ULBP1

gene
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Also known as RAET1I

Summary

ULBP1 (UL16 binding protein 1, HGNC:14893) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 6q25.1, encoding UL16-binding protein 1 (Q9BZM6). Binds and activates the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor, mediating natural killer cell cytotoxicity.

The protein encoded by this gene is a ligand of natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D), an immune system-activating receptor on NK cells and T-cells. Binding of the encoded ligand to NKG2D leads to activation of several signal transduction pathways, including those of JAK2, STAT5, ERK and PI3K kinase/Akt. Also, in cytomegalovirus-infected cells, this ligand binds the UL16 glycoprotein and is prevented from activating the immune system. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 80329 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 1
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 71 total
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_025218

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:14893
Approved symbolULBP1
NameUL16 binding protein 1
Location6q25.1
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesRAET1I
Ensembl geneENSG00000111981
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM605697
Entrez80329

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 2 protein_coding

ENST00000229708, ENST00000954265

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_025218 NM_025218

CCDS: CCDS5223

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000229708 — 5 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00000896361149963943149964134
ENSE00000896362149970016149970147
ENSE00001403981149971369149973715
ENSE00002440361149968607149968870
ENSE00002467887149969085149969360

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 111 present calls, max score 76.88.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 3.8429 / max 222.6965, expressed in 899 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
705062.4645630
705040.9506444
705050.4278231

Top tissues by expression

249 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225576.88gold quality
pancreatic ductal cellCL:000207973.02silver quality
right lungUBERON:000216770.04gold quality
cerebellar hemisphereUBERON:000224568.06gold quality
cerebellar cortexUBERON:000212968.04gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellumUBERON:001489066.09gold quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534365.98gold quality
cerebellumUBERON:000203765.69gold quality
spermCL:000001965.06gold quality
male germ cellCL:000001563.97gold quality
upper lobe of left lungUBERON:000895262.54gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000661.53gold quality
upper lobe of lungUBERON:000894861.00gold quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305356.01gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402355.47gold quality
lungUBERON:000204854.98gold quality
right testisUBERON:000453453.10gold quality
ileal mucosaUBERON:000033152.36gold quality
oocyteCL:000002352.35gold quality
deltoidUBERON:000147652.27gold quality
embryoUBERON:000092252.20gold quality
parotid glandUBERON:000183152.20gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynxUBERON:000195152.00gold quality
testisUBERON:000047350.95gold quality
quadriceps femorisUBERON:000137750.51gold quality
left testisUBERON:000453349.68gold quality
vastus lateralisUBERON:000137949.58gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46UBERON:000648349.30gold quality
cervix squamous epitheliumUBERON:000692249.20gold quality
hair follicleUBERON:000207349.18gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-CURD-10no115.62
E-ANND-3no2.21

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): HDAC3, SP1, SP3, TFAP2A

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

89 targeting ULBP1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-LET-7A-3P100.0074.033932
HSA-LET-7B-3P100.0074.083913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P100.0074.023928
HSA-MIR-98-3P100.0074.083907
HSA-MIR-3646100.0073.565283
HSA-MIR-5692A100.0074.406850
HSA-MIR-520G-5P99.9966.76658
HSA-MIR-366299.9973.825684
HSA-MIR-485-3P99.9870.681585
HSA-MIR-539-3P99.9870.741616
HSA-LET-7F-2-3P99.9870.982588
HSA-MIR-1185-1-3P99.9871.042593
HSA-MIR-1185-2-3P99.9871.042593
HSA-MIR-4789-5P99.9870.762721
HSA-MIR-4482-3P99.9872.503147
HSA-MIR-4666A-3P99.9671.713434
HSA-MIR-448799.9664.581252
HSA-MIR-96-5P99.9572.802140
HSA-MIR-335-3P99.9373.364958
HSA-MIR-4778-3P99.9370.401818
HSA-MIR-22-3P99.9368.13917
HSA-MIR-381-3P99.9371.872854
HSA-MIR-1213399.9271.822006
HSA-MIR-30099.9271.762856
HSA-MIR-1271-5P99.9171.991972
HSA-MIR-124-3P99.8973.743043
HSA-MIR-506-3P99.8973.553057
HSA-MIR-4731-5P99.8967.232537
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P99.8866.692776
HSA-MIR-369-3P99.8570.522264

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 22)

  • ULBP1 binds to the NKG2D receptor and activates multiple signaling pathways in primary natural killer cells. (PMID:11777960)
  • The NKG2D ligand ULBP1 is up-regulated and readily detectable intracellularly in the endoplasmic reticulum of human cytomegalovirus-infected fibroblasts, where it colocalizes with viral protein UL16. (PMID:12847260)
  • ULBPs and MICA are expressed in lipid rafts at the cell surface of NK and T cells. (PMID:15051759)
  • ULBP1 is a human ligand of the NKG2D receptor (PMID:16901903)
  • As NKG2D ligand, ULBP1 are expressed on immature dendritic cells and plays an important role in the cytotoxic effect of NK cells against iDC. (PMID:18394338)
  • The selective induction of ULBP1 expression by proteasome inhibitor drugs, along with variable NKG2D ligand expression by human tumor cells, indicates that NKG2D ligand genes are independently regulated. (PMID:19414815)
  • Data show that the protease NS3/4A of HCV down-regulates ULBP1 expression by inhibiting the transcription of ULBP1. (PMID:19500498)
  • Vpr specifically induces surface expression of the unique-long 16 binding proteins (ULBP)-1 and ULBP-2, but not ULBP-3 (PMID:19798433)
  • Data show that ULBP1, TFR2 and IFITM1 were associated with increased susceptibility to Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cell cytotoxicity. (PMID:20220060)
  • These results identify Mult1 as a target for the MARCH family of E3 ligases (PMID:20870941)
  • recombinant ULBP1 fused to CD45 caused a reduction in cytotoxicity and degranulation by NK cells, implying a role for receptor ligand distribution in the activation of NK cell responses (PMID:21464092)
  • recurrence-free survival of patients with ULBP1-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was significantly shorter than that of patients with ULBP1-positive HCC (PMID:21756848)
  • Findings define the involvement of p53 in the regulation of ULBP1 and ULBP2 which enhance NK cell-mediated target recognition. (PMID:21764762)
  • This study provides for the first time, the c-Myc dependent regulation of NKG2D ligands, ULBP1/2/3 in acute myeloid leukemia. (PMID:24677544)
  • expression determines intrinsic acute myeloid leukemia susceptibility to allogeneic V[gamma]9V[delta]2 T cells (PMID:24911793)
  • ATF4 drives ULBP1 gene expression in cancer cell lines, while the RNA-binding protein RBM4 supports ULBP1 expression by suppressing a novel alternatively spliced isoform of ULBP1 mRNA. (PMID:26565589)
  • we show that Simian Virus 40 (SV40)…evades NK cell attack through the down regulation of…ULBP1 (PMID:26992229)
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition may be involved in the immune evasion of circulating gastric tumor cells via downregulation of ULBP1. (PMID:32077634)
  • UL16-Binding Protein 1 Induced HTR-8/SVneo Autophagy via NF-kappaB Suppression Mediated by TNF-alpha Secreted through uNK Cells. (PMID:32626772)
  • Human Cytomegalovirus UL24 and UL43 Cooperate to Modulate the Expression of Immunoregulatory UL16 Binding Protein 1. (PMID:36179070)
  • Knockdown of the UL-16 binding protein 1 promotes osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by activating the SMAD2/3 pathway. (PMID:38481217)
  • Human esophageal cancer stem-like cells escape the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells via down-regulation of ULBP-1. (PMID:39103915)

Cross-species orthologs

12 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriomhc1laaENSDARG00000016056
danio_reriomhc1lbaENSDARG00000016227
danio_reriomhc1ldaENSDARG00000023203
danio_rerioENSDARG00000051710
danio_rerioENSDARG00000051711
danio_reriomhc1lfaENSDARG00000051712
danio_reriomhc1lgaENSDARG00000051713
danio_reriomhc1lcaENSDARG00000055813
danio_reriomhc1ljaENSDARG00000096830
danio_reriosi:dkey-52p2.5ENSDARG00000096940
danio_reriomhc1llaENSDARG00000096977
mus_musculusUlbp1ENSMUSG00000079685

Paralogs (22): HFE (ENSG00000010704), FCGRT (ENSG00000104870), ULBP2 (ENSG00000131015), ULBP3 (ENSG00000131019), MR1 (ENSG00000153029), RAET1L (ENSG00000155918), CD1D (ENSG00000158473), CD1A (ENSG00000158477), CD1C (ENSG00000158481), CD1B (ENSG00000158485), CD1E (ENSG00000158488), AZGP1 (ENSG00000160862), RAET1E (ENSG00000164520), RAET1G (ENSG00000203722), MICB (ENSG00000204516), MICA (ENSG00000204520), HLA-C (ENSG00000204525), HLA-E (ENSG00000204592), HLA-G (ENSG00000204632), HLA-F (ENSG00000204642), HLA-A (ENSG00000206503), HLA-B (ENSG00000234745)

Protein

Protein identifiers

UL16-binding protein 1Q9BZM6 (reviewed: Q9BZM6)

Alternative names: ALCAN-beta, NKG2D ligand 1, Retinoic acid early transcript 1I

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9BZM6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Binds and activates the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor, mediating natural killer cell cytotoxicity.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with KLRK1/NKG2D. Does not bind to beta2-microglobulin. (Microbial infection) In CMV-infected cells, interacts with the viral glycoprotein UL16; this interaction causes ULBP1 retention in the endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi and prevents binding to and activation of KLRK1/NKG2D, providing CMV with an immune evasion mechanism.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane. Endoplasmic reticulum.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in T-cells, B-cells, erythroleukemia cell lines and in a wide range of tissues including heart, brain, lung, liver, testis, lymph node, thymus, tonsil and bone marrow. Also found in fetal heart, brain, lung and liver.

Miscellaneous. UL16-binding proteins (ULBPs) are unusual members of the extended MHC class I superfamily. They do not contain the alpha 3 domain and lack a transmembrane domain.

Similarity. Belongs to the MHC class I family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_079494* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR011161MHC_I-like_Ag-recogDomain
IPR011162MHC_I/II-like_Ag-recogHomologous_superfamily
IPR037055MHC_I-like_Ag-recog_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR050208MHC_class-I_relatedFamily

Pfam: PF00129

UniProt features (10 total): region of interest 2, disulfide bond 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, propeptide 1, lipid moiety-binding region 1, glycosylation site 1, sequence variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q9BZM6-F181.810.53

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 216

Disulfide bonds (2): 50–66, 127–190

Glycosylation sites (1): 82

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-198933Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell

MSigDB gene sets: 131 (showing top): GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_RESPONSE, BENPORATH_ES_WITH_H3K27ME3, REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_RESPONSE, PEREZ_TP63_TARGETS, GOCC_CELL_SURFACE, GOBP_LEUKOCYTE_MEDIATED_CYTOTOXICITY, GOBP_ANTIGEN_PROCESSING_AND_PRESENTATION_VIA_MHC_CLASS_IB, GOBP_ANTIGEN_PROCESSING_AND_PRESENTATION_OF_PEPTIDE_ANTIGEN, GOBP_LEUKOCYTE_MEDIATED_IMMUNITY, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_T_CELL_MEDIATED_CYTOTOXICITY, chr6q25, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_IMMUNE_RESPONSE, GOBP_DEFENSE_RESPONSE_TO_OTHER_ORGANISM, GOBP_LYMPHOCYTE_MEDIATED_IMMUNITY

GO Biological Process (8): positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity (GO:0001916), antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib (GO:0002476), antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent (GO:0002486), immune response (GO:0006955), natural killer cell activation (GO:0030101), natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity (GO:0042267), immune system process (GO:0002376), signal transduction (GO:0007165)

GO Molecular Function (3): natural killer cell lectin-like receptor binding (GO:0046703), receptor ligand activity (GO:0048018), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (7): obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), cytosol (GO:0005829), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), external side of plasma membrane (GO:0009897), membrane (GO:0016020), side of membrane (GO:0098552)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Adaptive Immune System1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure3
signaling receptor binding2
cytoplasm2
membrane2
positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity1
T cell mediated cytotoxicity1
regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity1
positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity1
antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class Ib1
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen1
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway1
immune system process1
response to stimulus1
lymphocyte activation1
leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity1
natural killer cell mediated immunity1
biological_process1
cell communication1
cellular process1
signaling1
regulation of cellular process1
cellular response to stimulus1
signal transduction1
signaling receptor activator activity1
binding1
endomembrane system1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
cell periphery1
plasma membrane1
cell surface1
side of membrane1
leaflet of membrane bilayer1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

666 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
ULBP1KLRK1P26718999
ULBP1MICBP79525963
ULBP1CD226Q15762910
ULBP1NCR1O76036904
ULBP1HCSTQ9UBK5864
ULBP1NCR3O14931823
ULBP1NCR2O95944803
ULBP1LILRB1Q8NHL6792
ULBP1MICAP79506750
ULBP1KLRD1Q13241742
ULBP1NECTIN2Q92692740
ULBP1CCR8P51685725
ULBP1PVRP15151721
ULBP1CD48P09326707
ULBP1B2MP01884634

IntAct

16 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
TNFSF8TOR1Bpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
SLC39A5FAM171A2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
SLC39A5TMEM223psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
ULBP1IGLL5psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
TNFSF8LGALS8psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
KLRK1ULBP1psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.440
TNFSF8NME4psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
CEACAM21GAPDHSpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
RHCGTMEM223psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SLC16A10STXBP3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SLC2A1ANXA2P2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SLC39A12ESYT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SLC9A9PODXLpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350

BioGRID (23): ULBP3 (Affinity Capture-MS), GPC3 (Affinity Capture-MS), ULBP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), IGLL5 (Affinity Capture-MS), CPM (Affinity Capture-MS), ULBP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ULBP1 (Synthetic Lethality), GPC3 (Affinity Capture-MS), ULBP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), IGLL5 (Affinity Capture-MS), THEM4 (Affinity Capture-MS), CPM (Affinity Capture-MS), ULBP3 (Affinity Capture-MS), ULBP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ULBP3 (Co-fractionation)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0G2K7V7, C1ITJ8, O08602, O08603, O08604, O19477, O35799, O97945, P01572, P01573, P05001, P05011, P06799, P07349, P07350, P07351, P09235, P14431, P14432, P35849, P43626, P43627, P43628, P43632, P60018, P70387, P81255, Q29980, Q29983, Q30201, Q5VY80, Q60I18, Q61716, Q6H3X3, Q80SS5, Q80SU4, Q8HWB0, Q8HWE5, Q8HWE7, Q8N109

Diamond homologs: Q5VY80, Q6H3X3, Q8TD07, Q9BZM4, Q9BZM5, Q9BZM6

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

71 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance50
Likely benign8
Benign7

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

621 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
6:149968601:CCACA:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
6:149968602:CACA:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
6:149968604:CA:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
6:149968605:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
6:149968605:A:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
6:149968606:G:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
6:149968606:G:GAacceptor_gain1.0000
6:149968606:GAC:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
6:149968606:GACA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
6:149968606:GACAC:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
6:149970128:A:Tdonor_gain1.0000
6:149965415:G:GTdonor_gain0.9900
6:149965415:G:Tdonor_gain0.9900
6:149965439:G:GTdonor_gain0.9900
6:149968603:A:AGacceptor_gain0.9900
6:149968604:C:Gacceptor_gain0.9900
6:149968606:GA:Gacceptor_gain0.9900
6:149965340:GCAC:Gdonor_gain0.9800
6:149965341:C:Tdonor_gain0.9800
6:149969361:G:GGdonor_gain0.9800
6:149970122:A:Gdonor_gain0.9700
6:149965426:G:GTdonor_gain0.9600
6:149965448:G:GTdonor_gain0.9600
6:149965440:A:Tdonor_gain0.9500
6:149965449:A:Tdonor_gain0.9500
6:149969202:GAAA:Gacceptor_gain0.9500
6:149969360:AG:Adonor_loss0.9500
6:149969361:GTA:Gdonor_loss0.9500
6:149969362:T:TCdonor_loss0.9500
6:149969363:AAGT:Adonor_loss0.9500

AlphaMissense

1614 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
6:149969156:T:CF141L0.950
6:149969158:C:AF141L0.950
6:149969158:C:GF141L0.950
6:149968702:T:CF61L0.946
6:149968704:T:AF61L0.946
6:149968704:T:GF61L0.946
6:149969324:T:CF197L0.934
6:149969326:T:AF197L0.934
6:149969326:T:GF197L0.934
6:149969177:T:CF148L0.924
6:149969179:C:AF148L0.924
6:149969179:C:GF148L0.924
6:149969251:G:CW172C0.924
6:149969251:G:TW172C0.924
6:149969249:T:AW172R0.922
6:149969249:T:CW172R0.922
6:149969157:T:CF141S0.916
6:149969186:T:CF151L0.909
6:149969188:T:AF151L0.909
6:149969188:T:GF151L0.909
6:149969207:T:AW158R0.905
6:149969207:T:CW158R0.905
6:149969150:T:AW139R0.896
6:149969150:T:CW139R0.896
6:149968782:G:CW87C0.885
6:149968782:G:TW87C0.885
6:149969152:G:CW139C0.882
6:149969152:G:TW139C0.882
6:149969109:T:CM125T0.878
6:149968630:T:CF37L0.876

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000192900 (6:149969843 A>C,G), RS1000641477 (6:149966442 G>A,C), RS1001408133 (6:149962429 A>G,T), RS1001750842 (6:149971651 G>A), RS1002409124 (6:149963553 G>C), RS1002440232 (6:149963767 A>C), RS1002485036 (6:149972983 C>T), RS1002638685 (6:149968514 G>A,C), RS1002976736 (6:149968322 T>A), RS1003409212 (6:149964499 G>A,T), RS1003491871 (6:149974191 G>T), RS1003753801 (6:149973939 C>T), RS1004418964 (6:149965837 A>C), RS1004427572 (6:149968298 T>C), RS1004651490 (6:149970598 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:605697 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST000823_7Radiation response7.000000e-06

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

53 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Resveratrolaffects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression3
arseniteaffects binding, decreases reaction, increases methylation2
sodium arsenitedecreases expression, increases expression2
rottlerinincreases expression, affects binding, decreases reaction2
Erlotinib Hydrochlorideaffects binding, decreases reaction, increases expression2
Gefitinibaffects binding, decreases reaction, increases expression2
Arsenic Trioxideincreases expression2
Estradiolaffects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression2
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetateaffects binding, decreases reaction, increases expression2
Tobacco Smoke Pollutionincreases expression2
propionaldehydeincreases expression1
bisphenol Aincreases expression1
2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-oneincreases expression1
butyraldehydeincreases expression1
tetrabromobisphenol Aincreases expression1
perfluorooctanoic acidincreases expression1
potassium chromate(VI)increases expression1
pentanalincreases expression1
mithramycin Aincreases expression1
Go 6976increases expression1
bisindolylmaleimideincreases expression1
chloropicrinincreases expression1
ICG 001increases expression1
abrinedecreases expression1
2-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (2-methyl-4-o-tolylazophenyl)amideincreases expression, affects cotreatment1
licochalcone Bincreases expression1
incobotulinumtoxinAdecreases expression1
prothioconazoleincreases expression1
NSC668394increases expression1
demycarosyl-3D-digitoxosylmithramycin SKdecreases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.