XXYLT1

Summary

XXYLT1 (xyloside xylosyltransferase 1, HGNC:26639) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 3q29, encoding Xyloside xylosyltransferase 1 (Q8NBI6). Alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase, which elongates the O-linked xylose-glucose disaccharide attached to EGF-like repeats in the extracellular domain of target proteins by catalyzing the addition of the second xylose.

Enables magnesium ion binding activity; manganese ion binding activity; and xylosyl alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase activity. Involved in O-glycan processing. Located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Source: NCBI Gene 152002 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 9
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 95 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_152531

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:26639
Approved symbol	XXYLT1
Name	xyloside xylosyltransferase 1
Location	3q29
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	FLJ35155
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000173950
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	614552
Entrez	152002

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 12 — 6 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 4 protein_coding, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000310380, ENST00000356740, ENST00000418940, ENST00000429994, ENST00000437101, ENST00000455281, ENST00000460582, ENST00000473200, ENST00000476897, ENST00000491138, ENST00000494175, ENST00000496644

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_152531 NM_001308069, NM_001410854, NM_152531

CCDS: CCDS43188, CCDS77874, CCDS93439

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000310380 — 4 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001188432	195270555	195271159
ENSE00001429013	195068284	195070111
ENSE00003512177	195156449	195156581
ENSE00003566171	195226709	195226856

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 181 present calls, max score 87.74.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 10.9179 / max 92.0075, expressed in 1746 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
46260	5.8092	1679
46259	4.9258	1603
46257	0.1829	48

Top tissues by expression

251 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	87.74	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	87.20	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	87.12	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	84.57	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	83.77	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	83.50	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	83.46	gold quality
embryo	UBERON:0000922	83.45	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	83.42	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	82.37	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	80.95	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	80.71	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	80.15	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	79.69	silver quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	79.49	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	79.17	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	78.89	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	78.79	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	78.74	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	78.32	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	78.03	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	77.68	gold quality
kidney epithelium	UBERON:0004819	77.54	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	77.17	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	77.04	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	77.04	gold quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	76.89	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	76.88	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	76.87	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	76.69	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	3.89
E-GEOD-99795	no	47.12

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

46 targeting XXYLT1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4283	100.00	66.42	2097
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-4425	100.00	67.59	1049
HSA-MIR-150-5P	99.99	66.69	1976
HSA-MIR-1184	99.99	68.19	1458
HSA-MIR-3667-3P	99.99	67.17	1636
HSA-MIR-23B-5P	99.98	66.07	587
HSA-MIR-6778-3P	99.96	67.29	2693
HSA-MIR-5680	99.91	69.83	3421
HSA-MIR-3065-3P	99.87	70.25	1407
HSA-MIR-4492	99.87	68.25	3611
HSA-MIR-383-3P	99.85	65.84	1359
HSA-MIR-6079	99.84	68.54	1170
HSA-MIR-6515-3P	99.82	68.19	1933
HSA-MIR-6739-5P	99.80	67.87	2806
HSA-MIR-4668-5P	99.79	70.58	3782
HSA-MIR-6764-5P	99.75	67.89	2304
HSA-MIR-11181-3P	99.75	66.38	2205
HSA-MIR-6733-5P	99.74	67.94	2759
HSA-MIR-148A-3P	99.74	73.77	1700
HSA-MIR-148B-3P	99.74	73.75	1700
HSA-MIR-152-3P	99.74	73.75	1703
HSA-MIR-378G	99.71	64.90	1106
HSA-MIR-762	99.58	66.61	1994
HSA-MIR-1915-3P	99.58	66.79	1988
HSA-MIR-3153	99.55	67.59	2337
HSA-MIR-766-5P	99.47	67.91	2225
HSA-MIR-4498	99.47	67.42	2360
HSA-MIR-504-3P	99.30	67.18	1745
HSA-MIR-133A-3P	99.27	71.53	1270

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• our study concluded that C30rf21 rs 2131877 T/C+C/C genotype patients may experience increased nicotine addiction and that C30rf21 can likely serve as a susceptibility marker for lung adenocarcinoma with a higher degree of malignancy. (PMID:28422717)
• XXYLT1 methylation contributes to the occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma: Methylation and lung adenocarcinoma. (PMID:33429795)

Cross-species orthologs

11 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	xxylt1	ENSDARG00000088799
mus_musculus	Xxylt1	ENSMUSG00000047434
rattus_norvegicus	Xxylt1	ENSRNOG00000001729
drosophila_melanogaster	Xxylt	FBGN0034959
caenorhabditis_elegans	bgnt-1.8	WBGENE00008290
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00009032
caenorhabditis_elegans	bgnt-1.6	WBGENE00010167
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00010694
caenorhabditis_elegans	bgnt-1.7	WBGENE00011779
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00015982
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00017723

Paralogs (5): LARGE1 (ENSG00000133424), GXYLT1 (ENSG00000151233), LARGE2 (ENSG00000165905), GXYLT2 (ENSG00000172986), B4GAT1 (ENSG00000174684)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Xyloside xylosyltransferase 1 — Q8NBI6 (reviewed: Q8NBI6)

Alternative names: UDP-xylose:alpha-xyloside alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase

All UniProt accessions (4): Q8NBI6, A0A140T9D0, F8WEN6, H7C2F4

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase, which elongates the O-linked xylose-glucose disaccharide attached to EGF-like repeats in the extracellular domain of target proteins by catalyzing the addition of the second xylose. Known targets include Notch proteins and coagulation factors, such as F9.

Subunit / interactions. Homodimer. Dimer formation may be essential for the retention in endoplasmic reticulum.

Subcellular location. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Cofactor. Has the highest in vitro activity with 20 mM Mn(2+), a concentration entirely out of the physiological range. Can also utilize Mg(2+), suggesting this may be the physiological cofactor.

Similarity. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q8NBI6-1	1	yes
Q8NBI6-2	2
Q8NBI6-3	3

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001294998, NP_001397783, NP_689744* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002495	Glyco_trans_8	Family
IPR029044	Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans	Homologous_superfamily
IPR042465	XXLT1	Family

Pfam: PF01501

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 2.4.2.62 — xylosyl alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase (BRENDA: 2 organisms, 6 substrates, 1 inhibitors, 2 Km, 0 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

2 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 2. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
N-PYRIDIN-2-YL-3-O-ALPHA-D-XYLOPYRANOSYL-BETA-D-	52	1
UDP-D-XYLOSE	0.28	1

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• 3-O-[alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl]-L-seryl-[EGF-like domain protein] + UDP-alpha-D-xylose = 3-O-[alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl]-L-seryl-[EGF-like domain protein] + UDP + H(+) (RHEA:22820)

UniProt features (22 total): binding site 11, splice variant 4, topological domain 2, disulfide bond 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q8NBI6-F1	85.52	0.70

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (11): 328; 331; 331; 360; 383; 385; 104–106; 226; 227; 228; 290

Disulfide bonds (2): 350–375, 357–386

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 118 (showing top): GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, ACEVEDO_LIVER_CANCER_UP, GOBP_PROTEIN_O_LINKED_GLYCOSYLATION_VIA_N_ACETYL_GALACTOSAMINE, GOBP_PROTEIN_O_LINKED_GLYCOSYLATION, GOBP_GLYCOPROTEIN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, ZHENG_BOUND_BY_FOXP3, GOCC_NUCLEAR_OUTER_MEMBRANE_ENDOPLASMIC_RETICULUM_MEMBRANE_NETWORK, GOCC_ORGANELLE_SUBCOMPARTMENT, GOMF_MAGNESIUM_ION_BINDING, GOMF_MANGANESE_ION_BINDING, GOMF_GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE_ACTIVITY, GOMF_UDP_GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE_ACTIVITY, GOMF_PENTOSYLTRANSFERASE_ACTIVITY, GOBP_GLYCOPROTEIN_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS

GO Biological Process (2): protein O-linked glycosylation via N-acetylgalactosamine (GO:0016266), protein O-linked glycosylation via glucose (GO:0180059)

GO Molecular Function (7): magnesium ion binding (GO:0000287), manganese ion binding (GO:0030145), UDP-xylosyltransferase activity (GO:0035252), xylosyl alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase activity (GO:0140560), transferase activity (GO:0016740), glycosyltransferase activity (GO:0016757), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (3): endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789), endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
protein O-linked glycosylation	2
metal ion binding	1
transition metal ion binding	1
UDP-glycosyltransferase activity	1
xylosyltransferase activity	1
UDP-xylosyltransferase activity	1
catalytic activity	1
transferase activity	1
cation binding	1
organelle membrane	1
nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network	1
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment	1
cytoplasm	1
endomembrane system	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

440 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
XXYLT1	POGLUT1	Q8NBL1	805
XXYLT1	GXYLT2	A0PJZ3	787
XXYLT1	POFUT1	Q9H488	669
XXYLT1	POGLUT2	Q6UW63	590
XXYLT1	EOGT	Q5NDL2	576
XXYLT1	GXYLT1	Q4G148	511
XXYLT1	XYLT1	Q86Y38	488
XXYLT1	POGLUT3	Q7Z4H8	475
XXYLT1	FAM43A	Q8N2R8	460
XXYLT1	SCAMP4	Q969E2	460
XXYLT1	FAM174B	Q3ZCQ3	445
XXYLT1	ALG11	Q2TAA5	419
XXYLT1	B3GAT3	O94766	415
XXYLT1	ATP13A3	Q9H7F0	407
XXYLT1	REEP3	Q6NUK4	406

IntAct

40 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
BCL2	BCL2L11	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.930
SCN3B	ABCC5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
MPP1	MYH11	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SLC15A4	PGRMC1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
	TSPO	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CUL4A	HAX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
IZUMO1	CNOT1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HAUS7	GOLIM4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MINDY2	SLC27A2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	TMEM223	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CANX	HLA-A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SEC61B	RPS3A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TMED10	PGRMC1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
XXYLT1	PRMT3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
FFAR1	SLC12A8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SCN3B	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GXYLT1	CLGN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HAUS7	SLC27A2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HTR1B	SCAMP2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NCAPH2	FANCA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
H1-7	PTX3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
IL12A	PTX3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MTX2	RP2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SCN3B	NBAS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
XXYLT1	WFS1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLC22A9	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLC30A1	PSMD11	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLC30A10	GOLIM4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (76): XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-RNA), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-RNA), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-RNA), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-RNA), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), XXYLT1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1A4K5, O95461, P14769, P50127, P79948, Q32NJ7, Q5DTK1, Q5E9E7, Q5M854, Q5M900, Q5NDE3, Q5NDE4, Q5NDE5, Q5NDE8, Q5NDF0, Q5NDF1, Q5NDF2, Q5QQ57, Q5XPT3, Q66PG1, Q66PG2, Q66PG3, Q66PG4, Q68CQ7, Q6AYF6, Q6GMK0, Q6GQI7, Q6KFX9, Q6NRQ1, Q6NSU3, Q6P7A1, Q6P9A2, Q6PA90, Q70JA7, Q812G0, Q86Y38, Q8BJQ9, Q8BW41, Q8C1F4, Q8HY56

Diamond homologs: Q3U4G3, Q6DE37, Q8NBI6

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
XXYLT1	up-regulates	NOTCH1	binding
XXYLT1	up-regulates	NOTCH	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 56 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
intracellular zinc ion homeostasis	5	44.6×	5e-05
amino acid transport	5	28.9×	1e-04

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

95 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	85
Likely benign	1
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

3232 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
3:195070107:TGTGC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195070108:GTGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195070109:TGC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195070110:GC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195070111:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195070112:C:CA	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:195070112:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195156444:CGCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195156445:GCACC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195156446:CACCT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195156447:ACCTG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195156448:CCTGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195156577:GATCT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195156578:ATCT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195156578:ATCTC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195156579:TCTCT:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195156580:CT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195156582:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195156586:G:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195180392:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
3:195180393:C:A	donor_gain	1.0000
3:195226703:GGTTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195226704:GTTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195226705:TTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195226706:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195226707:A:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195226708:C:CA	donor_loss	1.0000
3:195226861:A:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195226863:CAGG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:195226866:G:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

2572 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
3:195069739:G:C	C386W	0.999
3:195069740:C:T	C386Y	0.999
3:195069742:G:C	N385K	0.999
3:195069742:G:T	N385K	0.999
3:195069746:C:T	G384E	0.999
3:195069750:G:C	H383D	0.999
3:195070030:G:C	N289K	0.999
3:195070030:G:T	N289K	0.999
3:195156551:T:A	D228V	0.999
3:195156557:T:A	D226V	0.999
3:195156557:T:G	D226A	0.999
3:195069740:C:A	C386F	0.998
3:195069740:C:G	C386S	0.998
3:195069741:A:G	C386R	0.998
3:195069741:A:T	C386S	0.998
3:195069746:C:A	G384V	0.998
3:195069747:C:A	G384W	0.998
3:195069817:C:A	W360C	0.998
3:195069817:C:G	W360C	0.998
3:195069826:G:C	C357W	0.998
3:195069827:C:T	C357Y	0.998
3:195069828:A:G	C357R	0.998
3:195069838:G:C	N353K	0.998
3:195069838:G:T	N353K	0.998
3:195069903:C:G	D332H	0.998
3:195156550:G:C	D228E	0.998
3:195156550:G:T	D228E	0.998
3:195156551:T:C	D228G	0.998
3:195156551:T:G	D228A	0.998
3:195156556:G:C	D226E	0.998

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000004223 (3:195227003 C>T), RS1000028339 (3:195224471 C>T), RS1000044717 (3:195104652 G>A,T), RS1000045725 (3:195232461 A>C), RS1000060523 (3:195111362 G>A,C), RS1000062257 (3:195143287 A>T), RS1000080844 (3:195256889 G>A), RS1000081522 (3:195183745 G>C), RS1000088511 (3:195137197 G>A), RS1000132057 (3:195108853 A>G), RS1000139379 (3:195259259 T>C,G), RS1000164084 (3:195237057 G>C), RS1000170228 (3:195179663 C>A,T), RS1000172248 (3:195259425 C>T), RS1000191476 (3:195148676 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:614552 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

9 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000815_3	Non-small cell lung cancer	2.000000e-08
GCST002118_15	Metabolite levels (Pyroglutamine)	7.000000e-06
GCST004267_3	Blood osmolality (transformed sodium)	3.000000e-06
GCST006061_98	Atrial fibrillation	6.000000e-07
GCST006414_83	Atrial fibrillation	2.000000e-08
GCST006585_250	Blood protein levels	9.000000e-14
GCST007401_12	Factor VII activity	5.000000e-07
GCST008153_74	Lean body mass	2.000000e-06
GCST010988_212	Adult body size	2.000000e-08

EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0005408	pyroglutamine measurement
EFO:0004619	factor VII measurement
EFO:0004995	lean body mass

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

30 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases expression	3
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression, increases methylation	3
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	decreases expression	1
bisphenol F	affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1
urushiol	decreases expression	1
bisphenol A	affects cotreatment, increases methylation, decreases methylation	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
ICG 001	increases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-4-morpholin-4-ylthieno(3,2-d)pyrimidine	decreases expression, increases response to substance	1
4-(4-((5-(4,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenyl)-2-furanyl)methylene)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic acid	increases expression	1
Bortezomib	decreases expression	1
Temozolomide	increases expression	1
Fulvestrant	affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Cisplatin	decreases expression	1
Estradiol	increases expression	1
Ethyl Methanesulfonate	decreases expression	1
Formaldehyde	decreases expression	1
Methyl Methanesulfonate	decreases expression	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Thiram	decreases expression	1
Tretinoin	decreases expression	1
Valproic Acid	decreases methylation	1
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	increases methylation	1
Copper Sulfate	decreases expression	1
Genistein	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.