 1452.31 |
| E-GEOD-137537 | yes | 1298.10 |
| E-MTAB-7407 | yes | 903.80 |
| E-MTAB-7316 | yes | 39.33 |
| E-GEOD-135922 | yes | 23.76 |
| E-MTAB-8142 | yes | 20.28 |
| E-ANND-3 | no | 0.00 |
Regulation
Is transcription factor: no
Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): MITF, TP53
miRNA regulators (miRDB)
36 targeting TRPM1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):
| miRNA | Max score | Avg score | miRNA target_count |
|---|---|---|---|
| HSA-MIR-568 | 99.98 | 69.86 | 2084 |
| HSA-MIR-507 | 99.97 | 70.11 | 1915 |
| HSA-MIR-557 | 99.96 | 70.01 | 1640 |
| HSA-MIR-651-3P | 99.94 | 73.48 | 5177 |
| HSA-MIR-9983-3P | 99.94 | 71.48 | 3631 |
| HSA-MIR-3682-5P | 99.93 | 67.97 | 1163 |
| HSA-MIR-6809-3P | 99.91 | 71.45 | 3814 |
| HSA-MIR-4753-3P | 99.90 | 71.03 | 3786 |
| HSA-MIR-4671-3P | 99.88 | 72.46 | 1045 |
| HSA-MIR-129-5P | 99.88 | 70.26 | 3273 |
| HSA-MIR-579-3P | 99.86 | 71.66 | 3628 |
| HSA-MIR-664B-3P | 99.84 | 71.65 | 3590 |
| HSA-MIR-130B-5P | 99.83 | 68.50 | 1888 |
| HSA-MIR-944 | 99.82 | 70.85 | 3042 |
| HSA-MIR-3156-3P | 99.76 | 66.72 | 939 |
| HSA-MIR-7856-5P | 99.75 | 69.99 | 2901 |
| HSA-MIR-33A-3P | 99.70 | 70.27 | 3362 |
| HSA-MIR-5700 | 99.64 | 69.88 | 2280 |
| HSA-MIR-141-5P | 99.57 | 67.86 | 897 |
| HSA-MIR-6832-3P | 99.52 | 70.44 | 1726 |
| HSA-MIR-4460 | 99.37 | 68.52 | 615 |
| HSA-MIR-4311 | 99.31 | 70.47 | 3041 |
| HSA-MIR-3160-5P | 99.28 | 69.07 | 1938 |
| HSA-MIR-4477B | 99.23 | 70.49 | 1733 |
| HSA-MIR-6734-3P | 99.15 | 66.27 | 1627 |
| HSA-MIR-7151-3P | 99.04 | 69.72 | 2370 |
| HSA-MIR-5001-3P | 98.91 | 67.28 | 1394 |
| HSA-MIR-4662A-5P | 98.48 | 67.18 | 1007 |
| HSA-MIR-4772-3P | 98.04 | 65.60 | 1203 |
| HSA-MIR-3159 | 97.94 | 66.79 | 1098 |
Functional genomics
ClinGen dosage: haploinsufficiency 30 (autosomal recessive), triplosensitivity Not yet evaluated (unscored). ClinGen Gene Dosage Map
Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)
- studies identify MITF as a major transcriptional regulator of TRPM1 and suggest that its prognostic value may be linked to MITF-mediated regulation of cellular differentiation (PMID:14744763)
- These findings suggest that the pattern of TRPM1 mRNA expression may be helpful in the differentiation of Spitz nevi and nodular melanomas. (PMID:19396153)
- Data suggest that TRPM1 is an ion channel whose function is critical to normal melanocyte pigmentation and is thus a potential target for pigmentation disorders. (PMID:19436059)
- The regulation of TRPM1 by ultraviolet and its role in melanogenesis in epidermal melanocytes are reported. (PMID:19587221)
- Recessive mutations of TRPM1 abrogate ON bipolar cell function and cause complete congenital stationary night blindness. (PMID:19878917)
- [REVIEW] TRPM1 and TRPM2, are localized in intracellular compartments and are involved in melanin synthesis and oxidative stress-induced cell death (PMID:19887679)
- Mutations in TRPM1 are a common cause of complete congenital stationary night blindness. (PMID:19896109)
- TRPM1 is mutated in patients with autosomal-recessive complete congenital stationary night blindness. (PMID:19896113)
- Human TRPM1 mutations are associated with the complete form of congenital stationary night blindness in Japanese patients. (PMID:20300565)
- TRPM1 is mutated in patients with autosomal-recessive congenital stationary night blindness. (PMID:20346272)
- TRPM1 mRNA expression is specific for melanocytes and strongly associated with MITF and tyrosinase expression, the latter implicating a mature melanocyte phenotype (PMID:20482673)
- This review covers the significant discoveries related to the physiological function and regulatory mechanism of the TRPM1 channel in retinal ON bipolar cells and the association of human TRPM1 mutations. (PMID:20846719)
- Data demonstrate that TRPM1 proteins are bona fide ion-conducting plasma membrane channels. (PMID:21278253)
- summarize and discuss our present knowledge of TRPM1: its discovery, expression, regulation, and proposed functions in skin and eye (PMID:21290293)
- present investigation found no evidence for an association between sequence variation at the TRPM1 gene and albumin-to-creatinine ratio in Mexican Americans, although it appears to have modest influence on T2DM risk factors (PMID:21439949)
- This study reveals TRPM1 to be one of the autoantigens targeted by autoantibodies in at least some patients with cancer-associated retinopathy or melanoma-associated retinopathy associated with retinal ON bipolar cell dysfunction. (PMID:21611200)
- A proteomic search for proteins associated with nyctalopin in the retina identifies TRPM1 as the binding partner. (PMID:21832182)
- In the human retina TRPM1 is expressed on ON-bipolar cell dendrites that invaginate photoreceptor terminals and is also expressed on the synaptic ribbons of a subclass of rods, suggesting a dual function for TRPM1 in the ON-pathway. (PMID:21896854)
- The results expand the mutation spectrum of NYX, CACNA1F and GRM6. They also suggest that NYX mutations are a common cause of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB),No variations were found in TRPM1. (PMID:22735794)
- These data suggest differences in coupling of TRPM1 function to mGluR6 signaling explain different cellular responses to glutamate in the retina and the skin. (PMID:23452348)
- We found 13 different mutations in the TRPM1 gene in congenital stationary night blindness. (PMID:23714322)
- visual deficits in melanoma associated retinopathy are caused by the uptake of TRPM1 autoantibodies into ON-bipolar cells (PMID:23936334)
- This is the first reported case of a melanoma-associated retinopathy diagnosed utilizing the innovative approach of testing for serum TRPM1 autoantibodies. (PMID:24053997)
- genotype-phenotype correlations showed that this eye phenotype was secondary to homozygous deletion of TRPM1, the gene responsible for autosomal recessive congenital stationary night blindness. The main differential diagnosis is ceroid lipofuscinosis. (PMID:24668847)
- these data indicate that purified TRPM1 is mostly dimeric. The three-dimensional structure of TRPM1 dimers is characterized by a small putative transmembrane domain and a larger domain with a hollow cavity. (PMID:25112866)
- Affected family members harboured the homozygous 1-bp deletion c.2394delC in exon 18 of the TRPM1 gene, whereas their unaffected parents were heterozygous carriers. (PMID:27084085)
- Loss of TRPM1 mRNA expression appears to be a crucial event in the progression of melanoma to a more malignant, metastatic phenotype. (PMID:27987328)
- This study reveals the structural underpinnings of TRPML1’s regulation, assembly and pathogenesis. (PMID:28112729)
- We have confirmed the TRPM1 36,445 bp deletion is a founder mutation in the Ashkenazi-Jewish (AJ) population with a carrier rate of 1 in 50. We have also confirmed the 35,741 bp deletion in the CACNA2D4 gene is a founder mutation in the AJ population with a carrier rate of 1 in 56. (PMID:28726569)
- These results show that joint tests of main effects and gene-gene interaction reveal associations at some novel loci that were missed when considering main effects alone. (PMID:28813576)
- TRPM1-associated cCSNB is a channelopathy that may present without complaints of night blindness in childhood. (PMID:29522070)
- The results indicate that the majority of transient receptor potential melastatin-1 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum, from which it can potentially be transported to the dendritic tips as needed for ON light responses. (PMID:30027108)
- TRPM1 Mutations are the Most Common Cause of Autosomal Recessive Congenital Stationary Night Blindness (CSNB) in the Palestinian and Israeli Populations. (PMID:31427709)
- Serum SUR1 and TRPM4 in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. (PMID:31707576)
- A novel homozygous c.1394T>A (p.Met465Lys) missense mutation in TRPM1 was identified in two siblings. (PMID:31908403)
- Genetic polymorphisms of transient receptor potential melastatin 1 correlate with voriconazole-related visual adverse events. (PMID:32222082)
- A case of melanoma-associated retinopathy with autoantibodies against TRPM1. (PMID:32472235)
- Association Analysis Between Common Variants of the TRPM1 Gene and Three Mental Disorders in the Han Chinese Population. (PMID:33001715)
- Congenital stationary night blindness in a patient with mild learning disability due to a compound heterozygous microdeletion of 15q13 and a missense mutation in TRPM1. (PMID:33691579)
- Clinical and genetic findings in TRPM1-related congenital stationary night blindness. (PMID:35633130)
Cross-species orthologs
10 orthologs
| Organism | Symbol | Gene ID |
|---|---|---|
| danio_rerio | trpm1a | ENSDARG00000011259 |
| danio_rerio | trpm1b | ENSDARG00000103476 |
| mus_musculus | Trpm1 | ENSMUSG00000030523 |
| rattus_norvegicus | Trpm1 | ENSRNOG00000015829 |
| drosophila_melanogaster | Trpm | FBGN0265194 |
| caenorhabditis_elegans | gon-2 | WBGENE00001651 |
| caenorhabditis_elegans | WBGENE00004149 | |
| caenorhabditis_elegans | WBGENE00020972 | |
| caenorhabditis_elegans | WBGENE00021404 | |
| caenorhabditis_elegans | WBGENE00021408 |
Paralogs (7): TRPM5 (ENSG00000070985), TRPM3 (ENSG00000083067), TRPM7 (ENSG00000092439), TRPM6 (ENSG00000119121), TRPM4 (ENSG00000130529), TRPM2 (ENSG00000142185), TRPM8 (ENSG00000144481)
Protein
Protein identifiers
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 — Q7Z4N2 (reviewed: Q7Z4N2)
Alternative names: Long transient receptor potential channel 1, Melastatin-1
All UniProt accessions (6): A0A0A0MTQ9, A0A0A0MTR0, A0AAA9YHX4, Q7Z4N2, H0YKU7, H0YM61
UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →
Function. Constitutively open nonselective divalent cation-conducting channels which mediate the influx of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Ba(2+), and Ni(2+) into the cytoplasm, leading to membrane depolarization. Impermeable to zinc ions. In addition, forms heteromultimeric ion channels with TRPM3 which are permeable for calcium and zinc ions. Plays an essential role for the depolarizing photoresponse of retinal ON bipolar cells. In the dark, tonic release of glutamate activates the G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate, GRM6, its activation induces the release of G(o) protein and the beta-gamma G protein dimer. Both subunits can interact and inactivate the TRPM1 channel. A light onset, induces decrease in glutamate release and deactivation of GRM6 leading to channel opening and membrane depolarization. May play a role in metastasis suppression.
Subunit / interactions. Interacts with TRPM3; the interaction results in the formation of a heteromultimeric cation channel complex that are functionally different from the homomeric channels. Interacts with GPR179. Associates with both guanine nucleotide-binding proteins G(o) and beta-gamma G protein dimer; implicated in directly regulating TRPM1 channel open-state. Interacts with NYX and GRM6; the interaction is required for localization to dendritic tips of ON bipolar cells.
Subcellular location. Cell membrane. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Cell projection. Axon.
Tissue specificity. Expressed in the retina where it localizes to the outer plexiform layer. Specifically, it is expressed in retinal bipolar cells (BPCs) of the ON subtype. Highly expressed in benign melanocytic nevi and diffusely expressed in various in situ melanomas, but not detected in melanoma metastases. Also expressed in melanocytes and pigmented metastatic melanoma cell lines. In melanocytes expression appears to be regulated at the level of transcription and mRNA processing.
Disease relevance. Night blindness, congenital stationary, 1C (CSNB1C) [MIM:613216] A non-progressive retinal disorder characterized by impaired night vision, often associated with nystagmus and myopia. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Activity regulation. Inhibited by extracellular zinc ions. Inhibited by intracellular Mg(2+). Activated by the neuroactive steroid pregnenolone sulfate. Negatively regulated by activation of GRM6 receptors in the ON-bipolar cells.
Miscellaneous. May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
Similarity. Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. LTrpC subfamily. TRPM1 sub-subfamily.
Isoforms (7)
| UniProt ID | Names | Canonical? |
|---|---|---|
| Q7Z4N2-1 | 1 | yes |
| Q7Z4N2-2 | 2 | |
| Q7Z4N2-3 | 3 | |
| Q7Z4N2-4 | 4 | |
| Q7Z4N2-5 | 5 | |
| Q7Z4N2-6 | 6 | |
| Q7Z4N2-7 | 7 |
RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001238949, NP_001238953, NP_001238959, NP_002411 (=MANE)
Domains & families (InterPro)
| ID | Name | Type |
|---|---|---|
| IPR005821 | Ion_trans_dom | Domain |
| IPR032415 | TRPM_tetra | Domain |
| IPR037162 | TRPM_tetra_sf | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR041491 | TRPM_SLOG | Domain |
| IPR050927 | TRPM | Family |
| IPR057366 | TRPM-like | Domain |
Pfam: PF00520, PF16519, PF18139, PF25508
Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 4 shown:
- Mn(2+)(in) = Mn(2+)(out) (RHEA:28699)
- Ca(2+)(in) = Ca(2+)(out) (RHEA:29671)
- Mg(2+)(in) = Mg(2+)(out) (RHEA:29827)
- Ni(2+)(in) = Ni(2+)(out) (RHEA:29831)
UniProt features (63 total): sequence variant 26, topological domain 7, splice variant 7, transmembrane region 6, region of interest 5, compositionally biased region 4, sequence conflict 3, mutagenesis site 2, chain 1, coiled-coil region 1, glycosylation site 1
Structure
Experimental structures (PDB)
0 structures.
Predicted structure (AlphaFold)
| Model | pLDDT | Fraction very-high |
|---|---|---|
| AF-Q7Z4N2-F1 | 66.74 | 0.17 |
Functional residue map
Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.
Glycosylation sites (1): 1076
Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (2):
| Position | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| 989 | reduces inhibition by zinc allowing zinc ion influx. |
| 1021–1027 | abolishes inhibition by zinc allowing zinc ion influx. |
Function
Pathways and Gene Ontology
Reactome pathways
2 pathways
| ID | Pathway |
|---|---|
| R-HSA-3295583 | TRP channels |
| R-HSA-9824594 | Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in apoptosis |
MSigDB gene sets: 176 (showing top):
YAATNRNNNYNATT_UNKNOWN, NKX25_02, GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_LIGHT_STIMULUS, chr15q13, GOBP_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_GLUTAMATE_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, RIZKI_TUMOR_INVASIVENESS_3D_DN, GOBP_MONOATOMIC_CATION_TRANSPORT, TCF4_Q5, CEBP_Q2, GOBP_CALCIUM_ION_IMPORT, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_LIGHT_STIMULUS, MODULE_256, MODULE_480, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_RADIATION, TGACATY_UNKNOWN
GO Biological Process (11): calcium ion transport (GO:0006816), G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007216), visual perception (GO:0007601), protein tetramerization (GO:0051262), calcium ion transmembrane transport (GO:0070588), cellular response to light stimulus (GO:0071482), monoatomic cation transmembrane transport (GO:0098655), calcium ion import across plasma membrane (GO:0098703), monoatomic ion transport (GO:0006811), monoatomic ion transmembrane transport (GO:0034220), transmembrane transport (GO:0055085)
GO Molecular Function (6): calcium channel activity (GO:0005262), monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0008324), monoatomic ion channel activity (GO:0005216), monoatomic cation channel activity (GO:0005261), protein binding (GO:0005515), metal ion transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0046873)
GO Cellular Component (6): endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), axon (GO:0030424), membrane (GO:0016020), cell projection (GO:0042995)
Reactome top-level categories
Rollup of top-2 pathways:
| Category | Pathways |
|---|---|
| Stimuli-sensing channels | 1 |
| MITF-M-dependent gene expression | 1 |
GO top-level categories
Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:
| Category | Terms |
|---|---|
| metal ion transport | 2 |
| monoatomic cation transmembrane transport | 2 |
| transport | 2 |
| monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity | 2 |
| monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity | 2 |
| cellular anatomical structure | 2 |
| G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| glutamate receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| G protein-coupled glutamate receptor activity | 1 |
| sensory perception of light stimulus | 1 |
| protein complex oligomerization | 1 |
| calcium ion transport | 1 |
| response to light stimulus | 1 |
| cellular response to radiation | 1 |
| monoatomic cation transport | 1 |
| monoatomic ion transmembrane transport | 1 |
| calcium ion import | 1 |
| calcium ion transmembrane import into cytosol | 1 |
| inorganic cation import across plasma membrane | 1 |
| calcium ion import into cytosol | 1 |
| monoatomic ion transport | 1 |
| transmembrane transport | 1 |
| cellular process | 1 |
| monoatomic cation channel activity | 1 |
| calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity | 1 |
| channel activity | 1 |
| monoatomic ion channel activity | 1 |
| binding | 1 |
| cytoplasm | 1 |
| endomembrane system | 1 |
| intracellular membrane-bounded organelle | 1 |
| organelle membrane | 1 |
| nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network | 1 |
| endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment | 1 |
| membrane | 1 |
| cell periphery | 1 |
| neuron projection | 1 |
Protein interactions and networks
STRING
1056 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):
| Protein A | Protein B | Partner UniProt | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRPM1 | NYX | Q9GZU5 | 975 |
| TRPM1 | GRM6 | O15303 | 974 |
| TRPM1 | MTMR10 | Q9NXD2 | 931 |
| TRPM1 | LRIT3 | Q3SXY7 | 853 |
| TRPM1 | FAN1 | Q9Y2M0 | 852 |
| TRPM1 | TYR | P14679 | 783 |
| TRPM1 | TYRP1 | P17643 | 766 |
| TRPM1 | TRPV1 | Q8NER1 | 734 |
| TRPM1 | MITF | O75030 | 687 |
| TRPM1 | GPR179 | Q6PRD1 | 680 |
| TRPM1 | CACNA1F | O60840 | 673 |
| TRPM1 | CABP4 | P57796 | 661 |
| TRPM1 | OTUD7A | Q8TE49 | 651 |
| TRPM1 | GNAO1 | P09471 | 642 |
| TRPM1 | MLANA | Q16655 | 606 |
IntAct
122 interactions, top by confidence:
| A | B | Type | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRPM1 | PTPN3 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | MAST2 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | SNX27 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | SCRIB | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | DLG1 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | SNTB1 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | GIPC2 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | MAST1 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | PARD3B | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | ARHGAP21 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | LIN7C | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | DLG3 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| APBA3 | TRPM1 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | MAGI3 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | RHPN1 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | PDZRN4 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | MPP2 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | MAGI2 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | PCLO | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | PATJ | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | LNX2 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | NHERF4 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | NHERF2 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | TJP1 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | PDZK1 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
| TRPM1 | GORASP1 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.440 |
BioGRID (12): TRPM1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TRPM1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TRPM1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TRPM1 (Two-hybrid), TRPM1 (Proximity Label-MS), HIST1H2BH (Proximity Label-MS), TRPM1 (Reconstituted Complex), TRPM1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TRPM1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TRPM1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TRPM1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TRPM1 (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS))
ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0R4IMY7, A0JPA0, A2AP18, A8DYE2, J9SQF3, O00329, O35904, O75038, P0C1Q3, P0C588, P19687, P33402, P48736, P97557, Q02108, Q09M05, Q148L1, Q1LWG4, Q2TV84, Q2WEA5, Q3USB7, Q4ZHS0, Q502J0, Q5EBA1, Q60565, Q62688, Q69ZF7, Q6P4Q7, Q6PA06, Q7L5N7, Q7TN37, Q7Z2W7, Q7Z4N2, Q80YD1, Q8BTI9, Q8BYI6, Q8BZN2, Q8CIR4, Q8NHH9, Q8R455
Diamond homologs: A0A0R4IMY7, A7T1N0, A8DYE2, E9PTA2, J9SQF3, O94759, Q2TV84, Q2WEA5, Q5XIG0, Q7TN37, Q7Z2W7, Q7Z4N2, Q8BVU5, Q8R455, Q8R4D5, Q8TD43, Q91YD4, Q9BW91, Q9ESQ5, Q9HCF6, Q9JJH7, Q9NZQ8, S5UH55, Q09297, Q8CIR4, Q923J1, Q925B3, Q96QT4, Q9BX84, Q93971, O00418, O01991, P42527, P90648, Q54SF9, Q6B9X6, Q8MY12, Q54DK4, Q86TB3, Q91ZB0
SIGNOR signaling
1 interactions.
| A | Effect | B | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|---|
| MITF | “up-regulates quantity by expression” | TRPM1 | “transcriptional regulation” |
Enriched among interaction partners
Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 79 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.
Reactome pathways:
| Pathway | Partners | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assembly and cell surface presentation of NMDA receptors | 8 | 39.8× | 2e-09 |
| Neurexins and neuroligins | 9 | 34.8× | 9e-10 |
| Protein-protein interactions at synapses | 6 | 31.2× | 3e-06 |
GO biological processes:
| GO term | Partners | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity | 9 | 68.8× | 2e-12 |
| receptor clustering | 7 | 57.5× | 6e-09 |
| protein localization to synapse | 5 | 50.4× | 5e-06 |
| regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels | 5 | 32.6× | 3e-05 |
| cell-cell adhesion | 9 | 12.0× | 5e-06 |
| protein-containing complex assembly | 8 | 12.0× | 3e-05 |
| chemical synaptic transmission | 6 | 6.1× | 9e-03 |
Disease & clinical
Clinical variants and AI predictions
ClinVar
1308 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):
| Classification | Count (floor) |
|---|---|
| Pathogenic | 51 |
| Likely pathogenic | 41 |
| Uncertain significance | 590 |
| Likely benign | 436 |
| Benign | 102 |
Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (30)
| Variant ID | HGVS | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| 1069278 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.763_764insCTGCG (p.His255fs) | Pathogenic |
| 1071080 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.733G>T (p.Glu245Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1073921 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.745C>T (p.Arg249Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1323717 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.2013C>A (p.Tyr671Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1368732 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1919G>A (p.Trp640Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1372145 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1962G>A (p.Trp654Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1431480 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.336del (p.Asp113fs) | Pathogenic |
| 1441780 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1566T>A (p.Tyr522Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1451202 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.2925del (p.Pro976fs) | Pathogenic |
| 1452756 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.403C>T (p.Gln135Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1453529 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1369A>T (p.Lys457Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1457255 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.2250C>A (p.Cys750Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1458159 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.2388T>A (p.Tyr796Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 1459633 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.482del (p.Gly161fs) | Pathogenic |
| 1517049 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.3127+1G>A | Pathogenic |
| 1710199 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1305_1324del (p.Glu436fs) | Pathogenic |
| 1951885 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1893del (p.Gln631fs) | Pathogenic |
| 1996737 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.2737dup (p.Ile913fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2004067 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.370dup (p.Ser124fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2013040 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.3132C>A (p.Tyr1044Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 2111311 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1343del (p.Gly448fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2137643 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.2343del (p.Thr782fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2706972 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.2501_2502del (p.Arg834fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2716312 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.836del (p.Gly279fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2756723 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1134del (p.Met379fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2797375 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.3097_3104del (p.Tyr1033fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2879560 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1223_1224del (p.Ile408fs) | Pathogenic |
| 2986734 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.553dup (p.Val185fs) | Pathogenic |
| 30363 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.2711C>A (p.Ser904Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 30364 | NM_001252024.2(TRPM1):c.1089+3_1089+6del | Pathogenic |
SpliceAI
4477 predictions. Top by Δscore:
| Variant | Effect | Δscore |
|---|---|---|
| 15:31026134:CGTA:C | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026136:TACCT:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026137:A:AC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026137:A:AG | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026137:AC:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026138:C:CG | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026138:CC:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026138:CCT:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026138:CCTT:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026138:CCTTT:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026267:GAGCT:G | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026268:AGCT:A | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026270:CT:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026272:C:CC | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026272:C:CG | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026273:T:A | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026296:C:CT | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026298:CG:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026299:G:GC | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026913:A:AC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026914:C:CC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026914:CT:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026917:A:AC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026917:AAT:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026917:AATC:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026918:A:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026932:T:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31026957:T:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 15:31028328:GTAC:G | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 15:31028329:TA:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
AlphaMissense
10762 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:
| Variant | Protein change | am_pathogenicity |
|---|---|---|
| 15:31027077:A:G | W1090R | 1.000 |
| 15:31027077:A:T | W1090R | 1.000 |
| 15:31028350:A:G | L1070P | 1.000 |
| 15:31028380:A:G | L1060P | 1.000 |
| 15:31031107:A:C | S979R | 1.000 |
| 15:31031107:A:T | S979R | 1.000 |
| 15:31031109:T:G | S979R | 1.000 |
| 15:31040227:A:G | L714P | 1.000 |
| 15:31027055:A:G | L1097P | 0.999 |
| 15:31027064:C:G | R1094P | 0.999 |
| 15:31027069:G:C | F1092L | 0.999 |
| 15:31027069:G:T | F1092L | 0.999 |
| 15:31027071:A:G | F1092L | 0.999 |
| 15:31027075:C:A | W1090C | 0.999 |
| 15:31027075:C:G | W1090C | 0.999 |
| 15:31028334:G:C | F1075L | 0.999 |
| 15:31028334:G:T | F1075L | 0.999 |
| 15:31028336:A:G | F1075L | 0.999 |
| 15:31028347:A:G | L1071P | 0.999 |
| 15:31028352:G:C | N1069K | 0.999 |
| 15:31028352:G:T | N1069K | 0.999 |
| 15:31028362:A:G | L1066P | 0.999 |
| 15:31028367:G:C | N1064K | 0.999 |
| 15:31028367:G:T | N1064K | 0.999 |
| 15:31028387:A:G | C1058R | 0.999 |
| 15:31028411:A:G | W1050R | 0.999 |
| 15:31028411:A:T | W1050R | 0.999 |
| 15:31030999:A:C | F1015L | 0.999 |
| 15:31030999:A:T | F1015L | 0.999 |
| 15:31031000:A:C | F1015C | 0.999 |
dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000023299 (15:31117964 A>G,T), RS1000029450 (15:31002263 C>A), RS1000036045 (15:31087175 G>A,C), RS1000045585 (15:31098042 CTTAT>C), RS1000059867 (15:31046787 T>C), RS1000063523 (15:31062091 C>G,T), RS1000085033 (15:31118222 C>T), RS1000106100 (15:31008572 G>C), RS1000111743 (15:31143743 T>C), RS1000118790 (15:31156596 G>A,T), RS1000153998 (15:31140909 A>C,G), RS1000170326 (15:31070534 A>T), RS1000222143 (15:31127596 A>C), RS1000225525 (15:31013744 G>T), RS1000253090 (15:31019976 A>G)
Disease associations
OMIM: gene MIM:603576 | disease phenotypes: MIM:613216, MIM:310500, MIM:268000, MIM:120970
GenCC curated gene-disease
| Disease | Classification | Inheritance |
|---|---|---|
| congenital stationary night blindness 1C | Definitive | Autosomal recessive |
| congenital stationary night blindness | Supportive | Autosomal dominant |
ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (1)
Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.
| Disease | Classification | Inheritance |
|---|---|---|
| TRPM1-related retinopathy | Definitive | AR |
Mondo (11): congenital stationary night blindness 1C (MONDO:0013183), hereditary macular dystrophy (MONDO:0020242), inherited retinal dystrophy (MONDO:0019118), retinal disorder (MONDO:0005283), optic atrophy (MONDO:0003608), night blindness (MONDO:0004588), congenital stationary night blindness (MONDO:0016293), ependymoma (MONDO:0016698), retinitis pigmentosa (MONDO:0019200), cone-rod dystrophy (MONDO:0015993), intellectual disability (MONDO:0001071)
Orphanet (7): Congenital stationary night blindness (Orphanet:215), OBSOLETE: Inherited retinal disorder (Orphanet:71862), Ependymoma (Orphanet:251636), Retinitis pigmentosa (Orphanet:791), Cone rod dystrophy (Orphanet:1872), OBSOLETE: Genetic macular dystrophy (Orphanet:98664), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Unexplained intellectual disability (Orphanet:319658)
HPO phenotypes
9 total (10 of 9 shown, HPO-id order):
| HPO | Term |
|---|---|
| HP:0000007 | Autosomal recessive inheritance |
| HP:0000486 | Strabismus |
| HP:0000512 | Abnormal electroretinogram |
| HP:0000545 | Myopia |
| HP:0000639 | Nystagmus |
| HP:0000958 | Dry skin |
| HP:0001000 | Abnormality of skin pigmentation |
| HP:0007642 | Early-onset non-progressive night blindness |
| HP:0007663 | Reduced visual acuity |
| HP:0000556 | Retinal dystrophy |
GWAS associations
8 associations (top):
| Study | Trait | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| GCST000473_7 | Response to antipsychotic treatment | 3.000000e-06 |
| GCST001905_9 | Hypertriglyceridemia | 6.000000e-06 |
| GCST004691_16 | Huntington’s disease progression | 8.000000e-06 |
| GCST004868_1 | Advanced age-related macular degeneration | 2.000000e-07 |
| GCST006484_3 | Type 2 diabetes | 2.000000e-07 |
| GCST006976_47 | Macular thickness | 3.000000e-14 |
| GCST007511_17 | Alzheimer’s disease (late onset) | 7.000000e-06 |
| GCST010002_164 | Refractive error | 5.000000e-10 |
EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)
| EFO ID | Trait name |
|---|---|
| EFO:0004530 | triglyceride measurement |
| EFO:0008336 | disease progression measurement |
| EFO:1001870 | late-onset Alzheimers disease |
MeSH disease descriptors (10)
| Descriptor | Name | Tree numbers |
|---|---|---|
| D000071700 | Cone-Rod Dystrophies | C11.270.152; C11.768.585.658.250; C16.320.290.152 |
| D004806 | Ependymoma | C04.557.465.625.600.380.290; C04.557.470.670.380.290; C04.557.580.625.600.380.290 |
| D008607 | Intellectual Disability | C10.597.606.360; C23.888.592.604.646; F01.700.687; F03.625.539 |
| D009755 | Night Blindness | C11.966.671 |
| D009896 | Optic Atrophy | C10.292.700.225; C11.640.451 |
| D012164 | Retinal Diseases | C11.768 |
| D058499 | Retinal Dystrophies | C11.768.585.658 |
| D012174 | Retinitis Pigmentosa | C11.270.684; C11.768.585.658.500; C16.320.290.684 |
| C567704 | CSNB1C (supp.) | |
| C536122 | Night blindness, congenital stationary (supp.) |
Drugs & pharmacology
Drug and pharmacology data
Is drug target: no
PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)
GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology
(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)
Target class: vgic — Transient Receptor Potential channels (TRP)
Most potent curated ligand interactions (1 total), top 1:
| Ligand | Action | Affinity | Parameter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zn2+ | Channel blocker | 6.0 | pIC50 |
CTD chemical–gene interactions
19 total (human), top 19 by PubMed support.
| Chemical | Actions (top 5) | PubMed papers |
|---|---|---|
| Aflatoxin B1 | increases methylation | 2 |
| bisphenol A | affects cotreatment, decreases methylation | 1 |
| VX-agent | increases expression | 1 |
| manganese chloride | increases expression | 1 |
| benzo(e)pyrene | increases methylation | 1 |
| aflatoxin B2 | increases methylation | 1 |
| S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine | increases expression, affects response to substance | 1 |
| CGP 52608 | affects binding, increases reaction | 1 |
| bisphenol S | decreases methylation | 1 |
| Resveratrol | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 1 |
| Fulvestrant | affects cotreatment, decreases methylation | 1 |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | affects methylation, increases methylation | 1 |
| Cadmium | decreases expression, increases abundance | 1 |
| Lipopolysaccharides | affects response to substance, increases expression | 1 |
| Manganese | increases expression | 1 |
| Methapyrilene | increases methylation | 1 |
| Plant Extracts | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 1 |
| Valproic Acid | decreases methylation | 1 |
| Cadmium Chloride | decreases expression, increases abundance | 1 |
Clinical trials (associated diseases)
235 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.
| Trial | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01955135 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Anesthesia for Retinopathy of Prematurity |
| NCT00717080 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | The Role of Capsular Tension Ring (CTR) in Anterior Capsular Contraction |
| NCT04224207 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Management of Retinitis Pigmentosa by Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Wharton’s Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
| NCT07082855 | PHASE3 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Study of Minocycline for the Treatment of Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| NCT00517959 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | SCRT Versus Conventional RT in Children and Young Adults With Low Grade and Benign Brain Tumors |
| NCT01096368 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Maintenance Chemotherapy or Observation Following Induction Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Ependymoma |
| NCT00000114 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Randomized Trial of Vitamin A and Vitamin E Supplementation for Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| NCT00000116 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Randomized Trial of DHA for Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients Receiving Vitamin A |
| NCT00346333 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Clinical Trial of Lutein for Patients With Retinitis Pigmentosa Receiving Vitamin A |
| NCT01786395 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | Phase III Efficacy and Safety Clinical Study of UF-021 for Treatment of Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| NCT04636853 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | CB-PRP in Retinitis Pigmentosa and Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration |
| NCT05537220 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Oral N-acetylcysteine for Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| NCT05800301 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Management of Retinitis Pigmentosa Via Combination of Wharton’s Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Magnovision |
| NCT05926583 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Study of AAV5-hRKp.RPGR for the Treatment of Japanese Participants With X-linked Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| NCT06388200 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Phase 3 Study Of OCU400 Gene Therapy for the Treatment Of Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| NCT07290530 | PHASE3 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | 24-Month Trial of NPI-001 for the Preservation of Photoreceptors in Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated With Usher Syndrome |
| NCT03763227 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Intravitreal Ranibizumab (Lucentis®) in the Treatment of Non-leaking Macular Cysts in Retinal Dystrophy |
| NCT04068207 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Minocycline Treatment in Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| NCT04945772 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety of MCO-010 Optogenetic Therapy in Adults With Retinitis Pigmentosa [RESTORE] |
| NCT01373476 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Multicentre, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Qideng Mingmu Capsule in The Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy |
| NCT01793090 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | EPI-743 in Cobalamin C Defect: Effects on Visual and Neurological Impairment |
| NCT00003479 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Antineoplaston Therapy in Treating Patients With Ependymoma |
| NCT00520936 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | A Study of Pemetrexed in Children With Recurrent Cancer |
| NCT00840047 | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Methionine PET/CT Studies In Patients With Cancer |
| NCT01088035 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Carboplatin as a Radiosensitizer in Treating Childhood Ependymoma |
| NCT01247922 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Single-agent Erlotinib in Patients Previously Treated With Oral Etoposide in Protocol OSI-774-205 |
| NCT01288235 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Proton Radiotherapy for Pediatric Brain Tumors Requiring Partial Brain Irradiation |
| NCT01295944 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Carboplatin and Bevacizumab for Recurrent Ependymoma |
| NCT01356290 | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Antiangiogenic Therapy for Children With Recurrent Medulloblastoma, Ependymoma, ATRT and Rare CNS Tumors |
| NCT01836549 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Imetelstat Sodium in Treating Younger Patients With Recurrent or Refractory Brain Tumors |
| NCT02125786 | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | A Trial of Surgery and Fractionated Re-Irradiation for Recurrent Ependymoma |
| NCT02689336 | PHASE2 | WITHDRAWN | Erlotinib in Combination With Temozolomide in Treating Relapsed/Recurrent/Refractory Pediatric Solid Tumors |
| NCT03095248 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Trial of Selumetinib in Patients With Neurofibromatosis Type II Related Tumors |
| NCT03155620 | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Targeted Therapy Directed by Genetic Testing in Treating Pediatric Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, or Histiocytic Disorders (The Pediatric MATCH Screening Trial) |
| NCT03173950 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Nivolumab in People With Recurrent Select Rare CNS Cancers |
| NCT03194906 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Memantine for Prevention of Cognitive Late Effects in Pediatric Patients Receiving Cranial Radiation Therapy for Localized Brain Tumors |
| NCT03210714 | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Erdafitinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With FGFR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial) |
| NCT03213652 | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Ensartinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With ALK or ROS1 Genomic Alterations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial) |
| NCT03213665 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Tazemetostat in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With EZH2, SMARCB1, or SMARCA4 Gene Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial) |
| NCT03213678 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Samotolisib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With TSC or PI3K/MTOR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial) |
Related Atlas pages
- Associated diseases: congenital stationary night blindness 1C, congenital stationary night blindness, TRPM1-related retinopathy
- Targeted by drugs: Zinc Ion
- Disease cohort memberships (association, not causation — diseases whose associated-gene cohort lists this gene; a subset are also under Associated diseases): congenital stationary night blindness, congenital stationary night blindness 1C, ependymoma, hereditary macular dystrophy, Huntington disease, night blindness