YBX2

Summary

YBX2 (Y-box binding protein 2, HGNC:17948) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 17p13.1, encoding Y-box-binding protein 2 (Q9Y2T7). Major constituent of messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs).

This gene encodes a nucleic acid binding protein which is highly expressed in germ cells. The encoded protein binds to a Y-box element in the promoters of certain genes but also binds to mRNA transcribed from these genes. Pseudogenes for this gene are located on chromosome 10 and 15.

Source: NCBI Gene 51087 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 53 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_015982

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:17948
Approved symbol	YBX2
Name	Y-box binding protein 2
Location	17p13.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	MSY2, CSDA3, Contrin
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000006047
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	611447
Entrez	51087

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 4 protein_coding, 4 retained_intron, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000007699, ENST00000570627, ENST00000570720, ENST00000571127, ENST00000571464, ENST00000571485, ENST00000571834, ENST00000859311, ENST00000859312

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_015982 NM_015982

CCDS: CCDS11098

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000007699 — 9 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00002633728	7288263	7288643
ENSE00002641114	7294230	7294639
ENSE00003466058	7288749	7288838
ENSE00003473240	7289530	7289725
ENSE00003571520	7291093	7291182
ENSE00003596794	7292026	7292059
ENSE00003600771	7290251	7290535
ENSE00003631852	7293475	7293538
ENSE00003685471	7289968	7290071

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 130 present calls, max score 99.68.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 1.3649 / max 229.1512, expressed in 358 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (8 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
164202	0.9180	339
164200	0.3061	90
164194	0.0469	11
164199	0.0365	8
164198	0.0341	8
164196	0.0084	3
164195	0.0080	2
164197	0.0069	2

Top tissues by expression

138 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	99.68	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	99.41	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	98.81	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	93.80	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	85.93	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	85.90	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	84.09	gold quality
medulla oblongata	UBERON:0001896	83.99	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	80.29	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	80.10	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	79.95	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	77.60	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	77.43	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	77.18	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	77.09	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	76.45	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	76.02	gold quality
saliva-secreting gland	UBERON:0001044	75.74	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	75.19	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	75.18	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	74.84	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	74.74	gold quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	74.56	gold quality
thoracic mammary gland	UBERON:0005200	74.23	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	73.82	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	73.81	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	73.76	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	73.51	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	73.14	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	72.89	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	2.07

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

1 targets.

Target	Regulation
PRM1

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): MYC, MYCN

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

73 targeting YBX2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4510	100.00	66.60	2050
HSA-MIR-6127	100.00	66.76	2188
HSA-MIR-6129	100.00	66.46	2080
HSA-MIR-6130	100.00	66.69	2012
HSA-MIR-6133	100.00	66.48	2064
HSA-MIR-6870-5P	99.99	68.55	2115
HSA-MIR-3148	99.97	75.06	6478
HSA-MIR-4723-5P	99.97	68.70	2034
HSA-MIR-5698	99.97	68.49	2029
HSA-MIR-7111-5P	99.97	68.48	2062
HSA-MIR-6825-5P	99.96	69.81	3431
HSA-MIR-570-3P	99.96	72.41	4910
HSA-MIR-4487	99.96	64.58	1252
HSA-MIR-548E-5P	99.89	72.73	4486
HSA-MIR-6124	99.87	69.78	3551
HSA-MIR-7978	99.86	66.90	856
HSA-MIR-4728-5P	99.85	69.39	4718
HSA-MIR-6785-5P	99.82	68.68	4428
HSA-MIR-6739-5P	99.80	67.87	2806
HSA-MIR-2052	99.79	69.37	2031
HSA-MIR-6794-5P	99.76	66.38	1048
HSA-MIR-3934-3P	99.76	65.51	1351
HSA-MIR-6733-5P	99.74	67.94	2759
HSA-MIR-149-3P	99.72	68.22	3963
HSA-MIR-1200	99.71	70.42	1838
HSA-MIR-6883-5P	99.69	68.05	3785
HSA-MIR-7154-5P	99.69	70.52	1900
HSA-MIR-4716-3P	99.69	66.73	1022
HSA-MIR-1249-5P	99.61	66.55	2049
HSA-MIR-6797-5P	99.61	66.55	2084

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 11)

• provides first evidence showing dbpC highly expressed in human testicular seminoma and ovarian dysgerminomas, and in carcinomas in other tissues and that its expression in normal tissues is nearly restricted to germ cells and placental trophoblasts (PMID:16479255)
• transcriptional regulation of Contrin was investigated, and the promoter region between -272 and -253 relative to the transcription start site was shown to be critical for the manifestation of cell-type specific transcription (PMID:16624424)
• A significant association between gene alterations in the YBX2 gene and abnormal spermatogenesis in humans, including a potential role in altering protamine expression, and implicate YBX2 gene alterations as a potential cause of male factor infertility. (PMID:18339382)
• some polymorphisms of the MSY2 gene might be associated with impaired spermatogenesis and that the gene could also be involved in modifying the susceptibility to idiopathic spermatogenic impairment in humans (PMID:18372033)
• YBX2 has the important role of coordinating the storage of translationally repressed mRNAs in round spermatids by inhibiting translational activity and the degradation of transcripts via translation-dependent deadenylation. (PMID:26773323)
• Sequencing results showed that among the studied polymorphisms, frequency of TT genotype in rs222859 polymorphism was significantly higher in azoospermic patients compared to control group (P < 0.001). (PMID:26804374)
• LncRNA HOXA11-AS promotes OSCC progression by sponging miR-98-5p to upregulate YBX2 expression. (PMID:31731187)
• YBX2 and cancer testis antigen 45 contribute to stemness, chemoresistance and a high degree of malignancy in human endometrial cancer. (PMID:33602962)
• Circular CDC like kinase 1 suppresses cell apoptosis through miR-18b-5p/Y-box protein 2 axis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:35156507)
• NSD2 activates the E2F transcription factor 1/Y-box binding protein 2 axis to promote the malignant development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:35364436)
• YBX2 modulates mRNA stability via interaction with YTHDF2 in endometrial cancer cells. (PMID:37030331)

Cross-species orthologs

6 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Ybx2	ENSMUSG00000018554
rattus_norvegicus	Ybx2	ENSRNOG00000017117
drosophila_melanogaster	yps	FBGN0022959
caenorhabditis_elegans	cey-2	WBGENE00000473
caenorhabditis_elegans	cey-3	WBGENE00000474
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000475

Paralogs (4): YBX3 (ENSG00000060138), YBX1 (ENSG00000065978), LIN28A (ENSG00000131914), LIN28B (ENSG00000187772)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Y-box-binding protein 2 — Q9Y2T7 (reviewed: Q9Y2T7)

Alternative names: Contrin, DNA-binding protein C, Germ cell-specific Y-box-binding protein, MSY2 homolog

All UniProt accessions (3): Q9Y2T7, A0A384MDP4, I3L2D6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Major constituent of messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs). Involved in the regulation of the stability and/or translation of germ cell mRNAs. Binds to Y-box consensus promoter element. Binds to full-length mRNA with high affinity in a sequence-independent manner. Binds to short RNA sequences containing the consensus site 5’-UCCAUCA-3’ with low affinity and limited sequence specificity. Its binding with maternal mRNAs is necessary for its cytoplasmic retention. May mark specific mRNAs (those transcribed from Y-box promoters) in the nucleus for cytoplasmic storage, thereby linking transcription and mRNA storage/translational delay.

Subunit / interactions. Found in a mRNP complex with PABPC1 and YBX3. Found in a mRNP complex with ZAR1 and ZAR1L.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in oocytes and testicular germ cells in the stage of spermatogonia to spermatocyte. Also observed placental trophoblasts, as well as in vascular smooth muscle cells in the pulmonary artery, myocardium, and skeletal muscle. Undetectable in epithelial cells in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts. Up-regulated in various carcinomas and germ cell tumors (at protein level).

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylated during oocyte maturation and dephosphorylated following egg activation. Phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity associated with testicular mRNPs. Dephosphorylation leads to a decrease in its affinity to bind RNA in vitro.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_057066* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002059	CSP_DNA-bd	Domain
IPR011129	CSD	Domain
IPR012340	NA-bd_OB-fold	Homologous_superfamily
IPR019844	CSD_CS	Conserved_site
IPR050181	Cold_shock_domain	Family

Pfam: PF00313

UniProt features (31 total): compositionally biased region 10, strand 7, region of interest 4, modified residue 2, sequence variant 2, turn 2, helix 2, chain 1, domain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

4 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
7F3K	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.76
7F3L	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.88
7F3J	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.95
7F3I	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.25

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9Y2T7-F1	62.23	0.21

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (2): 65, 76

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 128 (showing top): E2F_Q4, E2F_Q4_01, E2F4DP1_01, CMYB_01, AAGCCAT_MIR135A_MIR135B, GOBP_OOGENESIS, TGACCTY_ERR1_Q2, GOBP_MALE_GAMETE_GENERATION, GGGTGGRR_PAX4_03, CAGCTG_AP4_Q5, GOBP_TRANSLATION, GOBP_POST_TRANSCRIPTIONAL_REGULATION_OF_GENE_EXPRESSION, E2F1DP1_01, E2F1DP2_01, AML_Q6

GO Biological Process (6): transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006366), spermatogenesis (GO:0007283), translational attenuation (GO:0009386), regulation of gene expression (GO:0010468), oocyte development (GO:0048599), positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis (GO:0120162)

GO Molecular Function (3): nucleic acid binding (GO:0003676), DNA binding (GO:0003677), RNA binding (GO:0003723)

GO Cellular Component (2): nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
nucleic acid binding	2
DNA-templated transcription	1
developmental process involved in reproduction	1
male gamete generation	1
regulation of translation	1
gene expression	1
regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process	1
germ cell development	1
oocyte differentiation	1
positive regulation of multicellular organismal process	1
cold-induced thermogenesis	1
regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	1
binding	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1882 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
YBX2	SOHLH1	Q5JUK2	897
YBX2	NOBOX	O60393	880
YBX2	FIGLA	Q6QHK4	865
YBX2	LHX8	Q68G74	845
YBX2	CPEB1	Q9BZB8	606
YBX2	CSNK2A1	P19138	548
YBX2	SYCP3	Q8IZU3	530
YBX2	DAZL	Q92904	527
YBX2	SYMPK	Q92797	514
YBX2	DDX4	Q9NQI0	493
YBX2	CSNK2A2	P19784	491
YBX2	DICER1	Q9UPY3	485
YBX2	PRM2	P04554	479
YBX2	GDF9	O60383	476
YBX2	TARBP2	Q15633	474

IntAct

74 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
YBX1	HNRNPR	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.770
H2AX	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
CFTR	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.710
H1-1	RRP8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
H1-6	ZNF724	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
H1-4	IGF2BP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
RPS2	MPHOSPH10	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ZCRB1	DKC1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
MRPL2	GTPBP10	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
RPS3	ZNF316	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CD226	MEN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ELAVL2	IGF2BP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PPAN	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
H2AC20	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
H1-4	RRP8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
NIFK	RSL1D1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ABT1	ZNF316	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
HIF1AN	ARID1A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NEK4	E2F8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAPT	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ELAVL2	IGF2BP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PPAN	IGF2BP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PRDM5	CASC3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NIFK	RRP8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (311): YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1L1K8, B5DE31, D5MCN2, O94432, O95817, P14199, P16989, P21573, P21574, P25567, P41073, P41824, P45441, P45978, P46553, P62960, P62961, P67808, P67809, Q00436, Q06066, Q09801, Q10193, Q10422, Q10475, Q21351, Q24629, Q28618, Q3TLH4, Q57UZ7, Q5JVS0, Q5UR41, Q5XJD3, Q62764, Q69Z08, Q6CVS3, Q6NRY1, Q6NYG6, Q6PB22, Q75A59

Diamond homologs: B5DE31, E0J1Q3, E0J500, E1WGN1, O30875, O54310, O65639, O67327, P0A355, P0A356, P0A357, P0A358, P0A361, P0A362, P0A363, P0A972, P0A973, P0A974, P0A975, P0A978, P0A979, P0A980, P0A981, P0A986, P0A987, P0A9X9, P0A9Y0, P0A9Y1, P0A9Y2, P0A9Y3, P0A9Y4, P0A9Y5, P0A9Y6, P0A9Y7, P0A9Y8, P0A9Y9, P0A9Z0, P0C0F1, P0CL01, P0DA48

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
AMPK	“up-regulates quantity by stabilization”	YBX2	phosphorylation
AKT2	“up-regulates quantity by stabilization”	YBX2	phosphorylation

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 82 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD)	5	21.2×	4e-05
SARS-CoV-2 modulates host translation machinery	5	20.4×	5e-05
RNA Polymerase II Transcription Termination	5	20.0×	5e-05
rRNA processing	7	18.6×	1e-06
Peptide chain elongation	8	18.5×	5e-07
Viral mRNA Translation	8	18.5×	5e-07
PELO:HBS1L and ABCE1 dissociate a ribosome on a non-stop mRNA	8	18.2×	5e-07
rRNA processing in the nucleus and cytosol	6	17.6×	1e-05

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
negative regulation of DNA recombination	6	86.4×	1e-08
chromosome condensation	6	64.8×	5e-08
cytoplasmic translation	8	19.0×	1e-06
rRNA processing	6	10.9×	1e-03
nucleosome assembly	6	10.8×	1e-03
translation	8	10.5×	8e-05
RNA splicing	6	6.8×	8e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

53 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	44
Likely benign	3
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1648 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
17:7288839:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:7289722:AGGC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:7289723:GGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:7289726:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:7290070:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:7290071:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:7290071:CCTG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
17:7290072:CTGG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
17:7290073:T:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
17:7291099:T:A	donor_gain	1.0000
17:7291103:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
17:7288834:GAGGT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7288838:TC:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
17:7288839:CTAAA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
17:7288840:T:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
17:7289524:CCTCA:C	donor_loss	0.9900
17:7289525:CTCA:C	donor_loss	0.9900
17:7289526:TCA:T	donor_loss	0.9900
17:7289527:CA:C	donor_loss	0.9900
17:7289529:C:T	donor_loss	0.9900
17:7289721:AAGGC:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7289724:GC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7289725:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7290067:GTGCC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7290068:TGCC:T	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7290069:GCC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7290070:CCC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7290534:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:7290534:CCCTG:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
17:7290535:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

2289 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
17:7291114:A:C	F146L	1.000
17:7291114:A:T	F146L	1.000
17:7291115:A:G	F146S	1.000
17:7291116:A:G	F146L	1.000
17:7292035:A:C	F120L	1.000
17:7292035:A:T	F120L	1.000
17:7292036:A:C	F120C	1.000
17:7292037:A:G	F120L	1.000
17:7293483:G:C	F109L	1.000
17:7293483:G:T	F109L	1.000
17:7293484:A:C	F109C	1.000
17:7293484:A:G	F109S	1.000
17:7293485:A:G	F109L	1.000
17:7293507:G:C	F101L	1.000
17:7293507:G:T	F101L	1.000
17:7293509:A:G	F101L	1.000
17:7293510:C:A	W100C	1.000
17:7293510:C:G	W100C	1.000
17:7293512:A:G	W100R	1.000
17:7293512:A:T	W100R	1.000
17:7291115:A:C	F146C	0.999
17:7291116:A:T	F146I	0.999
17:7292036:A:G	F120S	0.999
17:7292042:T:A	D118V	0.999
17:7292042:T:C	D118G	0.999
17:7292042:T:G	D118A	0.999
17:7292043:C:G	D118H	0.999
17:7292059:C:A	R112S	0.999
17:7292059:C:G	R112S	0.999
17:7293475:C:A	R112M	0.999

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000835919 (17:7294747 G>T), RS1001013141 (17:7288156 G>A), RS1001076182 (17:7292105 C>T), RS1001130264 (17:7291782 G>A,C), RS1001289118 (17:7294579 G>T), RS1001450165 (17:7294995 ATCTGCAGCCTCGGT>A), RS1001655463 (17:7288684 G>A,T), RS1001748396 (17:7295082 C>T), RS1001802105 (17:7294898 C>T), RS1002083719 (17:7293461 G>A), RS1002135976 (17:7293128 G>A,C), RS1002238716 (17:7293175 G>A), RS1002807203 (17:7296523 C>T), RS1003912143 (17:7290030 C>T), RS1004999028 (17:7291417 G>A,C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:611447 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

21 total (human), top 21 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Arsenic	increases methylation, increases abundance, increases expression	2
Nickel	decreases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	decreases expression	1
dicrotophos	increases expression	1
ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate	decreases expression	1
beta-lapachone	decreases expression	1
sodium arsenite	increases abundance, increases expression	1
butyraldehyde	increases expression	1
cyclic 3’,5’-uridine monophosphate	affects binding	1
pentanal	increases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
Sunitinib	decreases expression	1
Fulvestrant	decreases methylation	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene	decreases expression	1
Ribonucleotides	affects binding	1
Silicon Dioxide	decreases expression	1
Smoke	increases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	1
Valproic Acid	increases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.