TSTD2

Summary

TSTD2 (thiosulfate sulfurtransferase like domain containing 2, HGNC:30087) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 9q22.33, encoding Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase/rhodanese-like domain-containing protein 2 (Q5T7W7).

Predicted to enable transferase activity.

Source: NCBI Gene 158427 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 101 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_139246

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:30087
Approved symbol	TSTD2
Name	thiosulfate sulfurtransferase like domain containing 2
Location	9q22.33
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	PP4189
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000136925
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
Entrez	158427

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 11 — 6 protein_coding, 2 retained_intron, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000341170, ENST00000375163, ENST00000375165, ENST00000375172, ENST00000375173, ENST00000484708, ENST00000900288, ENST00000900289, ENST00000900290, ENST00000937469, ENST00000950841

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_139246 NM_139246

CCDS: CCDS6727

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000341170 — 10 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001520907	97600080	97602767
ENSE00001853295	97633243	97633368
ENSE00003523447	97617757	97617877
ENSE00003541966	97625681	97625997
ENSE00003564067	97627398	97627612
ENSE00003685842	97611574	97611699
ENSE00003709250	97604727	97604865
ENSE00003709698	97610346	97610451
ENSE00003710096	97606143	97606261
ENSE00003711402	97605483	97605641

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 289 present calls, max score 98.94.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 12.3039 / max 234.2335, expressed in 1777 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
101625	7.1416	1713
101624	3.5818	1445
101623	0.8691	558
101626	0.3558	142
101622	0.3556	154

Top tissues by expression

295 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	98.94	gold quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	97.90	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	90.77	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	90.09	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	89.45	gold quality
heart right ventricle	UBERON:0002080	89.26	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	89.09	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	88.50	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	87.76	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	87.71	silver quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	87.68	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	87.62	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	87.61	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	87.52	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	87.35	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	87.13	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	87.09	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	86.88	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	86.77	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	86.71	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	86.68	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	86.58	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	86.50	gold quality
tibialis anterior	UBERON:0001385	86.44	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	86.39	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	86.33	gold quality
male germ cell	CL:0000015	86.15	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	86.15	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	86.15	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	86.12	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	6.36

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

127 targeting TSTD2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4713-3P	100.00	65.92	505
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P	100.00	69.33	1837
HSA-MIR-5692B	100.00	71.32	2622
HSA-MIR-5692C	100.00	71.32	2622
HSA-MIR-32-5P	99.98	75.21	1964
HSA-MIR-92A-3P	99.98	75.21	1960
HSA-MIR-92B-3P	99.98	75.25	1955
HSA-MIR-25-3P	99.98	74.60	1817
HSA-MIR-363-3P	99.98	74.72	1821
HSA-MIR-367-3P	99.98	74.83	1819
HSA-MIR-548AA	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-548AP-3P	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-548T-3P	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-570-3P	99.96	72.41	4910
HSA-MIR-128-3P	99.95	71.17	2484
HSA-MIR-216A-3P	99.95	71.19	2505
HSA-MIR-545-3P	99.95	70.74	2783
HSA-MIR-9718	99.94	68.91	918
HSA-MIR-4648	99.91	67.00	710
HSA-MIR-4731-5P	99.89	67.23	2537
HSA-MIR-8062	99.88	68.43	995
HSA-MIR-3681-3P	99.88	70.46	2254
HSA-MIR-548D-3P	99.87	70.67	4362
HSA-MIR-548BB-3P	99.86	70.58	4354
HSA-MIR-548AR-3P	99.85	71.26	3889
HSA-MIR-548AC	99.84	70.77	4351
HSA-MIR-548H-3P	99.84	70.80	4349
HSA-MIR-548Z	99.84	70.80	4349
HSA-MIR-544A	99.84	68.66	1965
HSA-MIR-548AZ-3P	99.82	70.56	3549

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio		ENSDARG00000098660
mus_musculus	Tstd2	ENSMUSG00000035495
rattus_norvegicus	Tstd2	ENSRNOG00000009724

Protein

Protein identifiers

Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase/rhodanese-like domain-containing protein 2 — Q5T7W7 (reviewed: Q5T7W7)

Alternative names: Rhodanese domain-containing protein 2

All UniProt accessions (3): Q5T7W7, A0A1Y8ELM0, Q5T7X0

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q5T7W7-1	1	yes
Q5T7W7-2	2

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_640339* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001763	Rhodanese-like_dom	Domain
IPR020936	TrhO	Family
IPR022111	Rhodanese_C	Domain
IPR036873	Rhodanese-like_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR040503	TRHO_N	Domain
IPR057944	TSTD2_N	Domain

Pfam: PF00581, PF12368, PF17773, PF23949

UniProt features (15 total): splice variant 4, sequence conflict 3, sequence variant 2, chain 1, domain 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1, active site 1, modified residue 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q5T7W7-F1	81.25	0.60

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 355 (cysteine persulfide intermediate)

Post-translational modifications (1): 269

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 81 (showing top): chr9q22, BENPORATH_OCT4_TARGETS, SCGGAAGY_ELK1_02, DAVICIONI_MOLECULAR_ARMS_VS_ERMS_UP, GSE5503_PLN_DC_VS_SPLEEN_DC_ACTIVATED_ALLOGENIC_TCELL_DN, CEBPZ_TARGET_GENES, SNIP1_TARGET_GENES, SUPT16H_TARGET_GENES, UBN1_TARGET_GENES, ZNF322_TARGET_GENES, E2F1_Q6_01, ZSCAN30_TARGET_GENES, MIR548AR_3P, MIR548AA_MIR548AP_3P_MIR548T_3P, MIR548F_3P

GO Biological Process (0):

GO Molecular Function (1): protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (0):

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
binding	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

416 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TSTD2	ZNF782	Q6ZMW2	522
TSTD2	SUGCT	Q9HAC7	505
TSTD2	EFCAB14	O75071	448
TSTD2	ZNF770	Q6IQ21	443
TSTD2	SMG7	Q92540	431
TSTD2	TRMO	Q9BU70	417
TSTD2	ZNF544	Q6NX49	400
TSTD2	PTCHD4	Q6ZW05	399
TSTD2	PSKH1	P11801	398
TSTD2	FAM124B	Q9H5Z6	395
TSTD2	TBC1D13	Q9NVG8	392
TSTD2	AKR1E2	Q96JD6	370
TSTD2	XPA	P23025	370
TSTD2	NOL8	Q76FK4	358
TSTD2	IBA57	Q5T440	352

IntAct

109 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
TSTD2	IKZF3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.850
IKZF3	TSTD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.850
TSTD2	VPS52	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
CFTR	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.710
REL	TSTD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TSTD2	REL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TSTD2	SSX2IP	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TSTD2	L3MBTL3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TSTD2		psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TSTD2	KIAA1328	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560

BioGRID (48): TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Affinity Capture-MS), IKZF3 (Two-hybrid), L3MBTL3 (Two-hybrid), SSX2IP (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), TSTD2 (Two-hybrid), ZFPL1 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A140LI67, A0JPF9, A0JPN4, A5PK16, A7E316, D2H8V8, D2HNY3, D4A7V9, E9Q349, P35689, P41002, P51944, Q3U269, Q3U3D7, Q3U5Q7, Q400C9, Q400G9, Q4KLY6, Q5BKC6, Q5NC05, Q5NVA9, Q5QJC2, Q5QJC3, Q5R6Z9, Q5RCP1, Q5RGE5, Q5T7W7, Q5XIX3, Q5ZJW8, Q60953, Q64LD2, Q68DX3, Q69ZT1, Q6R3M4, Q7TSG2, Q8BGE5, Q8BJW7, Q8BK58, Q8BMI4, Q8BVF9

Diamond homologs: A0AII6, A0K0C0, A0RCP2, A2RKR4, A3CLI1, A4QI35, A4VTD4, A4VZL1, A5IWB6, A6U574, A7GNS3, A7X781, A7Z0Z7, A8AVI2, A8F9I7, A9NHA2, A9VQI6, A9WTE8, B0B8K2, B0BA81, B1I7Z3, B1VHR9, B2GKC1, B2IRH1, B5E5X4, B7HIR1, B7HMP7, B7IS63, B7JJJ3, B8DFU3, B8HFS1, B8ZJY0, B9DJ55, B9DUQ2, B9IX93, C0ZZW0, C1ASR0, C1C9Z1, C1CBR1, C1CHZ8

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

101 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	81
Likely benign	5
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1580 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
9:97604784:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
9:97604862:CTCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97604864:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97604865:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605637:CGTCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605638:GTCC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605639:TCC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605639:TCCC:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:97605640:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605640:CCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605641:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605642:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605643:T:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:97605648:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605649:A:AC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97605649:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97606141:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
9:97606142:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
9:97610457:CAA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97611568:TCTTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:97611569:CTTAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:97611570:TTAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:97611571:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:97611573:CCTTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:97611713:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97611714:G:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97611715:G:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:97627483:T:C	donor_gain	1.0000
9:97602764:CACT:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
9:97604866:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

3424 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
9:97604770:A:C	F403L	0.999
9:97604770:A:T	F403L	0.999
9:97604772:A:G	F403L	0.999
9:97606152:T:A	E315D	0.999
9:97606152:T:G	E315D	0.999
9:97606165:C:A	R311I	0.999
9:97606165:C:G	R311T	0.999
9:97605531:A:C	C355W	0.998
9:97605600:G:C	F332L	0.998
9:97605600:G:T	F332L	0.998
9:97605602:A:G	F332L	0.998
9:97606161:G:C	N312K	0.998
9:97606161:G:T	N312K	0.998
9:97606153:T:A	E315V	0.997
9:97606164:T:A	R311S	0.997
9:97606164:T:G	R311S	0.997
9:97617761:C:T	G200D	0.997
9:97605532:C:T	C355Y	0.996
9:97605634:A:G	F321S	0.996
9:97611665:A:T	V213D	0.996
9:97611671:C:T	G211E	0.996
9:97611680:C:T	G208E	0.996
9:97602710:C:G	C437S	0.995
9:97602711:A:G	C437R	0.995
9:97602711:A:T	C437S	0.995
9:97602726:A:G	C432R	0.995
9:97605493:A:G	L368P	0.995
9:97605533:A:G	C355R	0.995
9:97605640:C:T	G319E	0.995
9:97610425:A:C	F252L	0.995

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000010341 (9:97624467 C>G), RS1000047500 (9:97632026 A>C,G), RS1000211480 (9:97601814 G>C), RS1000213397 (9:97606675 C>G), RS1000242650 (9:97601707 T>C), RS1000246130 (9:97606091 G>A,T), RS1000436120 (9:97607550 A>T), RS1000481249 (9:97632212 C>G), RS1000567725 (9:97605412 C>T), RS1000601603 (9:97600351 A>G), RS1000634423 (9:97606985 C>T), RS1000670845 (9:97620753 G>C), RS1000862190 (9:97607194 G>C), RS1000963172 (9:97618155 C>T), RS1000969222 (9:97632982 GT>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene `` | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000640_1	Thyroid cancer (Papillary, radiation-related)	5.000000e-12

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

30 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases expression	4
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression	2
Cyclosporine	increases expression	2
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
alpha-pinene	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	increases expression	1
methacrylaldehyde	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
tebuconazole	decreases expression	1
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid	increases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
bisphenol S	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Sunitinib	increases expression	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Acrolein	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
Air Pollutants	increases oxidation, affects cotreatment, increases abundance	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1
Endosulfan	decreases expression	1
Indomethacin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Ozone	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
Plant Extracts	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Tretinoin	decreases expression	1
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation	1
Antirheumatic Agents	increases expression	1
Volatile Organic Compounds	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation	1
Magnetite Nanoparticles	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.