TTLL10

Summary

TTLL10 (tubulin tyrosine ligase like 10, HGNC:26693) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1p36.33, encoding Inactive polyglycylase TTLL10 (Q6ZVT0). Inactive polyglycylase.

Predicted to enable protein-glycine ligase activity, elongating. Predicted to be involved in protein polyglycylation. Predicted to be located in axoneme and microtubule cytoskeleton.

Source: NCBI Gene 254173 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 189 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001130045

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:26693
Approved symbol	TTLL10
Name	tubulin tyrosine ligase like 10
Location	1p36.33
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	FLJ36119
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000162571
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
Entrez	254173

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 15 — 11 protein_coding, 2 retained_intron, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000379288, ENST00000379289, ENST00000379290, ENST00000460998, ENST00000486379, ENST00000506177, ENST00000514695, ENST00000673999, ENST00000884039, ENST00000884040, ENST00000884041, ENST00000884042, ENST00000966235, ENST00000966236, ENST00000966237

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_001130045 NM_001130045, NM_001371649, NM_153254

CCDS: CCDS44036, CCDS8

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000379289 — 16 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001066411	1180483	1180601
ENSE00001066412	1180731	1180860
ENSE00001209659	1183920	1184091
ENSE00001480387	1174285	1174321
ENSE00001480388	1173880	1173926
ENSE00001480405	1184969	1185109
ENSE00001480465	1174424	1174489
ENSE00001708250	1179657	1179737
ENSE00002321912	1179189	1179333
ENSE00003486642	1180034	1180340
ENSE00003539251	1181741	1181815
ENSE00003545721	1182876	1183047
ENSE00003628330	1182361	1182446
ENSE00003631234	1196600	1196716
ENSE00003687990	1197093	1197186
ENSE00003897383	1197438	1197936

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 146 present calls, max score 95.24.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.1110 / max 82.0975, expressed in 19 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
140702	15.2091	1793
72	0.0522	3
69	0.0269	11
70	0.0175	6
71	0.0143	3

Top tissues by expression

249 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	95.24	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	91.64	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	91.56	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	90.92	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	87.89	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	83.95	gold quality
bronchial epithelial cell	CL:0002328	82.47	gold quality
bronchus	UBERON:0002185	81.19	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	80.89	silver quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	78.86	gold quality
germinal epithelium of ovary	UBERON:0001304	77.25	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	73.96	gold quality
mucosa of paranasal sinus	UBERON:0005030	72.18	gold quality
nasal cavity epithelium	UBERON:0005384	72.13	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	71.45	gold quality
superficial temporal artery	UBERON:0001614	71.04	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	71.01	gold quality
nasal cavity mucosa	UBERON:0001826	69.33	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	68.67	gold quality
gingiva	UBERON:0001828	67.90	gold quality
fallopian tube	UBERON:0003889	67.72	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	66.66	gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atrium	UBERON:0003379	66.60	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	66.59	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	66.56	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	66.32	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	66.14	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	65.36	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	65.24	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	64.98	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	8.37

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

17 targeting TTLL10, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6740-5P	100.00	65.64	932
HSA-MIR-6748-5P	100.00	65.81	1057
HSA-MIR-3202	99.66	67.70	2737
HSA-MIR-6762-3P	99.66	66.94	1188
HSA-MIR-3122	99.50	66.33	821
HSA-MIR-4717-3P	99.06	66.34	1072
HSA-MIR-887-5P	98.82	65.90	1347
HSA-MIR-4763-5P	98.75	63.89	854
HSA-MIR-218-1-3P	98.63	67.97	832
HSA-MIR-12120	98.05	68.44	1768
HSA-MIR-4446-3P	97.91	64.29	991
HSA-MIR-30C-1-3P	97.80	66.36	1499
HSA-MIR-30C-2-3P	97.80	66.45	1499
HSA-MIR-6788-5P	97.80	66.41	1532
HSA-MIR-7847-3P	96.63	64.58	952
HSA-MIR-1291	96.28	65.89	1224
HSA-MIR-6851-3P	95.73	65.11	688

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	ttll10	ENSDARG00000090472
mus_musculus	Ttll10	ENSMUSG00000029074
rattus_norvegicus	Ttll10	ENSRNOG00000020132

Paralogs (12): TTLL1 (ENSG00000100271), TTLL12 (ENSG00000100304), TTLL2 (ENSG00000120440), TTLL9 (ENSG00000131044), TTLL4 (ENSG00000135912), TTLL7 (ENSG00000137941), TTLL8 (ENSG00000138892), TTLL6 (ENSG00000170703), TTLL11 (ENSG00000175764), KPRP (ENSG00000203786), TTLL13 (ENSG00000213471), TTLL3 (ENSG00000214021)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Inactive polyglycylase TTLL10 — Q6ZVT0 (reviewed: Q6ZVT0)

Alternative names: Tubulin–tyrosine ligase-like protein 10

All UniProt accessions (3): A0A669K9N4, Q6ZVT0, J3QRK8

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Inactive polyglycylase.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q6ZVT0-1	1	yes
Q6ZVT0-2	2
Q6ZVT0-3	3

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001123517, NP_001358578, NP_694986 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR004344	TTL/TTLL_fam	Family
IPR027752	TTLL10	Family

Pfam: PF03133

UniProt features (23 total): compositionally biased region 5, sequence variant 4, binding site 3, splice variant 3, mutagenesis site 2, region of interest 2, sequence conflict 2, chain 1, domain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q6ZVT0-F1	70.78	0.51

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (3): 375; 377; 362–365

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (2):

Position	Phenotype
448	recovers polyglycylase activity; when associated with t-467.
467	recovers polyglycylase activity; when associated with n-448.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-8955332	Carboxyterminal post-translational modifications of tubulin

MSigDB gene sets: 210 (showing top): MORF_MSH3, MORF_BRCA1, MORF_ATRX, GOBP_MALE_GAMETE_GENERATION, GOCC_MICROTUBULE_ORGANIZING_CENTER, PAX2_01, chr14q24, GOBP_CILIUM_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_CILIUM_MOVEMENT, GOCC_CENTROSOME, GOBP_CILIUM_OR_FLAGELLUM_DEPENDENT_CELL_MOTILITY, GOBP_ORGANELLE_ASSEMBLY, GOBP_CELLULAR_PROCESS_INVOLVED_IN_REPRODUCTION_IN_MULTICELLULAR_ORGANISM, GGCAGTG_MIR3243P, GOBP_PEPTIDYL_GLUTAMIC_ACID_MODIFICATION

GO Biological Process (1): protein modification process (GO:0036211)

GO Molecular Function (4): ATP binding (GO:0005524), protein-glycine ligase activity (GO:0070735), nucleotide binding (GO:0000166), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (2): cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Post-translational protein modification	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	2
protein metabolic process	1
macromolecule modification	1
adenyl ribonucleotide binding	1
purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding	1
acid-amino acid ligase activity	1
catalytic activity, acting on a protein	1
nucleoside phosphate binding	1
heterocyclic compound binding	1
binding	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

638 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
TTLL10	TSC22D3	Q99576	713
TTLL10	CCDC138	Q96M89	566
TTLL10	TTLL12	Q14166	547
TTLL10	AGBL5	Q8NDL9	544
TTLL10	CFAP418	Q96NL8	523
TTLL10	POC1B	Q8TC44	518
TTLL10	TTLL4	Q14679	515
TTLL10	RPGR	Q92834	506
TTLL10	NCOA2	Q15596	504
TTLL10	CEP78	Q5JTW2	488
TTLL10	IFT27	Q9BW83	485
TTLL10	RAB28	P51157	482
TTLL10	SVBP	Q8N300	482
TTLL10	RAX2	Q96IS3	480
TTLL10	DRC7	Q8IY82	478

IntAct

36 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
NAP1L1	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.600
TTLL10	NAP1L1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.600
TTLL10	NAP1L1	psi-mi:“MI:0414”(enzymatic reaction)	0.600
CADPS	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TRIM27	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FHL3	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TTLL10	TRIP6	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TTLL10	KRT40	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TTLL10	CEP70	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RBPMS	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TTLL10	MDFI	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TTLL10	THAP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TTLL10	PNMA2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TTLL10	FHL3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TRIP6	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
KRT40	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
MDFI	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PNMA2	TTLL10	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TTLL10	TRIM27	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560

BioGRID (19): TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid), TTLL10 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2AKB4, A2RRU4, A4Q9F3, A4Q9F4, A5PJX4, A6NNM8, A8CVX7, D4A6L0, E1BBQ2, F1M5F3, O02695, O35141, P49796, P49797, P51509, P52734, P56182, P59644, P80560, P97260, P98174, Q12770, Q14679, Q15735, Q2KHI9, Q4R7H0, Q5EBH1, Q5MNU5, Q5SYB0, Q5T848, Q5XI57, Q6GQT6, Q6ZVT0, Q70EL4, Q80TE3, Q80UG8, Q8BUM9, Q8C419, Q8C4S8, Q8CDF7

Diamond homologs: A4Q9F3, Q4R7H0, Q5XI57, Q6ZVT0, A2APC3, Q3SXZ7, Q564U4, Q5R978, Q641W7, Q6EEF3, Q6EMB2, Q8CHB8, A4Q9E4, A4Q9E8, A4Q9F6, A6NNM8, A8CVX7, A8X9V4, B2GUB3, E9P886, F7E540, H2KZM9, O95922, P0CAZ0, P0CAZ1, Q09647, Q0VC71, Q14166, Q14679, Q1ECV4, Q23AS2, Q23K29, Q23MT7, Q23SI8, Q23TC2, Q3SZH6, Q3UDE2, Q5PPI9, Q80UG8, Q8N841

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

189 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	150
Likely benign	19
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

3108 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
1:1180582:C:G	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1180598:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1180598:G:T	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1180599:A:T	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1182351:T:TA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182356:TGCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:1182357:GCAG:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:1182358:CAGGG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:1182359:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182359:A:AT	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:1182359:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182360:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182360:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182360:GGGT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182360:GGGTC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182491:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1182492:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1182874:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182875:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182875:GA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1182989:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1183045:GAG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1184087:ACCAG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1184092:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1184092:GT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1184093:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1184967:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1184968:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1185107:AAGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1185110:GTGC:G	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4395 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
1:1180556:T:A	W194R	0.998
1:1180556:T:C	W194R	0.998
1:1196691:A:C	D498A	0.998
1:1196691:A:T	D498V	0.998
1:1197106:A:T	E511V	0.998
1:1182917:G:C	G320R	0.997
1:1182918:G:T	G320V	0.997
1:1196672:T:C	F492L	0.997
1:1196674:T:A	F492L	0.997
1:1196674:T:G	F492L	0.997
1:1196692:C:A	D498E	0.997
1:1196692:C:G	D498E	0.997
1:1180511:T:A	W179R	0.996
1:1180511:T:C	W179R	0.996
1:1182917:G:T	G320C	0.996
1:1182918:G:A	G320D	0.996
1:1196691:A:G	D498G	0.996
1:1182898:G:C	K313N	0.995
1:1182898:G:T	K313N	0.995
1:1182927:T:C	I323T	0.995
1:1183957:T:C	F376L	0.995
1:1183959:T:A	F376L	0.995
1:1183959:T:G	F376L	0.995
1:1197113:T:A	N513K	0.995
1:1197113:T:G	N513K	0.995
1:1180558:G:C	W194C	0.994
1:1180558:G:T	W194C	0.994
1:1180779:A:T	K225M	0.994
1:1182380:T:C	F284L	0.994
1:1182382:T:A	F284L	0.994

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000034101 (1:1178288 A>G), RS1000132549 (1:1179978 C>T), RS1000228326 (1:1185198 G>A), RS1000283500 (1:1190190 C>A,T), RS1000321863 (1:1177286 G>A), RS1000346850 (1:1189981 G>A), RS1000491954 (1:1175302 G>A), RS1000625139 (1:1184208 G>A), RS1000630668 (1:1188992 T>C), RS1000693245 (1:1185086 G>T), RS1000713097 (1:1174585 C>T), RS1001169334 (1:1185855 C>T), RS1001177295 (1:1192681 G>A), RS1001228786 (1:1174470 C>T), RS1001238593 (1:1193749 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene `` | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

15 total (human), top 15 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)	increases expression	1
bisphenol A	increases methylation	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases methylation	1
Diethylhexyl Phthalate	decreases expression	1
Folic Acid	increases expression	1
Plant Extracts	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Smoke	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	1
Triclosan	increases expression	1
Valproic Acid	increases methylation	1
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.