VTRNA2-1

Summary

VTRNA2-1 (vault RNA 2-1, HGNC:37054) is a gene on chromosome 5q31.1.

This gene produces an RNA polymerase III transcript that resembles both a component of the ribonucleoprotein vault particle and a pre-microRNA. However, the RNA product does not function as a vault or microRNA; rather, it acts as a direct inhibitor of protein kinase R (also known as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2, EIF2AK2), and thereby plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth. This gene is located in the vicinity of a differentially methylated region (DMR) and is imprinted and may show allele-specific expression. This gene is also often hypermethylated and repressed in cancers.

Source: NCBI Gene 100126299 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (vault_RNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:37054
Approved symbol	VTRNA2-1
Name	vault RNA 2-1
Location	5q31.1
Locus type	RNA, vault
Status	Approved
Aliases	vtRNA2, hvg-5, CBL-3, hsa-mir-886, nc886, pre-miR-886
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000270123
Ensembl biotype	vault_RNA
OMIM	614938
Entrez	100126299
RNAcentral	URS0000A76E3A — ncRNA, 108 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 vault_RNA

ENST00000602301

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000602301 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00003282953	136080470	136080597

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 85 present calls, max score 92.04.

Top tissues by expression

85 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	92.04	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	87.82	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	82.11	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	80.36	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	79.03	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	78.40	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	78.13	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	78.00	gold quality
lung	UBERON:0002048	77.95	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	77.59	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	76.32	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	76.05	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	75.44	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	75.28	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	75.05	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	74.97	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	74.90	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	74.44	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	74.10	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	72.92	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	72.70	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	72.39	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	71.96	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	71.79	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	71.70	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	71.46	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	71.17	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	71.03	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	70.84	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	70.69	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	4.06

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 36)

• miRNA886-3p has a role in modulating the expression of CXCL12, a gene product with a critical role in hematopoietic regulation (PMID:21179442)
• The expression of vtRNA2-1 is repressed in a wide range of cancer cells, suggesting a tumor suppressor function. (PMID:21518807)
• vtRNA2-1 is neither present in the vault complex nor processed into mature microRNAs, but is associated with PKR and represses its activity. (PMID:21518807)
• miR-886-3p may play a role in the initiation and or progression of papillary thyroid cancer (PMID:21998631)
• Selective reduction in microRNA (miR)-886-3p by an anti-miR leads to elevation of frataxin (FXN) message and protein levels without associated changes in histone marks at the FXN locus. (PMID:22764244)
• PKR has a dual life or death role during tumorigenesis (PMID:22926522)
• By binding to PKR with a comparable affinity, nc886 competes with dsRNA and attenuates PKR activation by dsRNA. (PMID:22986343)
• The miR-886-3p-PLK1/TGF-beta1 nexus that modulates SCLC aggression suggests that both loss of miR-886-3p expression and hypermethylation of the miR-886 promoter are the promising indicators for poor outcome of as well as new therapeutic targets for SCLC. (PMID:23592755)
• downregulation of miR-886-5p expression in MCF-7 cells could significantly inhibit cell growth and migration. (PMID:24641359)
• Downregulation of miR-886-3p inhibits cell migration, proliferation and induces cell apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells. (PMID:25190136)
• MicroRNA expression profiling revealed transient changes in the level of miR-16-5p, miR-28-3p and miR-886-5p in the early senescence (PMID:26013412)
• periconceptional environment affects offspring VTRNA2-1 epigenotype (PMID:26062908)
• Our data revealed a significant upregulation (~3 times) of miR5-886-p in high grade bladder tumors, compared to the low grade ones (P < .05). (PMID:26135932)
• Data suggest that microRBA mir-886 (VTRNA2-1-5p) is a direct regulator of tumor suppressor protein p53 (p53) and suggest that it plays an essential role in the apoptosis and proliferation of cervical cancer cells. (PMID:26318295)
• Results indicated that a higher level of nc886 was expressed in the late phase of human endometrial cancer tissue, less than in the early phase but still higher than in normal human endometrial tissue. (PMID:28298621)
• nc886 affects renal cell carcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion at least partially via the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. (PMID:28765891)
• tumor suppressor role for nc886 in the prostate, whose expression is epigenetically silenced in cancer leading to an increase in cell proliferation and invasion (PMID:29394925)
• Long non-coding RNA 886 is induced by TGF-beta and suppresses the microRNA pathway in ovarian cancer. (PMID:29563500)
• These findings suggested that miR-886-3P functions as a tumor suppressor in SCLC and thus, it might be a potential therapeutic molecule in the treatment of lung cancer. (PMID:30230945)
• this study shows that nc886 regulates PKR signaling and cytokine production in human cells (PMID:30518569)
• Ultraviolet B inhibits nc886 expression and upregulates MMP-9 and COX-2 in keratinocytes. (PMID:30685091)
• Using doxorubicin as a representative DNA-reactive compound, a cytotoxic mechanism was discovered that involves a cellular noncoding RNA, nc886, and protein kinase R (a proapoptotic protein). (PMID:30948645)
• miR-886-5p triggered multiple myeloma (MM) cell growth and may act as a diagnostic plasma biomarker for MM, potentially contributing to resistance to chemotherapy. (PMID:31163428)
• Methylation of the VTRNA2-1 gene has co-segregated with neural tube defects (PMID:31400124)
• Differential hypermethylation of the VTRNA2-1 promoter in hepatocellular carcinoma as a prognostic factor: Tumor marker prognostic study. (PMID:32417463)
• Suppression of miR-886-3p mediated by arecoline (ARE) contributes to the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:33310761)
• Nc886, a Novel Suppressor of the Type I Interferon Response Upon Pathogen Intrusion. (PMID:33670458)
• VTRNA2-1: Genetic Variation, Heritable Methylation and Disease Association. (PMID:33802562)
• Elevated methylation of the vault RNA2-1 promoter in maternal blood is associated with preterm birth. (PMID:34246240)
• Upregulation of miR-886 indicates poor prognosis and promotes tumour progression of prostate cancer. (PMID:34787343)
• nc886, a Non-Coding RNA, Is a New Biomarker and Epigenetic Mediator of Cellular Senescence in Fibroblasts. (PMID:34948464)
• MicroRNA-886 suppresses osteosarcoma cell proliferation and its maturation is suppressed by long non-coding RNA OXCT1-AS1. (PMID:35191809)
• Small noncoding vault RNA2-1 disrupts gut epithelial barrier function via interaction with HuR. (PMID:36440604)
• nc886, an RNA Polymerase III-Transcribed Noncoding RNA Whose Expression Is Dynamic and Regulated by Intriguing Mechanisms. (PMID:37239877)
• Atypical phosphatase DUSP11 inhibition promotes nc886 expression and potentiates gemcitabine-mediated cell death through NF-kB modulation. (PMID:39048662)
• The Versatile Roles of nc886, a Fascinating and Peculiar Regulatory Non-Coding RNA, in Cancer. (PMID:39409154)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.