ZP1

Summary

ZP1 (zona pellucida glycoprotein 1, HGNC:13187) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 11q12.2, encoding Zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 1 (P60852). Component of the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix surrounding oocytes which mediates sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy.

The zona pellucida is an extracellular matrix that surrounds the oocyte and early embryo. It is composed primarily of three or four glycoproteins with various functions during fertilization and preimplantation development. The protein encoded by this gene ensures the structural integrity of the zona pellucida. Mutations in this gene are a cause of oocyte maturation defect and infertility.

Source: NCBI Gene 22917 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): female infertility due to zona pellucida defect (Strong, GenCC)
• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 148 total — 11 pathogenic, 1 likely-pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 4
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_207341

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:13187
Approved symbol	ZP1
Name	zona pellucida glycoprotein 1
Location	11q12.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	ZPB1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000149506
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	195000
Entrez	22917

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 5 — 3 retained_intron, 1 protein_coding, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000278853, ENST00000537203, ENST00000540908, ENST00000542971, ENST00000543020

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_207341 NM_001391943, NM_001391944, NM_207341

CCDS: CCDS31572

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000278853 — 12 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000990965	60869145	60869266
ENSE00000990967	60869537	60869900
ENSE00001304028	60867542	60867757
ENSE00001305834	60870957	60871144
ENSE00003459108	60874933	60875014
ENSE00003508022	60870332	60870475
ENSE00003524266	60873634	60873775
ENSE00003553573	60873375	60873564
ENSE00003573293	60875514	60875687
ENSE00003593638	60873162	60873289
ENSE00003610586	60875129	60875248
ENSE00003653412	60871217	60871314

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 143 present calls, max score 96.41.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.3623 / max 25.4543, expressed in 161 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
114511	0.1791	82
114512	0.1171	46
114513	0.0491	23
114509	0.0127	5
114510	0.0043	3

Top tissues by expression

245 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	96.41	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	88.86	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	86.98	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	81.91	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	80.17	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	71.53	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	70.63	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	69.14	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	68.25	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	68.06	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	68.02	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	67.49	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	65.41	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	65.33	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	64.97	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	64.59	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	64.45	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	63.32	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	61.39	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	61.07	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	60.92	gold quality
deltoid	UBERON:0001476	60.85	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	60.26	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	60.04	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	60.04	gold quality
nasal cavity epithelium	UBERON:0005384	59.96	gold quality
tendon of biceps brachii	UBERON:0008188	59.63	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	59.13	gold quality
upper leg skin	UBERON:0004262	58.91	silver quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	58.86	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	2.25

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): FIGLA, SOHLH1

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 20)

• ZP proteins were detected in both the oocyte and the granulosa cells as early as the primordial follicle stage in the human. The detection of ZP proteins in the quiescent primordial follicle suggests that these proteins have been present since oogenesis. (PMID:18033806)
• ZP1 binds to capacitated spermatozoa and induces acrosomal exocytosis. (PMID:20504872)
• The ‘ZP domain’ module of human ZP1 has functional activity and may have a role during fertilization in humans. (PMID:20831819)
• observed sequence variations in exons of ZP1 gene in women with infertility of unknown origin who exhibit abnormal zona pellucida; sperm-ovum interactions appear relatively normal in these patients [CASE REPORTS] (PMID:22889493)
• this study identified a homozygous frameshift mutation in ZP1 in six family members with a form of infertility with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. (PMID:24670168)
• Our findings presented compound heterozygous mutations in ZP1 associated with Empty follicle syndrome (EFS) and abnormal oocytes and provided further new evidence for the genetic basis of EFS and support for the genetic diagnosis of infertile individuals (PMID:30778819)
• Mutations in ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3 might affect the corresponding protein expression, secretion, and interaction, thus providing a mechanistic explanation for the phenotypes for female infertility. (PMID:30810869)
• Study report a characterization of ZP1 proteins carrying mutations from infertile patients, which suggests that, in human, filament cross-linking by ZP1 is crucial to form a stable zona pellucida (ZP) and map the function of ZP1 to its ZP-N1 domain and determine crystal structures of ZP-N1 homodimers from a chicken homolog of ZP1. (PMID:31300655)
• ZP1 mutations are associated with empty follicle syndrome: evidence for the existence of an intact oocyte and a zona pellucida in follicles up to the early antral stage. A case report. (PMID:31734689)
• Novel ZP1 pathogenic variants identified in an infertile patient and a successful live birth following ICSI treatment. (PMID:31909477)
• Homozygous Splice Site Mutation in ZP1 Causes Familial Oocyte Maturation Defect. (PMID:32244758)
• Novel biallelic loss-of-function variants in ZP1 identified in an infertile female with empty follicle syndrome. (PMID:32556881)
• Zona Pellucida Proteins, Fibrils, and Matrix. (PMID:32569527)
• Heterozygous mutations in ZP1 and ZP3 cause formation disorder of ZP and female infertility in human. (PMID:32573113)
• Novel mutations in ZP1 and ZP2 cause primary infertility due to empty follicle syndrome and abnormal zona pellucida. (PMID:32829425)
• Novel mutations in ZP1: Expanding the mutational spectrum associated with empty follicle syndrome in infertile women. (PMID:33423275)
• A novel homozygous nonsense mutation in zona pellucida 1 (ZP1) causes human female empty follicle syndrome. (PMID:33665726)
• A recurrent ZP1 variant is responsible for oocyte maturation defect with degenerated oocytes in infertile females. (PMID:35460069)
• A Novel Homozygous Nonsense Mutation in ZP1 Causes Female Infertility due to Empty Follicle Syndrome. (PMID:35773450)
• Novel variants in ZP1, ZP2 and ZP3 associated with empty follicle syndrome and abnormal zona pellucida. (PMID:36931917)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	zpax4	ENSDARG00000079034
mus_musculus	Zp1	ENSMUSG00000024734
rattus_norvegicus	Zp1	ENSRNOG00000020907

Paralogs (4): ZP2 (ENSG00000103310), ZP4 (ENSG00000116996), QRICH2 (ENSG00000129646), C16orf96 (ENSG00000205832)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 1 — P60852 (reviewed: P60852)

Alternative names: Zona pellucida glycoprotein 1

All UniProt accessions (3): P60852, H0YG11, V9HWI9

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Component of the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix surrounding oocytes which mediates sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy. The zona pellucida is composed of 3 to 4 glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4. ZP1 ensures the structural integrity of the zona pellucida.

Subunit / interactions. Polymers of ZP2 and ZP3 organized into long filaments cross-linked by ZP1 homodimers. Interacts with ZP3.

Subcellular location. Zona pellucida Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in oocytes (at protein level).

Post-translational modifications. Proteolytically cleaved before the transmembrane segment to yield the secreted ectodomain incorporated in the zona pellucida. O-glycosylated.

Disease relevance. Oocyte/zygote/embryo maturation arrest 1 (OZEMA1) [MIM:615774] An autosomal recessive infertility disorder caused by defective oocyte maturation that results in abnormal eggs lacking a zona pellucida. Affected females have normal menstrual cycles and sex hormone levels, no obstruction in the fallopian tubes or abnormalities of the uterus or adnexa. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Domain organisation. The ZP domain is involved in the polymerization of the ZP proteins to form the zona pellucida.

Similarity. Belongs to the ZP domain family. ZPB subfamily.

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001378872, NP_001378873, NP_997224* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000519	P_trefoil_dom	Domain
IPR001507	ZP_dom	Domain
IPR017957	P_trefoil_CS	Conserved_site
IPR017977	ZP_dom_CS	Conserved_site
IPR042235	ZP-C_dom	Homologous_superfamily
IPR044913	P_trefoil_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR048290	ZP_chr	Domain
IPR051148	Zona_Pellucida_Domain_gp	Family
IPR054554	ZP1/4_Ig-like	Domain
IPR055355	ZP-C	Domain
IPR055356	ZP-N	Domain

Pfam: PF00100, PF22821, PF23344

UniProt features (21 total): glycosylation site 4, disulfide bond 4, chain 2, region of interest 2, topological domain 2, domain 2, signal peptide 1, compositionally biased region 1, sequence variant 1, propeptide 1, transmembrane region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P60852-F1	73.67	0.38

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (4): 236–261, 245–260, 255–270, 457–478

Glycosylation sites (4): 76, 379, 561, 596

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-2534343	Interaction With Cumulus Cells And The Zona Pellucida

MSigDB gene sets: 76 (showing top): GOBP_SINGLE_FERTILIZATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_REPRODUCTIVE_PROCESS, SP3_Q3, GOMF_EXTRACELLULAR_MATRIX_STRUCTURAL_CONSTITUENT, TGCTGAY_UNKNOWN, GOBP_SPERM_EGG_RECOGNITION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_REPRODUCTIVE_PROCESS, RFX1_02, GOBP_FERTILIZATION, GOBP_CELL_CELL_RECOGNITION, TGTYNNNNNRGCARM_UNKNOWN, GOBP_BINDING_OF_SPERM_TO_ZONA_PELLUCIDA, MATZUK_FERTILIZATION, HEB_Q6, YOSHIMURA_MAPK8_TARGETS_UP

GO Biological Process (3): binding of sperm to zona pellucida (GO:0007339), prevention of polyspermy (GO:0060468), single fertilization (GO:0007338)

GO Molecular Function (3): acrosin binding (GO:0032190), structural constituent of egg coat (GO:0035804), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (5): extracellular region (GO:0005576), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), egg coat (GO:0035805), membrane (GO:0016020), extracellular matrix (GO:0031012)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Fertilization	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	2
sperm-egg recognition	1
egg activation	1
negative regulation of fertilization	1
fertilization	1
enzyme binding	1
extracellular matrix structural constituent	1
egg coat	1
binding	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
specialized extracellular matrix	1
external encapsulating structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1130 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
ZP1	ZP3	P21754	999
ZP1	ZP2	Q05996	986
ZP1	ZP4	Q12836	864
ZP1	GDF9	O60383	769
ZP1	FIGLA	Q6QHK4	749
ZP1	MMUT	P22033	673
ZP1	NOBOX	O60393	659
ZP1	ASTL	Q6HA08	657
ZP1	IZUMO1	Q8IYV9	647
ZP1	BMP15	O95972	613
ZP1	OOSP1	A8MZH6	571
ZP1	SOHLH1	Q5JUK2	554
ZP1	SPESP1	Q6UW49	544
ZP1	DAZL	Q92904	537
ZP1	ZAR1	Q86SH2	536

IntAct

7 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
ZP3	ZP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.500
ZP1	ZP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ZP2	ZP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ZP3	ZP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ORF61	USP11	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (2): ZP1 (Positive Genetic), ZP1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A6NKQ9, B1AWI6, I6M4H4, O14931, O35714, O46641, O54766, O70394, O95428, P08751, P0DN86, P0DN87, P17813, P19794, P21563, P43021, P51500, P51670, P60852, P61484, Q07104, Q1L6U9, Q3HRV3, Q3S2X5, Q3TYX2, Q4TUC0, Q5DQQ6, Q6AXW8, Q6NT52, Q6UWN5, Q7TPG6, Q86T13, Q86UD1, Q8BZT7, Q8CJH3, Q8IZF5, Q8K1T6, Q8MII8, Q8MJ02, Q8N386

Diamond homologs: I6M4H4, O54766, O54767, O77726, P20239, P42099, P47983, P47984, P48829, P48834, P60852, Q00193, Q05996, Q07287, Q12836, Q62005, Q8CH34, Q9BH10, Q9BH11, Q5DID3, Q96PL2, P54097

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
SOHLH1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	ZP1	“transcriptional regulation”

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

148 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	11
Likely pathogenic	1
Uncertain significance	114
Likely benign	11
Benign	8

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (12)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
127200	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.1169_1176del (p.Ile390fs)	Pathogenic
2065331	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.628C>T (p.Gln210Ter)	Pathogenic
3353935	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.670C>T (p.Arg224Ter)	Pathogenic
3382275	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.1129_1130del (p.Val377fs)	Pathogenic
3383023	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.1602C>A (p.Cys534Ter)	Pathogenic
3780815	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.874C>T (p.Gln292Ter)	Pathogenic
689404	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.1708G>A (p.Val570Met)	Pathogenic
689405	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.1430+1G>T	Pathogenic
689406	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.1775-8T>C	Pathogenic
695115	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.769C>T (p.Gln257Ter)	Pathogenic
812693	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.1168del (p.Ile390fs)	Pathogenic
3347218	NM_207341.4(ZP1):c.1015-1G>A	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

1513 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
11:60871315:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
11:60871321:G:T	donor_gain	1.0000
11:60873139:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873140:C:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873146:T:TA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873149:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873149:AC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873149:ACGT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873149:ACGTG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873150:C:CA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873153:G:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873287:AAGGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
11:60873288:AGGTA:A	donor_loss	1.0000
11:60873290:G:T	donor_loss	1.0000
11:60873291:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
11:60873372:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
11:60873373:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873373:AGAC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873374:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873374:GA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873374:GAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873374:GACG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873374:GACGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:60873560:GACGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
11:60873563:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
11:60873564:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
11:60875015:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
11:60869139:CTGCA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
11:60869140:TGCA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
11:60869141:GCA:G	acceptor_loss	0.9900

AlphaMissense

4114 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
11:60873731:T:C	F510L	0.992
11:60873733:C:A	F510L	0.992
11:60873733:C:G	F510L	0.992
11:60873383:T:C	F417L	0.991
11:60873385:C:A	F417L	0.991
11:60873385:C:G	F417L	0.991
11:60873717:T:C	F505S	0.991
11:60873716:T:C	F505L	0.986
11:60873717:T:G	F505C	0.986
11:60873718:C:A	F505L	0.986
11:60873718:C:G	F505L	0.986
11:60873547:G:C	W471C	0.984
11:60873547:G:T	W471C	0.984
11:60869145:A:T	D66V	0.982
11:60873732:T:G	F510C	0.982
11:60867746:T:C	F62S	0.980
11:60874946:G:A	C529Y	0.980
11:60874945:T:A	C529S	0.979
11:60874946:G:C	C529S	0.979
11:60867757:G:C	D66H	0.977
11:60869186:T:A	C80S	0.977
11:60869187:G:C	C80S	0.977
11:60873503:T:A	C457S	0.977
11:60873504:G:C	C457S	0.977
11:60869150:T:C	F68L	0.976
11:60869152:T:A	F68L	0.976
11:60869152:T:G	F68L	0.976
11:60873508:G:C	W458C	0.975
11:60873508:G:T	W458C	0.975
11:60869162:T:C	F72L	0.974

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000045418 (11:60870068 A>G), RS1000378159 (11:60871579 C>T), RS1000644568 (11:60868556 C>T), RS1000809029 (11:60872997 C>T), RS1000824996 (11:60874765 C>G), RS1000922290 (11:60866979 G>A), RS1001378093 (11:60867186 C>T), RS1001775590 (11:60869211 C>A,G,T), RS1001888185 (11:60873864 T>A,C), RS1001941958 (11:60874250 A>C), RS1002386528 (11:60867638 G>A), RS1002408946 (11:60866286 C>T), RS1002766622 (11:60875372 G>C), RS1002767205 (11:60872672 A>C,G), RS1002847636 (11:60867821 G>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:195000 | disease phenotypes: MIM:615774, MIM:617712

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
female infertility due to zona pellucida defect	Strong	Autosomal recessive

Mondo (2): female infertility due to zona pellucida defect (MONDO:0014342), oocyte maturation defect 3 (MONDO:0021574)

Orphanet (1): Female infertility due to zona pellucida defect (Orphanet:404466)

HPO phenotypes

4 total (4 of 4 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000007	Autosomal recessive inheritance
HP:0008222	Female infertility
HP:0011462	Young adult onset
HP:6000328	Absent zona pellucida

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST006296_3	Response to ziprazidone in schizophrenia	3.000000e-06

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL6067247 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

4 potent at pChembl≥5 of 4 total, top 4 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
8.62	Kd	2.409	nM	CHEMBL3752910
8.62	ED50	2.409	nM	CHEMBL3752910
5.37	Kd	4247	nM	CHEMBL5653589
5.37	ED50	4247	nM	CHEMBL5653589

PubChem BioAssay actives

2 with measured affinity, of 4 total; 2 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
4-methyl-3-[(1-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide	2149818: Binding affinity to human ZP1 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	kd	0.0024	uM
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide	2149818: Binding affinity to human ZP1 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	kd	4.2473	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

12 total (human), top 12 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases methylation, increases expression	4
methyleugenol	increases expression	1
bisphenol A	decreases methylation	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	increases expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	increases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
archazolid B	increases expression	1
Cadmium	increases expression	1
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine	increases expression	1
Silicon Dioxide	decreases expression	1
Valproic Acid	increases methylation	1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL5652860	Binding	Binding affinity to human ZP1 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	NVP-BHG712: Effects of Regioisomers on the Affinity and Selectivity toward the EPHrin Family. — ChemMedChem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.