VN1R2

Summary

VN1R2 (vomeronasal 1 receptor 2, HGNC:19872) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19q13.42, encoding Vomeronasal type-1 receptor 2 (Q8NFZ6). Putative pheromone receptor.

Predicted to enable pheromone receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; response to pheromone; and sensory perception of chemical stimulus. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane.

Source: NCBI Gene 317701 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 53 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_173856

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:19872
Approved symbol	VN1R2
Name	vomeronasal 1 receptor 2
Location	19q13.42
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	V1RL2
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000196131
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
Entrez	317701

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 1 protein_coding, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000341702, ENST00000598458

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_173856 NM_173856

CCDS: CCDS12862

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000341702 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001414621	53258292	53259602

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 95 present calls, max score 88.27.

Top tissues by expression

224 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	88.27	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	85.00	silver quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	66.77	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	64.27	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	62.79	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	48.00	silver quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	45.57	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	45.48	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	44.89	silver quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	44.74	silver quality
skin of hip	UBERON:0001554	44.50	silver quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	44.42	silver quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	43.99	silver quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	43.37	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	42.57	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	42.37	gold quality
oviduct epithelium	UBERON:0004804	41.58	silver quality
vastus lateralis	UBERON:0001379	41.41	gold quality
quadriceps femoris	UBERON:0001377	41.37	gold quality
superficial temporal artery	UBERON:0001614	41.33	gold quality
palpebral conjunctiva	UBERON:0001812	41.10	gold quality
mucosa of paranasal sinus	UBERON:0005030	40.98	gold quality
amniotic fluid	UBERON:0000173	40.69	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	40.59	gold quality
biceps brachii	UBERON:0001507	40.57	gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynx	UBERON:0001951	40.45	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	40.45	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	40.43	gold quality
germinal epithelium of ovary	UBERON:0001304	40.33	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	40.29	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	2.59

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Paralogs (3): VN1R1 (ENSG00000178201), VN1R5 (ENSG00000197617), VN1R4 (ENSG00000228567)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Vomeronasal type-1 receptor 2 — Q8NFZ6 (reviewed: Q8NFZ6)

Alternative names: G-protein coupled receptor GPCR25, V1r-like receptor 2

All UniProt accessions (1): Q8NFZ6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Putative pheromone receptor.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Miscellaneous. The chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan orthologous proteins do not exist, their genes are pseudogenes.

Similarity. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_776255* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR004072	Vmron_rcpt_1	Family
IPR017452	GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM	Domain

Pfam: PF03402

UniProt features (20 total): transmembrane region 8, topological domain 8, glycosylation site 2, chain 1, sequence variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q8NFZ6-F1	66.79	0.11

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (2): 239, 343

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 18 (showing top): GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_CHEMICAL_STIMULUS, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION, GOMF_TRANSMEMBRANE_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_ODORANT_BINDING, GOMF_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOBP_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_PHEROMONE, SRC_UP.V1_UP, CBX5_TARGET_GENES, GSE13485_CTRL_VS_DAY1_YF17D_VACCINE_PBMC_DN, GSE13485_DAY1_VS_DAY3_YF17D_VACCINE_PBMC_UP, GSE17974_IL4_AND_ANTI_IL12_VS_UNTREATED_6H_ACT_CD4_TCELL_UP, GOMF_PHEROMONE_BINDING, GOMF_MOLECULAR_TRANSDUCER_ACTIVITY, chr19q13

GO Biological Process (4): sensory perception of chemical stimulus (GO:0007606), response to pheromone (GO:0019236), signal transduction (GO:0007165), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186)

GO Molecular Function (3): pheromone binding (GO:0005550), pheromone receptor activity (GO:0016503), G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930)

GO Cellular Component (2): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
G protein-coupled receptor activity	2
sensory perception	1
response to chemical	1
cell communication	1
cellular process	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
signal transduction	1
odorant binding	1
pheromone binding	1
transmembrane signaling receptor activity	1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

272 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
VN1R2	OR52E8	Q6IFG1	541
VN1R2	GPR141	Q7Z602	531
VN1R2	OR51A4	Q8NGJ6	507
VN1R2	OR4F4	Q96R69	481
VN1R2	OR10A2	Q9H208	481
VN1R2	OR10G8	Q8NGN5	475
VN1R2	OR52K2	Q8NGK3	473
VN1R2	OR2T1	O43869	472
VN1R2	OR52K1	Q8NGK4	448
VN1R2	OR52M1	Q8NGK5	448
VN1R2	OR52B6	Q8NGF0	447
VN1R2	OR2T33	Q8NG76	447
VN1R2	OR6F1	Q8NGZ6	447
VN1R2	OR51A7	Q8NH64	437
VN1R2	TACR3	P29371	432

IntAct

2 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
VN1R2	SRP14	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400

BioGRID (2): VN1R2 (Proximity Label-MS), HIST1H4G (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS))

ESM2 similar proteins: Q5J3E5, Q5J3F6, Q5J3G9, Q5J3K5, Q5J3K9, Q5J3L4, Q5J3L6, Q5J3L7, Q5J3M3, Q5J3M4, Q5J3M9, Q5J3N1, Q62850, Q645T9, Q645U2, Q645U8, Q645U9, Q645Y5, Q646A3, Q646A7, Q646D2, Q646E8, Q646G4, Q67ET7, Q7M709, Q7TQA7, Q7TQA8, Q7YRP3, Q8NFZ6, Q8R2E6, Q8TDU5, Q8VBS7, Q8VIC6, Q8VIC7, Q8VIC9, Q8WN92, Q9BXE9, Q9EP51, Q9EP79, Q9EP93

Diamond homologs: Q5J3E5, Q5J3F6, Q5J3G9, Q5J3K5, Q5J3K9, Q5J3L4, Q5J3L6, Q5J3L7, Q5J3M3, Q5J3M4, Q5J3M9, Q5J3N1, Q62850, Q7YRP1, Q7YRP2, Q7Z5H4, Q7Z5H5, Q8NFZ6, Q8R2E6, Q8TDU5, Q8VBS7, Q8VIC6, Q8VIC7, Q8VIC9, Q8WN92, Q9BXE9, Q9EP51, Q9EP79, Q9EP93, Q9EPB8, Q9EQ44, Q9EQ45, Q9EQ46, Q9EQ47, Q9EQ48, Q9EQ51, Q9EQ52, Q9WUF1, Q7YRP3, A0A0R4IM31

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

53 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	50
Likely benign	3
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

324 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
19:53259478:T:G	acceptor_gain	0.8900
19:53259152:G:GG	donor_gain	0.7500
19:53259462:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.7400
19:53259463:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.7400
19:53258531:G:GA	donor_gain	0.7000
19:53259068:AACT:A	acceptor_gain	0.6900
19:53259071:T:A	acceptor_gain	0.6700
19:53259145:TCACA:T	donor_gain	0.6700
19:53258320:G:T	donor_gain	0.6500
19:53258533:T:TA	donor_gain	0.6500
19:53258534:A:AA	donor_gain	0.6500
19:53259332:ATTGG:A	donor_loss	0.6300
19:53259333:TTGGT:T	donor_loss	0.6300
19:53259334:TGGT:T	donor_loss	0.6300
19:53259336:GTGAG:G	donor_loss	0.6300
19:53259337:T:G	donor_loss	0.6300
19:53259338:GA:G	donor_loss	0.6300
19:53259456:A:G	acceptor_gain	0.6300
19:53259067:C:G	acceptor_gain	0.6200
19:53259068:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.6200
19:53259066:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.6000
19:53259141:G:GT	donor_gain	0.6000
19:53259455:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.6000
19:53258923:TGAG:T	acceptor_gain	0.5700
19:53259339:AG:A	donor_loss	0.5700
19:53259458:TATTA:T	acceptor_loss	0.5700
19:53259459:ATTAG:A	acceptor_loss	0.5700
19:53259461:TAGCC:T	acceptor_loss	0.5700
19:53259243:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.5600
19:53259244:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.5600

AlphaMissense

2593 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
19:53259345:T:C	F324L	0.897
19:53259347:T:A	F324L	0.897
19:53259347:T:G	F324L	0.897
19:53259450:T:C	F359L	0.886
19:53259452:T:A	F359L	0.886
19:53259452:T:G	F359L	0.886
19:53258931:T:C	F186L	0.823
19:53258933:C:A	F186L	0.823
19:53258933:C:G	F186L	0.823
19:53259339:A:C	S322R	0.820
19:53259341:C:A	S322R	0.820
19:53259341:C:G	S322R	0.820
19:53259054:T:C	F227L	0.818
19:53259056:T:A	F227L	0.818
19:53259056:T:G	F227L	0.818
19:53259468:T:C	F365L	0.796
19:53259470:T:A	F365L	0.796
19:53259470:T:G	F365L	0.796
19:53258910:A:C	S179R	0.784
19:53258912:C:A	S179R	0.784
19:53258912:C:G	S179R	0.784
19:53258925:A:C	S184R	0.750
19:53258927:T:A	S184R	0.750
19:53258927:T:G	S184R	0.750
19:53259462:A:C	S363R	0.721
19:53259464:C:A	S363R	0.721
19:53259464:C:G	S363R	0.721
19:53259219:A:C	S282R	0.707
19:53259221:C:A	S282R	0.707
19:53259221:C:G	S282R	0.707

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1001102139 (19:53258397 A>C,G), RS1001471363 (19:53258190 C>A,T), RS1001969843 (19:53259820 A>G), RS1003568617 (19:53256702 T>A,C), RS1003597805 (19:53257077 GTGTA>G,GTGTATGTA), RS1005319385 (19:53257638 G>A,T), RS1005455041 (19:53257387 G>A), RS1005881040 (19:53260065 A>G), RS1006568385 (19:53258020 G>A), RS1008041138 (19:53257710 A>C,G), RS1008192407 (19:53258930 C>T), RS1009680141 (19:53258422 A>G), RS1009777409 (19:53259350 A>C,G), RS1010053744 (19:53259951 T>C,G), RS1011563341 (19:53256469 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene `` | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

6 total (human), top 6 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	increases methylation	1
fipronil	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases methylation	1
DEET	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Dimethyl Sulfoxide	affects expression	1
Cadmium Chloride	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.