VASP

Summary

VASP (vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein, HGNC:12652) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19q13.32, encoding Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (P50552). Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance, lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics, platelet activation and cell migration.

Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) is a member of the Ena-VASP protein family. Ena-VASP family members contain an EHV1 N-terminal domain that binds proteins containing E/DFPPPPXD/E motifs and targets Ena-VASP proteins to focal adhesions. In the mid-region of the protein, family members have a proline-rich domain that binds SH3 and WW domain-containing proteins. Their C-terminal EVH2 domain mediates tetramerization and binds both G and F actin. VASP is associated with filamentous actin formation and likely plays a widespread role in cell adhesion and motility. VASP may also be involved in the intracellular signaling pathways that regulate integrin-extracellular matrix interactions. VASP is regulated by the cyclic nucleotide-dependent kinases PKA and PKG.

Source: NCBI Gene 7408 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 34 total
• Regional missense constraint (gnomAD): 1 of 4 regions constrained (≈5% of expected missense variation)
• GTEx eGene: eQTL in 16 tissues, sQTL in 31 (q < 0.05)
• Constraint (gnomAD): pLI 0.00 (LoF-tolerant), LOEUF 0.75 (unconstrained)
• MANE Select transcript: NM_003370
• Interaction hub: 2,016 STRING partners (top 7% of genes corpus-wide)

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:12652
Approved symbol	VASP
Name	vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein
Location	19q13.32
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000125753
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	601703
Entrez	7408

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 40 — 23 protein_coding, 12 nonsense_mediated_decay, 4 retained_intron, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

MANE Select: ENST00000245932

Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported): TSL 1: 1, TSL 2: 6, TSL 3: 2, TSL 5: 2

ENST00000245932, ENST00000586014, ENST00000586619, ENST00000587444, ENST00000588273, ENST00000588463, ENST00000588482, ENST00000589627, ENST00000590459, ENST00000590603, ENST00000592139, ENST00000705986, ENST00000705987, ENST00000862924, ENST00000862925, ENST00000862926, ENST00000862927, ENST00000862928, ENST00000862929, ENST00000916557, ENST00000916558, ENST00000916559, ENST00000916560, ENST00000916561, ENST00000916562, ENST00000916563, ENST00000916564, ENST00000916565, ENST00000952562, ENST00001007049, ENST00001007050, ENST00001007051, ENST00001007052, ENST00001007053, ENST00001009636, ENST00001085135, ENST00001085136, ENST00001085137, ENST00001085138, ENST00001135582

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_003370 NM_003370

CCDS: CCDS33051

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000245932 — 13 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000858231	45521322	45521406
ENSE00000858233	45522340	45522581
ENSE00001112676	45526140	45526983
ENSE00001375539	45507479	45507776
ENSE00003490354	45523644	45523695
ENSE00003496624	45524097	45524142
ENSE00003572258	45524570	45524660
ENSE00003577795	45522718	45522818
ENSE00003620729	45525946	45526003
ENSE00003626970	45517929	45518094
ENSE00003672473	45523841	45523877
ENSE00003675557	45522168	45522217
ENSE00003791075	45517663	45517834

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 257 present calls, max score 98.76.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 156.0280 / max 5345.2021, expressed in 1828 samples.

Highest expression (Bgee): granulocyte, monocyte, leukocyte, mononuclear cell, mucosa of transverse colon.

Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL)

VASP is an eGene in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in 16 tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in 31 (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant’s alternative allele.

showing 20 of 47 significant tissue × QTL associations:

Tissue	QTL	q-value	Slope	Lead variant
Whole Blood	sqtl	1.4e-143	-1.15	19:45523712:T:A
Adipose Subcutaneous	sqtl	4.1e-52	-1.01	19:45523712:T:A
Artery Tibial	sqtl	2.3e-45	-1.05	19:45523712:T:A
Esophagus Muscularis	sqtl	8.8e-44	-1.14	19:45523712:T:A
Colon Transverse	sqtl	8.6e-41	-1.04	19:45523712:T:A
Lung	sqtl	3.3e-40	-0.97	19:45532204:A:T
Breast Mammary Tissue	sqtl	3.7e-32	+1.02	19:45523712:T:A
Adipose Visceral Omentum	sqtl	1.3e-30	-0.91	19:45523712:T:A
Colon Sigmoid	sqtl	5.9e-30	-1.15	19:45523712:T:A
Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg	sqtl	3.5e-29	-0.79	19:45523712:T:A
Nerve Tibial	sqtl	5.2e-28	+0.81	19:45531253:A:G
Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic	sqtl	2.1e-27	+0.81	19:45527621:T:C
Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes	sqtl	6.8e-27	-1.20	19:45523712:T:A
Artery Aorta	sqtl	4.9e-26	-1.01	19:45523712:T:A
Cells Cultured fibroblasts	sqtl	8.0e-25	-0.70	19:45532204:A:T
Esophagus Gastroesophageal Junction	sqtl	6.8e-22	-1.06	19:45523712:T:A
Esophagus Mucosa	sqtl	8.9e-19	-0.79	19:45531253:A:G
Thyroid	sqtl	4.0e-18	+0.75	19:45527153:A:G
Spleen	sqtl	7.8e-16	-1.08	19:45523712:T:A
Small Intestine Terminal Ileum	sqtl	5.5e-11	-1.12	19:45523712:T:A

FANTOM5 promoters

5 alternative TSS:

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
176490	152.7382	1828
176489	2.2219	1022
176494	0.5814	314
176493	0.3232	137
176495	0.1633	45

Top tissues by expression

showing 100 of 283 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	98.76	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	98.70	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	98.53	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	98.49	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	97.87	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	97.59	gold quality
saphenous vein	UBERON:0007318	97.59	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	97.53	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	97.46	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	97.41	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	97.38	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	97.38	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	97.18	gold quality
sigmoid colon	UBERON:0001159	97.02	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	96.76	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	96.72	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	96.71	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	96.63	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	96.61	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	96.60	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	96.53	gold quality
large intestine	UBERON:0000059	96.45	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	96.44	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	96.39	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	96.31	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	96.30	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	96.21	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	96.21	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	96.14	gold quality
upper lobe of lung	UBERON:0008948	96.14	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	95.94	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	95.85	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	95.83	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	95.80	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	95.77	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	95.76	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	95.65	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	95.41	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	95.39	gold quality
mucosa of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0004993	95.18	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	95.17	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	95.16	gold quality
fundus of stomach	UBERON:0001160	95.08	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	94.96	gold quality
colonic mucosa	UBERON:0000317	94.84	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	94.70	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	94.61	gold quality
pylorus	UBERON:0001166	94.52	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	94.52	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	94.51	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	94.31	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	94.19	gold quality
pancreatic ductal cell	CL:0002079	94.11	gold quality
superior surface of tongue	UBERON:0007371	94.02	gold quality
vena cava	UBERON:0004087	93.71	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	93.47	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	93.40	gold quality
caecum	UBERON:0001153	93.39	gold quality
cardia of stomach	UBERON:0001162	93.14	gold quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	93.14	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	93.09	gold quality
superficial temporal artery	UBERON:0001614	93.05	silver quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	93.04	gold quality
myometrium	UBERON:0001296	92.94	gold quality
nipple	UBERON:0002030	92.60	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	92.58	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	92.56	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	92.54	gold quality
lower lobe of lung	UBERON:0008949	92.54	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	92.45	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	92.42	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	92.25	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	92.20	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	92.10	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	91.98	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	91.96	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	91.95	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	91.86	gold quality
trachea	UBERON:0003126	91.84	gold quality
pharyngeal mucosa	UBERON:0000355	91.74	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	91.71	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	91.68	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	91.64	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	91.60	gold quality
lung	UBERON:0002048	91.48	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	91.46	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	91.28	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	91.26	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	91.23	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	91.07	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	91.02	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	90.95	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	90.90	gold quality
mouth mucosa	UBERON:0003729	90.73	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	90.56	gold quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	90.44	gold quality
tongue	UBERON:0001723	90.13	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	90.10	gold quality
cauda epididymis	UBERON:0004360	89.99	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	89.98	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 6 experiment(s), a significant marker in 6.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-112	yes	34.53
E-HCAD-4	yes	28.40
E-HCAD-6	yes	25.29
E-ANND-3	yes	20.03
E-HCAD-10	yes	16.55
E-MTAB-8498	yes	10.60

HPA expression

RNA tissue specificity: Low tissue specificity

showing 60 of 80 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM:

Tissue / cell	Axis	nTPM	Protein (IHC)
Bone marrow	tissue	169.9	high
Tonsil	tissue	109.3	high
Spleen	tissue	107.0	high
Urinary bladder	tissue	104.0	high
Appendix	tissue	102.4	high
Smooth muscle	tissue	102.1	medium
Colon	tissue	100.3	high
Stomach 1	tissue	87.7	high
Lymph node	tissue	86.5	high
Rectum	tissue	78.8	high
Small intestine	tissue	71.3	high
Duodenum	tissue	70.6	high
Seminal vesicle	tissue	68.2	medium
Lung	tissue	68.2	high
Adipose tissue	tissue	61.2	low
Placenta	tissue	60.6	high
Gallbladder	tissue	58.6	high
Thymus	tissue	49.6
Esophagus	tissue	48.3	medium
Prostate	tissue	47.1	high
Endometrium 1	tissue	45.1	high
Skin 1	tissue	41.1	high
Vagina	tissue	38.9	medium
Liver	tissue	35.3	high
Cervix	tissue	33.9	high
Heart muscle	tissue	31.5	not detected
Epididymis	tissue	31.0	medium
Choroid plexus	tissue	28.0
Fallopian tube	tissue	27.6	high
Breast	tissue	26.9	high
Spinal cord	tissue	25.2
Adrenal gland	tissue	24.8	medium
Parathyroid gland	tissue	23.6	medium
Salivary gland	tissue	23.5	medium
Ovary	tissue	22.5	medium
Locus coeruleus	tissue	22.3
Pancreas	tissue	22.1	high
Substantia nigra	tissue	21.4
Hippocampus	tissue	20.7	low
Tongue	tissue	20.1
Medulla oblongata	tissue	20.1
Thyroid gland	tissue	19.8	medium
Superior colliculi	tissue	19.7
Kidney	tissue	19.2	medium
Pons	tissue	18.5
Midbrain	tissue	18.3
Thalamus	tissue	18.1
Hypothalamus	tissue	17.9
Pituitary gland	tissue	17.4
Periaqueductal gray	tissue	16.5
Corpus callosum	tissue	15.9
Nucleus accumbens	tissue	15.4
Hippocampal formation	tissue	15.0
Septum	tissue	13.9
Postcentral gyrus	tissue	13.1
Amygdala	tissue	12.4
Putamen	tissue	12.0
Cerebral cortex	tissue	11.9	medium
Ventral forebrain	tissue	11.9
Somatosensory cortex	tissue	11.9

Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas): detected in 192; highest nTPM — Blood vessel (81.2), Anterior thalamic nucleus, ventral (38.2), Lateral vestibular nucleus (33.8), Peritrigeminal nucleus (31.9), Ventrolateral tegmental area, A5 NE cell group (31.9).

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): FOXO1, FOXO3, HIF1A, NFKB

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

Targeting VASP by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific).

showing 30 of 104 miRNAs:

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5011-5P	100.00	83.46	5820
HSA-MIR-190A-3P	100.00	80.35	5520
HSA-MIR-1277-5P	100.00	73.95	5056
HSA-MIR-4455	100.00	65.48	1587
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-6748-5P	100.00	65.81	1057
HSA-MIR-5196-5P	100.00	67.98	2761
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-4481	100.00	66.42	1669
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-3667-3P	99.99	67.17	1636
HSA-MIR-548AJ-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-548X-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-548AA	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-548AP-3P	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-548T-3P	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-551B-5P	99.96	71.28	3493
HSA-MIR-3910	99.95	71.13	2227
HSA-MIR-548J-3P	99.94	72.61	4881
HSA-MIR-548AE-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-548AH-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AM-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AQ-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-22-3P	99.93	68.13	917
HSA-MIR-106A-5P	99.90	73.94	2683
HSA-MIR-17-5P	99.89	73.83	2665
HSA-MIR-7162-3P	99.89	68.16	1682
HSA-MIR-106B-5P	99.88	74.72	2795
HSA-MIR-20A-5P	99.88	74.76	2769
HSA-MIR-20B-5P	99.88	74.01	2621

Functional genomics

gnomAD constraint: pLI 0.000133, LOEUF 0.746, missense Z 0.0961 — population loss-of-function intolerance (pLI ≥ 0.9 = LoF-intolerant; lower LOEUF = more constrained). gnomAD

Regional missense constraint (gnomAD)

ENST00000245932 splits into 4 regions with different missense tolerance; 1 is missense-constrained (≈5% of the expected missense variation). Missense variants in a constrained region (low observed/expected) are more likely to be pathogenic. gnomAD

Region (GRCh38)	Missense obs / exp	o/e	Constrained
19:45,507,772–45,521,325	127 / 170.7	0.74	no
19:45,521,326–45,522,756	226 / 196.0	1.15	no
19:45,522,757–45,522,809	9 / 26.9	0.33	yes (p 5.5e-04)
19:45,522,810–45,526,174	126 / 134.8	0.94	no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Results show that VASP is expressed in a cell-specific and trimester-specific manner in the human placenta, and may be important for blastocyst implantation and placental develpoment. (PMID:11756574)
• Data show that phosphorylation of VASP is dynamically regulated by cellular adhesion to extracellular matrix. (PMID:12087107)
• The C-terminal fragment of VASP (336-380) forms a tetramer in solution via a coiled coil arrangement and is solely responsible for tetramerization of full-length VASP. (PMID:12220179)
• These results suggest that VASP may participate in vasculogenesis and endothelial sprouting during placental vasculogenesis (PMID:12397215)
• The platelet VASP shift is modified during coronary perfusion, and this modification correlates with mononuclear infiltration in the graft. (PMID:12566781)
• Phosphorylation of VASP induced by either cGMP analogs or a nitric oxide donor is inhibited by PKA; PKA plays a predominant role in the cGMP-induced phosphorylation of VASP and platelet inhibition in human platelets. (PMID:12576312)
• laminar shear stress can induce VASP translocation and phosphorylation in HUVECs, leading to actin filaments rearrangement, aligning cells along the flow direction. (PMID:12652017)
• These findings show that vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein and diaphanous 1 function cooperatively downstream of Rho to control F-actin assembly and serum response factor activity. (PMID:12805219)
• VASP, an important component of the cellular microfilament system, plays a major role in regulating serum response element-dependent transcription (PMID:14679200)
• M10 carries Mena/VASP from the root to the tip of the filopodia where extension of actin filament takes place (PMID:15158464)
• VASP phosphorylation at serine157 is required for the growth-stimulatory effect of transfected human VASP in rodent SMCs, whereas VASP phosphorylation at serine239 is involved in the growth inhibitory effects of NO on SMCs. (PMID:15178555)
• The basis for the right-handed geometry of VASP TD is a 15-residue repeat in its amino acid sequence, which reveals a characteristic pattern of hydrophobic residues (PMID:15569942)
• VASP is phosphorylated in patients with ischemic cardiovascular diseases and clopidogrel resistance (PMID:15634270)
• Galpha13-induced VASP phosphorylation that involves activation of RhoA and MEKK1, phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaB, release of PKA catalytic subunit from the complex with IkappaB and NF-kappaB, and subsequent phosphorylation of VASP (PMID:16046415)
• Rho kinase and PKC were identified as the major kinases that phosphorylate VASP Ser157 in response to thrombin in human platelets. (PMID:16197368)
• Migfilin has a role in interacting with vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and regulates VASP localization to cell-matrix adhesions and migration (PMID:16531412)
• VASP is a new AMP-activated protein kinase substrate (PMID:17082196)
• VASP may play a role in assembling and stabilizing the mitotic spindle of cells, and phosphorylation of the protein is the precondition for it to exert this function. (PMID:17167837)
• RSV resistance in a minority of clones was due to mono-allelic disruption of the cellular gene for VASP. (PMID:17351763)
• VASP phosphorylation may have a role in the individual response to clopidogrel loading dose prior to percutaneous coronary intervention (PMID:17488353)
• Data show that phosphorylation of Ser239 of VASP results in loss of lamellipodial protrusions and cell rounding, and is a powerful means of controlling directed actin polymerization within lamellipodia. (PMID:17684063)
• analysis of the structural basis of profilin-actin complexes during filament elongation by Ena/VASP (PMID:17914456)
• VASP has a role in increased impaired platelet responsiveness in patients with subacute stent thrombosis (PMID:17938817)
• Determination of VASP phosphorylation is superior to conventional platelet aggregometry and angiographic parameters for assessing the risk of stent thrombosis. (PMID:18064332)
• VASP phosphorylation demonstrated concordance across the response range of P2Y(12) receptor blockade following thienopyridine administration. (PMID:18217157)
• Examine prothrombotic status in low responder patients to clopidogrel indentified by VASP analysis. (PMID:18278200)
• Vasoactive gases CO and NO promote cytoskeletal changes through site- and cell type-specific VASP phosphorylation, and in diabetes, blunted responses to these agents may lead to reduced vascular repair and tissue perfusion (PMID:18559661)
• H2O2 in the absence of NO or exogenous haem- containing proteins induces nitration of platelet VASP (PMID:18569864)
• These results indicate that force-mediated adhesion strengthening occurs in endothelial adherens junctions and that dynamic VASP activity is necessary for this process. (PMID:18680720)
• Positive regulation of migration and invasion by vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein via Rac1 pathway in human breast cancer cells. (PMID:18813837)
• The antiplatelet effects of cilostazol intake could be evaluated by measuring VASP phosphorylation levels and maximal aggregation rates in platelets by ex vivo treatment with a low concentration of PGE(1). (PMID:18832777)
• VASP associated with nucleophosmin-ALK, and its phosphorylation required ALK activity. (PMID:18845790)
• Data show that both human and Dictyostelium VASP are directly involved in accelerating actin filament elongation by delivering monomeric actin to the growing barbed end. (PMID:18923426)
• Assessment of VASP index in acute coronary syndrome patients identifies low responders to clopidogrel who are at increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. (PMID:19059569)
• LPA receptor-induced VASP phosphorylation is a critical mediator of tumor cell migration initiation (PMID:19081821)
• Data demonstrate that profilin-1 downregulation results in a hyper-motile phenotype of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in an Ena/VASP-dependent mechanism. (PMID:19115233)
• Data provide the first demonstration that direct interaction of VASP with CXCR2 is essential for proper CXCR2 function and demonstrate a crucial role for VASP in mediating chemotaxis in leukocytes. (PMID:19435808)
• Results from the VASP-02 (Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein-02) randomized study which used guided switching to clopidogrel 150 mg/day after 2 weeks in low responders. (PMID:19463377)
• These results identify tissue-specific VASP as a central protein in the control of the alveolar-capillary barrier properties during acute lung injury. (PMID:19690214)
• VASP phosphorylation at serine239 regulates cytoskeleton remodeling. (PMID:19798690)

Cross-species orthologs

6 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	vaspb	ENSDARG00000017105
danio_rerio	vaspa	ENSDARG00000099690
mus_musculus	Vasp	ENSMUSG00000030403
rattus_norvegicus	Vasp	ENSRNOG00000016367
drosophila_melanogaster	ena	FBGN0000578
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00006770

Paralogs (5): ENAH (ENSG00000154380), SPRED1 (ENSG00000166068), SPRED3 (ENSG00000188766), EVL (ENSG00000196405), SPRED2 (ENSG00000198369)

Mouse-model phenotypes

Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog (MGI:109268) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 4 distinct phenotype terms.

Mouse phenotype (MP)	Records
abnormal platelet physiology	1
abnormal platelet activation	1
increased megakaryocyte cell number	1
increased platelet aggregation	1

Additional cross-species homologs

Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara’s model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions’ gene symbols aren’t in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession.

Organism	UniProt	Identity	Method
Pongo abelii	Q5RDN2	99.5%	Diamond
Xenopus laevis	Q64GL0	89.0%	Diamond
Canis lupus familiaris	P50551	86.2%	Diamond
Bos taurus	Q2TA49	86.2%	Diamond
Xenopus tropicalis	Q5Y171	75.5%	Diamond
Dictyostelium discoideum	Q5TJ65	38.4%	Diamond

Genomic neighbors (locus context)

Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that).

Symbol	Type	Entrez
OPA3-RTN2	protein-coding	144667540
PPM1N	protein-coding	147699
RTN2	protein-coding	6253
TRU-TCA1-1	tRNA	7234
OPA3	protein-coding	80207
GPR4	protein-coding	2828
EML2	protein-coding	24139
MIR330	ncRNA	442902
EML2-AS1	ncRNA	100287177
FOSB	protein-coding	2354

Protein

Protein identifiers

Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein — P50552 (reviewed: P50552)

All UniProt accessions (10): A0A024R0V4, A0A0S2Z4H6, A0A994J508, A0A994J7X3, K7EIG8, K7EM16, K7ENL7, K7ENR7, K7EQD0, P50552

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance, lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics, platelet activation and cell migration. VASP promotes actin filament elongation. It protects the barbed end of growing actin filaments against capping and increases the rate of actin polymerization in the presence of capping protein. VASP stimulates actin filament elongation by promoting the transfer of profilin-bound actin monomers onto the barbed end of growing actin filaments. Plays a role in actin-based mobility of Listeria monocytogenes in host cells. Regulates actin dynamics in platelets and plays an important role in regulating platelet aggregation.

Subunit / interactions. Homotetramer. Interacts with PFN1, PFN2, LPP, ACTN1 and ACTG1. Interacts, via the EVH1 domain, with the Pro-rich regions of ZYX. This interaction is important for targeting to focal adhesions and the formation of actin-rich structures at the apical surface of cells. Interacts, via the EVH1 domain, with the Pro-rich domain of Listeria monocytogenes actA. Interacts with APBB1IP. Interacts, via the Pro-rich domain, with the C-terminal SH3 domain of DNMBP. Interacts weakly with MEFV.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Cell junction. Focal adhesion. Tight junction. Cell projection. Lamellipodium membrane. Filopodium membrane.

Tissue specificity. Highly expressed in platelets.

Post-translational modifications. Major substrate for cAMP-dependent (PKA) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) in platelets. The preferred site for PKA is Ser-157, the preferred site for PKG/PRKG1, Ser-239. In ADP-activated platelets, phosphorylation by PKA or PKG on Ser-157 leads to fibrinogen receptor inhibition. Phosphorylation on Thr-278 requires prior phosphorylation on Ser-157 and Ser-239. In response to phorbol ester (PMA) stimulation, phosphorylated by PKC/PRKCA. In response to thrombin, phosphorylated by both PKC and ROCK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-278 by AMPK does not require prior phosphorylation at Ser-157 or Ser-239. Phosphorylation at Ser-157 by PKA is required for localization to the tight junctions in epithelial cells. Phosphorylation modulates F-actin binding, actin filament elongation and platelet activation. Phosphorylation at Ser-322 by AMPK also alters actin filament binding. Carbon monoxide (CO) promotes phosphorylation at Ser-157, while nitric oxide (NO) promotes phosphorylation at Ser-157, but also at Ser-239. Response to NO and CO is blunted in platelets from diabetic patients, and VASP is not phosphorylated efficiently at Ser-157 and Ser-239.

Domain organisation. The EVH2 domain is comprised of 3 regions. Block A is a thymosin-like domain required for G-actin binding. The KLKR motif within this block is essential for the G-actin binding and for actin polymerization. Block B is required for F-actin binding and subcellular location, and Block C for tetramerization. The WH1 domain mediates interaction with XIRP1.

Miscellaneous. VASP phosphorylation is used to monitor the effect of so-called antiplatelet drugs that reduce platelet reactivity and are used to prevent stent thrombosis, strokes and heart attacks in patients at risk for these problems.

Similarity. Belongs to the Ena/VASP family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_003361* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000697	WH1/EVH1_dom	Domain
IPR011993	PH-like_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR014885	VASP_tetra	Domain
IPR017354	VASP/EVL	Family
IPR038023	VASP_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00568, PF08776

UniProt features (54 total): modified residue 14, strand 8, region of interest 6, mutagenesis site 6, helix 4, compositionally biased region 3, repeat 2, sequence variant 2, sequence conflict 2, turn 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, coiled-coil region 1, short sequence motif 1, domain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

11 structures by resolution:

PDB	Title	Method	Resolution (Å)
1USE	human VASP tetramerisation domain	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.3
2PBD	Ternary complex of profilin-actin with the poly-PRO-GAB domain of VASP*	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.5
1USD	human VASP tetramerisation domain L352M	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.7
2PAV	Ternary complex of Profilin-Actin with the Last Poly-Pro of Human VASP	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.8
3CHW	Complex of Dictyostelium discoideum Actin with Profilin and the Last Poly-Pro of Human …	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.3
9UB1	The structure of Myanmar_N2 and M6B12_Fab complex	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.35
8YVL	Neuraminidase of A/California/04/2009 HIN1 in complex with CAV-F34 Fab	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.47
9UAX	The structure of Myanmar_N2 and AS4C_Fab complex	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.71
8GAT	Structure of human NDS.1 Fab and 1G01 Fab in complex with influenza virus neuraminidase …	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3
8GAU	Structure of human NDS.1 Fab and 1G01 Fab in complex with influenza virus neuraminidase …	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.6
1EGX	SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF THE ENA-VASP HOMOLOGY 1 (EVH1) DOMAIN OF HUMAN …	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P50552-F1	71.43	0.38

Antibody-complex structures (SAbDab)

3 antibodies co-crystallized with this protein: 8GAT, 8GAU, 8YVL

Human Protein Atlas

Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins, Plasma proteins

Protein evidence: Evidence at protein level

Subcellular location (HPA, imaging): cell junctions; focal adhesion sites; plasma membrane

Antibody reliability (HPA): IH enhanced · IF supported

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (14)

Type	Positions
N-acetylserine	2
Phosphotyrosine	39
Phosphoserine	46, 157, 239, 305, 314, 322, 323, 325
Phosphothreonine	278, 284, 316
N6-acetyllysine	283

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (6)

Position	Phenotype
157	promotes f-actin assembly; when associated with a-239 and a-278. interferes with f-actin assembly; when associated with a-239 and e-278.
239	promotes f-actin assembly; when associated with a-157 and a-278. interferes with f-actin assembly; when associated with a-157 and e-278.
278	promotes f-actin assembly; when associated with a-157 and a-239.
278	interferes with f-actin assembly; when associated with a-157 and a-239.
370	lower stability of tetramerization domain.
370	no change in stability of tetramerization domain.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 curated (TAS) of 11; 0 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference).

11 pathways:

ID	Pathway	Evidence
R-HSA-446353	Cell-extracellular matrix interactions	curated
R-HSA-1280218	Adaptive Immune System	—
R-HSA-422475	Axon guidance	—
R-HSA-446728	Cell junction organization	—
R-HSA-1500931	Cell-Cell communication	—
R-HSA-1266738	Developmental Biology	—
R-HSA-202433	Generation of second messenger molecules	electronic
R-HSA-168256	Immune System	—
R-HSA-9675108	Nervous system development	—
R-HSA-376176	Signaling by ROBO receptors	electronic
R-HSA-202403	TCR signaling	—

MSigDB gene sets: 370 (showing top): GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD11B_DC_DN, GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_BCELL_UP, GOBP_MORPHOGENESIS_OF_AN_EPITHELIUM, AGGAAGC_MIR5163P, AP1_01, GOBP_EMBRYO_DEVELOPMENT_ENDING_IN_BIRTH_OR_EGG_HATCHING, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_POLYMERIZATION, WWTAAGGC_UNKNOWN, GOBP_PROTEIN_HOMOTETRAMERIZATION, SWEET_KRAS_ONCOGENIC_SIGNATURE, REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, RORA1_01, LFA1_Q6, ENK_UV_RESPONSE_KERATINOCYTE_UP

GO Biological Process (5): neural tube closure (GO:0001843), axon guidance (GO:0007411), actin polymerization or depolymerization (GO:0008154), positive regulation of actin filament polymerization (GO:0030838), protein homotetramerization (GO:0051289)

GO Molecular Function (6): actin binding (GO:0003779), profilin binding (GO:0005522), SH3 domain binding (GO:0017124), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), cadherin binding (GO:0045296), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (15): cytosol (GO:0005829), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), bicellular tight junction (GO:0005923), focal adhesion (GO:0005925), actin cytoskeleton (GO:0015629), cell junction (GO:0030054), lamellipodium membrane (GO:0031258), filopodium membrane (GO:0031527), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), postsynapse (GO:0098794), glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), lamellipodium (GO:0030027), filopodium (GO:0030175)

Reactome top-level categories

8 top-level categories:

Category	Pathways
TCR signaling	1
Axon guidance	1
Cell junction organization	1
Immune System	1
Adaptive Immune System	1
Nervous system development	1
Cell-Cell communication	1
Developmental Biology	1

GO top-level categories

36 GO namespaces:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	4
protein binding	2
cell projection membrane	2
synapse	2
primary neural tube formation	1
tube closure	1
axonogenesis	1
neuron projection guidance	1
actin filament organization	1
actin filament polymerization	1
regulation of actin filament polymerization	1
positive regulation of protein polymerization	1
positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization	1
positive regulation of supramolecular fiber organization	1
protein homooligomerization	1
protein tetramerization	1
cytoskeletal protein binding	1
protein domain specific binding	1
cell adhesion molecule binding	1
binding	1
cytoplasm	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
apical junction complex	1
tight junction	1
cell-substrate junction	1
cytoskeleton	1
lamellipodium	1
leading edge membrane	1
filopodium	1
extracellular vesicle	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
cell leading edge	1
plasma membrane bounded cell projection	1
actin-based cell projection	1

Experimentally-supported GO annotations

GO terms backed by direct experimental evidence (ECO experimental codes) — 7 of 26 annotations. The rest are phylogenetic / computational / electronic (IEA).

7 experimentally-supported GO terms:

GO term	NS	Evidence
positive regulation of actin filament polymerization	BP	direct assay
cell junction	CC	direct assay
extracellular exosome	CC	high-throughput assay
focal adhesion	CC	direct assay
plasma membrane	CC	direct assay
cadherin binding	MF	high-throughput assay
profilin binding	MF	physical interaction

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

showing 15 of 2,016 interactions by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
VASP	ZYX	Q15942	943
VASP	PFN4	Q8NHR9	931
VASP	PFN3	P60673	929
VASP	VCL	P18206	915
VASP	PFN1	P07737	915
VASP	TLN1	Q9Y490	904
VASP	RAPH1	Q70E73	902
VASP	TLN2	Q9Y4G6	883
VASP	PXN	P49023	870
VASP	APBB1IP	Q7Z5R6	792
VASP	CFL1	P23528	786
VASP	CFL2	Q9Y281	785
VASP	GPKOW	Q92917	773
VASP	CDC42	P21181	766
VASP	WIPF1	O43516	736

IntAct

Human interaction partners of VASP in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records).

showing 30 of 46 partners by confidence:

Partner	Interaction type	MIscore	Records
ZYX	physical association	0.800	3
ABI2	physical association	0.740	5
CEP43	association	0.740	4
ABI3	physical association	0.720	9
TRIM9	physical association	0.670	4
BAIAP2	direct interaction	0.650	6
XIRP1	physical association	0.650	5
PSORS1C2	physical association	0.600	4
ABI1	physical association	0.560	3
SCGB2A2	physical association	0.560	3
HSPA8	physical association	0.560	1
PFN1	physical association	0.560	1
RPS6KA1	physical association	0.540	4
GTPBP1	association	0.530	3
EVL	association	0.530	1
NR4A1	physical association	0.520	2
NSMAF	physical association	0.500	2
MYO10	direct interaction	0.490	3
DMRTB1	physical association	0.490	2
FRS3	physical association	0.490	2
SAT1	physical association	0.490	2
ACTG1	proximity	0.480	1
FAF2	direct interaction	0.440	2
AEBP1	direct interaction	0.440	1
MAGED1	direct interaction	0.440	1
MRPL43	direct interaction	0.440	1
PPP2CA	dephosphorylation reaction	0.440	1
PRKACA	phosphorylation reaction	0.440	1
PRKG1	phosphorylation reaction	0.440	1
SHROOM3	direct interaction	0.440	1

BioGRID (426 interactions; top human partners by supporting records): ENAH (Affinity Capture-MS; 10 records), EVL (Affinity Capture-MS; 9 records), ZYX (Affinity Capture-MS; 8 records), PFN2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 6 records), PFN1 (Two-hybrid; 5 records), ABI1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 4 records), ACTB (Proximity Label-MS; 4 records), FGFR1OP (Two-hybrid; 4 records), CIRH1A (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), CTU1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), GPHN (Affinity Capture-Western; 3 records), GTPBP1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), TACC3 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), TEAD4 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), TES (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records)

SIGNOR signaling

showing 14 of 20 signaling interactions:

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PRKG1	unknown	VASP	phosphorylation
PRKACA	unknown	VASP	phosphorylation
PRKAA2	down-regulates	VASP	phosphorylation
RPS6KA1	down-regulates	VASP	phosphorylation
AMPK	down-regulates	VASP	phosphorylation
RPS6K	down-regulates	VASP	phosphorylation
PKA	“up-regulates activity”	VASP	phosphorylation
PRKG1	“down-regulates activity”	VASP	phosphorylation
VASP	up-regulates	Axonal_growth_cone_formation
VASP	up-regulates	Neurite_outgrowth
RAPH1	“up-regulates activity”	VASP	binding
VASP	“up-regulates activity”	ATIC	phosphorylation
TRIM9	“down-regulates quantity”	VASP	ubiquitination
PRKG1	down-regulates	VASP	phosphorylation

Protein complexes (CORUM) (3)

Experimentally-characterized complexes this protein is a subunit of (★ = the complex contains a known drug target).

3 complexes by size:

Complex	Subunits	Members
★ PRKCD-VASP complex	2	PRKCD, VASP
APBB1IP-VASP complex	2	APBB1IP, VASP
CXCR2-VASP complex, CXCL8-stimulated	2	CXCR2, VASP

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 46 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Parasite infection	7	78.1×	4e-10
Leishmania phagocytosis	7	78.1×	4e-10
Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosis	7	62.9×	8e-10
RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs	6	61.4×	2e-08
Signaling by VEGF	6	42.5×	2e-07
FCGR3A-mediated phagocytosis	7	42.3×	1e-08
Leishmania infection	8	42.1×	8e-10
Parasitic Infection Pathways	8	42.1×	8e-10

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
actin filament organization	6	16.6×	2e-04

Disease & clinical

Genetic variants

Variant evidence for VASP: 34 ClinVar records (0 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); 1 PharmGKB clinical annotation; 1 GWAS association.

ClinVar

34 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	21
Likely benign	1
Benign	1

SpliceAI

Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 27 predictions of 948):

Position(s)	Effect	Δscore	Sites
19:45517654	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:45517835–45517836	donor_loss	1.0000	2
19:45518095–45518096	donor_loss	1.0000	5
19:45522707	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:45523639	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:45523696–45523697	donor_loss	1.0000	5
19:45524095	acceptor_loss	1.0000	3
19:45524143–45524144	donor_loss	1.0000	4
19:45524560	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:45524661–45524662	donor_loss	1.0000	4

AlphaMissense

820 missense substitutions predicted likely pathogenic (of 2,439 scored), across 196 residues. Top 20 hotspot residues, ranked by the number of likely-pathogenic substitutions (of those reachable by a single-nucleotide change), then by mean score:

Residue	Likely-pathogenic substitutions	Mean am_pathogenicity	Max am_pathogenicity
M267	9	0.987	1.000
M264	9	0.936	0.996
F79	8	0.996	1.000
H80	8	0.993	0.999
F93	8	0.990	1.000
F102	8	0.983	0.999
D84	8	0.958	0.987
D18	8	0.838	0.977
M106	8	0.815	0.989
W23	7	0.999	1.000
W82	7	0.997	1.000
W89	7	0.991	0.998
Q81	7	0.988	0.999
E266	7	0.986	0.997
M14	7	0.985	0.996
F47	7	0.983	0.996
E3	7	0.972	0.991
W310	7	0.961	0.993
N63	7	0.952	0.998
S34	7	0.945	0.998

HPA cancer prognostics

RNA cancer specificity: Low cancer specificity

Human Protein Atlas survival analysis — favorable = higher expression predicts better survival.

1 prognostic cancer types:

Cancer	Prognostic	p-value
Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA)	unfavorable	1.48e-06

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:601703 | disease phenotypes:

GWAS associations

1 associations:

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST007827_3	Alzheimer’s disease or HDL levels (pleiotropy)	1e-97

EFO canonical traits (from GWAS)

1 canonical traits:

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004612	high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL4295774 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no)

PharmGKB clinical annotations

1 annotations by evidence level (1 strongest → 4):

Variant	Association	Level	Drugs	Phenotypes
rs10995	Efficacy	3	hydrochlorothiazide	Hypertension

PharmGKB variants

1 variants:

Variant	Genes	Level	Score	#Clin annots	Drugs
rs10995	VASP	3	0.00	1	hydrochlorothiazide

PharmGKB variant annotations

Per-publication pharmacogenomic findings for this gene (significant associations).

1 published findings:

Variant	Drug(s)	Category	Finding	PMID
rs10995	hydrochlorothiazide	Efficacy	Genotypes AG + GG are associated with increased response to hydrochlorothiazide in people with Hypertension as compared to genotype AA.	PMID:28115488

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

1 measured of 1 human assays (1 total across all organisms); most potent 1 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

Ligand	Measure	Value
CHEMBL5653589	KD	1440 nM

ChEMBL bioactivities

2 potent at pChembl≥5 of 2 total, top 2 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
7.06	Kd	87.65	nM	CHEMBL5653589
7.06	ED50	87.65	nM	CHEMBL5653589

PubChem BioAssay actives

1 with measured affinity, of 3 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide	2149756: Binding affinity to human VASP incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	kd	0.0877	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

86 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	decreases expression, increases expression, affects cotreatment	5
cyanoginosin LR	affects expression, increases response to substance, decreases reaction, affects localization, increases phosphorylation	5
Resveratrol	decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	5
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression, increases expression	3
N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide	decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation	2
(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(4-pyridyl)methylene-3-(N-benzyl)-indene)-acetamide hydrochloride	increases phosphorylation	2
bisphenol S	increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene	decreases expression, increases activity, increases phosphorylation	2
Nitroglycerin	decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation	2
Smoke	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression, increases expression	2
Tretinoin	increases expression	2
Cyclosporine	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Particulate Matter	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression, affects expression	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
GSK-J4	decreases expression	1
2,4,6-tribromophenol	decreases expression	1
testosterone enanthate	affects expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether	affects cotreatment, affects localization, increases expression	1
silychristin	increases phosphorylation	1
silidianin	increases phosphorylation	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	increases expression	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
butyraldehyde	increases expression	1
tetrabromobisphenol A	decreases expression	1
sulindac sulfone	increases phosphorylation	1
cupric chloride	increases expression	1
N(6)-benzoyl-cyclic AMP	decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation	1

ChEMBL screening assays

2 unique, capped per target: 2 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL4118547	Binding	Binding affinity to VASP in human NCI-H23 cells at 1 uM by mass spectrometry based pull down assay	Studies of TAK1-centered polypharmacology with novel covalent TAK1 inhibitors. — *Bioorg Med Chem*

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_B2KU	Abcam HeLa VASP KO	Cancer cell line	Female

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Predicted chemistry — Sugi Predict

The predicted patent-compound landscape for VASP across ~30M SureChEMBL compounds — explore on Sugi Predict.