VN1R4

Summary

VN1R4 (vomeronasal 1 receptor 4, HGNC:19871) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19q13.42, encoding Vomeronasal type-1 receptor 4 (Q7Z5H5). Putative pheromone receptor.

Predicted to enable pheromone receptor activity. Predicted to be involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; response to pheromone; and sensory perception of chemical stimulus. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane.

Source: NCBI Gene 317703 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 51 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_173857

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:19871
Approved symbol	VN1R4
Name	vomeronasal 1 receptor 4
Location	19q13.42
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	V1RL4
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000228567
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
Entrez	317703

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding

ENST00000311170

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_173857 NM_173857

CCDS: CCDS33099

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000311170 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001419491	53266676	53267723

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth tissue_specific, 3 present calls, max score 92.86.

Top tissues by expression

129 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	92.86	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	39.95	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	37.20	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	36.48	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	36.47	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	36.16	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	35.49	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	33.38	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	31.74	gold quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	31.06	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	30.93	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	30.49	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	29.04	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	28.58	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	28.49	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	28.14	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	28.04	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	27.87	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	27.57	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	27.05	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	26.55	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	26.42	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	26.15	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	25.98	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	25.89	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	25.81	gold quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	25.72	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	24.97	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	24.61	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	24.08	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	1.31

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Cross-species orthologs

13 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Vmn1r233	ENSMUSG00000045575
mus_musculus	Vmn1r235	ENSMUSG00000050102
mus_musculus	Vmn1r236	ENSMUSG00000054142
mus_musculus	Vmn1r234	ENSMUSG00000057203
mus_musculus	Vmn1r237	ENSMUSG00000058030
rattus_norvegicus	Vom1r22	ENSRNOG00000025949
rattus_norvegicus	Vom1r17	ENSRNOG00000064083
rattus_norvegicus	Vom1r16	ENSRNOG00000067452
rattus_norvegicus	Vom1r-ps20	ENSRNOG00000068980
rattus_norvegicus	Vom1r23	ENSRNOG00000078217
rattus_norvegicus	Vom1r21	ENSRNOG00000078543
rattus_norvegicus	Vom1r16	ENSRNOG00000084531
rattus_norvegicus	Vmn1r235	ENSRNOG00000087999

Paralogs (3): VN1R1 (ENSG00000178201), VN1R2 (ENSG00000196131), VN1R5 (ENSG00000197617)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Vomeronasal type-1 receptor 4 — Q7Z5H5 (reviewed: Q7Z5H5)

Alternative names: G-protein coupled receptor GPCR27, V1r-like receptor 4

All UniProt accessions (1): Q7Z5H5

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Putative pheromone receptor.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Polymorphism. Various VN1R4 alleles are known. The sequence shown is that of allele VN1R4*2.

Miscellaneous. The chimpanzee and gorilla orthologous proteins do not exist, their genes are pseudogenes.

Similarity. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_776256* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR004072	Vmron_rcpt_1	Family
IPR017452	GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM	Domain

Pfam: PF03402

UniProt features (21 total): topological domain 8, transmembrane region 7, sequence variant 3, glycosylation site 2, chain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q7Z5H5-F1	77.44	0.20

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (2): 154, 157

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 20 (showing top): GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_CHEMICAL_STIMULUS, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION, GOMF_TRANSMEMBRANE_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_ODORANT_BINDING, GOMF_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GOBP_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_PHEROMONE, RAO_BOUND_BY_SALL4_ISOFORM_A, RAO_BOUND_BY_SALL4_ISOFORM_B, GSE13485_CTRL_VS_DAY21_YF17D_VACCINE_PBMC_DN, GSE13485_DAY3_VS_DAY21_YF17D_VACCINE_PBMC_DN, GSE2706_LPS_VS_R848_AND_LPS_2H_STIM_DC_UP, GOMF_PHEROMONE_BINDING, GOMF_MOLECULAR_TRANSDUCER_ACTIVITY, chr19q13

GO Biological Process (4): sensory perception of chemical stimulus (GO:0007606), response to pheromone (GO:0019236), signal transduction (GO:0007165), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186)

GO Molecular Function (3): pheromone binding (GO:0005550), pheromone receptor activity (GO:0016503), G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930)

GO Cellular Component (2): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
G protein-coupled receptor activity	2
sensory perception	1
response to chemical	1
cell communication	1
cellular process	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
signal transduction	1
odorant binding	1
pheromone binding	1
transmembrane signaling receptor activity	1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

212 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
VN1R4	OR52E8	Q6IFG1	570
VN1R4	OR51A4	Q8NGJ6	528
VN1R4	OR10A2	Q9H208	518
VN1R4	OR4F4	Q96R69	513
VN1R4	OR52K2	Q8NGK3	507
VN1R4	OR10G8	Q8NGN5	507
VN1R4	OR2T1	O43869	506
VN1R4	OR52K1	Q8NGK4	480
VN1R4	OR52M1	Q8NGK5	480
VN1R4	OR2T33	Q8NG76	479
VN1R4	OR52B6	Q8NGF0	479
VN1R4	OR6F1	Q8NGZ6	479
VN1R4	OR4N4	Q8N0Y3	475
VN1R4	OR51A7	Q8NH64	475
VN1R4	ZNF845	Q96IR2	449

IntAct

0 interactions, top by confidence:

ESM2 similar proteins: P59530, P59541, P59542, P59544, Q5J3F6, Q5J3L6, Q5J3M4, Q5Y4Y9, Q62850, Q645T2, Q645T3, Q645T4, Q645T7, Q645V2, Q645V4, Q645V7, Q645V8, Q645Z2, Q645Z6, Q645Z9, Q646A2, Q646B7, Q646C1, Q646C4, Q646D6, Q646D9, Q646E2, Q646F4, Q646F6, Q646F7, Q646F8, Q646F9, Q646G0, Q67ES0, Q67ET4, Q7M710, Q7M713, Q7M721, Q7TQA4, Q7YRP2

Diamond homologs: A0A0R4IM31, Q7YRP1, Q7Z5H4, Q7Z5H5, Q8WN92, Q9GZP7, Q5J3E5, Q5J3F6, Q5J3G9, Q5J3K5, Q5J3K9, Q5J3L4, Q5J3L6, Q5J3L7, Q5J3M3, Q5J3M4, Q5J3M9, Q5J3N1, Q62850, Q7YRP2, Q8NFZ6, Q8R2E6, Q8TDU5, Q8VBS7, Q8VIC6, Q8VIC7, Q8VIC9, Q9BXE9, Q9EP51, Q9EP79, Q9EP93, Q9EPB8, Q9EQ44, Q9EQ45, Q9EQ46, Q9EQ47, Q9EQ48, Q9EQ51, Q9EQ52, Q9WUF1

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

51 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	48
Likely benign	2
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

205 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
19:53267222:A:C	acceptor_gain	0.9300
19:53267401:CT:C	acceptor_gain	0.8700
19:53267360:ACTC:A	acceptor_gain	0.8100
19:53267263:A:T	acceptor_gain	0.8000
19:53267650:CATA:C	donor_loss	0.7800
19:53267651:ATACC:A	donor_loss	0.7800
19:53267652:TA:T	donor_loss	0.7800
19:53267653:ACCGG:A	donor_loss	0.7800
19:53267358:ACACT:A	acceptor_gain	0.7700
19:53267359:CACTC:C	acceptor_gain	0.7700
19:53267361:CTC:C	acceptor_gain	0.7700
19:53267362:T:A	acceptor_gain	0.7700
19:53267648:CACAT:C	donor_loss	0.7500
19:53267649:ACATA:A	donor_loss	0.7500
19:53267403:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.7100
19:53267653:A:AC	donor_gain	0.7100
19:53267654:C:CC	donor_gain	0.7100
19:53267226:A:C	acceptor_gain	0.6800
19:53267398:CCACT:C	acceptor_gain	0.6700
19:53267399:CACTC:C	acceptor_gain	0.6700
19:53267612:TCC:T	donor_gain	0.6400
19:53267613:CCC:C	donor_gain	0.6400
19:53267222:A:AC	acceptor_gain	0.6100
19:53267265:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.6100
19:53267399:CACT:C	acceptor_gain	0.6000
19:53267655:C:A	donor_loss	0.5900
19:53267262:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.5800
19:53267425:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.5700
19:53267090:C:T	acceptor_gain	0.5500
19:53267267:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.5500

AlphaMissense

1977 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
19:53266835:G:C	F277L	0.894
19:53266835:G:T	F277L	0.894
19:53266837:A:G	F277L	0.894
19:53266940:A:C	F242L	0.889
19:53266940:A:T	F242L	0.889
19:53266942:A:G	F242L	0.889
19:53267354:G:C	F104L	0.803
19:53267354:G:T	F104L	0.803
19:53267356:A:G	F104L	0.803
19:53266817:A:C	F283L	0.714
19:53266817:A:T	F283L	0.714
19:53266819:A:G	F283L	0.714
19:53267231:A:C	F145L	0.709
19:53267231:A:T	F145L	0.709
19:53267233:A:G	F145L	0.709
19:53266946:G:C	S240R	0.668
19:53266946:G:T	S240R	0.668
19:53266948:T:G	S240R	0.668
19:53267414:G:C	F84L	0.661
19:53267414:G:T	F84L	0.661
19:53267416:A:G	F84L	0.661
19:53267444:A:C	F74L	0.634
19:53267444:A:T	F74L	0.634
19:53267446:A:G	F74L	0.634
19:53267459:A:C	F69L	0.612
19:53267459:A:T	F69L	0.612
19:53267461:A:G	F69L	0.612
19:53267069:G:C	S199R	0.606
19:53267069:G:T	S199R	0.606
19:53267071:T:G	S199R	0.606

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000488478 (19:53268230 A>G), RS1000860261 (19:53269283 G>A), RS1001227291 (19:53269121 T>A,C), RS1002848699 (19:53266554 A>G), RS1002945503 (19:53266727 T>A,C,G), RS1003326821 (19:53268022 C>T), RS1003620369 (19:53267829 G>A), RS1004888873 (19:53268755 A>G), RS1005636211 (19:53269574 G>T), RS1007080343 (19:53266179 T>A), RS1007114894 (19:53266463 T>C), RS1007449988 (19:53267746 T>TATA), RS1009187120 (19:53268705 A>G,T), RS1009406493 (19:53269375 G>A,T), RS1009522463 (19:53269531 C>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene `` | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST009391_771	Metabolite levels	5.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0010393	sphingomyelin 18:0 measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

7 total (human), top 7 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
arsenite	decreases methylation	1
1-hydroxypyrene	decreases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
Air Pollutants, Occupational	decreases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression	1
Phthalic Acids	increases methylation	1
Aflatoxin B1	increases methylation	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.