TST

Summary

TST (thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, HGNC:12388) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 22q12.3, encoding Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (Q16762). Formation of iron-sulfur complexes, cyanide detoxification or modification of sulfur-containing enzymes.

This is one of two neighboring genes encoding similar proteins that each contain two rhodanese domains. The encoded protein is localized to the mitochondria and catalyzes the conversion of thiosulfate and cyanide to thiocyanate and sulfite. In addition, the protein interacts with 5S ribosomal RNA and facilitates its import into the mitochondria. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 7263 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 53 total
• Druggable target: yes — 17 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
• MANE Select transcript: NM_003312

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:12388
Approved symbol	TST
Name	thiosulfate sulfurtransferase
Location	22q12.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	RDS
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000128311
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	180370
Entrez	7263

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 11 — 11 protein_coding

ENST00000249042, ENST00000403892, ENST00000438203, ENST00000622841, ENST00000864747, ENST00000864748, ENST00000864749, ENST00000864750, ENST00000864751, ENST00000864752, ENST00000864753

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_003312 NM_001270483, NM_003312

CCDS: CCDS13938

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000249042 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000880104	37018138	37018753
ENSE00001045113	37019400	37019447
ENSE00003844735	37010865	37011325

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 283 present calls, max score 99.54.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 17.2127 / max 278.4387, expressed in 1755 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
193987	17.2127	1755

Top tissues by expression

294 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	99.54	gold quality
colonic mucosa	UBERON:0000317	99.21	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	99.11	gold quality
mucosa of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0004993	99.10	gold quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	98.82	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	98.59	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	98.56	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	98.49	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	98.02	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	97.99	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	97.91	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	97.87	gold quality
nephron tubule	UBERON:0001231	97.82	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	97.69	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	97.53	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	96.91	gold quality
kidney epithelium	UBERON:0004819	96.90	gold quality
renal glomerulus	UBERON:0000074	96.62	gold quality
pancreatic ductal cell	CL:0002079	96.55	gold quality
metanephric glomerulus	UBERON:0004736	96.46	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	96.37	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	96.01	gold quality
epithelium of esophagus	UBERON:0001976	95.97	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	95.92	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	95.91	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	95.86	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	95.69	gold quality
squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006914	95.57	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	95.46	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	94.64	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 4 experiment(s), a significant marker in 3.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-125970	yes	16.22
E-MTAB-8410	yes	15.43
E-MTAB-7303	no	548.99
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): GLI1

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

6 targeting TST, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-548AN	99.97	70.91	2817
HSA-MIR-145-5P	99.92	71.13	1836
HSA-MIR-5195-3P	99.92	70.92	1877
HSA-MIR-199A-5P	99.51	69.71	1107
HSA-MIR-199B-5P	99.51	69.74	1098
HSA-MIR-6850-3P	88.96	69.27	33

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 7)

• The USP8 recognition domain of NRDP1 has a novel protein fold that interacts with a conserved peptide loop of the rhodanese domain. (PMID:17035239)
• Proteomics was used to study colonic epithelial aging, for differential proteins in the human normal colonic epithelial tissues from young and old people. Rack1, EF-Tu and Rhodanese, three validated differential proteins, were further investigated. (PMID:20099848)
• silencing of the rhodanese gene caused not only a proportional decrease of 5 S rRNA import but also a general inhibition of mitochondrial translation, indicating the functional importance of the imported 5 S rRNA inside the organelle. (PMID:20663881)
• Loss of Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase is associated with decreased mucosal sulfide detoxification capacity in patients with Crohn’s disease (PMID:23399736)
• show that polymorphic variations that are distant from the active site differentially modulate the sulfurtransferase activity of human rhodanese to cyanide versus sulfite (PMID:26269602)
• TST mRNA expression in adipose tissue correlated positively with insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue and negatively with fat mass. (PMID:27270587)
• Unraveling the role of thiosulfate sulfurtransferase in metabolic diseases. (PMID:32061776)

Cross-species orthologs

10 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	mpst	ENSDARG00000093235
mus_musculus	Tst	ENSMUSG00000044986
rattus_norvegicus	Tst	ENSRNOG00000000186
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00008409
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00010380
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00010383
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00011307
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00017387
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00022006
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00022007

Paralogs (1): MPST (ENSG00000128309)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase — Q16762 (reviewed: Q16762)

Alternative names: Rhodanese

All UniProt accessions (3): Q16762, A0A384NKQ2, B1AH48

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Formation of iron-sulfur complexes, cyanide detoxification or modification of sulfur-containing enzymes. Other thiol compounds, besides cyanide, can act as sulfur ion acceptors. Also has weak mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST) activity. Together with MRPL18, acts as a mitochondrial import factor for the cytosolic 5S rRNA. Only the nascent unfolded cytoplasmic form is able to bind to the 5S rRNA.

Subunit / interactions. Monomer.

Subcellular location. Mitochondrion matrix.

Domain organisation. Contains two rhodanese domains with different primary structures but with near identical secondary structure conformations suggesting a common evolutionary origin. Only the C-terminal rhodanese domain contains the catalytic cysteine residue.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001257412, NP_003303* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001307	Thiosulphate_STrfase_CS	Conserved_site
IPR001763	Rhodanese-like_dom	Domain
IPR036873	Rhodanese-like_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR045078	TST/MPST-like	Family

Pfam: PF00581

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• thiosulfate + hydrogen cyanide = thiocyanate + sulfite + 2 H(+) (RHEA:16881)

UniProt features (50 total): modified residue 13, helix 13, strand 10, turn 3, domain 2, sequence variant 2, binding site 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, glycosylation site 1, region of interest 1, active site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
8AGF	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.4

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q16762-F1	96.50	0.96

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 248 (cysteine persulfide intermediate)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (2): 187; 250

Post-translational modifications (13): 38, 136, 136, 163, 175, 175, 224, 224, 236, 237, 237, 14, 14

Glycosylation sites (1): 35

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

5 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-1614517	Sulfide oxidation to sulfate
R-HSA-1614558	Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-1614635	Sulfur amino acid metabolism
R-HSA-71291	Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives

MSigDB gene sets: 224 (showing top): GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, MULLIGHAN_NPM1_SIGNATURE_3_UP, YAGI_AML_WITH_INV_16_TRANSLOCATION, GNF2_GSTM1, ENK_UV_RESPONSE_KERATINOCYTE_UP, STARK_PREFRONTAL_CORTEX_22Q11_DELETION_DN, GNF2_HPN, ACEVEDO_NORMAL_TISSUE_ADJACENT_TO_LIVER_TUMOR_DN, DACOSTA_UV_RESPONSE_VIA_ERCC3_UP, THEILGAARD_NEUTROPHIL_AT_SKIN_WOUND_DN, SMITH_TERT_TARGETS_DN, CAIRO_HEPATOBLASTOMA_CLASSES_DN, GOBP_SULFUR_COMPOUND_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, HOSHIDA_LIVER_CANCER_SUBCLASS_S3, MODULE_285

GO Biological Process (5): sulfur amino acid catabolic process (GO:0000098), cyanate catabolic process (GO:0009440), epithelial cell differentiation (GO:0030855), rRNA import into mitochondrion (GO:0035928), rRNA transport (GO:0051029)

GO Molecular Function (6): thiosulfate-cyanide sulfurtransferase activity (GO:0004792), 5S rRNA binding (GO:0008097), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase activity (GO:0016784), RNA binding (GO:0003723), transferase activity (GO:0016740), sulfurtransferase activity (GO:0016783)

GO Cellular Component (3): obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), mitochondrion (GO:0005739), mitochondrial matrix (GO:0005759)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-4 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine	1
Sulfur amino acid metabolism	1
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives	1
Metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
sulfurtransferase activity	2
sulfur amino acid metabolic process	1
sulfur compound catabolic process	1
carboxylic acid catabolic process	1
catabolic process	1
cell differentiation	1
epithelium development	1
RNA import into mitochondrion	1
rRNA transport	1
RNA transport	1
rRNA binding	1
nucleic acid binding	1
catalytic activity	1
transferase activity, transferring sulphur-containing groups	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
mitochondrion	1
intracellular organelle lumen	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1208 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TST	MOCS3	O95396	942
TST	HSPD1	P10809	918
TST	SQOR	Q9Y6N5	812
TST	SUOX	P51687	811
TST	ETHE1	O95571	808
TST	HSPE1	P61604	789
TST	CTH	P32929	772
TST	ISCU	Q9H1K1	730
TST	MOCS2	O96007	720
TST	URM1	Q9BTM9	708
TST	P0DN79	P0DN79	682
TST	H7C2H4	H7C2H4	681
TST	TSTD1	Q8NFU3	655
TST	NFS1	Q9Y697	646
TST	LYRM4	Q9HD34	645

IntAct

30 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
groES	groEL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.980
CNOT3	CNOT1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.740
NDUFS3	NDUFS8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
PRELID3B	TRIAP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.710
groEL	TST	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
TST	PNMA2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
	TK2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
MRPL50	MRPL43	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PA	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HEATR3	TIMM44	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RER1	OSBPL8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
AZU1	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
DND1	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GAB2	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HMGCL	PDHX	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ITM2C	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MRPL49	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PEX7	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SMPD2	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SSBP2	TPD52L2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
VENTX	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLC18A3	ORC4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CEBPD	PTGES	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CLPP	NDUFA4	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
CFTR	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270
CDH5	MYO1C	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270

BioGRID (75): TST (Affinity Capture-MS), TST (Negative Genetic), TST (Negative Genetic), TST (Negative Genetic), TST (Negative Genetic), TST (Negative Genetic), TST (Negative Genetic), TST (Negative Genetic), TST (Positive Genetic), TST (Co-fractionation), BPHL (Co-fractionation), TST (Co-fractionation), TST (Co-fractionation), GSTK1 (Co-fractionation), TST (Co-fractionation)

ESM2 similar proteins: B1WC37, D3ZVR9, O35331, O46560, O95154, O95671, P00586, P08760, P10950, P11172, P24329, P25324, P25325, P33124, P46597, P46635, P50053, P52196, P97532, Q10SX6, Q15124, Q16762, Q28DS0, Q3TY86, Q5BJJ5, Q5I0K3, Q5R514, Q5RDZ0, Q5ZKW0, Q6W8P9, Q86V88, Q86WA6, Q8BZF8, Q8CG45, Q8CG76, Q8HZJ0, Q8JGT5, Q8K183, Q8N0X4, Q8NHP1

Diamond homologs: A0R4C9, D4GYM0, P00586, P16385, P24329, P25324, P46635, P46700, P52196, P52197, P59989, P71121, P78067, P9WHF6, P9WHF7, P9WHF8, P9WHF9, Q10215, Q16762, Q50036, Q72JV2, Q7TWT6, Q7TX80, Q9RXT9, O17730, O64530, P25325, P31142, P58388, P97532, Q08686, Q24JL3, Q99J99, Q9I452, Q9USJ1, P27477, P91247, O26719, P9WHF4, P9WHF5

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

53 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	46
Likely benign	3
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

795 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
22:37018133:CCTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
22:37018134:CTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
22:37018136:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
22:37018136:A:T	donor_loss	1.0000
22:37018137:C:A	donor_loss	1.0000
22:37018137:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
22:37018137:CCTA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
22:37018140:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
22:37018141:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
22:37018771:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:37018772:A:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:37019398:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
22:37019399:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
22:37011322:AGTCC:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
22:37011324:TCCTG:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
22:37011326:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9900
22:37011326:CT:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
22:37011327:T:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
22:37018179:TGAG:T	donor_gain	0.9900
22:37018771:C:T	acceptor_gain	0.9900
22:37019399:CT:C	donor_gain	0.9900
22:37019399:CTCG:C	donor_gain	0.9900
22:37011321:CAGTC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9800
22:37011331:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.9800
22:37018137:CCT:C	donor_gain	0.9800
22:37018763:G:GC	acceptor_gain	0.9800
22:37019333:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9800
22:37019334:C:A	donor_gain	0.9800
22:37019398:ACTCG:A	donor_gain	0.9800
22:37019399:CTCGC:C	donor_gain	0.9800

AlphaMissense

1908 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
22:37018185:C:A	R183M	0.997
22:37011156:G:C	C255W	0.995
22:37011157:C:T	C255Y	0.993
22:37018192:C:G	D181H	0.993
22:37011086:A:G	W279R	0.992
22:37011086:A:T	W279R	0.992
22:37011095:A:G	W276R	0.992
22:37011095:A:T	W276R	0.992
22:37018169:G:C	F188L	0.992
22:37018169:G:T	F188L	0.992
22:37018171:A:G	F188L	0.992
22:37018333:A:G	W134R	0.992
22:37018333:A:T	W134R	0.992
22:37018353:A:T	L127H	0.992
22:37018393:A:G	W114R	0.992
22:37018393:A:T	W114R	0.992
22:37018579:G:C	H52D	0.992
22:37018185:C:G	R183T	0.991
22:37018396:A:G	W113R	0.991
22:37018396:A:T	W113R	0.991
22:37018490:G:C	F81L	0.991
22:37018490:G:T	F81L	0.991
22:37018491:A:G	F81S	0.991
22:37018492:A:G	F81L	0.991
22:37011093:C:A	W276C	0.989
22:37011093:C:G	W276C	0.989
22:37018184:C:A	R183S	0.989
22:37018184:C:G	R183S	0.989
22:37018191:T:G	D181A	0.989
22:37018274:G:C	F153L	0.989

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000403867 (22:37019800 T>C), RS1000450703 (22:37015289 A>G,T), RS1000490589 (22:37021533 C>T), RS1000506398 (22:37014804 C>A), RS1000606089 (22:37021181 T>C,G), RS1000783141 (22:37015935 CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT>C,CTT,CTTT,CTTTT,CTTTTT,CTTTTTT,CTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,CTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT), RS1000816046 (22:37010458 G>A), RS1000878589 (22:37015010 C>G,T), RS1001338224 (22:37021524 G>A), RS1001489046 (22:37013304 A>G), RS1001675143 (22:37018682 C>G,T), RS1001727849 (22:37010694 C>G,T), RS1002392579 (22:37015434 A>G), RS1002730722 (22:37011958 T>C), RS1002763317 (22:37011689 A>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:180370 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST003043_79	Inflammatory bowel disease	1.000000e-08
GCST003044_88	Crohn’s disease	9.000000e-09

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL4295835 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

17 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 909,211 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL1200712	EVANS BLUE	4	24,260
CHEMBL1534	RIBOFLAVIN	4	136,163
CHEMBL1536	ERGOCALCIFEROL	4	35,524
CHEMBL38	TRETINOIN	4	194,008
CHEMBL3989697	RIBOFLAVIN 5’-PHOSPHATE SODIUM	4	53
CHEMBL496	HEXACHLOROPHENE	4	26,164
CHEMBL506	PRIMAQUINE	4	10,279
CHEMBL506247	TANNIC ACID	4	25,753
CHEMBL550495	METHYLENE BLUE	4	563
CHEMBL590	MENADIONE	4	21,034
CHEMBL64894	GENTIAN VIOLET	4	111,449
CHEMBL704	MESALAMINE	4	52,574
CHEMBL140	CURCUMIN	3	93,882
CHEMBL297453	EPIGALOCATECHIN GALLATE	3	22,804
CHEMBL15192	LAPACHONE	2	589
CHEMBL284328	HOMIDIUM BROMIDE	2	147,818
CHEMBL295316	PLUMBAGIN	1	6,294

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

18 potent at pChembl≥5 of 31 total, top 18 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
7.40	Kd	39.84	nM	CHEMBL5653589
7.40	ED50	39.84	nM	CHEMBL5653589
7.22	IC50	60	nM	PLUMBAGIN
6.92	IC50	120	nM	LAPACHONE
6.55	IC50	280	nM	MESALAMINE
6.48	IC50	330	nM	GOSSYPETIN
6.42	IC50	380	nM	RIBOFLAVIN 5’-PHOSPHATE SODIUM
6.08	IC50	830	nM	HOMIDIUM BROMIDE
6.00	IC50	1000	nM	MENADIONE
5.64	IC50	2300	nM	PURPURIN
5.54	IC50	2900	nM	PRIMAQUINE
5.21	IC50	6100	nM	METHYLENE BLUE
5.14	IC50	7300	nM	EPIGALOCATECHIN GALLATE
5.07	IC50	8500	nM	CHEMBL4448756
5.06	IC50	8800	nM	RIBOFLAVIN
5.06	IC50	8700	nM	EVANS BLUE
5.04	IC50	9200	nM	CHEMBL5483017
5.01	IC50	9700	nM	HARMALOL

PubChem BioAssay actives

17 with measured affinity, of 144 total; 17 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide	2149666: Binding affinity to human TST incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	kd	0.0398	uM
5-hydroxy-2-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	0.0600	uM
2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrobenzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	0.1200	uM
mesalamine	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	0.2800	uM
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7,8-tetrahydroxychromen-4-one	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	0.3300	uM
riboflavin 5’-phosphate sodium anhydrous	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	0.3800	uM
5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridin-5-ium-3,8-diamine bromide	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	0.8300	uM
Menadione	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	1.0000	uM
1,2,4-trihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	2.3000	uM
Primaquine	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	2.9000	uM
[7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-3-ylidene]-dimethylazanium;chloride;trihydrate	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	6.1000	uM
[(2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	7.3000	uM
tetrasodium;4-amino-6-[[4-[4-[[8-amino-5,7-bis[dihydroxy(oxido)-lambda4-sulfanyl]-1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl]diazenyl]-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]diazenyl]-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	8.5000	uM
tetrasodium;4-amino-6-[[4-[4-[(8-amino-1-hydroxy-5,7-disulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]-3-methylphenyl]-2-methylphenyl]diazenyl]-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	8.7000	uM
Riboflavin	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	8.8000	uM
disodium;2-(2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-3-oxido-6-oxoxanthen-9-yl)benzoate;hydrate	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	9.2000	uM
1-methyl-4,9-dihydro-3H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol	1594135: Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	ic50	9.7000	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

85 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	decreases expression, increases expression	3
sodium arsenite	increases expression, decreases expression	3
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	3
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	2
bisphenol S	increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Acetaminophen	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Air Pollutants	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases oxidation, decreases expression	2
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression, affects expression	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
GSK-J4	decreases expression	1
bisphenol F	increases expression	1
bismuth tripotassium dicitrate	increases expression	1
methyleugenol	decreases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
alpha-pinene	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
lead acetate	decreases expression	1
trichostatin A	affects expression	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	decreases expression	1
nickel chloride	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	increases expression	1
benzo(e)pyrene	increases methylation	1
ferrous chloride	decreases expression	1
cupric chloride	decreases expression	1
methacrylaldehyde	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine	decreases expression	1
2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	increases expression	1
S 1 (combination)	increases response to substance	1

ChEMBL screening assays

5 unique, capped per target: 4 binding, 1 admet

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL4157379	Binding	Inhibition of refolded rhodanese (unknown origin) preincubated with Escherichia coli GroEL/GroES for 60 mins by measuring MDH enzyme activity using sodium mesoxalate as substrate after 20 to 40 mins by spectrometric analysis	Sulfonamido-2-arylbenzoxazole GroEL/ES Inhibitors as Potent Antibacterials against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). — J Med Chem
CHEMBL4392929	ADMET	Inhibition of native rhodanese (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in rhodanese enzyme activity after 45 mins by Fe(SCN)3 dye based spectrometric analysis	HSP60/10 chaperonin systems are inhibited by a variety of approved drugs, natural products, and known bioactive molecules. — Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Cellosaurus cell lines

5 cell lines: 5 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_D8XV	Ubigene HCT 116 TST KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_E2MT	HAP1 TST (-) 1	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_E2MU	HAP1 TST (-) 2	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_E2MV	HAP1 TST (-) 3	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_E2MW	HAP1 TST (-) 4	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.