UNKL

Summary

UNKL (unk like zinc finger, HGNC:14184) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 16p13.3, encoding Putative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UNKL (Q9H9P5). May participate in a protein complex showing an E3 ligase activity regulated by RAC1.

This gene encodes a RING finger protein that may function in Rac signaling. It can bind to Brg/Brm-associated factor 60b and can promote its ubiquitination. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 64718 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): Tourette syndrome (No Known Disease Relationship, GenCC)
• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 200 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001372107

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:14184
Approved symbol	UNKL
Name	unk like zinc finger
Location	16p13.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	ZC3HDC5L, ZC3H5L, FLJ23360
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000059145
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	617463
Entrez	64718

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 22 — 12 protein_coding, 4 retained_intron, 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000248104, ENST00000301712, ENST00000382757, ENST00000389221, ENST00000397464, ENST00000402641, ENST00000403703, ENST00000502438, ENST00000503648, ENST00000508903, ENST00000509981, ENST00000511095, ENST00000513783, ENST00000515195, ENST00000561783, ENST00000562537, ENST00000566707, ENST00000674376, ENST00000876324, ENST00000876325, ENST00000876326, ENST00000876327

RefSeq mRNA: 7 — MANE Select: NM_001372107 NM_001037125, NM_001193388, NM_001193389, NM_001276414, NM_001367622, NM_001370526, NM_001372107

CCDS: CCDS32359, CCDS53980, CCDS61787, CCDS92080

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000389221 — 15 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000945893	1390632	1390694
ENSE00001164823	1392891	1392976
ENSE00001493288	1414615	1414704
ENSE00001505217	1385208	1385385
ENSE00003469324	1371519	1371611
ENSE00003510680	1403168	1403344
ENSE00003518465	1401568	1401701
ENSE00003518675	1413846	1414055
ENSE00003554935	1397178	1397295
ENSE00003565038	1367092	1367349
ENSE00003609378	1370130	1370357
ENSE00003637012	1399374	1399509
ENSE00003656952	1394131	1394215
ENSE00003713076	1367656	1367858
ENSE00003901573	1363205	1366395

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 259 present calls, max score 99.64.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 13.4450 / max 164.3969, expressed in 1794 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
155843	8.3437	1721
155841	3.6808	1308
155842	0.9010	611
155840	0.5195	223

Top tissues by expression

282 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	99.64	gold quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	99.42	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	93.94	gold quality
germinal epithelium of ovary	UBERON:0001304	90.80	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	90.77	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	90.47	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	90.32	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	89.73	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	89.62	gold quality
parietal pleura	UBERON:0002400	89.32	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	89.24	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	89.20	gold quality
visceral pleura	UBERON:0002401	88.81	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	88.67	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	88.54	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	88.53	gold quality
amniotic fluid	UBERON:0000173	88.48	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	88.36	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	88.00	gold quality
tibia	UBERON:0000979	87.96	gold quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	87.55	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	87.53	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	87.51	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	87.50	gold quality
mammary duct	UBERON:0001765	87.49	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	87.46	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	87.43	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	87.38	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	87.26	gold quality
pleura	UBERON:0000977	87.20	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-4850	no	277.11
E-ANND-3	no	2.85

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

28 targeting UNKL, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-3667-3P	99.99	67.17	1636
HSA-MIR-196A-1-3P	99.99	72.15	2772
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-765	99.84	68.24	2442
HSA-MIR-11181-3P	99.75	66.38	2205
HSA-MIR-7155-3P	99.57	66.48	794
HSA-MIR-1324	99.46	66.57	1302
HSA-MIR-6739-3P	99.22	68.84	1843
HSA-MIR-6734-3P	99.15	66.27	1627
HSA-MIR-29A-5P	99.08	68.59	1813
HSA-MIR-3117-5P	99.04	67.93	618
HSA-MIR-6871-5P	98.90	66.67	671
HSA-MIR-11399	98.71	65.69	869
HSA-MIR-6728-3P	98.63	67.63	1534
HSA-MIR-767-3P	98.61	67.69	1192
HSA-MIR-4518	98.12	66.82	1030
HSA-MIR-1271-3P	97.56	64.85	865
HSA-MIR-550A-3-5P	97.56	65.35	823
HSA-MIR-550A-5P	97.56	65.35	823
HSA-MIR-6514-3P	97.52	66.50	808
HSA-MIR-509-3-5P	97.21	67.74	1517
HSA-MIR-509-5P	97.21	67.90	1512
HSA-MIR-4418	97.04	67.16	1372
HSA-MIR-9900	96.06	65.48	557
HSA-MIR-764	94.16	64.85	656
HSA-MIR-6784-5P	84.56	60.91	126

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• Characterizes the related Drosophila gene and protein. (PMID:1339381)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	unkl	ENSDARG00000037838
mus_musculus	Unkl	ENSMUSG00000015127
rattus_norvegicus	Unkl	ENSRNOG00000054605
drosophila_melanogaster	unk	FBGN0004395
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00016407

Paralogs (1): UNK (ENSG00000132478)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Putative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UNKL — Q9H9P5 (reviewed: Q9H9P5)

Alternative names: RING finger protein unkempt-like, Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 5-like

All UniProt accessions (7): Q9H9P5, A0A0A0MRZ1, A0A0A0MSC7, A0A0A0MSF0, D6RA68, E2QRG9, E9PDK2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. May participate in a protein complex showing an E3 ligase activity regulated by RAC1. Ubiquitination is directed towards itself and possibly other substrates, such as SMARCD2/BAF60b. Intrinsic E3 ligase activity has not been proven.

Subunit / interactions. Isoform 4 (C-terminal) interacts with the GTP-bound form of RAC1. Isoform 4 (C-terminal) interacts with SMARCD2/BAF60b.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Post-translational modifications. Isoform 4 is ubiquitinated in the C-terminal. Ubiquitination is enhanced by activated RAC1. The presence of the RING finger domain is not essential for ubiquitination to occur.

Domain organisation. Although this protein contains a RING domain, intrinsic E3 ligase activity has not been proven.

Pathway. Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.

Miscellaneous. Splice site between exons 6 and 7 is non-canonical.

Similarity. Belongs to the unkempt family.

Isoforms (6)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9H9P5-4	4	yes
Q9H9P5-1	1
Q9H9P5-2	2
Q9H9P5-3	3
Q9H9P5-5	5
Q9H9P5-6	6

RefSeq proteins (7): NP_001032202, NP_001180317, NP_001180318, NP_001263343, NP_001354551, NP_001357455, NP_001359036* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000571	Znf_CCCH	Domain
IPR001841	Znf_RING	Domain
IPR013083	Znf_RING/FYVE/PHD	Homologous_superfamily
IPR036855	Znf_CCCH_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR040594	UNK_Znf_1	Domain
IPR045234	Unkempt-like	Family
IPR057295	UNK_Znf_4	Domain
IPR057296	UNK_Znf_5	Domain

Pfam: PF00642, PF13920, PF18384, PF23035, PF23261, PF25427

UniProt features (32 total): splice variant 12, zinc finger region 5, region of interest 5, compositionally biased region 4, mutagenesis site 2, sequence conflict 2, chain 1, coiled-coil region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9H9P5-F1	67.86	0.33

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (2):

Position	Phenotype
639	no effects on the interaction with rac1 or smarcd2; when associated with a-670.
670	no effects on the interaction with rac1 or smarcd2; when associated with a-639.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-983168	Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation

MSigDB gene sets: 165 (showing top): MULLIGHAN_NPM1_SIGNATURE_3_UP, REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, REACTOME_CLASS_I_MHC_MEDIATED_ANTIGEN_PROCESSING_PRESENTATION, REACTOME_ANTIGEN_PROCESSING_UBIQUITINATION_PROTEASOME_DEGRADATION, SENESE_HDAC1_AND_HDAC2_TARGETS_DN, WEI_MYCN_TARGETS_WITH_E_BOX, GOBP_POST_TRANSLATIONAL_PROTEIN_MODIFICATION, NRF2_Q4, DOUGLAS_BMI1_TARGETS_DN, NIKOLSKY_BREAST_CANCER_16P13_AMPLICON, GCACTTT_MIR175P_MIR20A_MIR106A_MIR106B_MIR20B_MIR519D, MULLIGHAN_NPM1_MUTATED_SIGNATURE_1_UP, GARGALOVIC_RESPONSE_TO_OXIDIZED_PHOSPHOLIPIDS_YELLOW_UP, HATADA_METHYLATED_IN_LUNG_CANCER_UP, MODULE_292

GO Biological Process (1): protein ubiquitination (GO:0016567)

GO Molecular Function (4): zinc ion binding (GO:0008270), transferase activity (GO:0016740), protein binding (GO:0005515), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (3): nucleus (GO:0005634), cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Class I MHC mediated antigen processing & presentation	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	2
protein modification by small protein conjugation	1
transition metal ion binding	1
catalytic activity	1
binding	1
cation binding	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

584 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
UNKL	FAM171A1	Q5VUB5	518
UNKL	KHNYN	O15037	463
UNKL	CAMKK1	Q8N5S9	452
UNKL	ADGRA3	Q8IWK6	448
UNKL	DUSP7	Q16829	437
UNKL	CERK	Q8TCT0	429
UNKL	SMTN	P53814	425
UNKL	CBFA2T2	O43439	415
UNKL	TNFRSF10D	Q9UBN6	410
UNKL	SH3TC1	Q8TE82	405
UNKL	CLVS1	Q8IUQ0	385
UNKL	KDM6B	O15054	380
UNKL	TSEN15	Q8WW01	380
UNKL	C1orf162	Q8NEQ5	370
UNKL	CYRIB	Q9NUQ9	360

IntAct

10 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
UNKL	RAC1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
UNKL	SMARCD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
SMARCD2	UNKL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
UBI4	UNKL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
KDM1A	UNKL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
TFAP2A	UNKL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
UNKL	GGPS1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
UNKL	GAPDHS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (81): PREPL (Affinity Capture-MS), AHCYL2 (Affinity Capture-MS), GGPS1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TRPC4AP (Affinity Capture-MS), AHCYL2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FBLN1 (Two-hybrid), NID2 (Two-hybrid), KCTD9 (Two-hybrid), HOXA1 (Two-hybrid), FRS3 (Two-hybrid), CREB5 (Two-hybrid), BAG3 (Two-hybrid), BAG4 (Two-hybrid), WDYHV1 (Two-hybrid), TGM7 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1YER5, A1YFY1, A2T6X5, A5PKK9, C0HBT3, D2H0Y8, E1B7Q7, E1B7X3, F1RCR6, G3X9J0, J7FCF0, O35730, O60292, O94972, Q06587, Q13064, Q14669, Q2PFU6, Q3T139, Q3TEL6, Q3UHH1, Q5DTT2, Q5REL3, Q5TCY1, Q5TJF3, Q5XIK5, Q60764, Q66JE4, Q6GQD5, Q6I6G8, Q6IEK5, Q6MGB6, Q6PCX9, Q76LL6, Q76N89, Q7L2J0, Q7ZUK0, Q8C120, Q8JZP9, Q8K3A9

Diamond homologs: O65036, O82199, O82307, P93755, Q10EL1, Q2QPW2, Q5FWH2, Q65X92, Q688R3, Q6L4N4, Q7XSB2, Q84SL2, Q86B79, Q93ZS9, Q94JI5, Q9FKW2, Q9FU27, Q9H9P5, Q9LUZ4, Q9LXV4, Q9M0G2, Q9XEE6, Q9ZWA1, Q6EE22, Q8BL48, Q9C0B0

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
Ub:E2	“up-regulates activity”	UNKL	ubiquitination

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

200 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	167
Likely benign	21
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

3633 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
16:1367090:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1367091:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1367091:CG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1367653:CAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1367655:CCTG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1367754:T:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:1385386:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:1394129:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1394130:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1394130:CT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1397173:CGTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1397174:GTAC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1397175:TACCT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1401563:GTTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1401564:TTACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1401565:TACCT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1401566:ACCTT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1401569:TTGCC:T	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1401700:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:1401700:CCCTG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:1401701:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:1401702:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:1401703:T:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:1403164:TCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1403165:CA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1403166:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1403166:A:AT	donor_loss	1.0000
16:1403167:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1403167:CCTGA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
16:1403340:GACAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4423 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000143288 (16:1395910 T>A), RS1000238481 (16:1364473 G>A), RS1000274208 (16:1388590 C>G), RS1000319282 (16:1408339 G>A,T), RS1000319687 (16:1399921 G>A,T), RS1000366525 (16:1375517 G>A), RS1000403513 (16:1379654 G>A), RS1000419012 (16:1375411 C>A), RS1000426372 (16:1404005 G>A,C), RS1000501005 (16:1384468 C>T), RS1000501497 (16:1412486 C>G,T), RS1000515215 (16:1396087 G>A), RS1000546468 (16:1404707 C>A), RS1000574660 (16:1384322 G>C,T), RS1000590221 (16:1404133 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:617463 | disease phenotypes: MIM:252605

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
Tourette syndrome	No Known Disease Relationship	Unknown

Mondo (2): GNPTG-mucolipidosis (MONDO:0009652), Tourette syndrome (MONDO:0007661)

Orphanet (2): Mucolipidosis type III gamma (Orphanet:423470), Mucolipidosis type III (Orphanet:577)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST010002_107	Refractive error	6.000000e-18
GCST010146_35	Serum immune biomarker levels	7.000000e-13

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004869	YKL40 measurement
EFO:0004872	inflammatory biomarker measurement

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D005879	Tourette Syndrome	C10.228.140.079.898; C10.228.662.825.800; C10.574.500.850; C16.320.400.820; F03.625.992.850
C565367	Mucolipidosis III Gamma (supp.)

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

54 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	increases abundance, increases expression, affects cotreatment	6
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects expression, increases methylation	6
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, increases expression, increases methylation	5
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression, increases expression	3
Arsenic	increases expression, affects methylation, decreases methylation, affects cotreatment, increases abundance	3
cupric chloride	increases expression	2
mercuric bromide	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Acetaminophen	increases expression, decreases expression	2
Air Pollutants	affects expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	increases expression	2
Cyclosporine	increases expression	2
p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
FR900359	increases phosphorylation	1
dicrotophos	increases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
bisphenol A	affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1
lead acetate	increases expression	1
trichostatin A	decreases expression	1
beta-lapachone	decreases expression	1
sulforaphane	increases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	increases expression	1
butyraldehyde	decreases expression	1
9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene	increases expression	1
manganese chloride	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	1
benzo(e)pyrene	increases methylation	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects response to substance, increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
2-palmitoylglycerol	increases expression	1
K 7174	increases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

183 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00152750	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Study of Clonidine on Sleep Architecture in Children With Tourette’s Syndrome (TS) and Comorbid ADHD
NCT00226824	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Safety Study of Galantamine in Tic Disorders
NCT00241176	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Open Label Trial of Aripiprazole in Children and Adolescents With Tourette’s Disorder
NCT00370838	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Keppra and Clonidine in the Treatment of Tics
NCT01018056	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Developing New Treatments for Tourette Syndrome: Therapeutic Trials With Modulators of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission
NCT01547000	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Guanfacine in Children With Tic Disorders
NCT03239210	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Ondansetron in Obsessive-compulsive and Tic Disorders
NCT00004376	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Guanfacine for Tourette Syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
NCT00206323	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Tourette Syndrome Study.
NCT00206336	PHASE3	COMPLETED	An Open-label Study to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of Topiramate in the Treatment of Tourette Syndrome.
NCT00478842	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Pallidal Stimulation and Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome
NCT00681863	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Open-label Extension Study of Pramipexole in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome
NCT01501695	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Phase III Study of 5LGr to Treat Tic Disorder
NCT03087201	PHASE3	COMPLETED	CANNAbinoids in the Treatment of TICS (CANNA-TICS)
NCT03487783	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Aripiprazole Oral Solution in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Tourette’s Syndrome
NCT03567291	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Evaluation of Safety and Tolerability of Long-term TEV-50717 (Deutetrabenazine) for Treatment of Tourette Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
NCT03571256	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study to Test if TEV-50717 is Effective in Relieving Tics Associated With Tourette Syndrome (TS)
NCT06021522	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Study to Evaluate Long-term Safety of Ecopipam Tablets in Children, Adolescents and Adults With Tourette’s Disorder
NCT00004393	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Phase II Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial of Risperidone in Tourette Syndrome
NCT00004652	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Phase II Pilot Controlled Study of Short Vs Longer Term Pimozide (Orap) Therapy in Tourette Syndrome
NCT00231985	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Behavior Therapy and Psychosocial Therapy for the Treatment of Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder
NCT00311909	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for Tourette Syndrome
NCT00529308	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) for Individuals With Tourette’s Syndrome
NCT00558467	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Pramipexole Pilot Phase II Study in Children and Adolescents With Tourette Disorder According to DSM-IV Criteria
NCT01043549	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Posterior Parietal Cortex in Patients Suffering From Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome
NCT01133353	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	A Study of the Effectiveness and Safety of Tetrabenazine MR in Pediatric Subjects With Tourette’s Syndrome
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