ZNF326

gene
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Also known as Zfp326ZAN75FLJ20403ZIRD

Summary

ZNF326 (zinc finger protein 326, HGNC:14104) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1p22.2, encoding DBIRD complex subunit ZNF326 (Q5BKZ1). Core component of the DBIRD complex, a multiprotein complex that acts at the interface between core mRNP particles and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and integrates transcript elongation with the regulation of alternative splicing: the DBIRD complex affects local transcript elongati….

Enables RNA polymerase II complex binding activity. Involved in regulation of DNA-templated transcription elongation and regulation of RNA splicing. Located in nucleoplasm. Part of DBIRD complex.

Source: NCBI Gene 284695 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 4
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 83 total
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_182976

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:14104
Approved symbolZNF326
Namezinc finger protein 326
Location1p22.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesZfp326, ZAN75, FLJ20403, ZIRD
Ensembl geneENSG00000162664
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM614601
Entrez284695

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 10 — 9 protein_coding, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000340281, ENST00000361911, ENST00000370447, ENST00000394583, ENST00000902215, ENST00000902216, ENST00000902217, ENST00000918480, ENST00000918481, ENST00000971818

RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_182976 NM_001320185, NM_181781, NM_182975, NM_182976

CCDS: CCDS727, CCDS728, CCDS81351

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000340281 — 12 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000014527439002735490035533
ENSE000016315878999511089995273
ENSE000016671269000513390005244
ENSE000016732359000734590007750
ENSE000017000649000500390005038
ENSE000034587309001731790017464
ENSE000034886029002079290020922
ENSE000035421539001868590018784
ENSE000035437399001008890010286
ENSE000035661609002225090022345
ENSE000036587918999811089998154
ENSE000036625229001312690013237

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 254 present calls, max score 96.38.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 33.1250 / max 651.2898, expressed in 1815 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
399133.12501815

Top tissues by expression

255 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
sural nerveUBERON:001548896.38gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cordUBERON:000646995.53gold quality
spinal cordUBERON:000224094.99gold quality
medial globus pallidusUBERON:000247792.55gold quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305392.19gold quality
pigmented layer of retinaUBERON:000178291.94gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402391.73gold quality
globus pallidusUBERON:000187591.16gold quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534391.11gold quality
tendon of biceps brachiiUBERON:000818891.09gold quality
substantia nigraUBERON:000203890.89gold quality
subthalamic nucleusUBERON:000190690.81gold quality
body of pancreasUBERON:000115090.53gold quality
inferior vagus X ganglionUBERON:000536390.49gold quality
midbrainUBERON:000189190.28gold quality
corpus callosumUBERON:000233690.14gold quality
cartilage tissueUBERON:000241889.97gold quality
amygdalaUBERON:000187689.82gold quality
epithelial cell of pancreasCL:000008389.50gold quality
endometriumUBERON:000129589.43gold quality
left ovaryUBERON:000211989.15gold quality
hypothalamusUBERON:000189889.13gold quality
pancreatic ductal cellCL:000207989.07gold quality
rectumUBERON:000105289.00gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039788.58gold quality
tendonUBERON:000004388.41gold quality
ovaryUBERON:000099288.32gold quality
Ammon’s hornUBERON:000195488.28gold quality
thymusUBERON:000237088.19gold quality
right ovaryUBERON:000211888.08gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 3.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-MTAB-11121yes889.21
E-GEOD-137537yes17.59
E-ANND-3no0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

267 targeting ZNF326, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3613-3P100.0076.367965
HSA-MIR-3163100.0077.238605
HSA-MIR-340-5P100.0072.504437
HSA-LET-7A-3P100.0074.033932
HSA-LET-7B-3P100.0074.083913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P100.0074.023928
HSA-MIR-98-3P100.0074.083907
HSA-MIR-4262100.0073.263931
HSA-MIR-5692B100.0071.322622
HSA-MIR-5692C100.0071.322622
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P100.0069.331837
HSA-MIR-5692A100.0074.406850
HSA-MIR-4795-3P100.0074.624024
HSA-MIR-574-5P100.0066.01989
HSA-MIR-366299.9973.825684
HSA-MIR-371B-5P99.9975.344759
HSA-MIR-548C-3P99.9974.017587
HSA-MIR-428299.9975.366408
HSA-MIR-181A-5P99.9972.962995
HSA-MIR-181B-5P99.9972.972996
HSA-MIR-181C-5P99.9972.952996
HSA-MIR-181D-5P99.9973.042997
HSA-MIR-4789-3P99.9970.752484
HSA-MIR-33A-5P99.9968.621055
HSA-MIR-33B-5P99.9968.581062
HSA-MIR-1213699.9872.815713
HSA-MIR-373-5P99.9875.364753
HSA-MIR-616-5P99.9875.584775
HSA-LET-7F-2-3P99.9870.982588
HSA-MIR-1185-1-3P99.9871.042593

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 8)

  • data indicate that the DBIRD complex (consisting of DBC1 and ZNF326) acts at the interface between mRNP particles and RNAPII, integrating transcript elongation with the regulation of alternative splicing (PMID:22446626)
  • involvement of the Zfp326 and ZNF326 genes in antidepressant treatment response (PMID:22666313)
  • Data indicate that ZNF326 is an interaction partner and substrate of the PRMT5/WDR77 complex. (PMID:28977470)
  • Data provide evidence that the high nuclear expression of ZNF326 in breast cancer was closely related to advanced pTNM staging, positive lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. ZNF326 promotes proliferation, invasiveness, and xenograft formation by upregulating MMP7, EMT, and cell cycle-related factors by interacting with DBC1. (PMID:30175866)
  • Studied role of zinc finger protein 326 (ZNF326) in promotion of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. (PMID:30401956)
  • High ZNF326 expression is associated with glioma. (PMID:30691485)
  • Transcription Factor ZNF326 Upregulates the Expression of ERCC1 and HDAC7 and its Clinicopathologic Significance in Glioma. (PMID:31930344)
  • MicroRNA-136-5p regulates gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer via down-regulating ZNF32. (PMID:33155203)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_rerioznf326ENSDARG00000098348
mus_musculusZfp326ENSMUSG00000029290
rattus_norvegicusZfp326ENSRNOG00000047761

Paralogs (2): AKAP8L (ENSG00000011243), AKAP8 (ENSG00000105127)

Protein

Protein identifiers

DBIRD complex subunit ZNF326Q5BKZ1 (reviewed: Q5BKZ1)

Alternative names: Zinc finger protein 326, Zinc finger protein interacting with mRNPs and DBC1

All UniProt accessions (3): A0A0A0MRN4, E2QRN4, Q5BKZ1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Core component of the DBIRD complex, a multiprotein complex that acts at the interface between core mRNP particles and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and integrates transcript elongation with the regulation of alternative splicing: the DBIRD complex affects local transcript elongation rates and alternative splicing of a large set of exons embedded in (A + T)-rich DNA regions. May play a role in neuronal differentiation and is able to bind DNA and activate expression in vitro.

Subunit / interactions. Component of the DBIRD complex. Interacts with CCAR2; the interaction is direct.

Subcellular location. Nucleus matrix.

Similarity. Belongs to the AKAP95 family.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q5BKZ1-11yes
Q5BKZ1-22
Q5BKZ1-33

RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001307114, NP_861446, NP_892020, NP_892021* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR007071AKAP95Family
IPR034736ZF_C2H2_AKAP95Domain

Pfam: PF04988

UniProt features (42 total): modified residue 19, cross-link 8, compositionally biased region 4, region of interest 4, zinc finger region 2, splice variant 2, chain 1, sequence conflict 1, short sequence motif 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q5BKZ1-F154.040.08

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (27): 48, 56, 63, 69, 81, 82, 91, 106, 114, 118, 121, 137, 173, 212, 235, 247, 249, 251, 270, 140 …

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 181 (showing top): CAGCTG_AP4_Q5, MILI_PSEUDOPODIA_HAPTOTAXIS_UP, GOBP_RNA_SPLICING, GATA1_02, chr1p22, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_DNA_TEMPLATED_TRANSCRIPTION_ELONGATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_RNA_SPLICING, NUYTTEN_EZH2_TARGETS_DN, E2A_Q2, CCAWNWWNNNGGC_UNKNOWN, AAGWWRNYGGC_UNKNOWN, NUYTTEN_NIPP1_TARGETS_DN, GOMF_RNA_POLYMERASE_BINDING, GOMF_RNA_POLYMERASE_CORE_ENZYME_BINDING, GOMF_BASAL_TRANSCRIPTION_MACHINERY_BINDING

GO Biological Process (4): mRNA processing (GO:0006397), RNA splicing (GO:0008380), regulation of DNA-templated transcription elongation (GO:0032784), regulation of RNA splicing (GO:0043484)

GO Molecular Function (6): RNA polymerase II complex binding (GO:0000993), DNA binding (GO:0003677), RNA binding (GO:0003723), zinc ion binding (GO:0008270), protein binding (GO:0005515), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (4): nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), nuclear matrix (GO:0016363), DBIRD complex (GO:0044609)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
RNA processing2
nucleic acid binding2
nuclear lumen2
cellular anatomical structure2
mRNA metabolic process1
DNA-templated transcription elongation1
regulation of DNA-templated transcription1
RNA splicing1
regulation of gene expression1
regulation of primary metabolic process1
RNA polymerase core enzyme binding1
transition metal ion binding1
binding1
cation binding1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
intracellular protein-containing complex1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1190 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
ZNF326CCAR2Q8N163808
ZNF326ALDH18A1P54886525
ZNF326MATR3P43243511
ZNF326GPANK1O95872495
ZNF326TARS2Q9BW92476
ZNF326HNRNPA1P09651475
ZNF326CPNE5Q9HCH3474
ZNF326GANABQ14697474
ZNF326WDR77Q9BQA1454
ZNF326ZMYM3Q14202442
ZNF326KHSRPQ92945442
ZNF326LRRFIP1Q32MZ4438
ZNF326TUBA1BP04687404
ZNF326H1-1Q02539398
ZNF326ABCC12Q96J65386

IntAct

196 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
PIK3CAPIK3R2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.900
CFTRESYT2psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.710
NCBP1KPNA3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
IGF2BP1IGF2BP3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
SF3B1SAP18psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
ZNF326HNRNPA1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.600
ZNF326BRINP1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.580
ZNF326BRINP1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.580
BRINP1ZNF326psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.580
YWHAHBLTP3Bpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.570
KHDRBS3ZNF326psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
VMACZNF326psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
ZNF326psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
GYS1ZNF326psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
GEMIN4ZNF326psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
SPTA1ZNF326psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
KPNA5ZNF326psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
FOXP3FOXP2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
BCORCBX4psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
PCGF1CBX4psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
NCBP3SAP18psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
NRBM47psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
MRPL2GTPBP10psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
SNRNP70GTPBP1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
ELAVL2IGF2BP3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530

BioGRID (280): ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF326 (Proximity Label-MS), ZNF326 (Proximity Label-MS), ZNF326 (Proximity Label-MS), ZNF326 (Proximity Label-MS), ZNF326 (Proximity Label-MS), ZNF326 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0R4IZ84, A2CEZ5, A2RV70, D3YXK2, F1MJM0, O15047, O43823, O60293, O88291, O88453, P41073, P43243, P43244, P61129, P61406, P78332, P97868, Q08D57, Q14151, Q15424, Q1LY77, Q28F29, Q2HJG4, Q3TLH4, Q498L2, Q5BKZ1, Q5F3P8, Q5R452, Q5RAK6, Q5RCA4, Q5U236, Q5VK71, Q5ZJ02, Q63014, Q66HC1, Q66J90, Q7YZA2, Q7Z6E9, Q80YR5, Q86US8

Diamond homologs: A2CEZ5, A2RV70, F1MJM0, O43823, O88291, Q28F29, Q5BKZ1, Q5RCA4, Q5VK71, Q5ZJ02, Q63014, Q9DBR0, Q9R0L7, Q9ULX6

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 208 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
mRNA Polyadenylation2616.1×1e-21
mRNA Splicing1813.9×7e-14
RNA Polymerase II Transcription Termination913.9×1e-06
Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA2413.9×1e-18
Transport of Mature Transcript to Cytoplasm513.4×2e-03
mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway3011.5×3e-21
mRNA 3’-end processing811.1×4e-05
Dengue Virus-Host Interactions258.0×7e-14

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome524.9×2e-04
negative regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome521.5×4e-04
alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome518.9×5e-04
U2-type prespliceosome assembly517.5×7e-04
spliceosomal snRNP assembly516.3×9e-04
regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome1013.7×8e-07
mRNA splicing, via spliceosome2412.3×2e-16
negative regulation of translation1011.0×5e-06

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

83 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance60
Likely benign1
Benign0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1894 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
1:89995269:GGACG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
1:89995270:GACG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
1:89995270:GACGG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
1:89995272:CGG:Cdonor_loss1.0000
1:89995273:GGTAA:Gdonor_loss1.0000
1:89995274:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
1:89995274:GT:Gdonor_loss1.0000
1:89998095:A:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:89998153:TG:Tdonor_gain1.0000
1:89998153:TGGT:Tdonor_loss1.0000
1:89998154:GG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
1:89998154:GGT:Gdonor_loss1.0000
1:89998155:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
1:89998156:T:Adonor_loss1.0000
1:90004997:TTTTA:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
1:90004998:TTTAG:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
1:90004999:TTAG:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
1:90005000:TAGGA:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
1:90005001:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
1:90005002:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
1:90005002:GGA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:90007327:ACTGT:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
1:90007334:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
1:90007335:A:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
1:90007342:CAG:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
1:90007344:G:GTacceptor_loss1.0000
1:90007746:GAGGA:Gdonor_gain1.0000
1:90007747:AGGA:Adonor_gain1.0000
1:90007748:GGA:Gdonor_gain1.0000
1:90007748:GGAG:Gdonor_gain1.0000

AlphaMissense

3869 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
1:90013199:A:CR296S1.000
1:90013199:A:TR296S1.000
1:90013202:A:CR297S1.000
1:90013202:A:TR297S1.000
1:90017330:T:AC314S1.000
1:90017330:T:CC314R1.000
1:90017331:G:AC314Y1.000
1:90017331:G:CC314S1.000
1:90017331:G:TC314F1.000
1:90017332:T:GC314W1.000
1:90017339:T:AC317S1.000
1:90017339:T:CC317R1.000
1:90017340:G:AC317Y1.000
1:90017340:G:CC317S1.000
1:90017340:G:TC317F1.000
1:90017341:T:GC317W1.000
1:90017378:C:AH330N1.000
1:90017378:C:GH330D1.000
1:90017380:T:AH330Q1.000
1:90017380:T:GH330Q1.000
1:90017382:T:CL331P1.000
1:90017396:C:AH336N1.000
1:90017396:C:GH336D1.000
1:90017398:T:AH336Q1.000
1:90017398:T:GH336Q1.000
1:90017418:T:AI343K1.000
1:90017418:T:GI343R1.000
1:90017456:T:CF356L1.000
1:90017457:T:CF356S1.000
1:90017458:T:AF356L1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000049871 (1:90022973 G>A), RS1000101916 (1:90022666 C>T), RS1000315164 (1:90025760 A>T), RS1000354824 (1:90012519 G>A), RS1000360162 (1:89993174 A>T), RS1000407378 (1:90010555 AATAG>A), RS1000571175 (1:89999389 A>G), RS1000647286 (1:90033875 G>A), RS1000657613 (1:90030685 C>T), RS1000699664 (1:90033628 A>G), RS1000726549 (1:90006159 G>C), RS1000751322 (1:90002743 C>G), RS1000798687 (1:90006503 G>A), RS1000799458 (1:90008265 G>A), RS1000942660 (1:90005885 C>G,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:614601 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

4 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST000615_1Brain structure (hippocampal volume)2.000000e-06
GCST003434_11Obsessive-compulsive symptoms8.000000e-06
GCST006041_41Major depressive disorder3.000000e-06
GCST006210_1Thiopurine-induced digestive symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease7.000000e-07

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0005035hippocampal volume
EFO:0007802obsessive-compulsive symptom measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

33 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
bisphenol Adecreases expression2
sodium arseniteincreases expression, decreases expression, increases abundance2
Arsenicincreases abundance, increases expression, affects methylation2
Valproic Acidaffects expression, increases expression2
FR900359affects phosphorylation1
TAK-243decreases sumoylation1
dicrotophosdecreases expression1
geldanamycinincreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
di-n-butylphosphoric acidaffects expression1
perfluorooctane sulfonic aciddecreases expression1
bisphenol Bincreases expression1
bisphenol AFincreases expression1
Resveratrolaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Sunitinibdecreases expression1
Cadmiumincreases expression, increases abundance1
Caffeineaffects phosphorylation1
Dinitrochlorobenzeneaffects binding1
Enzyme Inhibitorsdecreases activity, increases O-linked glycosylation1
Hydrogen Peroxideaffects expression1
Ivermectindecreases expression1
Methyl Methanesulfonateincreases expression1
Plant Extractsaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Ribonucleotidesaffects binding1
Rotenonedecreases expression1
Silicon Dioxideincreases expression1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxindecreases expression1
Tobacco Smoke Pollutionincreases expression1
7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxidedecreases expression1
Cyclosporinedecreases expression1

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_B2LUAbcam HeLa ZNF326 KOCancer cell lineFemale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

  • Disease cohort memberships (association, not causation — diseases whose associated-gene cohort lists this gene; a subset are also under Associated diseases): digestive system disorder