ZNF185

Summary

ZNF185 (zinc finger protein 185 with LIM domain, HGNC:12976) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome Xq28, encoding Zinc finger protein 185 (O15231). May be involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation and/or differentiation.

Zinc-finger proteins bind nucleic acids and play important roles in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. This gene encodes a LIM-domain zinc finger protein. The LIM domain is composed of two contiguous zinc finger domains, separated by a two-amino acid residue hydrophobic linker. The LIM domain mediates protein:protein interactions. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.

Source: NCBI Gene 7739 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 182 total
• Phenotypes (HPO): 1
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001395254

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:12976
Approved symbol	ZNF185
Name	zinc finger protein 185 with LIM domain
Location	Xq28
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	SCELL
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000147394
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	300381
Entrez	7739

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 39 — 38 protein_coding, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000318504, ENST00000318529, ENST00000370268, ENST00000426821, ENST00000436731, ENST00000447792, ENST00000449285, ENST00000454925, ENST00000535861, ENST00000539731, ENST00000695776, ENST00000892522, ENST00000892523, ENST00000892524, ENST00000892525, ENST00000892526, ENST00000892527, ENST00000892528, ENST00000892529, ENST00000892530, ENST00000892531, ENST00000892532, ENST00000892533, ENST00000892534, ENST00000892535, ENST00000892536, ENST00000892537, ENST00000892538, ENST00000932058, ENST00000932059, ENST00000932060, ENST00000932061, ENST00000943297, ENST00000943298, ENST00000943299, ENST00000943300, ENST00000943301, ENST00000943302, ENST00000943303

RefSeq mRNA: 10 — MANE Select: NM_001395254 NM_001178106, NM_001178107, NM_001178108, NM_001178109, NM_001178110, NM_001178113, NM_001178115, NM_001388432, NM_001395254, NM_007150

CCDS: CCDS48184, CCDS55528, CCDS55529, CCDS55530, CCDS55531, CCDS55532, CCDS69832, CCDS94691

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000695776 — 25 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000979843	152918983	152919081
ENSE00000979844	152920328	152920411
ENSE00000979846	152928575	152928661
ENSE00000979848	152945267	152945464
ENSE00001278090	152959699	152959896
ENSE00001424921	152971274	152973474
ENSE00001452219	152932873	152932971
ENSE00001714202	152965447	152965527
ENSE00001764057	152969382	152969484
ENSE00001795887	152967167	152967238
ENSE00002290368	152963839	152963949
ENSE00003468784	152918065	152918154
ENSE00003500701	152914445	152914523
ENSE00003532039	152914710	152914833
ENSE00003582356	152917131	152917169
ENSE00003652978	152917285	152917362
ENSE00003684290	152915138	152915203
ENSE00003703717	152938074	152938163
ENSE00003704263	152920707	152920748
ENSE00003704770	152931672	152931776
ENSE00003704782	152922173	152922256
ENSE00003710917	152922720	152922809
ENSE00003791139	152970443	152970541
ENSE00003964997	152936418	152936513
ENSE00003964999	152898067	152898238

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 254 present calls, max score 99.40.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 0.8386 / max 106.7486, expressed in 232 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
198018	0.2925	139
198020	0.2639	121
198019	0.2037	111
198017	0.0575	8
198015	0.0115	1
198016	0.0095	2

Top tissues by expression

279 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
tongue squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006919	99.40	gold quality
pharyngeal mucosa	UBERON:0000355	99.36	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	99.35	gold quality
corpus epididymis	UBERON:0004359	99.29	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	98.94	gold quality
squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006914	98.79	gold quality
gingiva	UBERON:0001828	98.77	gold quality
oral cavity	UBERON:0000167	98.65	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	98.61	gold quality
epithelium of esophagus	UBERON:0001976	98.40	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	98.37	gold quality
cervix squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006922	98.37	gold quality
body of tongue	UBERON:0011876	98.28	gold quality
seminal vesicle	UBERON:0000998	98.21	gold quality
cervix epithelium	UBERON:0004801	98.17	gold quality
penis	UBERON:0000989	98.09	gold quality
cauda epididymis	UBERON:0004360	97.80	gold quality
amniotic fluid	UBERON:0000173	96.49	gold quality
nasal cavity epithelium	UBERON:0005384	95.98	gold quality
hair follicle	UBERON:0002073	95.72	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	95.58	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	95.29	gold quality
palpebral conjunctiva	UBERON:0001812	95.27	gold quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	95.25	gold quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	94.96	gold quality
caput epididymis	UBERON:0004358	94.81	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	94.78	gold quality
tongue	UBERON:0001723	94.64	gold quality
uterine cervix	UBERON:0000002	94.37	gold quality
renal glomerulus	UBERON:0000074	94.37	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

83 targeting ZNF185, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-9-5P	100.00	72.28	2361
HSA-MIR-8485	100.00	77.57	4731
HSA-MIR-513A-5P	100.00	69.77	2465
HSA-MIR-6851-5P	100.00	65.63	1294
HSA-MIR-6077	99.99	68.04	2299
HSA-MIR-3688-3P	99.97	72.02	2834
HSA-MIR-551B-5P	99.96	71.28	3493
HSA-MIR-10527-5P	99.91	72.28	3754
HSA-MIR-374A-5P	99.90	71.34	2923
HSA-MIR-374B-5P	99.90	69.98	2734
HSA-MIR-4728-5P	99.85	69.39	4718
HSA-MIR-4739	99.84	65.25	1832
HSA-MIR-1321	99.84	65.30	1811
HSA-MIR-4756-5P	99.84	64.98	1809
HSA-MIR-6785-5P	99.82	68.68	4428
HSA-MIR-3121-3P	99.82	71.96	3630
HSA-MIR-200A-5P	99.76	69.10	949
HSA-MIR-200B-5P	99.76	69.05	948
HSA-MIR-149-3P	99.72	68.22	3963
HSA-MIR-6883-5P	99.69	68.05	3785
HSA-MIR-7-5P	99.67	70.53	1809
HSA-MIR-7150	99.62	66.80	1322
HSA-MIR-6797-5P	99.61	66.55	2084
HSA-MIR-6513-3P	99.59	69.77	1102
HSA-MIR-891B	99.59	69.81	1083
HSA-MIR-182-3P	99.57	67.57	825
HSA-MIR-6758-3P	99.57	67.55	1078
HSA-MIR-4441	99.49	66.56	3216
HSA-MIR-122B-5P	99.46	70.81	1457
HSA-MIR-3612	99.45	66.02	1333

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 9)

• Transcriptional silencing of ZNF185 by methylation in prostate tumor tissues implicates the ZNF185 gene in prostate tumorigenesis. (PMID:12873976)
• transcriptional activation of ZNF185 and CYP3A4 is mediated by direct association of BRG1 with their promoters and a decreased level of ZNF185 is a common feature of lung tumours (PMID:15731117)
• ZNF185 may function as a tumor-suppressor protein by associating with the actin-cytoskeleton (PMID:16799630)
• ZNF185 expression was significantly downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with the adjacent non-cancerous tissues and negatively correlated with lymphatic metastasis. ZNF185 overexpression inhibits the growth and invasion of LAC cells through inhibition of the AKT/GSK3beta signaling. (PMID:27655485)
• ZNF185 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells, as well as the head and tail of sperm cells. (PMID:27667456)
• Results provide evidence that ZNF185 is a key component of the p63-dependent transcriptional program for stratified epithelial development and tissue homeostasis. ZNF185 deregulation, beyond deregulating cell adhesion in general, is also relevant for carcinoma formation of the stratified epithelia suggesting that ZNF185 may be a potential biomarker for squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis and prognosis. (PMID:30337687)
• These data highlight the involvement of ZNF185 and cytoskeleton changes in p53-mediated cellular response to genotoxic stress and indicate ZNF185 as potential biomarker for epithelial cancer diagnosis. (PMID:30446632)
• UBE3A activates the NOTCH pathway and promotes esophageal cancer progression by degradation of ZNF185. (PMID:34421347)
• ZNF185 prevents stress fiber formation through the inhibition of RhoA in endothelial cells. (PMID:36631535)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	znf185	ENSDARG00000103917
mus_musculus	Zfp185	ENSMUSG00000031351
rattus_norvegicus	Zfp185	ENSRNOG00000051704

Paralogs (1): SCEL (ENSG00000136155)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Zinc finger protein 185 — O15231 (reviewed: O15231)

Alternative names: LIM domain protein ZNF185, P1-A

All UniProt accessions (5): O15231, A0A8Q3WKR1, H0Y704, H7BZT5, H7C1R1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. May be involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation and/or differentiation.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Cell junction. Focal adhesion.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in placenta, pancreas and kidney. Also expressed in prostate, testis, ovary and blood.

Isoforms (9)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
O15231-1	1	yes
O15231-2	2
O15231-3	3
O15231-4	4
O15231-5	5
O15231-6	6
O15231-7	7
O15231-8	8
O15231-9	9

RefSeq proteins (10): NP_001171577, NP_001171578, NP_001171579, NP_001171580, NP_001171581, NP_001171584, NP_001171586, NP_001375361, NP_001382183, NP_009081 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001781	Znf_LIM	Domain
IPR052621	Cell_Prolif/Cornif_Regul	Family

UniProt features (44 total): sequence conflict 13, splice variant 11, compositionally biased region 10, modified residue 6, region of interest 2, chain 1, domain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-O15231-F1	50.92	0.01

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (6): 153, 447, 453, 465, 66, 206

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 109 (showing top): GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD8_TCELL_DN, JAEGER_METASTASIS_DN, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GRAESSMANN_RESPONSE_TO_MC_AND_DOXORUBICIN_UP, THEILGAARD_NEUTROPHIL_AT_SKIN_WOUND_DN, MODULE_313, TCF11_01, RUTELLA_RESPONSE_TO_HGF_VS_CSF2RB_AND_IL4_DN, SCHAEFFER_PROSTATE_DEVELOPMENT_6HR_UP, BASAKI_YBX1_TARGETS_UP, CUI_TCF21_TARGETS_2_DN, CROMER_TUMORIGENESIS_DN, NUYTTEN_EZH2_TARGETS_DN, GOCC_ANCHORING_JUNCTION, FRASOR_TAMOXIFEN_RESPONSE_UP

GO Biological Process (0):

GO Molecular Function (3): zinc ion binding (GO:0008270), protein binding (GO:0005515), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (4): cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), focal adhesion (GO:0005925), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), anchoring junction (GO:0070161)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
transition metal ion binding	1
binding	1
cation binding	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
cell-substrate junction	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
cell junction	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

794 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
ZNF185	TFF3	Q07654	923
ZNF185	CYP3A4	P05184	559
ZNF185	SMARCA4	P51532	535
ZNF185	IFI27	P40305	519
ZNF185	CYP3A7	P24462	508
ZNF185	BMP10	O95393	490
ZNF185	CYP3A5	P20815	482
ZNF185	CLEC2D	Q9UHP7	476
ZNF185	TMEM234	Q8WY98	459
ZNF185	SLC39A9	Q9NUM3	431
ZNF185	UBFD1	O14562	429
ZNF185	IFITM1	P13164	424
ZNF185	DMAC1	Q96GE9	421
ZNF185	HSPA4	P34932	412
ZNF185	ACO1	P21399	391

IntAct

52 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
ZNF185	CEP76	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ZNF185	PIH1D2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ZNF185	CBX8	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ZNF185	PRR23B	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ZNF185	HSF2BP	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ZNF185	LMO2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ZNF185	AARSD1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
EMILIN1	METTL15	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ACTBL2	ZNF185	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
PRPF8	ZNF185	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
ZNF185	TRMU	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
COPS5	FBLL1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CRY1	IGKV2D-30	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ENG	IGKV2-28	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ESR1	ARPC1B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SRRT	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
STX17	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
OR2A4	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GOT1	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PPP2R2B	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CCR1	UBA6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NRSN1	IGLC7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SSUH2	IGLC7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PIGT	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C18orf21	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
FNDC5	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
AGPAT1	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MBNL1	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MRPL27		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
KLRG2	HS3ST1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (71): ZNF185 (Proximity Label-MS), ZNF185 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF185 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF185 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF185 (Proximity Label-MS), ZNF185 (Affinity Capture-RNA), ZNF185 (Two-hybrid), ZNF185 (Two-hybrid), ZNF185 (Two-hybrid), ZNF185 (Two-hybrid), PIH1D2 (Two-hybrid), HSF2BP (Two-hybrid), PRR23B (Two-hybrid), ZNF185 (Affinity Capture-MS), PRPF8 (Proximity Label-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2TJV2, A6QLZ1, O15231, O75363, O75952, P19332, P20810, P24275, P24588, P27123, P27546, P27816, P36225, P49342, P51125, P62025, Q02952, Q16799, Q3T0A6, Q3ZB98, Q4R3X7, Q571C7, Q5FVI4, Q5IS59, Q5M7W5, Q5QD51, Q62394, Q64548, Q6FW26, Q6RJR6, Q710D7, Q7TT18, Q80YN3, Q811Q2, Q8BHB9, Q8C4A5, Q8GUP3, Q8K0T0, Q8N111, Q8TDB4

Diamond homologs: O15231, O95171, Q62394, Q9EQG3, Q3KQW7, Q3UH68, Q9UPQ0, Q8WWI1

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

182 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	92
Likely benign	14
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

3715 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
X:152914811:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
X:152914834:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
X:152917167:CCGGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152917168:CGG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152917169:GGTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152917170:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
X:152917170:GT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152917171:TAAG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152917280:TTCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:152917281:TCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:152917282:CAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:152917283:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917283:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917283:AGG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917283:AGGG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917284:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917284:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917284:GGG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917284:GGGG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917284:GGGGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152917362:GGTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152918063:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152918064:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152918064:GT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152918119:T:TA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:152919079:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
X:152919079:GAGG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152919082:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152919083:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
X:152920324:CCAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4708 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
X:152970443:T:C	C658R	0.998
X:152920328:G:C	R177S	0.997
X:152920328:G:T	R177S	0.997
X:152969398:T:C	C629R	0.997
X:152970512:T:C	C681R	0.997
X:152970521:T:C	C684R	0.997
X:152918149:G:C	K142N	0.996
X:152918149:G:T	K142N	0.996
X:152920384:T:A	V196D	0.996
X:152969476:T:C	C655R	0.996
X:152969478:C:G	C655W	0.996
X:152970443:T:A	C658S	0.996
X:152970444:G:C	C658S	0.996
X:152970452:T:C	C661R	0.996
X:152970521:T:A	C684S	0.996
X:152970522:G:C	C684S	0.996
X:152917166:T:A	I87N	0.995
X:152919081:G:C	R177T	0.995
X:152970454:C:G	C661W	0.995
X:152970488:T:C	F673L	0.995
X:152970490:C:A	F673L	0.995
X:152970490:C:G	F673L	0.995
X:152914796:T:A	W41R	0.994
X:152914796:T:C	W41R	0.994
X:152920335:G:C	A180P	0.994
X:152969398:T:A	C629S	0.994
X:152969399:G:C	C629S	0.994
X:152969400:T:G	C629W	0.994
X:152969464:T:C	C651R	0.994
X:152969480:T:C	F656S	0.994

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000050510 (X:152903191 C>G), RS1000134787 (X:152914318 C>T), RS1000149020 (X:152957706 T>G), RS1000199078 (X:152905833 A>C), RS1000245867 (X:152958042 G>T), RS1000312687 (X:152898389 G>T), RS1000359135 (X:152948156 T>C), RS1000550079 (X:152940858 T>C), RS1000616878 (X:152935885 A>C), RS1000618204 (X:152966471 G>A), RS1000643650 (X:152941329 T>C), RS1000896525 (X:152948522 C>A), RS1000926081 (X:152972763 C>A), RS1001038796 (X:152973053 G>A), RS1001079248 (X:152920492 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:300381 | disease phenotypes: MIM:209850

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): autism (MONDO:0005260)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

1 total (1 of 1 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000717	Autism

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D001321	Autistic Disorder	F03.625.164.113.500

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

52 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	4
methacrylaldehyde	affects cotreatment, increases expression, increases abundance	2
Acrolein	affects cotreatment, increases expression, increases abundance	2
Air Pollutants	increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance	2
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases expression, increases methylation	2
Calcitriol	increases expression	2
Estradiol	affects expression, increases expression	2
Ozone	affects cotreatment, increases expression, increases abundance	2
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression, increases expression	2
Valproic Acid	affects expression, increases methylation	2
Particulate Matter	increases abundance, increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
FR900359	increases phosphorylation	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
alpha-pinene	increases abundance, affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
pirinixic acid	affects binding, decreases expression, increases activity	1
bisphenol A	decreases expression	1
pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether	affects cotreatment, affects localization, decreases expression, increases expression	1
decabromobiphenyl ether	decreases expression	1
arsenite	affects binding, increases reaction	1
afimoxifene	increases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
tetrabromobisphenol A	decreases expression	1
potassium chromate(VI)	decreases expression	1
aflatoxin B2	increases methylation	1
coumarin	affects phosphorylation	1
cupric oxide	decreases expression	1
ciglitazone	affects binding, increases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects response to substance, increases expression	1
isobutyl alcohol	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00211796	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Divalproex Sodium ER in Adult Autism
NCT00391261	PHASE4	COMPLETED	An Open-label Trial of Metformin for Weight Control of Pediatric Patients on Antipsychotic Medications.
NCT00409747	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Minocycline to Treat Childhood Regressive Autism
NCT00576732	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study of the Effectiveness and Safety of Two Doses of Risperidone in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Autistic Disorder
NCT00844753	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Atomoxetine, Placebo and Parent Management Training in Autism
NCT01028820	PHASE4	COMPLETED	FMRI Brain Activation of Aripiprazole Treatment in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT01098383	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Treatment With Acetyl-Choline Esterase Inhibitors in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT01333865	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study of Memantine Hydrochloride (Namenda®) for Cognitive and Behavioral Impairment in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT01337700	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Milnacipran in Autism and the Functional Locus Coeruleus and Noradrenergic Model of Autism
NCT01695200	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT02069977	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Aripiprazole
NCT02096952	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Methylphenidate ER Liquid Formulation in Adults With ASD and ADHD
NCT02199925	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	An Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of High-Dose Gammaplex in Children on the Autism Spectrum
NCT02235467	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Multisite Study: Parental Training Using Video Modelling to Develop Social Skills in Children With Autism
NCT02255565	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Dose Response Effects of Quillivant XR in Children With ADHD and Autism: A Pilot Study
NCT02940574	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Neural and Behavioral Effects of Oxytocin in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT03333629	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Promoting Positive Outcomes for Individuals With ASD: Linking Early Detection, Treatment, and Long-term Outcomes
NCT03337646	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of the Effect and Safety of Lisdexamfetamine in Children Aged 6-12 With ADHD and Autism
NCT03538431	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Improving Driving in Young People With Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT03757585	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Natural Treatments for the Management of Emotional Dysregulation in Youth With Non-verbal Learning Disability (NVLD) and/or Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
NCT04903353	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pragmatic Trial Comparing Weight Gain in Children With Autism Taking Risperidone Versus Aripiprazole
NCT05063656	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Biomarker-Driven Pharmacological Treatment of Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder With Gabapentin
NCT05146245	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Antipsychotics in Children 2: Studying TDM in an RCT
NCT05916339	PHASE4	RECRUITING	AWARE: Management of ADHD in Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT05954052	PHASE4	TERMINATED	A Study of Glutathione in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT06853665	PHASE4	RECRUITING	The TEAM Study - Treatment Efficacy for Autism/Attention Using Mixed Amphetamine
NCT07054697	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pilot-RCT With Individualized Homeopathic Treatment in the Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT07161804	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pilot RCT Using Homeopathic Medicines in ASD
NCT07439042	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Buspirone for Anxiety in Autistic Youth
NCT00036231	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Synthetic Human Secretin in Children With Autism and Gastrointestinal Dysfunction
NCT00036244	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Synthetic Human Secretin in Children With Autism
NCT00065884	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Valproate Response in Aggressive Autistic Adolescents
NCT00065962	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Secretin for the Treatment of Autism
NCT00252603	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Galantamine Versus Placebo in Childhood Autism
NCT00346736	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Use of Acupuncture In Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder
NCT00352248	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Randomized Controlled Trial of Acupuncture Versus Sham Acupuncture in Autistic Spectrum Disorder
NCT00352352	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Use of Acupuncture In Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder
NCT00355329	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Randomized Control Trial of Using Tongue Acupuncture in Autistic Spectrum Disorder Using PET Scan for Clinical Correlation
NCT00498173	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Atomoxetine in Treating ADHD Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With Autism
NCT00541346	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Pilot Study of Daytrana TM in Children With Autism Co-Morbid for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms