TXLNA

gene
On this page

Also known as DKFZp451J0118IL-14IL14

Summary

TXLNA (taxilin alpha, HGNC:30685) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1p35.2, encoding Alpha-taxilin (P40222). May be involved in intracellular vesicle traffic and potentially in calcium-dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells.

Predicted to enable syntaxin binding activity. Predicted to be involved in exocytosis. Predicted to act upstream of or within B cell activation. Located in cytoplasm.

Source: NCBI Gene 200081 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 86 total
  • Druggable target: yes
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_175852

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:30685
Approved symbolTXLNA
Nametaxilin alpha
Location1p35.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesDKFZp451J0118, IL-14, IL14
Ensembl geneENSG00000084652
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM608676
Entrez200081

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 15 — 15 protein_coding

ENST00000373609, ENST00000373610, ENST00000867264, ENST00000867265, ENST00000867266, ENST00000867267, ENST00000867268, ENST00000867269, ENST00000867270, ENST00000867271, ENST00000932072, ENST00000932073, ENST00000932074, ENST00000962758, ENST00000962759

RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_175852 NM_001376857, NM_001376858, NM_001376859, NM_175852

CCDS: CCDS353

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000373610 — 11 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000005421053219265732192731
ENSE000007635483219320832193300
ENSE000007635703219406532194160
ENSE000008254303218795432188124
ENSE000011702503219005532190249
ENSE000011702623218452532184616
ENSE000011702693218124232181577
ENSE000012460563217967532179776
ENSE000014610223219490232198285
ENSE000016647333219231132192430
ENSE000020513263218031432180514

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 266 present calls, max score 92.57.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 57.9913 / max 4234.9505, expressed in 1824 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
195419.82191773
194917.04641800
195115.86881806
19483.60281640
19501.1670817
19520.4844241

Top tissues by expression

287 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225592.57gold quality
tendon of biceps brachiiUBERON:000818892.11gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123391.67gold quality
left adrenal glandUBERON:000123491.57gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582791.52gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layerUBERON:003583391.43gold quality
lower esophagusUBERON:001347391.41gold quality
body of uterusUBERON:000985391.36gold quality
left adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582591.32gold quality
right coronary arteryUBERON:000162591.25gold quality
left uterine tubeUBERON:000130391.14gold quality
adenohypophysisUBERON:000219690.95gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propriaUBERON:003584190.80gold quality
right lobe of liverUBERON:000111490.78gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000690.77gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colonUBERON:003580590.75gold quality
adrenal glandUBERON:000236990.72gold quality
adrenal cortexUBERON:000123590.71gold quality
descending thoracic aortaUBERON:000234590.69gold quality
thoracic aortaUBERON:000151590.57gold quality
ascending aortaUBERON:000149690.52gold quality
esophagusUBERON:000104389.96gold quality
pituitary glandUBERON:000000789.87gold quality
aortaUBERON:000094789.82gold quality
right lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000111989.82gold quality
right ovaryUBERON:000211889.71gold quality
endocervixUBERON:000045889.59gold quality
apex of heartUBERON:000209889.39gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499189.36gold quality
popliteal arteryUBERON:000225089.35gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3no0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

177 targeting TXLNA, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3613-3P100.0076.367965
HSA-MIR-4692100.0067.322066
HSA-MIR-4673100.0066.641490
HSA-MIR-4481100.0066.421669
HSA-MIR-450099.9972.722367
HSA-MIR-196A-1-3P99.9972.152772
HSA-MIR-451499.9967.101870
HSA-MIR-548AW99.9972.573559
HSA-MIR-19A-3P99.9875.332762
HSA-MIR-19B-3P99.9875.442754
HSA-LET-7A-5P99.9872.291790
HSA-LET-7B-5P99.9872.311790
HSA-LET-7C-5P99.9872.291790
HSA-LET-7E-5P99.9872.291790
HSA-LET-7F-5P99.9872.561784
HSA-LET-7G-5P99.9872.371784
HSA-LET-7I-5P99.9872.371788
HSA-MIR-98-5P99.9872.331787
HSA-MIR-4645-5P99.9865.811284
HSA-MIR-512-3P99.9767.351049
HSA-MIR-314899.9775.066478
HSA-MIR-3065-5P99.9771.563281
HSA-MIR-570-3P99.9672.414910
HSA-LET-7D-5P99.9671.761632
HSA-MIR-445899.9671.641650
HSA-MIR-1468-3P99.9672.743797
HSA-MIR-4725-3P99.9669.532520
HSA-MIR-6780B-5P99.9669.602562
HSA-MIR-302E99.9670.742669
HSA-MIR-6721-5P99.9368.922981

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 14)

  • identification of isoforms; interaction with syntaxin [alpha-taxilin] (PMID:15184072)
  • role for IL-14alpha (Txln gene product)in the development of both autoimmunity and lymphomagenesis (PMID:17015757)
  • increases in IL-14 transcript levels may play a role in alloantibody formation after renal transplantation (PMID:18645499)
  • IL-14a is important in the pathophysiology of Sjogren’s disease (PMID:19038581)
  • analysis of a novel monoclonal antibody against interleukin-14alpha (PMID:19663695)
  • alpha-taxilin may be involved in cell proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), and its expression can be a marker of malignant potential of HCC. (PMID:21042709)
  • Increased alpha-taxilin protein expression is associated with the metastatic and invasive potential of renal cell cancer. (PMID:21551945)
  • Alpha-taxilin is localized on intracellular components in a syntaxin-independent manner and that the alpha-taxilin-containing intracellular components are associated with the microtubule cytoskeleton. (PMID:22785156)
  • alpha-taxilin plays an essential role for release of HBV-DNA containing particles. (PMID:23816704)
  • alpha-taxilin interacts with SNX4 and plays a role in the recycling pathway of TfnR. (PMID:24690921)
  • intrathyroidal production of IL-14 and IL-16 associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (PMID:25940130)
  • Silencing of alpha-taxilin expression leads to increased release of infectious hepatitis C virus particles. (PMID:26527738)
  • High TXLNA Expression Predicts Favourable Outcome for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Patients. (PMID:32185195)
  • alpha-/gamma-Taxilin are required for centriolar subdistal appendage assembly and microtubule organization. (PMID:35119360)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriotxlnaENSDARG00000077037
mus_musculusTxlnaENSMUSG00000053841
rattus_norvegicusTxlnaENSRNOG00000048242

Paralogs (2): TXLNG (ENSG00000086712), TXLNB (ENSG00000164440)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Alpha-taxilinP40222 (reviewed: P40222)

All UniProt accessions (1): P40222

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. May be involved in intracellular vesicle traffic and potentially in calcium-dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells.

Subunit / interactions. Binds to the C-terminal coiled coil region of syntaxin family members STX1A, STX3A and STX4A, but not when these proteins are complexed with SNAP25, VAMP2 or STXBP1, suggesting that it interacts with syntaxins that do not form the SNARE complex.

Tissue specificity. Ubiquitous, with much higher expression in heart, kidney, liver and pancreas.

Similarity. Belongs to the taxilin family.

RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001363786, NP_001363787, NP_001363788, NP_787048* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR026183Taxilin_famFamily

Pfam: PF09728

UniProt features (18 total): sequence conflict 8, compositionally biased region 4, region of interest 2, modified residue 2, chain 1, coiled-coil region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-P40222-F175.290.43

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (2): 72, 515

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-449836Other interleukin signaling

MSigDB gene sets: 136 (showing top): REACTOME_CYTOKINE_SIGNALING_IN_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_B_CELL_ACTIVATION, MORF_HDAC2, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, MONNIER_POSTRADIATION_TUMOR_ESCAPE_UP, GOBP_EXOCYTOSIS, BLALOCK_ALZHEIMERS_DISEASE_UP, SCHAEFFER_PROSTATE_DEVELOPMENT_6HR_DN, GOBP_SECRETION, MORF_PRKDC, LASTOWSKA_NEUROBLASTOMA_COPY_NUMBER_DN, MORF_AATF, MORF_ORC1L, BIOCARTA_CYTOKINE_PATHWAY, MARSON_BOUND_BY_E2F4_UNSTIMULATED

GO Biological Process (2): exocytosis (GO:0006887), B cell activation (GO:0042113)

GO Molecular Function (2): syntaxin binding (GO:0019905), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (4): extracellular region (GO:0005576), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Signaling by Interleukins1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure4
vesicle-mediated transport1
secretion by cell1
vesicle fusion to plasma membrane1
lymphocyte activation1
SNARE binding1
binding1
intracellular anatomical structure1
cytoplasm1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

838 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
TXLNATSG101Q99816810
TXLNASTX4Q12846805
TXLNASTX3Q13277795
TXLNASTX1AQ16623699
TXLNASTX8Q9UNK0635
TXLNAIFNGP01579578
TXLNAIL5P05113567
TXLNASTX7O15400549
TXLNAIL19Q9UHD0509
TXLNAIL13P35225506
TXLNAIL4P05112470
TXLNAIL11P20809470
TXLNAERVFRD-1P60508446
TXLNAERV3-1Q14264446
TXLNAIL10P22301445

IntAct

528 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
TXLNBTXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.880
TXLNATXLNBpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.880
HIF1ANAPBA3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.850
MED4TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.840
TXLNAMED4psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.840
NDC80TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.800
TXLNAKRT38psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.800
TXLNANDC80psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.800
CDR2TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
KRT31TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
TXLNAKRT40psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
TXLNAVPS52psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
TFIP11TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
TCL1ATXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
BTF3L4TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
GORASP2TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
WASHC3TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
TXLNAKRT31psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
KRT40TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
VPS52TXLNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780

BioGRID (376): TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid), TXLNA (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0PJP4, A0PJT0, A2A6T1, A2VDP1, D3YV10, D3ZUQ0, G9G127, O75150, O88448, P40222, P97817, Q08379, Q17QG3, Q2HJJ0, Q3U319, Q4R7K7, Q4V328, Q4V872, Q5DTM8, Q5EBL4, Q5PQM2, Q5RAU7, Q5VTR2, Q5XJA2, Q5ZLS3, Q62036, Q62839, Q6AYA0, Q6DFC2, Q6PAM1, Q6ZUS6, Q80YF0, Q86X02, Q8BR07, Q8C9S4, Q8CG73, Q8CJB9, Q8IYE1, Q8TD16, Q8VD04

Diamond homologs: P40222, Q6GVM5, Q6PAM1, Q8BHN1, Q8N3L3, Q8VBT1, Q9BZA5, Q9I969, Q9NUQ3

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 109 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes919.8×8e-08
Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome919.8×8e-08
AURKA Activation by TPX2919.0×9e-08
Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane1218.8×5e-10
Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes917.0×2e-07
Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition915.9×3e-07
Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes914.6×6e-07
Formation of the cornified envelope67.3×7e-03

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
centriole replication537.8×1e-04
morphogenesis of an epithelium621.3×1e-04
centrosome cycle517.4×1e-03
intermediate filament organization614.9×4e-04
epithelial cell differentiation610.9×2e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

86 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance63
Likely benign5
Benign1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1584 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
1:32180504:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
1:32181554:A:Tdonor_gain1.0000
1:32181571:GGTT:Gdonor_gain1.0000
1:32184601:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
1:32184604:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
1:32187945:T:TAacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32187950:CCAG:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
1:32187952:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32187952:AGCT:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32187952:AGCTG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32187953:G:GTacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32187953:GC:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32187953:GCT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32187953:GCTG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32187953:GCTGG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32188126:T:Cdonor_loss1.0000
1:32190246:GGAG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
1:32190247:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
1:32190250:GTA:Gdonor_loss1.0000
1:32192303:T:TAacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32192309:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32192309:A:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
1:32192310:G:GCacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32192310:GC:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32192310:GCA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32192310:GCAT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32192310:GCATA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:32192395:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
1:32192418:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
1:32192421:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000

AlphaMissense

3598 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
1:32181308:T:CL79P1.000
1:32184543:T:CL175P1.000
1:32184594:T:CL192P1.000
1:32184615:T:CL199P1.000
1:32188036:T:CL227P1.000
1:32188056:G:CA234P1.000
1:32188069:G:CR238P1.000
1:32188078:T:AL241H1.000
1:32188078:T:CL241P1.000
1:32188087:T:CL244P1.000
1:32188092:C:AR246S1.000
1:32188093:G:CR246P1.000
1:32188099:T:CL248P1.000
1:32188105:G:CR250P1.000
1:32190095:G:CR270P1.000
1:32190115:T:CF277L1.000
1:32190116:T:CF277S1.000
1:32190116:T:GF277C1.000
1:32190117:C:AF277L1.000
1:32190117:C:GF277L1.000
1:32190128:T:AL281Q1.000
1:32190128:T:CL281P1.000
1:32190137:T:AI284N1.000
1:32190137:T:GI284S1.000
1:32190146:A:CQ287P1.000
1:32190179:T:CL298P1.000
1:32190192:C:AN302K1.000
1:32190192:C:GN302K1.000
1:32190200:T:CL305P1.000
1:32190202:G:CA306P1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000056294 (1:32186268 G>A,T), RS1000089966 (1:32185830 C>G,T), RS1000119851 (1:32190702 A>G), RS1000374182 (1:32197781 T>C), RS1000464886 (1:32183782 G>C), RS1000484779 (1:32198342 C>G,T), RS1000492288 (1:32179202 T>A), RS1000545665 (1:32178867 C>A,G,T), RS1000911177 (1:32179637 C>T), RS1001005750 (1:32197477 C>T), RS1001364939 (1:32179837 C>T), RS1001574640 (1:32191900 T>C), RS1001912226 (1:32193793 G>T), RS1002125984 (1:32194111 G>A), RS1002166786 (1:32184918 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:608676 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL6066423 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

2 potent at pChembl≥5 of 2 total, top 2 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
5.45Kd3539nMCHEMBL5653589
5.45ED503539nMCHEMBL5653589

PubChem BioAssay actives

1 with measured affinity, of 2 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide2149690: Binding affinity to human TXLNA incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assaykd3.5386uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

38 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
sodium arseniteincreases expression2
Valproic Acidaffects expression, decreases expression2
FR900359decreases phosphorylation1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
bisphenol Adecreases expression1
perfluorooctanoic aciddecreases expression1
coumarinincreases phosphorylation1
di-n-butylphosphoric acidaffects expression1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
ICG 001increases expression1
bisphenol Bincreases expression1
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidinsaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
LDN 193189affects cotreatment, decreases expression1
picoxystrobindecreases expression1
Resveratrolaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Sunitinibincreases expression1
Leflunomidedecreases expression1
Benztropinedecreases expression1
Caffeinedecreases phosphorylation1
Catechinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Cisplatinincreases expression1
Cuprizoneaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Doxorubicindecreases expression1
Enzyme Inhibitorsdecreases activity, increases O-linked glycosylation1
Ethyl Methanesulfonateincreases expression1
Haloperidoldecreases expression, affects cotreatment1
Ivermectindecreases expression1
Leadaffects expression1
Methyl Methanesulfonateincreases expression1
Plant Extractsaffects cotreatment, increases expression1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL5652732BindingBinding affinity to human TXLNA incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assayNVP-BHG712: Effects of Regioisomers on the Affinity and Selectivity toward the EPHrin Family. — ChemMedChem

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_B2K0Abcam HeLa TXLNA KOCancer cell lineFemale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.